Parasites, Hosts and Diseases

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Volume 37(3); September 1999

Mini Review

Re-emerging Plasmodium vivax malaria in the Republic of Korea: Jong-Yil Chai; Korean J Parasitol 1999;37(3):129-143.
Published online September 30, 1999; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.1999.37.3.129

Abstract
PDF

Plasmodium vivax malaria, which was highly prevalent in the Republic of Korea, disappeared rapidly since 1970s. However, malaria re-emerged with the first occurrence of a patient in 1993 near the demilitarized zone (DMZ), the border between South Korea and North Korea. Thereafter, the number of cases increased exponentially year after year, totaling 6,142 cases (6,249 if United States Army personnels were included) by the end of 1998. Interestingly enough, the majority of cases (3,743; 61%) was soldiers aged 20-25, camping around the northern parts of Kyonggi-do or Gangwon-do (Province) just facing the DMZ. Among 2,399 civilian cases, 1,144 (47.7%) were those who have recently retired from their military services in the northern parts of the two Provinces. The re-emerging malaria characteristically revealed a combination type of short and long incubation periods with predominance of the long type. The course of illness was relatively mild, and the treatment was successful in most patients. Vector mosquitoes are Anopheles sinensis and possibly A. yatsushiroensis. Wide-scale preventive and control measures should be operated to eradicate this re-emerging disease. It has been suggested by many authors that the initial source of the re-emerging malaria was infected mosquitoes which had flown from the northern part of the DMZ.

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The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2000; 38(3): 119. CrossRef
Two new genotypes of Plasmodium vivax circumsporozoite protein found in the Republic of Korea
Weon-Gyu Kho, Yeong-hong Park, Joon-yong Chung, Jong-pil Kim, Sung-tae Hong, Won-ja Lee, Tong-soo Kim, Jong-soo Lee
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1999; 37(4): 265. CrossRef

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Original Articles

A survey of helminthic infections in the residents of rural areas near Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia: Do-Sung Lee, Byung-Ha Chung, Nam-Seok Lee, Ho-Woo Nam, Joong-Ho Kim; Korean J Parasitol 1999;37(3):145-147.
Published online September 30, 1999; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.1999.37.3.145

Abstract
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A total of 738 samples was collected to survey the helminthic infections of residents in two rural areas near Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia for 2 weeks from July 23 to August 2, 1998. Among 391 scotch-taped slides of anal swabs of children and of young teenagers, Enterobius vermicularis eggs were detected in 138 cases (35.3%). With the fecal samples of 206 Kato-Katz thick smear slides from adults, the eggs of E. vermicularis were observed in 9 cases and Taenia sp. in one case, respectively. And by ELISA on 141 blood samples absorbed to blood sampling paper, 12 cases (8.5%) were found to be positive against the hydatid cyst antigen. Enterobiasis and hydatidosis are two major endemic diseases which are related closely to the life style of Mongolian.

