In order to observe the growth and development of Fibricola seoulensis metacercariae, the tadpoles of Rana nigromagulata were experimentally infected with the cercariae. The metacercariae of various developmental stages were recovered from the tadpoles after 2 to 65 days of infection. They were prepared for morphological observation, and were given orally to mice to observe their infectivity. The following results were obtained. All of the tadpoles exposed to the cercariae were observed to harbour the larvae in their abdominal cavity. The young metacercariae of 2 days after infection were 121.1 micrometer long and 63.3 micrometer wide. They grow linearly for the first 14 days to be 262.0 micrometer long and 166.4 micrometer wide. Thereafter, no more growth recognized until 65 days. The larvae of 2 days old were similar with cercarial body and had 2 suckers, a pharynx, two ceca and a primordium of germ cells but no tribocytic organ. On the 8th day, they had tribocytic organ, and their morphology resembled that of mature metacercariae.
The metacercariae younger than 10 days could not infect the mice. Only the metacercariae older than 14 days had infectivity. The recovery rate increased by the age of metacercariae from 19.0% in 14 days old to 70.0% in 40 days old. Above findings indicate that the tadpole is indispensible for metacercarial development and it needs at least 2 weeks for maturation. The tadpole is a pivotal host in the life cycle of F. seoulensis for connection between the snail and the frog.
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Neodiplostomum cf. seoulense (Seo, Rim, Lee, 1964) sensu Pyo et al., 2014 (Trematoda: Diplostomidae Poirier, 1886): morphology, life cycle, and phylogenetic relationships A. V. Izrailskaia, V. V. Besprozvannykh Journal of Helminthology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Seasonal features of Heterophyopsis continua metacercariae in perches, Lateolabrax japonicus, and infectivity to the final host Sung-Jong Hong Parasitology Research.2012; 110(3): 1209. CrossRef
Apodemus agrarius as a new definitive host for Neodiplostomum seoulense Jong-Yil Chai, Jae-Hwan Park, Sang-Mee Guk, Jae-Lip Kim, Hyo-Jin Kim, Won-Hee Kim, Eun-Hee Shin, Terry A. Klein, Heung-Chul Kim, Sung-Tae Chong, Jin-Won Song, Luck-Ju Baek The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2007; 45(2): 157. CrossRef
Complement-mediated tail degradation of Neodiplostomum seoulense cercariae Yun-Kyu Park, Myung-Ki Hwang, Yun-Jung Jung The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2006; 44(2): 127. CrossRef
Host Specificity of Austropeplea ollula (Gastropoda: Lymnaeidae) to Miracidial Infection with a Human Intestinal Fluke Neodiplostomum seoulense (Trematoda: Diplostomatidae) in Korea P. R. Chung*, Y. Jung, Y. K. Park, M. G. Hwang Journal of Parasitology.2002; 88(3): 630. CrossRef
Growth and development of Metorchis orientalis in chicks and its adult morphology W M Sohn, J Y Chai, S H Lee The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1992; 30(4): 237. CrossRef
Trematode infections in the small intestine of Egretta alba modesta in Kangwon-do Y S Ryang, Y K Ahn, M B Yoon The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1991; 29(3): 227. CrossRef
Experimental life history of Echinostoma hortense S H Lee, S W Hwang, W M Sohn, W G Kho, S T Hong, J Y Chai The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1991; 29(2): 161. CrossRef
Experimental life history of Echinostoma cinetorchis S H Lee, J Y Chai, S T Hong, W M Sohn The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1990; 28(1): 39. CrossRef
Metacercariae of Echinostoma cinetorchis encysted in the fresh water snail, Hippeutis(Helicorbis) cantori, and their development in rats and mice Soon Hyung Lee, Joon Ky Lee, Woon Mok Sohn, Sung Tae Hong, Sung Jong Hong, Jong Yil Chai The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1988; 26(3): 189. CrossRef
The life cycle and larval development of Fibricola seoulensis (Trematoda: Diplostomatidae) Byong Seol Seo, Soon Hyung Lee, Jong Yil Chai, Sung Jong Hong, Sung Tae Hong The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1988; 26(3): 179. CrossRef
This study was carried out to reveal the effect of temperature, salinity and aeration on maturation and hatching of Fibricola seoulensis eggs. The eggs were incubated and were observed daily for the appearance of eyespots and hatching. The results were summerized as follows: From 4-5 days after incubation in distilled water at 28C or at 11-26C, the eyespots began to appear and the rate of eggs with eyespots were over 90% in 28C on the 7th or 8th day. However, eyespots did not appear in 5-15C or 4C by the 18th day. The mature eggs began to hatch at the 8th day, and hatching rate 2 weeks after incubation was over 90% at 28C, but it was below 5% at 11-26C, and 0% at 5-15C and 4C. Aeration did not influence the appearance of eyespots nor hatching. In saline under 0.6%, the rates of eyespots were over 90% on the 7th day. The rate was 55.0% in 0.9% at 20 days, and 0% in 1.2%. The hatching rates in salines below 0.3% concentration were over 90% by 14 days of incubation.
