Parasites, Hosts and Diseases

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Volume 37(2); June 1999

Original Articles

Infection status of dragonflies with Plagiorchis muris metacercariae in Korea: Sung-Jong Hong, Ho-Chun Woo, Soo-Ung Lee, Sun Huh; Korean J Parasitol 1999;37(2):65-70.
Published online June 30, 1999; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.1999.37.2.65

Abstract
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Plagiorchis muris has been found in both house and field rats as well as in humans. The infection status of the second intermediate hosts of P. muris is prerequisite in understanding their biological features in an ecosystem. Six species of dragonflies were caught in a wide range of areas in Korea; and they were Sympetrum darwinianum, S. eroticum, S. pedomontanum, S. infuscatum, Pantala flavoscens, Calopteryx atrata, and Orthetrum albistylum speciosum. The occurrence of P. muris metacercariae in dragonflies was nationwide with various infection rates. The metacercarial burden of P. muris in the surveyed areas was the highest in S. eroticum followed by S. darwinianum, S. pedomontanum, and C. atrata. The highest infection rate by P. muris metacercariae was found in S. darwinianum followed by S. eroticum. The metacercarial burden was particularly heavy in the dragonflies found in Hamyang-gun and Kosong-gun, Kyongsangnam-do. It is, therefore, likely that dragonflies play a significant role as the second intermediate host in the life cycle of P. muris in Korea.

Citations

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Survey of the Prosthogonimus spp. metacercariae infection in the second intermediate host dragonfly in Heilongjiang Province, China
Ben Li, Zhuo Lan, Xin-Ru Guo, Ai-Hui Zhang, Wei Wei, Ye Li, Zhen-Hua Jin, Zhong-Yan Gao, Xian-Guang Zhang, Bai Li, Jun-Feng Gao, Chun-Ren Wang
Parasitology Research.2023; 122(12): 2859. CrossRef
Odonata (Insecta) Larvae as the Second Intermediate Hosts of the Trematodes of Genus Plagiorchis in the Basin of Chany Lake, Western Siberia
N. M. Ponomareva, O. N. Popova, N. I. Yurlova
Contemporary Problems of Ecology.2022; 15(6): 631. CrossRef
Influences of habitat and arthropod density on parasitism in two co-occurring host taxa
J. Koprivnikar, T.M.Y. Urichuk, D. Szuroczki
Canadian Journal of Zoology.2017; 95(8): 589. CrossRef
A molecular and ecological analysis of the trematodePlagiorchis elegansin the wood mouseApodemus sylvaticusfrom a periaquatic ecosystem in the UK
K. Boyce, G. Hide, P.S. Craig, C. Reynolds, M. Hussain, A.J. Bodell, H. Bradshaw, A. Pickles, M.T. Rogan
Journal of Helminthology.2014; 88(3): 310. CrossRef
Trematodes and nematodes parasitizing the benthic insect community of an Andean Patagonian stream, with emphasis on plagiorchiid metacercariae
Gustavo D. Mariluan, Gustavo P. Viozzi, Ricardo J. Albariño
Invertebrate Biology.2012; 131(4): 285. CrossRef
Plagiorchis muris infection in Apodemus agrarius from northern Gyeonggi-do (Province) near the demilitarized zone
Jong-Yil Chai, Jae-Hwan Park, Sang-Mee Guk, Jae-Lip Kim, Hyo-Jin Kim, Won-Hee Kim, Eun-Hee Shin, Terry A. Klein, Heung-Chul Kim, Sung-Tae Chong, Jin-Won Song, Luck-Ju Baek
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2007; 45(2): 153. CrossRef
The occurrence of the trematodePlagiorchis murisin the wood mouseApodemus sylvaticusin North Yorkshire, UK
M.T. Rogan, P.S. Craig, G. Hide, S. Heath, A. Pickles, D.M. Storey
Journal of Helminthology.2007; 81(1): 57. CrossRef
A Human Case of Plagiorchis vespertilionis (Digenea: Plagiorchiidae) Infection in the Republic of Korea
S-M. Guk, J-L. Kim, J-H. Park, J-Y. Chai
Journal of Parasitology.2007; 93(5): 1225. CrossRef
Molecular phylogenic location of the Plagiorchis muris (Digenea, Plagiorchiidae) based on sequences of partial 28S D1 rDNA and mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase subunit I
Soo-Ung Lee, Sun Huh, Woon-Mok Sohn
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2004; 42(2): 71. CrossRef
Food-borne intestinal trematode infections in the Republic of Korea
Jong-Yil Chai, Soon-Hyung Lee
Parasitology International.2002; 51(2): 129. CrossRef

