Acarid mites were isolated from samples collected in Seoul during the period of October 1975 to August 1978. Samples consisted of stored foods such as rice, flour, sugar, dried fishes, dusts of houses and freight offices. The identified mites were classified into 12 species belonging to 12 genera, 5 families as following lists, of which 4 species (*) are newly recorded in Korea. Family Acaridae Ewing and Nesbitt, 1942: Tyrophagus putrescentiae (Schrank, 1781).
Acarus siro Linnaeus, 1758. Aleuroglyphus ovatus* Troupeau, 1879. Suidasia nesbitti Hughes, 1948. Rhizoglyphus echinopus (Fumouze and Robin, 1868). Caloglyphus berlesei (Michael, 1903). Lardoglyphus konoi (Sasa and Asanuma, 1951). Family Carpoglyphidae Oudemans, 1972: Carpoglyphus lactis Linnaeus, 1927. Family Glyphagidae Berlese, 1887: Glycyphagus destructor (Schrank, 1781). Gohieria fusca* (Oudemans, 1903). Family Chortoglyphidae Berlese, 1897: Chortoglyphus arcuatus* (Troupeau, 1879). Family Pyroglyphidae Cunliffe, 1958: Euroglyphus maynei* (Cooremant 1950).
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To observe the effect of various interval mass treatment on Ascaris ova and worm positive rates and worm burden per population, 2-month, 4-month, 6-month and 12-month interval schemes were designed and applied. All of inhabitants in nine villages of Hwasung Gun, Kyunggi Do, Korea were treated from April 1977 to May 1980. Each village consisted of 100-140 people, however, there had been 20-40 drop-outs in every treatment. Pyrantel pamoate was used in dose of 10 mg/kg. Evaluation of schemes was made by examinations both for eggs and for expelled worms. The drop-outs in former treatment was included because they were few in munber. The reults obtained were summerized as follows: The pre-treatment infection status of A. lumbricoides was not significantly different between Groups; 32.5-42.2% and 33.8-46.2% in egg and worm positive rates respectively. The mean worm burdens were in range, 1.6-4.2 per infected and 0.61-1.42 per population. Twelve-month interval treatment was by no means meaningful to be adopted as a strategy of Ascaris control because egg and worm positive rates and worm burden were returned to pretreatment level. The shorter the treatment interval was, the lower the egg/worm positive rates and worm burden were. By repeating biannual, triannual and six-times-in-a-year treatments, the indices of prevalence showed the tendency of further lowering during later 2 years of follow-up. If the mass chemotherapy is adopted as a method of controlling ascariasis in a community, it should be repeated more than two times in a year to expect the gradual lowering of reinfection.
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Ascariasis: indiscriminate or selective mass chemotherapy?
Community control of Ascaris lumbricoides in rural Oyo State, Nigeria: mass, targeted and selective treatment with levamisole S. O. Asaolu, C. V. Holland, D. W. T. Crompton Parasitology.1991; 103(2): 291. CrossRef
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Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences.1990; 330(1257): 191. CrossRef
The epidemiology of Ascaris lumbricoides and other soil-transmitted helminths in primary school children from Ile-Ife, Nigeria Celia V. Holland, S. O. Asaolu, D. W. T. Crompton, R. C. Stoddart, R. Macdonald, S. E. A. Torimiro Parasitology.1989; 99(2): 275. CrossRef
The prevalence of Ascariasis D.W.T. Crompton Parasitology Today.1988; 4(6): 162. CrossRef
The importance of host age and sex to patterns of reinfection with Ascaris lumbricoides following mass anthelmintic treatment in a South Indian fishing community D. B. Elkins, Melissa Haswell-Elkins, R. M. Anderson Parasitology.1988; 96(1): 171. CrossRef
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The epidemiology and control of intestinal helminths in the Pulicat Lake region of Southern India. I. Study design and pre- and post-treatment observations on Ascaris lumbricoides infection D.B. Elkins, M. Haswell-Elkins, R.M. Anderson Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.1986; 80(5): 774. CrossRef
The population dynamics and epidemiology of intestinal nematode infections Roy M. Anderson Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.1986; 80(5): 686. CrossRef
Community control of helminth infections of man by mass and selective chemotherapy R. M. Anderson, G. F. Medley Parasitology.1985; 90(4): 629. CrossRef
Epidemiological studies on Ascaris lumbricoides reinfection in rural communities in Korea 1. The relationship between prevalence and monthly reinfection rate Jong Yil Chai The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1983; 21(2): 135. CrossRef
Effect of two-month interval mass chemotherapy on the reinfection of Ascaris lumbricoides in Korea Byong seol Seo, Jong Yil Chai The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1980; 18(2): 153. CrossRef
Chronologic growth pattern of Ascaris lumbrioides Byong Seol Seo, Jong Yil Chai The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1980; 18(2): 164. CrossRef
Atrial to control reinfection cycle of Ascaris lumbricoides was made in a rural village in Korea by blocking the process of new egg production. Chemotherapy with pyrantel pamoate was repeated bimonthly in three hamlet groups, each consisted of 105~149 inhabitants of whole age group. In one hamlet (2.5 mg/kg dose) blanket mass treatment was repeated for 18 times from June 1977 to May 1980. In other two, 5.0 mg and 10.0 mg/kg dose groups, treatment was undertaken for 10 times from June 1977 until December 1987 and later reinfection patten was observed. Follow-up examination was made by whole-day stool collection for 2 days from each case after every treatment. The samples were examined both for eggs and worms, adult and immature young, of A.
