Cotylaspis coreensis sp. n., Cotylaspis sinensis Faust et Tang, 1936, Phyllodistomum parasiluri Yamaguti, 1934, Kaurma orientalis Yamaguti, 1937, Astiotrema reniferum (Looss, 1898), Astiotrema odhneri Bhalerao, 1936, Astiotrema sp. and Cephalogonimus japonicus Ogata, 1936 were collected from the intestine of freshwater mud-turtle, Amyda sinensis Wiegmann in Korea which were purchased at Namdaemoon Market of Seoul on October 1968 and May 1977. Cotylaspis coreensis differs from other members of the genus in relatively large size of pharynx, the number and distribution of vitelline follicles, size of testis, length of intestine and position of genital opening. Distribution of Cotylaspis sinensis was firstly recorded in Korea. Phyllodistomum parasiluri collected in this study was considered to be the first to recover from the reptilian host although the collected worms were still immatured. The genus Astiotrema collected in this study were divided into three species, A. reniferum which is hitherto unrecorded in Korea, A. odhneri which had been described as A. orientale, A. amydae and A. fukuii and another Astiotrema sp. which differs from the former two species in minor differences in size of suckers, size of ova and size of cirrus pouch. The distribution of Cephalogonimus japonicus was firstly recorded in Korea.
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Life-cycle and genetic characterization of Astiotrema odhneri Bhalerao, 1936 sensu Cho & Seo 1977 from the Primorsky Region (Russian Far East) V.V. Besprozvannykh, D.M. Atopkin, A.V. Ermolenko, A.V. Kharitonova, A.Yu. Khamatova Parasitology International.2015; 64(6): 533. CrossRef
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: A clinical trial of Korean Patent mebendazole was undertaken upon some intestinal helminthic infections in 288 rural Koreans residing in Pochun and Jinyang Gun, from November to December, 1976. They were examined by the cellophane thick smear technique, Stoll's egg counting technique and/or Scotch-tape anal swab before and 3 weeks after the treatment. The administered dose of mebendazole was 600 mg, divided by 100 mg, twice daily for 3 consecutive days disregarding the body weight and the age of the cases.
It was confirmed that mebendazole is very effective, broad-spectrum anthelmintic, especially against Ascaris, Ancylostoma, Trichostrongylus and Enterobius infections.
Their negative conversion rate and egg reduction rate were respectively; 94.0 and 99.6 per cent in Ascaris, 71.4 and 97.3 per cent in Ancylostoma and 95.0 and 100 per cent in Trichostrongylus. The negative conversion rate in Enterobius was 92.3 per cent. The anthelmintic efficacy against T.
trichiura infection was not satisfactory in spite of low worm burden (negative conversion rate, 27.3%, egg reduction rate, 65.5%).
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Albendazole and Mebendazole as Anti-Parasitic and Anti-Cancer Agents: an Update Jong-Yil Chai, Bong-Kwang Jung, Sung-Jong Hong The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2021; 59(3): 189. CrossRef
Epidemiology and control of ascariasis in Korea B S Seo The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1990; 28(Suppl): 49. CrossRef
Anthelmintic effects of bithionol, paromomycin sulphate, flubendazole and mebendazole on mature and immature Hymenolepis nana in mice Jun Maki, Toshio Yanagisawa Journal of Helminthology.1985; 59(3): 211. CrossRef
Efficacy of mebendazole in treatment and control of trichuriasis in Korea Byong Seol Seo, Soon Hong Lee, Jong Yil Chai, Sung Tae Hong, Sung Jong Hong The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1983; 21(1): 95. CrossRef
The detectability of helminth eggs from feces by cellophane thick smear technique Jong Yil Chai, Young Tae Yang, Soon Hyung Lee, Byong Seol Seo The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1982; 20(1): 14. CrossRef
Mebendazole and the development of Hymenolepis nana in mice Marie Novak, W.S. Evans International Journal for Parasitology.1981; 11(4): 277. CrossRef
Reduced single dose of mebendazole in treatment of Ascaris lumbricoides infection Byong Seol Seo, Seung Yull Cho, Jong Yil Chai The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1978; 16(1): 21. CrossRef
The present study was undertaken to determine whether an analysis of the collected worms after chemotherapy with pyrantel pamoate could be used as a method measuring the amount of reinfection of Ascaris lumbricoides in a given population. A total of 398 cases from two villages and one primary school were treated with pyrantel pamoate with dose of 10 mg/kg of body weight. The whole two-day stool specimens after treatment were examined. Out of 279 followed cases, 110 cases (39.4%) were found infected with A.
lumbricoides. A total of 527 worms were collected, they were in the range of 1.2 to 32.5 cm in length and 0.0004 to 7.424 gm in weight. The measurements were made on the specimens fixed with 10% formalin. The relationship between the number of worms per positive case(X) and the total weight of worms(Y) showed the positive linear regression; this was expressed by the equation, Y= 2.012X + 1.135 (Sy=4.84, r=0.92). From the above results, it seems that worms of small size may not be considered as a product of crowding effect in heavy infections. The relation between the weight(Y) and length(X) of collected A. lumbricoides was expressed as an equation, Log(e)Y=3.032 log(e)X-8.2903(S.E.