However, the rate decreased to 44% in 0.6% saline and to 0% over 0.9% salinity. The eggs incubated in the dark hatched in 12.5% on the 10th day, but hatching rate of maturation eggs increased to 85.7% within 2 hours after exposure to light. Above results demonstrated that the best temperature for maturation and hatching of F. seoulensis eggs was 28C, and the miracidia began to hatch at 8-9 days after incubation. In the field hatching and invasion into snails of the miracidia may occur from May to September in Korea.
In salines under 0.3 percent concentration maturation and hatching were not influenced, but as salinity increased hatching was inhibited more than maturation was.
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Host Specificity of Austropeplea ollula (Gastropoda: Lymnaeidae) to Miracidial Infection with a Human Intestinal Fluke Neodiplostomum seoulense (Trematoda: Diplostomatidae) in Korea P. R. Chung*, Y. Jung, Y. K. Park, M. G. Hwang Journal of Parasitology.2002; 88(3): 630. CrossRef
The life cycle and larval development of Fibricola seoulensis (Trematoda: Diplostomatidae) Byong Seol Seo, Soon Hyung Lee, Jong Yil Chai, Sung Jong Hong, Sung Tae Hong The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1988; 26(3): 179. CrossRef
Growth and development of Fibricola seoulensis metacercariae in tadpoles Soon Hyung Lee, Shon Moon Shin, Sung Tae Hong, Woon Mok Sohn, Jong Yil Chai, Byong Seol Seo The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1986; 24(2): 109. CrossRef
Recently there have been some reports on human infections of Echinostoma hortense in Korea. It was found that a few species of freshwater fishes were playing the role of the second intermediate host of E. hortense. However, molluscan intermediate host has not been identified yet in Korea. The present study aimed to establish the life cycle of E.
hortense in laboratory. Experimental studies such as egg production from the rat, development of the eggs in vitro, exposure of miracidia to freshwater snails, shedding pattern of cercariae from infected snails, morphology of cercariae, cercarial infection to the second intermediate host and infection of metacercariae to the difinitive hosts were done. In addition, epidemiological surveys on the infection status in inhabitants and house rats, and on the natural infection of larval echinostomes in the snails and fishes were carried out along the South Hangang-river. The results obtained were as follows: The eggs deposited from adults in physiological saline were cultivated at room temperature (20-24C). The miracidia were firstly observed on 8 days after cultivation, and 85.5 per cent of the eggs contained the mature miracidia on 11 days after cultivation. More than 90 per cent formed the miracidia when cultivated at temperature 22-27C. Hatching of the miracidia began on 12 days after cultivation and continued for a week. The size of the miracidia was 103.0 x 51.4 micrometer in average. The motility of miracidia were active up to 8 hours after shedding, but they were all dead within 10 hours after shedding. A freshwater snail, Radix auricularia coreana was cultivated in aquaria. A hatched F1 snails from the egg masses were exposed to 20 miracidia respectively. Escape of cercariae started on 15 days after infection. Radix auricularia coreana was experimentally identified as the first intermediate host of E. hortense in Korea. Cercarial shedding started on 15-20 days after infection by snail, continued for about 10 days (8.8 days in average). Infected snails were dead within 32 days after the miracidial infection. About 1,335 cercariae (328-1,994) per snail were shed in its life, and 119 cercariae in average per snail per day were shed. The cercariae were motile for more than 24 hours, and then squirming at the bottom until death. The body and tail sizes of cercariae were 356 x 186 micrometer and 510 x 68 micrometer in average, respectively. The rediae parasitized in the snail hosts were found mainly around the pericardial regions, and their size was 1,575 x 258 micrometer in average. The numbers of developing cercariae in a mature redia were 14 in average (7-20 in range). The numbers of rediae in a snail were 102 in average on 15 days after miracidial infection and 221 in average on 28 days.
Three uninfected Misgurnus anguillicaudatus, less than 6.5 cm long were used in for the cercaria1 infection. They were all exposed with 755 cercariae, and examined at 5-day intervals starting from 10 days after infection. All the fihes were infected with metacercariae of E. hortense and a total of 275 was found infected (36.4 per cent). The metacercariae were fed to rats and the adult worms were obtained on 15 days after infection. The infected rats began to deposit the eggs on 11 days after infection. The number of eggs deposited per day per worm (EPD/worm) was 400-500 on 3 weeks after infection and was increased to 1,000-1,500 on 4 to 17 weeks, then decreased to 800 on 2l weeks after infection. A total of 745 stool specimens collected from 576 male and 169 female residents of 8 different villages along South Hangang basin was examined. Out of 745 specimens, the eggs of Echinostoma sp. were found in 2 cases (0.3 per cent). Of 34 house rats one showed egg-positive (2.9 per cent). Total 971 Radix auricularia coreana collected from 7 sampling stations were examined for shedding of cercariae.
Three snails (0.3 per cent) shed the cercariae of E.
hortense. A total of 119 out of 542 freshwater fishes (22.0 per cent) had the metacercariae of E. hortense. The fishes parasitized with the metacercariae were 4 out of 14 examined species. The infection rate of 4 species were 34.1 per cent (106 out of 311) in Misgurnus anguillicaudatus, 30.4 per cent 7 out of 23) in Misgurnus mizolepis, 4.3 per cent (2 out of 46) in Moroco oxycephalus and 22.2 per cent (4 out of 18) in Odontobutis obscura interrupta. In summarizing the above results, the first intermediate host of E. hortense was found as Radix auricularia coreana in Korea. Also it took about 46 days for the shortest completion of a life cycle of E. hortense in summer; that is, 10 days for miracidial development in eggs, 15 days for cercarial development in the snail, about 10 days for metacercarial development in the second intermediate hosts, 11 days for the maturation as the adults in the definitive hosts. The natural infection rates of E. hortense in the intermediate hosts were relatively high but those in the definitive hosts were low in the middle areas of South Hangang basin.