lumbricoides. The results obtained are summarized as follows: The pre-treatment egg positive rate in Group A, B and C was 48.1, 45.3 an 37.8% respectively. The lowest dose of pyrantel pamoate, 2.5 mg/kg was equally effective as higher doses in case of repeated use for reinfection control. Among 4,311 pyrantel treatments, only 8 cases complained of side effects such as abdominal pain and diarrhea. When the blanket mass chemotherapy was continued 18 times in Group A, all of the examined inhabitants were free from reinfection and egg production from 28th month (the 15th treatment) until the end of study period, for 8 months. When the mass chemotherapy was stopped after 10 times, the egg positive rate returned gradually up to half of pre-treatment level within one year. From the analysis of total 124 positive cases during the course of follow-up, it was revealed that the mass chemotherapy with 2-month interval was successful for the suppression of fertilized egg production. However, social factors such as infected immigrants or absentees were inevitably encountered and involved in the fertilized egg production. Summarizing the results, at least 28-30 months were needed to eradicate A.
lumbricoides in the subjected area of Korea, by repeated blanket mass treatment bimonthly with a quarter dose of pyrantel pamoate. Furthermore, to lessen the social factors as a source of later reinfetion, the project area of control programme should be extended as wide as possible.
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What was the main factor in successful control of ascariasis in Korea? Seung-Yull Cho, Sung-Tae Hong Parasites, Hosts and Diseases.2023; 61(2): 103. CrossRef
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Epidemiology and control of ascariasis in Korea B S Seo The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1990; 28(Suppl): 49. CrossRef
The epidemiology of Ascaris lumbricoides and other soil-transmitted helminths in primary school children from Ile-Ife, Nigeria Celia V. Holland, S. O. Asaolu, D. W. T. Crompton, R. C. Stoddart, R. Macdonald, S. E. A. Torimiro Parasitology.1989; 99(2): 275. CrossRef
Community control of helminth infections of man by mass and selective chemotherapy R. M. Anderson, G. F. Medley Parasitology.1985; 90(4): 629. CrossRef
Epidemiological studies on Ascaris lumbricoides reinfection in rural communities in Korea II. Age-specific reinfection rates and familial aggregation of the reinfected cases Jong Yil Chai, Byong Seol Seo, Soon Hyung Lee, Seung Yull Cho The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1983; 21(2): 142. CrossRef
Epidemiological studies on Ascaris lumbricoides reinfection in rural communities in Korea 1. The relationship between prevalence and monthly reinfection rate Jong Yil Chai The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1983; 21(2): 135. CrossRef
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Fluctuation of the egg production amounts according to worm burden and length of Ascaris lumbricoides Jong Yil Chai, Sung Tae Hong, Soon Hyung Lee, Byong Seol Seo The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1981; 19(1): 38. CrossRef
Comparative efficacy of interval mass treatment on Ascaris lumbricoides infection in Korea Byong Seo Seo, Seung Yull Cho, Jong Yil Chai, Sung Tae Hong The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1980; 18(2): 145. CrossRef
The chronologic growth patten of Ascaris lumbricoides was made by the maximum length of worms collected from inhabitants after mass chemotherapy with pyrantel pamoate by various interval; 2-month, 4-month, 6-month an 12-month. The results obtained were summarized as follows: When the collected 497 worms were plotted on weight/length chart by treatment interval, there was always size limitation in each group, permitting the idea of maximal growth in a given period of infection. The maximum lengths in each interval treatment, 2, 4, 6 and 12-month were; 12.5, 16.4 , 19.2 and 22.8 cm in male and 14.2, 22.0, 26.2 and 30.8 cm in female respectively. The maximum growth curves were expressed by the equations; Y=9.212 In(X+1)+0.025 in male and Y=11.953 In(X+1)+0.025 in female when X is age in month and Y is length in cm. It was revealed that female grew more rapidly than male. The growth of length was rapid in initial 2~3 months and weigth gain was rapid in later than 2~3 months.