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Epidemiology of Taenia saginata taeniosis/cysticercosis: a systematic review of the distribution in East, Southeast and South Asia
Ramon M. Eichenberger, Lian F. Thomas, Sarah Gabriël, Branco Bobić, Brecht Devleesschauwer, Lucy J. Robertson, Anastasios Saratsis, Paul R. Torgerson, Uffe C. Braae, Veronique Dermauw, Pierre Dorny
Parasites & Vectors.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Prevalence and risk factors associated with human cystic echinococcosis in rural areas, Mongolia
Temuulen Dorjsuren, Sumiya Ganzorig, Munkhbaatar Dagvasumberel, Altansukh Tsend-Ayush, Chimedlkhamsuren Ganbold, Mandukhai Ganbat, Enkh-Oyun Tsogzolbaatar, Uranchimeg Tsevelvaanchig, Giimaa Narantsogt, Chinchuluun Boldbaatar, Burnee Mundur, Munkhgerel Kha
PLOS ONE.2020; 15(7): e0235399. CrossRef
Epidemiology and control of echinococcosis in central Asia, with particular reference to the People's Republic of China
Wenbao Zhang, Zhuangzhi Zhang, Weiping Wu, Baoxin Shi, Jun Li, Xiaonong Zhou, Hao Wen, Donald P. McManus
Acta Tropica.2015; 141: 235. CrossRef
The present situation of echinococcoses in Mongolia
A. Ito, C.M. Budke
Journal of Helminthology.2015; 89(6): 680. CrossRef
Cystic Echinococcoses in Mongolia: Molecular Identification, Serology and Risk Factors
Akira Ito, Temuulen Dorjsuren, Anu Davaasuren, Tetsuya Yanagida, Yasuhito Sako, Kazuhiro Nakaya, Minoru Nakao, Oyun-Erdene Bat-Ochir, Tsendjav Ayushkhuu, Narantuya Bazarragchaa, Nyamkhuu Gonchigsengee, Tiaoying Li, Gurbadam Agvaandaram, Abmed Davaajav, Ch
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases.2014; 8(6): e2937. CrossRef
The controversy of parasitic infection in pediatric appendicitis
Ossama M. Zakaria
Annals of Pediatric Surgery.2012; 8(1): 15. CrossRef
Acute appendicitis secondary to Enterobius vermicularis infection in a middle-aged man: a case report
Stavros Panidis, Daniel Paramythiotis, Dimitris Panagiotou, Georgios Batsis, Spyridon Salonikidis, Vassiliki Kaloutsi, Antonios Michalopoulos
Journal of Medical Case Reports.2011;[Epub] CrossRef
Intestinal protozoan infections and echinococcosis in the inhabitants of Dornod and Selenge, Mongolia (2003)
Sun Huh, Jae-Ran Yu, Jong-Il Kim, Choijamts Gotov, Radnaabazar Janchiv, Jeong-Sun Seo
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2006; 44(2): 171. CrossRef
Human cystic echinococcosis in two Mongolian communities in Hobukesar (China) and Bulgan (Mongolia)
Y. Wang, T. He, X. Wen, T. Li, T.T. Waili, W. Zhang, H. Zhou, H. Zheng, H. Wen, N. Davaadorj, L. Gambolt, T. Mukhar, M.T. Rogan, P.S. Craig
Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.2005; 99(9): 692. CrossRef
Emerging Infectious Diseases in Mongolia
John R. Ebright, Togoo Altantsetseg, Ravdan Oyungerel
Emerging Infectious Diseases.2003; 9(12): 1509. CrossRef

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Is Pneumocystis carinii vertically transmitted to neonatal rats?: Sung-Tae Hong, Yun-Kyu Park, Jin Kim, Dug-Ha Kim, Chong-Ku Yun; Korean J Parasitol 1999;37(3):149-156.
Published online September 30, 1999; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.1999.37.3.149

Abstract
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Pneumocystis carinii is a pulmonary pathogen of immunocompromised humans or other mammals. Its infection results from activation of organisms involved in latent infection or from new infection through the air. Almost all children are known to be infected within 2 to 4 years of birth, though prenatal transplacental transmission has not yet been demonstrated. In this study we observed experimental P. carinii infection in neonatal rats, thus investigating the possibility of transplacental vertical transmission by Diff-Quik staining of the lung impression smears and in-situ hybridization for lung sections. The positive rate of P. carinii infection in immunosuppressed maternal rats was 100%, but that in normal maternal rats was 0%. Cystic forms of P. carinii were observed in three of six 1-week old neonatal rats born of heavily infected mothers, but none of them was positive by in-situ hybridization. Five weeks after birth, cystic forms were detected in four neonatal rats. In the lobes of the lungs, no predilection site of P. carinii was recognized. Counts of cystic forms on smears and the reactivity of in-situ hybridization in the lungs of neonatal rats were significantly lower than in maternal rats. The present findings suggest that P. carinii is rarely transmitted through the placenta and proliferates less successfully in the lungs of neonatal rats than in mothers.