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The Immunological Effects of Electrolyzed Reduced Water on the Echinostoma hortense Infection in C57BL/6 Mice Kyu Jae Lee, Dan Jin, Byung Soo Chang, Yung Chien Teng, Dong Heui Kim Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin.2009; 32(3): 456. CrossRef
Fish-borne Zoonotic Trematode Metacercariae in the Republic of Korea Woon-Mok Sohn The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2009; 47(Suppl): S103. CrossRef
A human case of Echinostoma hortense (Trematoda: Echinostomatidae) infection diagnosed by gastroduodenal endoscopy in Korea Chang-Min Cho, Won-Young Tak, Young-Oh Kweon, Sung-Kook Kim, Yong-Hwan Choi, Hyun-Hee Kong, Dong-Il Chung The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2003; 41(2): 117. CrossRef
Intestinal trematode infections in the villagers in Koje-myon, Kochang-gun, Kyongsangnam-do, Korea W Y Son, S Huh, S U Lee, H C Woo, S J Hong The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1994; 32(3): 149. CrossRef
A follow-up examination of intestinal parasitic infections of the Army soldiers in Whachon-gun, Korea S Huh, S U Lee, S C Huh The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1994; 32(1): 61. CrossRef
Experimental life history of Echinostoma hortense S H Lee, S W Hwang, W M Sohn, W G Kho, S T Hong, J Y Chai The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1991; 29(2): 161. CrossRef
Chronological observation of intestinal lesions of rats experimentally infected with Echinostoma hortense S H Lee, T Y Noh, W M Sohn, W G Kho, S T Hong, J Y Chai The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1990; 28(1): 45. CrossRef
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The author has studied the beta-glucuronidase activity in several tissues such as liver, stomach and small intestine of the male and female rabbits infected with different doses of metacercariae of Clonorchis sinensis. The metacercariae of Clonorchis sinensis were isolated from Pseudorasbora parva caught in Kim Hae by digestion technic. The experimental animals were sacrificed in the period of 1, 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35th days following the infection. The results obtained were summarized as follows: In the groups infected with 100 metacercariae, Beta-glucuronidase activity was slightly increased during the entire periods than control rabbits. It was the highest in the first day with 1.535 and 1.421 mu/g, 14th days with 2.521 and 2.200 mu/g, and then lowered by the time, gradually. In the groups infected with 500 metacercariae, Beta-glucuronidase activity was highly increased on the first day with 1.535 and 1.866 mu/g than that 100 metacercariae groups according to each organs. It was the highest on the 7th day and 14th day. In the groups infected with 1,000 metacercariae, beta-glucuronidase activity was remarkably increased in the first and 14th days according to each organs, and then lowered gradually day by day. beta-glucuronidase activity of all organs was more increased than that of normal organs and the highest activity in the liver with 2.521 mu/g, intestine(1.612) and stomach (1.581) respectively.
beta-glucuronidase activity of rabbits was higher in the female than in the male. On the basis of these results, it was suggested that beta-glucuronidase activity was affected by the duration of infection and by the number of Clonorchis sinensis, according to the organs and sex of the rabbits.
This study was undertaken to purify cystic fluid (CF) antigen of Taenia solium metacestodes by affinity chromatography using specific monoclonal antibody (McAb) and to characterize the antigenicity of the purified antigen.
The hybridoma cell lines, prepared by fusion between mouse plasmacytoma and spleen cells from BALB/c mice immunized with CF, secrected antibodies reacting to various helminthic antigens. Majority of cell lines reacted to CF only but some also reacted to parenchymal antigen of T. solium metacestodes, adult T. saginata, sparganum, hydatid cystic fluid, Paragonimus westermani and Clonorchis sinensis, either in combination with CF, other antigens or independently. Cloned cells derived from monoclonal lines also produced antibodies reacting either to CF only or to other helminthes in combination or independently. These results indicated that CF of T. solium metacestodes contained proteins which possessed antigenic determinants not only specific to CF but also cross reactive with the afore-mentioned helminthes. CF of T. solium metacestodes was purified by affinity chromatography using the McAb which reacted to CF and parenchymal antigens. The affinity-purified antigen(A-Ag) and unbound pool(U-Ag) were separated. A-Ag showed 2 protein bands by disc-PAGE whereas CF exhibited 6 bands and U-Ag consisted of all bands CF had.
The diagnostic significance of A-Ag was evaluated by ELISA in human neurocysticercosis and other helminthic and neurologic diseases. By A-Ag, the levels of the specific IgG antibody, as shown by absorbance in sera and CSF, were lower than those of CF and U-Ag. Accordingly, the sensitiviy was about 70 % of CF and U-Ag. However, the nonspecific positive reactions to CF and U-Ag, observed in sparganosis, T.
saginata infection and paragonimiasis did not occur when A-Ag was used. These results indicated that the affinity-purified A-Ag had the higher specificity but the lower sensitivity as a diagnostic antigen in cysticercosis, probably because it only detected a single or limited numbers of monospecific antibodies among the diverse polyclonal antibodies produced in the patients with neurocysticercosis.