The weight seems better than length as an indicator of aging.
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What was the main factor in successful control of ascariasis in Korea? Seung-Yull Cho, Sung-Tae Hong Parasites, Hosts and Diseases.2023; 61(2): 103. CrossRef
Trickle or clumped infection process? An analysis of aggregation in the weights of the parasitic roundworm of humans, Ascaris lumbricoides Martin Walker, Andrew Hall, María-Gloria Basáñez International Journal for Parasitology.2010; 40(12): 1373. CrossRef
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The rate of ingestion of Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura eggs in soil and its relationship to infection in two children's homes in Jamaica M.S. Wong, D.A.P. Bundy, M.H.N. Golden Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.1991; 85(1): 89. CrossRef
Epidemiology and control of ascariasis in Korea B S Seo The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1990; 28(Suppl): 49. CrossRef
The population dynamics and epidemiology of intestinal nematode infections Roy M. Anderson Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.1986; 80(5): 686. CrossRef
The epidemiology and control of intestinal helminths in the Pulicat Lake region of Southern India. I. Study design and pre- and post-treatment observations on Ascaris lumbricoides infection D.B. Elkins, M. Haswell-Elkins, R.M. Anderson Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.1986; 80(5): 774. CrossRef
Epidemiological studies on Ascaris lumbricoides reinfection in rural communities in Korea 1. The relationship between prevalence and monthly reinfection rate Jong Yil Chai The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1983; 21(2): 135. CrossRef
Effect of two-month interval mass chemotherapy on the reinfection of Ascaris lumbricoides in Korea Byong seol Seo, Jong Yil Chai The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1980; 18(2): 153. CrossRef
With a purpose to find out natural transition of endemicity of Malayan filariasis in inland Korea, a survey was conducted in June 1980 in Isan-Myeon of Yongpung-Gun (former Yongju-Gun) where an epidemiological investigation had been carried out in 1973 without any control activities such as chemotherapy. Five sample villages were surveyed for microfilaremia by 20 microliter night blood examination among inhabitants and the results of the surveys conducted in 1973 and 1980 were compared to determine natural transition of the endemicity of malayan filariasis during the period of the last 7 years. The current microfilaria rate among inhabitants in the 5 villages was 2.2 percent on the average (male: 1.6 percent, female: 2.8 percent) from 370 persons examined. By village, the rates were 5.9 percent (number of persons examined: 34) in Baranggol, 0 percent (30) in Guitonggl, 4.2 percent (72) in Alseonggol, 0 percent(65) in Jangjagol and 1.8 percent (169) in Saehae.
Extremely low microfilaria rate was noted in young age groups. By age group, no positive case was found in those age groups below 30-39 years except 10-14 age group in which 2 positives (4.4 percent) were found. Two positives each were found in the respective age groups of 40-49(3.2 percent), 50-59 (4.4 percent) and over 60 (3.4 percent). In evaluation of the natural transition of the endemicity during the period of the last 7 years, the microfilaria rate turned out from 13.1 percent in 1973 to 2.2 percent in 1980.
The difference in the microfilaria rate was 10.9 percent and the natural reduction rate per year was 1.6 percent on the average. From the examination of 35 cases which had revealed microfilaremia 7 years ago, 85.7 percent(30) of them were found to have converted to microfilaria negatives. On the other hand, from the 151 cases which had revealed no microfilaria in 1973, only 0.7 percent (1) of them was found to have converted to microfilaria positive. In the intensity of microfilaremia, the number of microfilaria/20 microliter blood per positive case was 11.0 in 1973 and 9.1 in 1980.