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Border malaria characters of reemerging vivax malaria in the Republic of Korea: Weon-Gyu Kho, Ji-Yeon Jang, Sung-Tae Hong, Hyong-Woo Lee, Won-Ja Lee, Jong-Soo Lee; Korean J Parasitol 1999;37(2):71-76.
Published online June 30, 1999; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.1999.37.2.71

Abstract
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Since 1993, the number of vivax malaria cases has increased every year in the northern part of the Republic of Korea (ROK). This study was designed to characterize factors related to the reemergence of malaria in the ROK. A total of 21 cases diagnosed in 1993 and 1994 distributed sporadically in the narrow zone along the demilitarized zone (DMZ). Of total 317 civilian inhabitant cases reported in 1994-1997, 287 cases were studied and 80.8% of them resided within 10 km from the southern border of the DMZ. The frequency distribution of anti-Plasmodium vivax antibody titers using indirect fluorescent antibody test was compared in three villages in relation with distance from the DMZ. The number of inhabitants with high antibody titers was larger in the village nearest to the border than that in more distant villages. The present results highly suggested that the reemerging vivax malaria start in the border area, most possibly caused by infected mosquitoes which flew across the border. This pattern of transmission repeated year after year.

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Malaria Journal.2017;[Epub] CrossRef
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The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2014; 52(1): 1. CrossRef
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Plasmodium vivax PCR genotyping of the first malaria case imported from South Korea into Japan
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Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy.2009; 15(1): 27. CrossRef
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Journal of the Korean Medical Association.2007; 50(11): 959. CrossRef
Factors Affecting Delayed Diagnosis of Plasmodium vivax Malaria in the Republic of Korea
Hyeong-Woo Lee ., Hiroshi Nishiura ., Shin-Hyeong Cho ., Wook-Gyo Lee ., Tae-Suk In ., Sung-Ung Moon ., Gyung Tae Chung ., Tong-Soo Kim .
Research Journal of Parasitology.2007; 2(1): 72. CrossRef
Estimates of short- and long-term incubation periods of Plasmodium vivax malaria in the Republic of Korea
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Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.2007; 101(4): 338. CrossRef
ELISA detection of vivax malaria with recombinant multiple stage-specific antigens and its application to survey of residents in endemic areas
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A multiplex polymerase chain reaction for a differential diagnosis of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax
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The Identification of Plasmodium vivax Infected Anopheles sinensis by Enzyme‐Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Republic of Korea, 1998
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Entomological Research.2002; 32(3): 119. CrossRef
Evaluation of Anopheline Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) from the Republic of Korea forPlasmodium vivaxCircumsporozoite Protein
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Journal of Medical Entomology.2002; 39(1): 244. CrossRef
Late season commercial mosquito trap and host seeking activity evaluation against mosquitoes in a malarious area of the Republic of Korea
Douglas A. Burkett, Won-Ja Lee, Kwan-Woo Lee, Heung-Chul Kim, Hee-Il Lee, Jong-Soo Lee, E-Hyun Shin, Robert A. Wirtz, Hae-Wol Cho, David M. Claborn, Russel E. Coleman, Wan Y Kim, Terry A. Klein
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Two new genotypes of Plasmodium vivax circumsporozoite protein found in the Republic of Korea
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The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1999; 37(4): 265. CrossRef

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Long-lasting sonographic and histopathological findings in cured clonorchiasis of rabbits: Dongil Choi, Jae Hoon Lim, Seung Kwon Kim, Eung Yeop Kim, Mejeong Lee, Sung-Tae Hong; Korean J Parasitol 1999;37(2):77-83.
Published online June 30, 1999; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.1999.37.2.77

Abstract
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To ascertain residual sonographic and histopathological findings of clonorchiasis after treatment, the present study evaluated sonographic findings in rabbits which were infected with 500 metacercariae of C. sinensis every 6 months for 18 months after treatment with praziquantel. The sonographic findings were analyzed in terms of intrahepatic bile duct dilatation and periductal echogenicity, and histopathological findings were observed after the last sonographic examination. Compared with the sonographic findings before treatment, dilatation of the intrahepatic bile ducts became mild to some degree in four of the seven cases and increased periductal echogenicity resolved in four of them. The histopathological specimens after 18 months showed that periductal inflammation has almost resolved but moderate dilatation of the intrahepatic ducts and mucosal hyperplasia persisted. The periductal fibrosis minimally resolved. The long-lasting sonographic findings in cured clonorchiasis make sonography less specific.