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Human sparganosis, a neglected food borne zoonosis Quan Liu, Ming-Wei Li, Ze-Dong Wang, Guang-Hui Zhao, Xing-Quan Zhu The Lancet Infectious Diseases.2015; 15(10): 1226. CrossRef
Bioactive molecules ofTaenia soliummetacestode, a causative agent of neurocysticercosis Young-An Bae, Yanping Xue, Eung-Goo Lee, Seon-Hee Kim, Yoon Kong Expert Review of Proteomics.2010; 7(5): 691. CrossRef
Taenia crassiceps cysticerci: Characterization of the 14-kDa glycoprotein with homologies to antigens from Taenia solium cysticerci Regina H. Peralta, Noeli M. Espíndola, Alessandra X. Pardini, Alberto H. Iha, Hercules Moura, John R. Barr, Adelaide J. Vaz, José M. Peralta Experimental Parasitology.2010; 124(3): 295. CrossRef
Serodiagnostic reliability of single-step enriched low-molecular weight proteins of Taenia solium metacestode of American and Asian isolates E.-G. Lee, Y.-A. Bae, S.-H. Kim, S.P. Díaz-Camacho, Y. Nawa, Y. Kong Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.2010; 104(10): 676. CrossRef
A recombinant chimeric antigen toward a standardized serodiagnosis of Taenia solium neurocysticercosis Young‐An Bae, Yeon‐Tack Jeong, Joon‐Yong Chung, Seon‐Hee Kim, Jagadish Mahanta, Zheng Feng, Chom‐Kyu Chong, Tong‐Soo Kim, Yoon Kong PROTEOMICS – Clinical Applications.2008; 2(12): 1596. CrossRef
The immune response in Taenia solium cysticercosis: protection and injury E. SCIUTTO, A. CHAVARRIA, G. FRAGOSO, A. FLEURY, C. LARRALDE Parasite Immunology.2007; 29(12): 621. CrossRef
Proteomic analysis of a 120 kDa protein complex in cyst fluid of Taenia solium metacestode and preliminary evaluation of its value for the serodiagnosis of neurocysticercosis E.-G. LEE, Y.-A. BAE, Y.-T. JEONG, J.-Y. CHUNG, E.-Y. JE, S.-H. KIM, B.-K. NA, J.-W. JU, T.-S. KIM, L. MA, S.-Y. CHO, Y. KONG Parasitology.2005; 131(6): 867. CrossRef
Cysticercosis Immunodiagnosis Using 18- and 14-Kilodalton Proteins from
Taenia crassiceps
Cysticercus Antigens Obtained by Immunoaffinity Chromatography
Noeli Maria Espíndola, Alberto Hiroshi Iha, Irene Fernandes, Osvaldo Massaiti Takayanagui, Luís dos Ramos Machado, José Antônio Livramento, Antônio Augusto Mendes Maia, José Mauro Peralta, Adelaide José Vaz Journal of Clinical Microbiology.2005; 43(7): 3178. CrossRef
Immunoblot analysis of a 10 kDa antigen in cyst fluid ofTaenia soliummetacestodes YANG, CHUNG, YUN, KONG, ITO, MA, LIU, LEE, KANG, CHO Parasite Immunology.1998; 20(10): 483. CrossRef
Serodiagnosis of human paragonimiasis by ELISA-inhibition test using monoclonal antibodies T S Yong, J H Seo, I S Yeo The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1993; 31(2): 141. CrossRef
Serodiagnosis of cysticercosis by ELISA-inhibition test using monoclonal antibodies T S Yong, I S Yeo, J H Seo, J K Chang, J S Lee, T S Kim, G H Jeong The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1993; 31(2): 149. CrossRef
Immunoelectrophoretic analysis of major component proteins in cystic fluid of Taenia solium metacestodes Y Kong, S Y Cho, S I Kim, S Y Kang The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1992; 30(3): 209. CrossRef
Analysis of Clonorchis sinensis antigens and diagnosis of clonorchiasis using monoclonal antibodies T S Yong, K Im, P R Chung The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1991; 29(3): 293. CrossRef
Cestode infections in Korea D Y Min The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1990; 28(Suppl): 123. CrossRef
Purification of antigenic protein of sparganum by immunoaffinity chromatography using a monoclonal antibody S Y Cho, S Y Kang, Y Kong The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1990; 28(3): 135. CrossRef
Biochemical properties of a purified protein in cystic fluid of Taenia solium metacestodes Seung Yull Cho, Suk Il Kim, Shin Yong Kang, Yoon Kong The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1988; 26(2): 87. CrossRef
Analysis of antigen specificity using monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies to Cysticercus cellulosae by enzyme-linked immunoelectrotransfer blot technique Seung Yull Cho, Shin Yong Kang, Suk Il Kim The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1987; 25(2): 159. CrossRef
/A total of 69 patients of confirmed neurocysticercosis was followed serologically by ELISA up to 22 months after praziquantel treatment. The intervals and numbers of follow-up were variable by patients. Serially collected samples of serum and CSF were examined simultaneously for their specific IgG antibody levels by ELISA, using cystic fluid, saline extracts of bladder wall and scolex as antigen. Within 4 months after praziquantel treatment, the antibody levels were elevated temporarily in both serum and CSF in most patients. In some cases antibody levels exhibited steady declining tendency after the treatment.