of reg. coeff.= 0.040, r=0.957). In the intestinal phase of development, the first increase of the length of the worm, up to 10-12 cm was observed and this followed by the well marked increase of weight from 13 cm upto 32.5 cm in the sexually maturing phase. A total of 285 schoolchildren were treated by pyrantel pamoate, 10 mg/kg of body weight three times each in two months interval. After the second and third treatment, thirteen and fifty-four worms were collected respectively. They were measured in length and weight and were all in the range of 1.2 to 13.2 cm in length and 0.0006 to 0.436 gm in weight except 3 fully matured adults. It is assumed that these young worms, defined as those less than 0.5 gm in weight and less than 13 cm in length should be regarded as those having reinfected during the previous two months period. From this observation, it was possible to calculate the reinfected number of young worms. Therefore, it is suggested that the average number of Ascaris per month per person means the reinfection amount in a certain period of time in an endemic area of A.
lumbricoides. In other words, reinfection amount may be expressed by the calculated figure of young worms reinfected in a certain period of time in a population.
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In order to determine the intensity of infection with the encysted larvae of Metagonimus yokogawai among Plecoglossus altivelis, sweetfish, caught at the rivers in Kyungpook Province, Korea were examined in the period from July to October, 1976. The data were compared with the results obtained from Tribolodon hakonensis, the sea-run dace, caught at the river Hyungsan in the Province. A total of 128 Plecoglossus altivelis were examined. All the fish were infected with the metacercaria of Metagonimus yokogawai. The metacercarial rate for the fluke in the flesh was higher than the rates in the fins and scales. The average number of larvae per sweetfish was 4,333, compared with the average of 1,541 from the sea-run dace. It was found that the highest number of encysted larvae was found in the flesh of sweetfish, whereas it was encountered on the scales of sea-run dace. In the distribution pattern of the cysts, there was no relationship between the size of fish and the intensity of infection.
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The distribution of glycogen, polysaccharide, mucopolysaccharide, lipid and nucleic acid has been studied in Echinorhynchus gadi(Acanthocephala). The results were summarized as follows: Glycogen and polysaccharide was demonstrated by Bauer PAS reaction technique and was found in fertilization membrane in ovum, central nuclear mass in acanthor and lemnisci, hypodermis in cystacanth.
Mucopolysaccharide was demonstrated by Mowry alcian blue staining technique and was found in outer membrane, fibrillar coat, fertilization membrane and inner membrane in acanthocephalan ova. Lipid was demonstrated by Smith Nile blue stain and Lison Sudan black B staining technique and was found roughly parallel to that of polysaccharide.
Nucleic acid was demonstrated by Rosenbeck Feulgen reaction, Taft methylgreen-pyronin stain and Diengdoh acridine orange staining technique and found in central nuclear mass in acanthor, also, was found in lemnisci, proboscis and hypodermis in cystacanth.
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The present study was undertaken to observe the quality and quantity of lipid constituents by the developing Ascaris suum eggs. The collected eggs from the uterus of A. suum were classified into 3 groups, i.e., single cell stage, morula stage and embryonated eggs, and were subjected to analyse their lipid fractions. To obtain the morula stage eggs, 10 to 11 incubation days at 30 degree C were needed and for the embryonated eggs, 30 to 31 days were lasted. At the time of experiment, their indices of development by Hoffman were 285(morula stage) and 42 (embryonated stage) respectively. Lipid extraction was done by the methods of Folch et a1. (1957) and Kenny (1952), and then the extracted lipid fractions from the above 3 groups of eggs were separated by thin layer chromatography. Those fractions were also subjected to perform the quantitative analyses of fatty acids, glycerides, cholesterol and phospholipids. The results obtained were summarized as follows. Total amount of fatty acid was decreased from 12.9 mg per gram of eggs (single cell stage) to 6.6 mg/gm (embryonated eggs), whereas the proportion of free fatty acid to total fatty acid was constantly increased from 77.5 percent to 89.4 percent during the period of egg development. Total amount of glycerides was also increased from 33.0 mg/gm of single cell stage to 55.9 mg/gm of the embryonated eggs. The most abundant glyceride among 3 glycerides discovered from A.
suum eggs was triglyceride, and the least was monoglyceride.
The amount of free cholesterol was much larger than that of ester form in general, and it reached maximum in the eggs of morula stage (4.6 mg/gm). The increase of total cholesterol was monitored during the development of A. suum eggs from 3.3 mg/gm to 5.4 mg/gm. The following 8 phospholipids were detected in the embryonated eggs, i.e., lysophosphatidyl choline, phosphatidyl inositol, sphingomyelin, phosphatidyl choline, phosphatidyl glycerol, phosphatidyl serine, phosphatidyl ethanolamine and unknown phospholipid. But in the single cell stage eggs, 4 kinds out of the above 8 phopholipids were not observed, and in the morula stage eggs, 2 kinds were absent among the 8 phospholipids.
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