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Clonorchis sinensis and Cholangiocarcinoma
Eun-Min Kim, Sung-Tae Hong
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Gadolinium ethoxybenzyl diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid-enhanced T1 mapping to evaluate liver damage caused by Clonorchis sinensis
Yanhan Xiang, Ningqin Li, Zhongyang Zhou, Jing Fang, Jinyuan Liao
Radiology of Infectious Diseases.2021; 8(3): 108. CrossRef
Changes in Sonographic Findings after Treatment of Patients with Clonorchiasis in a Heavy Endemic Area
Dongil Choi, Yong Hwan Jeon, Geun-Chan Lee, Min-Ho Choi, Sung-Tae Hong
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2009; 47(1): 19. CrossRef
Gallstones and Clonorchis sinensis infection: A hospital‐based case–control study in Korea
Dongil Choi, Jae Hoon Lim, Kyu Taek Lee, Jong Kyun Lee, Seong Ho Choi, Jin Seok Heo, Dong Wook Choi, Kee‐Taek Jang, Nam Yong Lee, Seonwoo Kim, Sung‐Tae Hong
Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology.2008;[Epub] CrossRef
Imaging diagnosis of clonorchiasis
Dongil Choi, Sung-Tae Hong
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2007; 45(2): 77. CrossRef
Cholangiocarcinoma and Clonorchis sinensis infection: A case–control study in Korea
Dongil Choi, Jae Hoon Lim, Kyu Taek Lee, Jong Kyun Lee, Seong Ho Choi, Jin Seok Heo, Kee-Taek Jang, Nam Yong Lee, Seonwoo Kim, Sung-Tae Hong
Journal of Hepatology.2006; 44(6): 1066. CrossRef
Sonographic findings of active Clonorchis sinensis infection
Dongil Choi, Sung‐Tae Hong, Jae Hoon Lim, Seung‐Yull Cho, Han‐Jong Rim, Zhuo Ji, Ren Yuan, Shuyu Wang
Journal of Clinical Ultrasound.2004; 32(1): 17. CrossRef
Bile duct changes in rats reinfected with Clonorchis sinensis
Dongil Choi, Sung-Tae Hong, Shunyu Li, Byung-Suk Chung, Jae Hoon Lim, Soon-Hyung Lee
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2004; 42(1): 7. CrossRef
Clonorchiasis and Cholangiocarcinoma: Etiologic Relationship and Imaging Diagnosis
Byung Ihn Choi, Joon Koo Han, Sung Tae Hong, Kyoung Ho Lee
Clinical Microbiology Reviews.2004; 17(3): 540. CrossRef
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Pathogenicity of Korean isolates of Acanthamoeba by observing the experimental infection and zymodemes of five isoenzymes: Kyung-Il Im, Ho-Joon Shin, Dong Whan Seo, Soung-Hoo Jeon, Tae-Eun Kim; Korean J Parasitol 1999;37(2):85-92.
Published online June 30, 1999; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.1999.37.2.85

Abstract
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To determine the pathogenicity of Acanthamoeba spp. isolated in Korea and to develop a isoenzymatic maker, the mortality rate of infected mice, in vitro cytotoxicity against target cells and isoenzyme band patterns were observed. Five isolates of Acanthamoeba spp. (YM-2, YM-3, YM-4, YM-5, and YM-7) were used in this study as well as three reference Acanthamoeba spp. (A. culbertsoni, A. hatchetti, and A. royreba). According to the mortality rate of infected mice, Korean isolates could be categorized into three groups: high virulent (YM-4), low virulent (YM-2, YM-5, YM-7) and the nonpathogenic group (YM-3). In addition, the virulence of Acanthamoeba spp. was enhanced by brain passage in mice. In the cytotoxicity assay against chinese hamster ovary cells, especially, the cytotoxicity of brain-passaged amoebae was relatively higher than the long-term cultivated ones. The zymodeme patterns of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), malate dehydrogenase (MDH), hexokinase (HK), glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT) and malic enzyme (ME) of Acanthamoeba spp. were different among each isolate, and also between long-term cultured amoebae and brain passaged ones. In spites of the polymorphic zymodemes, a slow band of G6PD and HK, and an intermediate band of MDH were only observed in pathogenic Acanthamoeba spp., which should be used as isoenzymatic makers.