Concomitant administration of dexamethasone appeared to suppress the elevation of antibody levels. The rate of mean absorbance of antibody changed more in serum than in CSF.
The rate of elevation was greater in antibodies to parenchymal antigens than that to cystic fluid, but absolute difference of antibody levels was greater in anitbody to cystic fluid. Previously negative samples for IgG antibody may become positive after praziquantel treatment, which could be used as a complementary tool(provocation test) in serodiagnosis. One month was considered to be sufficient interval for the follow-up test for that purpose. In the follow-up of up to 22 months, only few cases of chronic neurocysticercosis showed declining tendency of IgG antibody levels below negative range. During acute encephalitic attacks in chronic patients, IgG antibody to parenchymal antigen were elevated in CSF temporarily. These results indicated that serologic follow-up of every year was recommendable to differentiate the cured patients from chronic patients with slowly calcifying lesions.
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Advances in Serological Diagnosis of Taenia solium Neurocysticercosis in Korea Chun-Seob Ahn, Jeong-Geun Kim, Sun Huh, Insug Kang, Yoon Kong Genomics & Informatics.2019; 17(1): e7. CrossRef
ELISA in the evaluation of therapeutic response to albendazole in neurocysticercosis Nuzhat Husain, Nitin Shukla, Raj Kumar, Mazhar Husain, Arun Chaturvedi, Girdhar G. Agarwal, Rakesh K. Gupta Journal of Infection.2008; 56(1): 65. CrossRef
Measurement of 150 kDa protein of Taenia solium metacestodes by antibody-sandwich ELISA in cerebrospinal fluid of neurocysticercosis patients S Y Cho, Y Kong, S I Kim, S Y Kang The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1992; 30(4): 299. CrossRef
Comparison of two assays (EIA and EITB) and two samples (saliva and serum) for the diagnosis of neurocysticercosis Miriam Feldman, Augustín Plancarte, Miguel Sandoval, Marianna Wilson, Ana Flisser Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.1990; 84(4): 559. CrossRef
Neurocysticercosis in Mexico A. Flisser Parasitology Today.1988; 4(5): 131. CrossRef
Changes of anti-Clonorchis sinensis IgG antibody in serum after praziquantel treatment in human clonorchiasis Sung Tae Hong The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1988; 26(1): 1. CrossRef
In order to obtain the most specific and sensitive antigen from crude antigens of Fasciola hepatica for the immunodiagnosis of bovine fascioliasis by the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA), phosphate buffered saline extract of F. hepatica was prepared. The crude extract was fractionated into 7 antigens using Sephadex G-100 column chromatography. Seven fractionated antigens were applied to ELISA, precipitation test and intradermal test, respectively. Results obtained are as follows: The specificity (95 per cent confidence interval in negative sera of bovine fascioliasis ; Mean+2 x SD of absorbance ) of the first (MW>150,000) and the second antigens (MW 120,000) were 93.7 per cent, but those of others including crude antigen showed 100 per cen.t. The sensitivity (positive sera of bovine fascioliasis having higher values with compared to the criterion) of the first, the sixth (MW 16,000) and the seventh antigen (MW<5,000) were 91.6 per cent, 87.5 per cent and 0 per cent, respectively, but those of others showed all 100 per cent. The absorbance by ELISA using the fifth antigen (MW 26,000) was 8.43-folds higher in the positive sera than that in the negative sera. This could be used as one of the most specific antigens for the immunodiagnosis of bovine fascioliasis. In Ouchterlony test, precipitin lines were not found in the sera naturally infected with F.
hepatica, but some were found in the sera of rabbits immunized with the crude antigens. The numbers of precipitin lines in the sera of rabbits were different in the different fractionated antigens. They were 6 in the crude, 2 in the second and the third antigens, 1 in the forth, the fifth and the sixth antigens and absent in the seventh antigen, respectively. The wheal size for the bovine infected with F.
hepatica was 2.46+-0.15 cm in the intradermal test antigen (saline extract of F. hepatica) supplied by the Veterinary Research Institute, Rural Development Administration, Korea.
The wheal size of the first, the second and the third antigens were larger than that of intradermal test antigen, whereas those of the forth, the fifth, the sixth and the seventh antigens showed smaller than that of the intradermal test antigen. The results suggest that the fifth antigen may be specific antigen for the immunodiagnosis of bovine fascioliasis.
This study was designed to evaluate the partially purified antigens which were fractionated from crude extract of Paragonimus westermani and to monitor the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in experimental cat paragonimiasis during the course of infection as well as before and after chemotherapy. Crude extract of 6-month-old adult P. westermani was fractionated to 5 antigens by successive applications of ammonium sulfate precipitation, ion exchange chromatography and gel filtration. And the cats, 10 in each group, were infected with 60, 30, 15, and 5 metacercariae, then the half of each group was treated with praziquantel 2 times in one day of 100 mg per kilogram of weight on 150 days after the infection. Sera were collected every 10 days. ELISA was performed with the concentration of 2 microgram/ml antigen, 100 times diluted sera and 1,000 times diluted alkaline phosphatase conjugated anti-cat IgG.