The number of microfilaria/20 microliter per examinee was 1.4 in 1973 and 0.2 in 1980, thus reduced to 1/7 during the period of the 7 years. The retarding endemicity of malayan filariasis in inland Korea was considered to be resulted in by the gradual increase of environmental factors in relation to ecology of vector mosquitoes, which adversely affect to the transmission of malayan filariasis. Followings are suggested to be the factors which control the transmission of the malayan filariasis in this area: Inhabitants are the only natural final host of Brugia malayi infection in this area, gradual elevation of living standards of the inhabitants, gradual awakening of consciousness and behavior among inhabitants to protect themselves from mosquito biting using such as mosquito nets and insecticide sprays, preference of animal bait of vector mosquitoes, Anopheles sinensis, increase in number of domestic animals and fowls being raised in the village areas which play a major part of blood donors to vector mosquitoes, and relatively short (3-4 months) period of mosquito season in a year.
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The epidermal mucous substances of C. carassius which were extracted by ether were separated into various spots on the silica gel thin layer chromatography and separated into various fractions in the silica gel column chromatography, using petroleum ether (30 percent) and chloroform(70 percent) as a solvent. The wormicidal effects of the spots and the fractions on the cercaria, the liberating metacercaria and the adult of C. sinensis, were observed by month giving attention to ambient water temperature. Among the four spots of the thin 1ayer chromatography of the ether extracts from C. carassius, the uppermost first spots (Rf.
0.924-0965) had a strong wormicidal effect on the cercaria in May, June, July, August and September, and the cercaria which came in contact with the materials was killed in 29-49 min., but in other months (Rf. 0.612-0.752) it was killed only after 50-115 min. In column chromatography of ether extracts from C. carassius, the first fractions which had a wormicidal effect killed the metacercariae within 38-163 min. in May, June, July, August, and September, but it took about 120-458 min. to kill them in other months, meanwhile the wormicidal time of the fractions on the adults was 445-835 min. in May, June, July, August and September, but was 878-2,130 min. in other months. The Rf. value of the uppermost first spot of the thin layer chromatography of ether extrart from the mucous substance of C. carassius which was reared in the aquarium controlled at 23 C was 0.79, and its first fraction of column chromatography killed the metacercaria and the adult of C. sinensis within 315, and 1,850 min. respectively. As summarized above, the wormicidal materials of the epidermal mucous substances of C. carassius had no relation to ambient water temperature, but the secretion period of this wormicidal materials was the same as the liberating period of the cercariae from Parafossarulus manchouricus.
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Seasonal Effects on Clonorchicidal Substances from Epidermal Mucus of Cyprinus carpio, Ophicephalus argus and Parasilurus asotus JK Rhee, SB Lee, BK Baek The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1984; 22(1): 135. CrossRef
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Experimental Infection of Clonorchis sinensis to Cyprinus carpio nudus Jae Ku Rhee, Pyung Gil Kim, Byeong Kirl Baek, Sang Bork Lee, Byung Zun Ahn The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1983; 21(1): 11. CrossRef
The wormicidal substance of fresh water fishes on Clonorchis sinensis IV. Preliminary research on the wormicidal substance from mucus of Cyprinus carpio nudus Jae Ku Rhee, Pyung Gil Kim, Byeong Kirl Baek, Sang Bork Lee, Byung Zun Ahn The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1983; 21(1): 21. CrossRef
The present study was undertaken to evaluate in vitro activities of following drugs against adult worms of Clororchis sinensis: i.e., stibnal, chloroquine diphosphate, Hetol (1,4-bis-trichloromethylbenzol), dehydroemetine 'Roche' (Ro 1-9334), niridazole (Ambilhar), bisbendazole, gentian violet, dithiazanine iodide, hexachlorophene, bithionol, niclofolan (Bilevon, Bayer 9015) and praziquantel (Embay 8440, Biltricide). After isolation from bile ducts of experimentally infected rabbits (3 months infection), the parasites were rinsed in sterilized Tyrode's solution and incubated for 24 hours at 37 C in TC 199 medium with Earle's balanced salt solution containing 0, 0.01, 0.1, 1.0, 10 and 100 microgram/ml concentrations of each above drugs. The activities of each concentrations with each drugs were evaluated by the motility of the worms in culture tubes observing at 15, 30, 60 minutes and 2, 4, 6, 12, 18 and 24 hours by stereomicroscope. In the results, no effect was found at the adult worms of C. sinensis in all concentrations with stibnal, chloroquine diphosphate, Hetol, dehydroemetine, niridazole and bisbendazole. However, moderate activities were observed in the concentrations of 1.0 and 0.1 microgram/ml of gentian violet, dithiazanine iodide, hexachlorophene and bithionol. The highest activities were observed in all concentrations of niclofolan and praziquantel.