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Experimental infection of T4 Acanthamoeba genotype determines the pathogenic potential
Daniella de Sousa Mendes Moreira Alves, Aline Silva Moraes, Luciano Moreira Alves, Rodrigo Gurgel-Gonçalves, Ruy de Souza Lino Junior, César Augusto Cuba-Cuba, Marina Clare Vinaud
Parasitology Research.2016; 115(9): 3435. CrossRef
Acanthamoeba royreba: Morphological features and in vitro cytopathic effect
Arturo González-Robles, Lizbeth Salazar-Villatoro, Maritza Omaña-Molina, Jacob Lorenzo-Morales, Adolfo Martínez-Palomo
Experimental Parasitology.2013; 133(4): 369. CrossRef
Pathogenic free-living amoebae in Korea
Ho-Joon Shin, Kyung-il Im
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2004; 42(3): 93. CrossRef
Acanthamoeba sohi, n. sp., a pathogenic Korean isolate YM-4 from a freshwater fish
Kyung-il Im, Ho-Joon Shin
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2003; 41(4): 181. CrossRef
Cytopathic Changes in Rat Microglial Cells Induced by PathogenicAcanthamoeba culbertsoni: Morphology and Cytokine Release
Ho-Joon Shin, Myung-Soo Cho, Suk-Yul Jung, Hyung-Il Kim, Sun Park, Jang-Hoon Seo, Jung-Chil Yoo, Kyung-Il Im
Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology.2001; 8(4): 837. CrossRef
In vitro cytotoxicity of Acanthamoeba spp. isolated from contact lens containers in Korea by crystal violet staining and LDH release assay
Ho-Joon Shin, Myung-Soo Cho, Suk-Yul Jung, Hyung-Il Kim, Kyung-il Im
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2000; 38(2): 99. CrossRef
Apoptosis of Primary-Culture Rat Microglial Cells Induced by PathogenicAcanthamoebaspp
Ho-Joon Shin, Myung-Soo Cho, Hyung-Il Kim, Millina Lee, Sun Park, Seonghyang Sohn, Kyung-Il Im
Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology.2000; 7(3): 510. CrossRef

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Eosinophil and IgE responses of IL-5 transgenic mice experimentally infected with Nippostrongylus brasiliensis: Jong-Yil Chai, Eun-Hee Shin, Kiyoshi Takatsu, Naoki Matsumoto, Somei Kojima; Korean J Parasitol 1999;37(2):93-99.
Published online June 20, 1999; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.1999.37.2.93

Abstract
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Eosinophil and IgE responses of interleukin (IL)-5 transgenic and normal C3H/HeN mice were studied after experimental infection with Nippostrongylus brasiliensis (Nb). Intestinal worms were recovered at day 5 post-infection (PI), and numbers of total white blood cells (WBC) and eosinophils, and total serum IgE and anti-hapten (dinitrophenyl) (DNP) specific IgE titers, were measured at days 0, 14 and 21 PI. IL-5 mice appeared resistant to Nb infection showing a significantly lower worm recovery rate than normal mice (P<0.05). Total WBC and eosinophil counts (/mm³) were significantly increased in Nb infected normal mice (P<0.05), but unchanged (total WBC) or decreased (eosinophils) in IL-5 mice at day 21 PI. The total serum IgE level remarkably increased in normal mice, but only a little in IL-5 mice at days 14 and 21 PI. Priming with DNP brought about more remarkable increases of the total and anti-DNP specific IgE in normal mice than in IL-5 mice. The results show that IL-5 mice are resistant to Nb infection, and that eosinophil and IgE responses in these mice are not augmented by Nb infection.

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In vivo neutralization of α4 and β7 integrins inhibits eosinophil trafficking and prevents lung injury during tropical pulmonary eosinophilia in mice
Pankaj Sharma, Aditi Sharma, Mrigank Srivastava
European Journal of Immunology.2017; 47(9): 1501. CrossRef

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Partial cross-resistance between Strongyloides venezuelensis and Nippostrongylus brasiliensis in rats: Byeong-Kirl Baek, M. Khyrul Islam, Jin-Ho Kim, John-Wha Lee, Jin Hur; Korean J Parasitol 1999;37(2):101-107.
Published online June 30, 1999; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.1999.37.2.101