The results were as follows: Absorbance by ELISA with proteins precipitated by differential concentration of ammonium sulfate was the highest at 51-65 per cent precipitate (PA2), followed by 0-50 per cent precipitate (PA1), 66-80 per cent precipitate (PA3), and 81-90 precipitate (PA4). Unprecipitated protein over 90 per cent ammonium sulfate (PA5) showed the lowest antigenicity.
Fractionation of PA1, PA2, and PA3 through the DEAE-cellulose column did not differentiate the antigenic proteins. By passing through the Sephadex G-200 column, PAl and PA2 were fractionated to high molecular weight proteins and those of low molecular weight which showed high absorbance by ELISA (PA1-I, II and PA2- I, II). But PA3 was shown to have a fraction of high molecular weight proteins (PA3-I) which showed high antigenicity. SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of PA1-I, PA1-II, PA2-I, PA2-II, PA3-I, and crude extract was performed. Fraction PA1-I was composed of proteins which had the molecular weight of 270 kilodaltons (KD) to 196 KD; of them 220 KD protein was major band. Fraction PA2- I was composed of 255-225 KD, and PA3-I, 255-240 KD, respectively. Fraction PA1-II and fraction PA2-II consisted of 30 KD proteins. Absorbance by ELISA began to increase within 10-20 days after the infection and reached the highest on 140-180 days, then made plateau thereafter. Absorbance by ELISA decreased after praziquantel treatment. In 60 metacercariae infection group, the absorbance had been decreasing, but remained within the positive range during observation period, while those of 30, 15, and 5 metacercariae infection groups turned to negative range. Fraction PA1-II showed the highest antigenicity in ELISA, then fraction PA2-I, fraction PA1-I , fraction PA2-II, fraction PA3-I and crude extract followed. In early phase of infection, the absorbance of fraction PA1-II showed more rapid increase than those of the other fractions and it came to positive range at 20-30 days after infection.
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Can Pleuropulmonary Paragonimiasis be Cured by Only the 1st Set of Chemotherapy? Treatment Outcome and Clinical Features of Recently Developed Pleuropulmonary Paragonimiasis In-Jae Oh, Yu-Il Kim, Su-Young Chi, Hee-Jung Ban, Yong-Soo Kwon, Kyu-Sik Kim, Young-Chul Kim, Yun-Hyeon Kim, Hyun Ju Seon, Sung-Chul Lim, Hee-Young Shin, Soo-Ock Kim Internal Medicine.2011; 50(13): 1365. CrossRef
Tissue origin of soluble component proteins in saline extract of adult Paragonimus westermani Y Kong, C Y Park, S Y Kang, S Y Cho The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1992; 30(2): 91. CrossRef
Antigenic localities in the tissues of Paragonimus westermani by developmental stages using immunogold labeling method H J Rim, S J Kim, I J Sun, J S Lee The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1992; 30(1): 1. CrossRef
Studies on immunodiagnosis of human paragonimiasis and specific antigen of Paragonimus heterotremus Isna Indrawati, Wanpen Chaicumpa, Prasert Setasuban, Yuwaporn Ruangkunaporn International Journal for Parasitology.1991; 21(4): 395. CrossRef
Antigenic localities in the tissues of the young adult worm of Paragonimus westermani using immunogold labeling method O S Kwon, J S Lee, H J Rim, S J Kim The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1991; 29(1): 31. CrossRef
Molecular weight of major component proteins in crude saline extract of adult Paragonimus westermani Y Kong, WB Kim, SY Kang, SY Cho The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1991; 29(2): 113. CrossRef
Component proteins in crude extract of adult Paragonimus westermani purified by immunoaffinity chromatography using monoclonal antibodies S Y Kang, Y Kong, S Y Cho The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1991; 29(4): 363. CrossRef
Paragonimus and paragonimiasis in Korea D W Choi The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1990; 28(Suppl): 79. CrossRef
The fate of spargana inoculated into the cat brain and sequential changes of anti-sparganum IgG antibody levels in the cerebrospinal fluid K C Wang, S Huh, S T Hong, J Y Chai, K S Choi, S H Lee The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1990; 28(1): 1. CrossRef
Antibody changes in paragonimiasis patients after praziquantel treatment as observed by ELISA and immunoblot S Y Cho, S I Kim, S Y Kang, Y Kong, S K Han, Y S Shim, Y C Han The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1989; 27(1): 15. CrossRef
Analysis of antigenic specificities of Paragonimus westermani developmental stages using immunoblot technique K H Joo, S C Hong, M S Chung, H J Rim The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1989; 27(1): 1. CrossRef
The changes of histopathology and serum anti-sparganum IgG in experimental sparganosis of mice S T Hong, K J Kim, S Huh, Y S Lee, J Y Chai, S H Lee, Y S Lee The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1989; 27(4): 261. CrossRef
Demonstration of species-specific and cross reactive components of Paragonimus westermani crude worm antigen by EITB K H Joo, H Ahn, M S Chung, H J Rim The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1989; 27(1): 9. CrossRef
Immunohistochemical study on the antigenicity of body compartments of Paragonimus westermani S H Lee, S H Sung, J Y Chai The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1989; 27(2): 109. CrossRef
Immunoblot observation of antigenic protein fractions in Paragonimus westermani reacting with human patients sera Sung Hwan Kim, Yoon Kong, Suk Il Kim, Shin Yong Kang, Seung Yull Cho The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1988; 26(4): 239. CrossRef
Changes of anti-Clonorchis sinensis IgG antibody in serum after praziquantel treatment in human clonorchiasis Sung Tae Hong The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1988; 26(1): 1. CrossRef
Histopathological and serological observations on experimental anisakiasis of rabbits Sung Tae Hong, Soon Hyung Lee The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1987; 25(2): 168. CrossRef
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using crude and affinity-purified antigens of adult worms of Paragonimus westermani was performed for infected cat sera with different worm burden, from preinfection to 18th week after infection. Crude antigen was used with supernatant of homogenated worms by freezing-thawing method, and the supernate was centrifuged for l hour at 10,000 rpm at 4C.