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The present study was undertaken to observe the morphological changes of Clonorchis sinensis obtained from experimentally infected rats treated with praziquantel (Biltricide) which is a new anthelmintic agent with high activity against a broad spectrum of cestode and trematode species. For this study, the rats were infected experimentally with about 50 metacercariae of C. sinensis and were given praziquantel a single dose of 600 mg per kg of body weight at 5 weeks after infection. The Clonorchis worms were isolated from the bile ducts of the rats which were autopsied on the 4th day after treatment. After isolation the parasites were observed their shape and motility in the medium of 37 C physiological saline solution, and then the fine structure of the tegument of C.
sinensis was studied by means of light, scanning and transmission electron microscope. The findings of the observation were compared with those of untreated parasites.
The results are as follows: All the isolated worms moved actively in the medium of physiological saline solution (37 C). A majority of the parasites obtained from the treated rats showed a large balloon shaped structure on the surface between oral and ventral suckers. But such structure has never seen in the parasites obtained from control rats. By the scanning electron microscopic observation, the regular pattern of the tegumental ridges was significantly changed on the outer surfaces of parasites obtained from the treated rats as compared with those of the control rats. By the transmission electron microscopic observation, the numerous mitochondriae in the syncytial tegumental layer of the treated parasites appeared to be degenerated and formed small vacuoles, and the tegumental ridges were also degenerated and showed somewhat flattened. In the parasites obtained from the treated rats, a different size of vacuoles interspersed in the distal part of the syncytial tegument and also in subepithelial region of the urinary bladder.
These vacuoles are fused each other and lead to the disruption of the apical region of syncytial tegument along the basement layer. Finally the basement layer was dislocated. So that the tegumental layer appeared as a large balloon.
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In order to determine the epidemiological patten of the liver fluke, Clonorchis sinensis, the locality where the snail, Parafossarulus manchouricus, is abundant, the infestation rates for the cercarial and metacercarial larvae of digenetic trematodes in the snail and fish hosts, and the prevalence of Clonorchis sinensis among the residents in the vicinity of river Taewha, Kyungnam Province, Korea were studied from March 1979 to September 1980. Four snail habitats were found in the river Taewha. The population density of the snail per square meter of the habits ranged from 10 to 500, with an average of 150. Among the 4 snail habitats, three, Baek-cheon, Sa-yeon and Taewha had snails infected with the cercaria of Clonorchis sinensis, and the proportion of infested snails in the three habitats was very low, the average being 0.59 per thousand. Four species of fresh-water fish, the bullhead, Coreobagrus brevicorpus, the Korean shiner, Gnathopogon atromaculatus, the flat bitterling, Paracheilognathus rhombea, and the striped shiner, Pungtungia herzi among ten species of fish examined harbored the metacercaria of Clonorchis sinensis. The intensity of infestation with the cyst of Clonorchis sinensis in the four species of fish was low. The approximate number of the cysts per gram of flesh was between 3.5 in Paracheilognathus rhombea and 21.5 in Gnathopogon atromaculatus. Seven kinds of laval tremathodes, Clonorchis sinensis, Cyathocotyle orientalis, Echinochasmus species, Exorchis oviformis, Metacercaria hasegawai, Metagonimus yokogawai and Metorchis orientalis were found from ten species of fish examined. In general, the infestation rates for the encysted larvae of digenetic trematodes varied from fish to fish. The infection rate for Clonorchis sinensis among the residents in the vicinity of river Taewha was relatively high, 22.2 percent by the formalin-ether sedimentation technique, and the difference in the rate of infection between males and females found to be siginificant(t>2). Of these, the rate was 12.4 per cent in 483 elementary school children and 17.7 percent in 761 middle and high school students. The results obtained in the present study indicate that endemic foci of Clonorchis sinensis exist in the river Taewha and the prevalence of the liver fluke among the residents is still high.