Abstract
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Rats were immunized through an initial infection with 1,000 filariform larvae (L₃) of Nippostrongylus brasiliensis and after complete expulsion of worms they were challenged with 1,000 L₃ of Strongyloides venezuelensis to investigate whether cross-resistance developed against a heterologous parasite. Nippostrongylus brasiliensis-immunized rats developed a partial cross-resistance against S. venezuelensis migrating larvae (MSL₃) in the lungs and adult worms in the small intestine. The population of MSL₃ in the lungs were significantly lower (P<0.05) in immunized rats (22.0 ± 7.4) compared with controls (105.0 ± 27.6). The populations of adult worms, egg output and fecundity were initially decreased but from day 14 post-challenge they did not show any significant difference between immunized and control rats. However, the length of worm in immunized rat was revealed as retardation. Peripheral blood eosinophilia was significantly decreased (P<0.05) on day 7 post-challenge and then gradually increased, which peaked on day 42 post-challenge when most of the worms were expelled. These results suggest that peripheral blood eosinophilia is strongly involved in the worm establishment and expulsion mechanisms.

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Journal of Veterinary Medical Science.2003; 65(9): 971. CrossRef

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Variation of antigenicity and serological reaction to Pneumocystis carinii in Korea: Hyun-Young Park, Soo-Ung Lee, Seoung-Wan Chae, Sun Huh, Jae-Ran Yu, Jin Kim, Sung-Tae Hong; Korean J Parasitol 1999;37(2):109-115.
Published online June 30, 1999; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.1999.37.2.109

Abstract
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The present study observed the variation of antigenicity of Pneumocystis carinii and serum IgG antibody reaction to the antigens from different localities in Korea. Antigens of rat P. carinii and sera of inhabitants were collected at Chunchon, Chungju, Kwangju, and Seoul during 1995-1996. Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay and immunoblot were used for immune reaction. Absorbance of 1,294 human sera ranged between 0.01 and 0.93. Sera from Chunchon showed higher absorbances than those from other areas. Immunoblotting revealed IgG antibody reactions to 116, 100, and 45-55 kDa antigenic bands of rat P. carinii, but the frequencies of positive reaction to individual bands were variable by localities. Total 62.6% of the sera showed the reaction to 116 kDa band while 37.7% reacted to 100 kDa band and 32.0% to 45-55 kDa bands. For the reaction to 116 kDa, the reaction rate was 60.0% to 82.6% by localities. It is found that the reaction rates of the human sera to rat P. carinii antigen are variable according to the localities. Also, the high molecular antigen of 116 kDa of rat P. carinii is the most frequent antigenic band reacting to human sera.

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Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Patients with PriorPneumocystisPneumonia Exhibit Increased Serologic Reactivity to Several Major Surface Glycoprotein Clones
K. R. Daly, J. V. Koch, N. J. Shire, L. Levin, P. D. Walzer
Clinical and Vaccine Immunology.2006; 13(10): 1071. CrossRef

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Case Report

A case of Strongyloides stercoralis infection: Sung-Jong Hong, Joo-Hee Han; Korean J Parasitol 1999;37(2):117-120.
Published online June 30, 1999; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.1999.37.2.117

Abstract
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Strongyloidiasis has been recognized as one of the life-threatening parasitic infections in the immunocompromised patients. We report an intestinal infection case of Strongyloides stercoralis in a 61-year-old man. Rhabditiform larvae were detected in the stool examination and developed to filariform larvae having a notched tail through the Harada-Mori filter paper culture. The patient received five courses of albendazole therapy but not cured of strongyloidiasis.

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Jong-Yil Chai, Bong-Kwang Jung, Sung-Jong Hong
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The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2003; 41(1): 63. CrossRef

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Brief Communication

Axenic cultivation and characterization of Giardia lamblia isolated from humans in Korea: Soon-Jung Park, Tai-Soon Yong, Hye-Won Yang, Du-Ho Lee, Kyungwon Lee; Korean J Parasitol 1999;37(2):121-125.
Published online June 30, 1999; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.1999.37.2.121

Abstract
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Inoculating of human fecal cysts to suckling Mongolian gerbils, two Giardia lamblia isolates, K1 and K2, were established as axenic cultures. Using this in vitro culture, both isolates were characterized as a "medium-rate grower" upon its growth pattern. These two Giardia isolates were grouped by using two genetic analysis. With genetic analysis of SSU-rDNA sequences, both K1 and K2 were found as members of Hopkins' group 1, despite some nucleotide differences noticed in K1 (5 differences/292 bases). The other genetic study used PCR-RFLP of the tim (triose phosphate isomerase) gene. Both of K1 and K2 were found to belong to Nash's group 2. Our results suggest that Nash's group 2 can not be a separate group, but a part of Hopkins' group 1.

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Simone M. Cacciò, Marco Lalle, Staffan G. Svärd
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