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Pneumocystis Infection in Pregnant Women: A Scoping Review
Irene Calderón-Baturone, Rocío Salsoso, Elena Charpentier, Yaxsier de Armas, Pilar Guadix, Rubén Morilla, Enrique J. Calderón, Vicente Friaza
Journal of Fungi.2025; 11(4): 327. CrossRef
High transient colonization by Pneumocystis jirovecii between mothers and newborn
Cristian Vera, Yudy A. Aguilar, Lázaro A. Vélez, Zulma Vanessa Rueda
European Journal of Pediatrics.2017; 176(12): 1619. CrossRef
Pathobiology ofPneumocystispneumonia: life cycle, cell wall and cell signal transduction
Joseph H. Skalski, Theodore J. Kottom, Andrew H. Limper, Carol Munro
FEMS Yeast Research.2015; 15(6): fov046. CrossRef
Early Acquisition of Pneumocystis carinii in Neonatal Rats as Evidenced by PCR and Oral Swabs
Crystal R. Icenhour, Sandra L. Rebholz, Margaret S. Collins, Melanie T. Cushion
Eukaryotic Cell.2002; 1(3): 414. CrossRef
Localization of cytoskeletal proteins in Pneumocystis carinii by immuno-electron microscopy
Jae-Ran Yu, Jae-Kyong Pyon, Min Seo, Byung-Suk Jung, Sang Rock Cho, Soon-Hyung Lee, Sung-Tae Hong
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2001; 39(1): 13. CrossRef
Early Acquisition of Pneumocystis carinii in Neonatal Rats using Targeted PCR and Oral Swabs
CRYSTAL R. ICENHOUR, SANDRA L. REBHOLZ, MARGARET S. COLLINS, MELANIE T. CUSHION
Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology.2001;[Epub] CrossRef
Pneumocystis infections: the iceberg?
E. Dei-Cas
Medical Mycology.2000; 38(s1): 23. CrossRef

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Early recognized antigen (p34) of Toxoplasma gondii after peroral ingestion of tissue cyst forming strain (Me49 strain) in mice: Yun-Kyu Park, Ho-Woo Nam; Korean J Parasitol 1999;37(3):157-162.
Published online September 30, 1999; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.1999.37.3.157

Abstract
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Serum from mouse orally ingested with tissue cyst forming strain (Me49) of Toxoplasma gondii was assayed by Western blot and immunofluorescene assay (IFA) to establish early responses in antigenicity of the parasite in mouse model of foodborne toxoplasmosis. Sera were collected weekly to blot the RH antigen transferred onto nitrocellulose paper after being separated by 12% SDS-PAGE. With the second week serum, 34 kDa protein (p34) was detected uniquely, and all antigens of T. gondii were detected with the sera from 3 or 4 weeks. p34 was not a member of the major surface membrane proteins and confirmed to be localized in the rhoptry by IFA. It was secreted into parasitophorous vacuolar membrane (PVM) during the entry into host cells. When applied to the human sera of which the ELISA absorbance was in negative range, 10.3% of sera detected p34, while all the ELISA positive sera detected the band. It has diagnostic usefulness of presumed T. gondii infection. We suggest the name of the p34 protein as ROP9.

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A systematic review of Toxoplasma gondii antigens to find the best vaccine candidates for immunization
Fatemeh Rezaei, Shahabeddin Sarvi, Mahdi Sharif, Seyed Hossein Hejazi, Abdol sattar Pagheh, Sargis A. Aghayan, Ahmad Daryani
Microbial Pathogenesis.2019; 126: 172. CrossRef
Electrophoretic Patterns of Toxoplasma gondii Excreted/Secreted Antigens and Their Role in Induction of the Humoral Immune Response
Ahmad Daryani, Mehdi Sharif, Hamed Kalani, Alireza Rafiei, Farzad Kalani, Ehsan Ahmadpour
Jundishapur Journal of Microbiology.2014;[Epub] CrossRef
Kiss and spit: the dual roles of Toxoplasma rhoptries
John C. Boothroyd, Jean-Francois Dubremetz
Nature Reviews Microbiology.2008; 6(1): 79. CrossRef
A role of carboxy-terminal region of Toxoplasma gondii-heat shock protein 70 in enhancement of T. gondii infection in mice
Hye-Seong Mun, Kazumi Norose, Fumie Aosai, Mei Chen, Akihiko Yano
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2000; 38(2): 107. CrossRef

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Monoclonal antibodies to recombinant Der p 2, a major house dust mite allergen: specificity, epitope analysis and development of two-site capture ELISA: Tai-Soon Yong, Sang-Mi Lee, Gab-Man Park, In-Yong Lee, Han-Il Ree, Kyung-Sup Kim, Sang-Hwan Oh, Jung-Won Park, Chein-Soo Hong; Korean J Parasitol 1999;37(3):163-169.
Published online September 20, 1999; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.1999.37.3.163