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Prevalence ofClonorchis sinensisMetacercariae in Freshwater Fish from Three Latitudinal Regions of the Korean Peninsula Shin-Hyeong Cho, Woon-Mok Sohn, Byoung-Kuk Na, Tong-Soo Kim, Yoon Kong, Keeseon Eom, Won-Seok Seok, Taejoon Lee The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2011; 49(4): 385. CrossRef
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Fish-borne Zoonotic Trematode Metacercariae in the Republic of Korea Woon-Mok Sohn The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2009; 47(Suppl): S103. CrossRef
Trichomonas vaginalis and trichomoniasis in the Republic of Korea Jae-Sook Ryu, Duk-Young Min The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2006; 44(2): 101. CrossRef
A Bile Based Study of Clonorchis sinensis Infections in Patients with Biliary Tract Diseases in Ulsan, Korea Kwang Ro Joo, Sung-Jo Bang Yonsei Medical Journal.2005; 46(6): 794. CrossRef
Changing patterns of Clonorchis sinensis infections in Kyongbuk, Korea C Y Joo, M S Chung, S J Kim, C M Kang The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1997; 35(3): 155. CrossRef
The infestation states and changing patterns of human infecting metacercariae in freshwater fish in Kyongsang-do and Kyonggi-do, Korea H J Rim, K H Kim, K H Joo, S J Kim, K S Eom, M S Chung The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1996; 34(2): 95. CrossRef
Epidemiological studies of digenetic trematodes in Yongyang County, Kyungpook Province D I Chung, Y I Kim, K R Lee, D W Choi The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1991; 29(4): 325. CrossRef
Detection of IgG and IgM antibodies with ELISA technique in human trichomoniasis M R Yi, M H Shin, M H Leem, J S Ryu, M H Ahn, D Y Min The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1990; 28(1): 25. CrossRef
Changing patterns of infection with digenetic larval trematodes from fresh-water fish in river Taewha, Kyongnam province Chong Yoon Joo The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1988; 26(4): 263. CrossRef
Infestation of larval trematodes from fresh-water fish and brackish-water fish in River Hyungsan, Kyungpook Province, Korea Chong Yoon Joo The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1984; 22(1): 78. CrossRef
Infestation with larval trematodes from fresh-water fish in natural and fish breeding ponds Jong Hwan Kim, Dong Wik Choi The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1981; 19(2): 157. CrossRef
This study was undertaken to elucidate the status of Metagonimus species infection and to demonstrate the first and the second intermediate hosts of the fluke at the several localities along the Gum river, Chungchung-nam Do, Korea from March 1979 to October 1980. The results are summarized as follows: Total 790 stool specimens of inhabitants from 6 localities along Gum river were examined by the combination of cellophane thick smear technique and formalin-ether concentration technique. The positive rate of intestinal helminths was 80.3 percent, and the egg positive rate of Metagonimus sp. was 21 percent from a total of 790 specimens examined. In the age bracket of 20-49, the positive rates of Metagonimus sp. were 31.1-36.5 percent, and the males (26.8 percent) were infected three times higher than females (8.9 percent). By the area of the river, Gumsan which is located upper stream showed the highest positive rate (40.5 percent) of the fluke, whereas the rates decreased gradually toward upper part of river (Muju) or the descending lower area of the river. The most lower area of river (Gangkyeong and Nonsan), no positive Metagonimus infection case was found. The infection rate of Clonorchis sinensis in 790 was 37.3 percent, and the status of mixed infection of Metagonimus with C. sinensis was found 127 cases (76 percent) out of 166 cases with Metagonimus infection. The result of measurement of ova from 166 cases of Metagonimus infection, large ova were found in 41.1 percent, small size ova in 31.9 percent and the mixed type in 27.1 percent, respectively. The adult worms were recovered from the 6 cases after treatment with niclosamide, and the measurements of the worms showed similar morphological characteristics of the Metagonimus yokogawai.
Twenty-two species in 5 families of fresh water fish were caught. Out of 22 species of fish, 18 species were found infected with metacercaria of Metagonimus. In order to observe the distribution of metacercariae in the body and the rate of infection of the individual host, a total of 94 Pseudogobio esocinus were examined. Total 84 (89.4 percent) out of 94 fish were infected with the metacercariae and the rates of distribution of the metacercaria were observed in the following order: on scale; 93.4 percent, in gill; 3.2 percent, head part; 2.9 percent, but a few metacercaria was found in muscle and visceral organs. The development of the metacercariae which were isolated from the scale of Pseudogobio esocinus were experimentally traced in the albino rat host from one day to 30 days after infection. At the 6th day, several eggs were visible in the uterine tubule of the some worms, on the 10th day, worms became 326.0 x 208.0 micrometer in size, however the bodies of worms grew no more until the 30th day after infection. The oral sucker was larger in size than the ventral sucker during early stage of the worms, but the 7th day after infection, it reversed. The ventral sucker situated on the ventral right side of the body. Right side of testis laid somewhat toward, and uterus and vetellaria extended to the posterior margin of the right testis. Snails(Koreanomelania nodifila var.
ovulum) were collected in the river, Buri-Myeon, Gumsan-Gun, and found the natural emerging ophthalmo-pleurophocercus cercaria. From the above result, the prevalence of Metagonimus species infection showed relatively higher rates from the inhabitants along the middle to upper localities of the river. Even though no sweetfish was caught in the surveyed areas, Gum river basin is the one of the new endemic foci of metagonimiasis in Korea.