Affinity-purified antigen (antibody-bound antigen) was prepared from fractions (bound and unbound) of crude antigen by affinity chromatography on CNBr-activated sepharose 4B, and IgG as a ligand was prepared from paragonimiasis cat serum (6 months infected) obtained by ammonium sulfate (40-45 per cent saturated) precipitation method. By SDS-PAGE, crude antigen showed 22 polypeptide fractions while purified antigen showed 4 fractions: 36, 400, 34,700,27,600 and 11,500 in molecular weights. All cats were divided into five groups(G1-G5) by different worm burdens.
The mean of recovered worms (+/-SD) and the number of cats in each group are as follows:G1, 2 worms(0) and 4 cats; G2, 4.75(+/-0.66) and eight; G3, 10.75(+/-1.92) and four; G4, 25.20(+/-3.43) and five; G5, 48(+/-12.63) and five cats. The results were summarized as follows: The antibody levels(OD value) increased by worm burden in G1 to G4 generally.
However, individual antibody levels were not exactly related with worm burden in all groups, especially there was a wide difference in G4 and G5. These results suggested that the worm burden in G4 (about 20 - 30 worms) is enough to produce antibody maximum in cats of 2~3 kg weight. The antibody levels increased significantly (p<0.05) compared to control sera at the 3rd week in G1 and G2, at the 2nd week in G3, and at the 1st week in G4 and G5. Especially in the 4th week, OD value increased more in G1(p<0.001) and in G2 to G5(p<0.01). In the pattern of antibody levels by ELISA in each group, OD in G1 increased to the 18th week continuously, in G2 OD was maintained same after the 16th week, but in G3 it decresed after the 16th week, and it was maintained same in G4 and G5 after the 14th week. The antibody levels by ELISA with the affinity-purified antigen were higher than those with crude antigen in all groups generally. Especially, the difference of OD values between two antigens was larger from the 4th to the 10th week. In G1 and G2 OD with purified antigen was higher than that with crude one to the 18th week. It was also higher in G3 than that with crude antigen to the 16th week and OD of G4 and G5 were higher before the 14th week than that with crude antigen, however became lower at the 16th week.
Consequently, the antibody level in ELISA with affinity-purified antigen was more sensitive at the early weeks after infection and in light infection groups than that with crude antigen.
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Antibody responses to fluke cysteine proteinases in Paragonimus- and Fasciola-infected rats T. Ikeda Journal of Helminthology.1998; 72(3): 187. CrossRef
Ultrastructural antigenic localization in Paragonimus iloktsuenensis during developmental stage by immunogold labeling method H S Kim, O R Lee The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1995; 33(4): 365. CrossRef
Tissue origin of soluble component proteins in saline extract of adult Paragonimus westermani Y Kong, C Y Park, S Y Kang, S Y Cho The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1992; 30(2): 91. CrossRef
Antigenic localities in the tissues of Paragonimus westermani by developmental stages using immunogold labeling method H J Rim, S J Kim, I J Sun, J S Lee The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1992; 30(1): 1. CrossRef
Serum IgE levels in rats infected with Paragonimus westermani M H Shin, J S Ryu, D Y Min The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1991; 29(4): 397. CrossRef
Antigenic localities in the tissues of the young adult worm of Paragonimus westermani using immunogold labeling method O S Kwon, J S Lee, H J Rim, S J Kim The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1991; 29(1): 31. CrossRef
Studies on immunodiagnosis of human paragonimiasis and specific antigen of Paragonimus heterotremus Isna Indrawati, Wanpen Chaicumpa, Prasert Setasuban, Yuwaporn Ruangkunaporn International Journal for Parasitology.1991; 21(4): 395. CrossRef
Component proteins in crude extract of adult Paragonimus westermani purified by immunoaffinity chromatography using monoclonal antibodies S Y Kang, Y Kong, S Y Cho The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1991; 29(4): 363. CrossRef
ELISA of rat sera infected with Paragonimus iloktsuenensis B K Lim, O R Lee, H S Nam The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1990; 28(4): 207. CrossRef
Paragonimus and paragonimiasis in Korea D W Choi The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1990; 28(Suppl): 79. CrossRef
Analysis of antigenic specificities of Paragonimus westermani developmental stages using immunoblot technique K H Joo, S C Hong, M S Chung, H J Rim The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1989; 27(1): 1. CrossRef
Demonstration of species-specific and cross reactive components of Paragonimus westermani crude worm antigen by EITB K H Joo, H Ahn, M S Chung, H J Rim The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1989; 27(1): 9. CrossRef
Immunohistochemical study on the antigenicity of body compartments of Paragonimus westermani S H Lee, S H Sung, J Y Chai The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1989; 27(2): 109. CrossRef
Immunoblot observation of antigenic protein fractions in Paragonimus westermani reacting with human patients sera Sung Hwan Kim, Yoon Kong, Suk Il Kim, Shin Yong Kang, Seung Yull Cho The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1988; 26(4): 239. CrossRef
Studies on the immunodiagnosis of rabbit clonorchiasis II. Immunoaffinity purification of whole worm antigen and characterization of egg, metacercaria and adult antigens of Clonorchis sinensis Ok Ran Lee, Pyung Rim Chung, Hae Seon Nam The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1988; 26(2): 73. CrossRef
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A study on the population density of crayfish intermediate hosts and infestation status of crayfish with encysted larvae of Paragonimus westermani in Ulchin county, Kyungpook province, Korea was conducted from May to October in 1986.
The population density of the crayfish ranged from 1 to 13, with an average of 4 per manhour. Among the six habitats, Ducheon had a somewhat higher density than that of the others. Of eight hundred and seventeen crayfish examined, 127 or 15.5 per cent harboured the metacercarial larvae of Paragonimus westermani. The majority of the larvae were found in three parts of the body: most frequently in the cephalothorax, next in the gills, and then in the liver. The average number of metacercarial larvae per infected crayfish ranged from 1.0 to 1.9, with an average of 1.7. Summarizing the results, this study indicates that the population density of crayfish intermediate host and infestation rates for the crayfish with encysted larvae of Paragonimus westermani in Ulchin county of Kyungpook province is relatively high.
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A study on the effect of diethylcarbamazine (DEC) (Supatonin) against Brugia malayi infection was conducted on Cheju Island in September 1965. A total of 182 persons living in a village of Aiwol Myun, Bukcheju-Gun was examined for microfilaraemia. Microscopic examination of smears of 20 microliter of blood revealed a microfilaria positivity rate of 28.5 per cent. At the end of September 1965, 34 confirmed microfilaria positive cases were treated with DEC at a daily dosage of 5 mg/kg body weight. A full course of 12 days of drug administration divided of two rounds for 6 days each was used. The first round of treatment was given under a strict supervision of the author in order to observe carefully side-effects of the drug. The second round of treatment was given in January 1966. The microfilaria density in 20 microliter of blood of those who received the drug was checked four times; before the treatment, during the first round of the treatment, 2 weeks and 4 months after the completion of the first round. The pre-treatment mean microfilaria density of 104.6 diminished to nearly zero (only two cases with one microfilaria respectively) 2 weeks after the first round and again slightly rose up to 0.5 four months after the first round. These results indicate that DEC (Supatonin) is highly effective to eliminate the microfilaria of B. malayi. However, severe side-effects, e.g. fever (average 38.6C, maximum 39.7C), headache, backache and seldom abdominal discomfort ect. were observed.
There were two cases of withdrawal from the scheme due to refusal.
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The present study was undertaken to evaluate the present status of intestinal parasitic infection in Seoul area, Korea. During the period from June 1985 to July 1986, a total of 5,251 stool samples were collected in Department of Clinical Pathology, Hanyang University Hospital and examined by formalin-ether sedimentation technique once for helminth ova and protozoan cysts. The results were summerized as follows: The overall egg positive rate of intestinal helminthes was 2.53 per cent ; and 1.43 per cent for Clonorchis sinensis, 0.7 per cent for Trichuris trichiura, 0.13 per cent for Metagonimus yokogawai, 0.06 per cent for hookworm, and 0.02 per cent for Ascaris lumbricoides, Diphyllobothrium latum and Hymenolepis nana, respectively.
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Total of 2,643 Korean soldiers were examined of their stool for parasitic infections by both cellophane thick smear and formalin-ether concentration techniques from August 1983 to December 1985. Out of them, 73.6% were free from any parasite, 22.6% were ova positive and 4.0% cyst positive.
The ova positive rates by species were Ascaris lumbricoides 2.0%, Trichuris trichiura 13.0%, hookworm and Trichostrongylus orientalis 0.08% respectively, Clonorchis sinensis 7.6%, Metagonimus yokogawai 1.1%, Paragonimus westermani 0.08%, Echinostoma hortense 0.04%, Fibricola seoulensis 0.9%, Taenia sp. 0.3%, Hymenolepis nana 0.2% and H. diminuta 0.04%. Most of them (87.3%) were positive by a species, 11.9% by two and 0.8% by 3 species. The cyst positive rates were Entamoeba histolytica 0.6%, E. coli 1.4%, Endolimax nana 1.7%, Iodoameba butschlii 0.04% and Giardia lambla 0.9%. Among the cyst positives, 89.5% were positive by a species, 7.6% by two and 0.5% by 3 species.
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