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An epidemiological study of metagonimiasis along the upper reaches of the Namhan River J Y Chai, S Huh, J R Yu, J Kook, K C Jung, E C Park, W M Sohn, S T Hong, S H Lee The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1993; 31(2): 99. CrossRef
Intestinal flukes of genus Metagonimus and their second intermediate hosts in Kangwon-do Y K Ahn The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1993; 31(4): 331. CrossRef
Epidemiological studies of digenetic trematodes in Yongyang County, Kyungpook Province D I Chung, Y I Kim, K R Lee, D W Choi The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1991; 29(4): 325. CrossRef
Three morphological types of the genus Metagonimus encysted in the dace, Tribolodon taczanowskii, caught from the Sumjin River J Y Chai, W M Sohn, M H Kim, S T Hong, S H Lee The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1991; 29(3): 217. CrossRef
Trematode infections in the small intestine of Egretta alba modesta in Kangwon-do Y S Ryang, Y K Ahn, M B Yoon The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1991; 29(3): 227. CrossRef
Epidemiological studies on Metagonimus infection along the Hongcheon river, Kangwon province Yung Kyum Ahn, Yong Suk Ryang The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1988; 26(3): 207. CrossRef
Studies on the Metagonimus fluke in the Daecheong reservoir and the upper stream of Geum river, Korea Chong Hwan Kim, Nam Man Kim, Chan Hyun Lee, Jin Suk Park The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1987; 25(1): 69. CrossRef
Studies on the intestinal fluke, Metagonimus yokogawai Katsurada, 1912 in Korea Geographical distribution of sweetfish and infection status with Metagonimus metacercaria in south-eastern area of Korea Chul Yong Song, Soon Hyung Lee, Sang Rin Jeon The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1985; 23(1): 123. CrossRef
Epidemiological studies on Metagonimus yokogawai infection in Samcheok-gun, Kangwon-do, Korea Yung Kyum Ahn The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1984; 22(2): 161. CrossRef
Survey on encysted cercaria of trematodes from fresh-water fishes in Tongjin riverside areas in Korea Jae Ku Rhee, Moon Ho Rim, Byeong Kirl Baek, Ho Il Lee The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1984; 22(2): 190. CrossRef
Study on Metagonimus yokogawai(Katsurada, 1912) in Korea VII. Electron microscopic observation on the tegumental structure Soon Hyung Lee, Byong Seol Seo, Jong Yil Chai, Sung Jong Hong The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1984; 22(1): 1. CrossRef
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Helminthes infections in the small intestine of stray dogs in Ejungbu City, Kyunggi Do, Kerea Seung Yull Cho, Shin Yong Kang, Yong Suk Ryang The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1981; 19(1): 55. CrossRef
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This survey was undertaken to determine the recent prevalence of lung fluke, Paragonimus westermani, in the three localities of Wiseong county, Kyungpook Province, Korea and to compare the prevalence among the residents in the same areas between 1924 and 1980. The three localities, Ku-seong, Sam-chun, and Um-ji villages (dong) have been known as the endemic areas of Paragonimus westermani. The surveys were made on the general population. They were examined using intradermal test with Paragonimus westermani antigen, and the diagnosis of paragonimiasis was made depending on the positive intradermal reaction. The sputum examination could not be performed beacause the residents were inaccessible. The prevalence of Paragonimus westermani among the residents in the three communities varied from 1.4 percent to 7.9 per cent, with an average of 4.0 per cent.
Whereas, the average reported by Ichinomiya in 1924 was 4.7 percent. There are no significant differences in the sex and age specific rates of infection between 1924 and 1980. With the abundant density of Semisulcospira snails and crayfish in Sam-chun stream and the high rate of infection with Paragonimus westermani among the residents in the village, it is found that Sam-chun village, one of the three localitied in Wiseong county, where Ichinomiya (1924) surveyed, was still the endemic focus of Paragonimus westermani.
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Paragonimus and paragonimiasis in Korea D W Choi The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1990; 28(Suppl): 79. CrossRef
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Infestation status of Paragonimus westermani metacercariae in the second intermediate host in Ulchin county, Kyungpook Province Young Ae Hong, Chong Yoon Joo, Young Sik Pyun The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1986; 24(2): 194. CrossRef
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The present study was undertaken to evaluate the prevalence rate of Taenia spp. infection and distribution of taeniasis caused by T. solium among Koreans in several localities in Korea during the period from 1977 to 1980. A total of 1,946 stool specimens collected from students and inhabitants of Chungcheong Bug Do and Gyeongsang Nam Do were examined by cellophane thick smear method. Among them, 40 persons were detected as Taenia egg positive cases. The overall positive rate of Taenia spp. shows 2.1 percent. The prevalence rate of male (2.3 percent) is relatively higher than that of female (1.4 percent). In order to observe the distribution of Taenia solium infection, the whole worms or a part of proglottids of Taenia spp. were collected from the stools of egg positive cases by normal defecation or anthelmintic treatment. For the species identification, expelled proglottids were examined microscopically by the number of branches of the uterus, presence of a vaginal sphincter or the accessory ovarian lobe etc. Among 199 egg detected cases in this study 59 (39.1 percent) out of 151 cases in Seoul, 12(40.0 percent) of 30 cases in Gyeongsang Nam Do and 2 (25.0 percent) from 8 taeniasis cases in Cheju Do were infected with T. solium. But none of T. solium infection was found from 10 egg positive cases in Chungcheong Bug Do. As a whole, the composition of species shows 36.7 per cent of T.
solium infection and 55.8 percent of T. saginata infection, and in 7.5 per cent the species were not identified.
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Human Taeniasis in the Republic of Korea: Hidden or Gone? Jong-Yil Chai The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2013; 51(1): 9. CrossRef
Pig as a Favorable Animal for Taenia Saginata Asiatica Infection Ping‐Chin Fan, Win‐Cheng Chung, Chung‐Yung Lin, Chin‐Cheng Wu The Kaohsiung Journal of Medical Sciences.2006; 22(1): 1. CrossRef
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Experimental studies of Korea Taenia (Cheju strain) infection in domestic animals P. C. Fan, C. Y. Lin, C. C. Wu, W. C. Chung, C. T. Soh Annals of Tropical Medicine & Parasitology.1989; 83(4): 395. CrossRef
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School children between 6 to 12 years of age were studied for the presence of Entamoeba histolytica cysts in a period of 6 months, form March to August 1980. Fecal specimens collected form urban and rural children were examined first by the Lugol stained technique and then by the Faust's iron alum hematoxylin method. A total of 731 specimens were examined. Of these 26.9 per cent, 197 specimens, harbored the cysts. The demonstration rate for the cysts by age group varied from 19.6 to 43.5 per cent. The demonstration rate in boys was 24.4 per cent and in girls 29.8 per cent.
Similarily, the rate in urban and rural area was 32.4 and 24.1 per cent, respectively. It was found in the present study that there were no significant differences in the age and sex rates of demonstration between urban and rural children but there was a predominance of the small race of Entamoeba histolytica over the large race.
A study of Trichomonas vaginalis in Korean military personnel, based on the discovery of motile trophozoites by prostate culture and urine wet smear methods, has been carried out during the period from May, 1975 to October, 1977. In the Army General Hospital clinics, specimens of prostatec secretion and urine were provided by the in- and out-patients without any noticeable genito-urinary symptoms.
In a total of 977 specimens 33 cases were revealed positive for Trichomonas vaginalis. Of these, 23 cases were positive in both prostate culture and urine wet smear methods, 8 positive in the culture but negative in the wet smear, and 2 positive only in the wet smear. In comparing the demonstration rates for trichomonads by culture with those by smears, the former was more likely to give a positive result than the latter. The pattern of the incidence rate by age group was appreciably varied; 2.1 per cent in the 20-24 age group and 5.1 per cent from 25 to 29 and subsequently increased and reached a maximum of 5.7 per cent in the 40 and over age group. It was found that Trichomonas vaginalis in Korean military personnel is one of the important diseases with a high indicence, and that the eradication of this disease is possible with extensive public health education and the administration of specific therapeutic agents to patients with trichomoniasis.
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