Abstract
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House dust mite allergens have been well established as sensitizing agents that are important in the induction of allergic diseases. In order to analyze epitopes of the allergen and to develop a quantitative method of the allergen exposure, monoclonal antibodies against a recombinant Der p 2 (rDer p 2), one of the major allergens of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, were produced. Four monoclonal antibodies produced were species-specific and did not cross-react to the D. farinae crude extract. Two of the monoclonal antibodies were found to be IgG1 and the others were IgM. For the analysis of epitopes, a Der p 2 cDNA encoding 126 amino acids (aa) was dissected into three fragments with several overlapping peptides, A (aa residues 1-49), B (44-93), and C fragment (84-126). Three monoclonal antibodies showed reactivities to the recombinant B fragment and to the full-length rDer p 2, but one monoclonal antibody reacted only with the full-length rDer p 2. Two-site capture ELISA was developed using two different monoclonal antibodies for quantitating Der p 2 in house dust. The sensitivity limit was 4 ng/ml with rDer p 2 and 8 ?g/ml with the D. pteronyssinus crude extract. The result suggested that the assay using monoclonal antibodies against rDer p 2 could be useful for the environmental studies and for the standardization of mite allergen extracts.

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Determination of immunogenic epitopes in major house dust mite allergen, Der p 2, via nanoallergens
Jenna Sjoerdsma, Franklin Mejia, Basar Bilgicer
Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology.2022; 129(2): 231. CrossRef
Mapping Mimotopes for House Dust Mite Allergen Der f 7 Using a Specific Monoclonal Antibody
Jianglong Peng, Hao Yin, Ying Zhou, Haoyuan Jia, Yubao Cui
Protein & Peptide Letters.2019; 26(3): 184. CrossRef
Expression and purification of a major allergen, Pla a 1, from Platanus acerifolia pollen and the preparation of its monoclonal antibody
Wei-Wei Ni, Wen Huang, De-Qin Wu, Yan-Jun Zhou, Chun-Mei Ji, Meng-Da Cao, Miao Guo, Jin-Lu Sun, Ji-Fu Wei
Molecular Medicine Reports.2017; 16(3): 2887. CrossRef
Review on Ecology of House Dust Mites in Korea and Suggestion of a Standard Survey Method
Tai-Soon Yong, Kyoung-Yong Jeong
Pediatric Allergy and Respiratory Disease.2011; 21(1): 4. CrossRef
Monoclonal antibodies against recombinant Der f 3 reveal localization of Der f 3 in the gut and faecal pellets of Dermatophagoides farinae
Zheng-ke Zhan, Kun-mei Ji, Xiao-yu Liu, Zhi-gang Liu, Meng Li, Jia-jie Chen, Jia-na Li, Shi Qiu
Experimental and Applied Acarology.2010; 52(1): 63. CrossRef
Household Arthropod Allergens in Korea
Tai-Soon Yong, Kyoung Yong Jeong
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2009; 47(Suppl): S143. CrossRef
Mimotopes identify conformational B-cell epitopes on the two major house dust mite allergens Der p 1 and Der p 2
Krisztina Szalai, Jan Fuhrmann, Tea Pavkov, Michael Scheidl, Julia Wallmann, Kira H. Brämswig, Susanne Vrtala, Otto Scheiner, Walter Keller, Jean-Marie Saint-Remy, Dirk Neumann, Isabella Pali-Schöll, Erika Jensen-Jarolim
Molecular Immunology.2008; 45(5): 1308. CrossRef
Monoclonal antibodies to recombinant Der f 2 and development of a two‐site ELISA sensitive to major Der f 2 isoallergen in Korea
K.Y. Jeong, H.S. Jin, S.H. Oh, C.‐S. Hong, I.‐Y. Lee, H.‐I. Ree, T.‐S. Yong
Allergy.2002; 57(1): 29. CrossRef
Monoclonal antibodies to recombinant Der f 2 and development of a two-site ELISA sensitive to major Der f 2 isoallergen in Korea
K.Y. Jeong, H.S. Jin, S.H. Oh, C.-S. Hong, I.-Y. Lee, H.-I. Ree, T.-S. Yong
Allergy.2002; 57(1): 29. CrossRef
Localization of Der f 2 in the gut and fecal pellets of Dermatophagoides farinae
K. Y. Jeong, I.‐Y. Lee, H.‐I. Ree, C.‐S. Hong, T.‐S. Yong
Allergy.2002; 57(8): 729. CrossRef
Localization of a major allergen, Der p 2, in the gut and faecal pellets of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus
Park, Lee, Lee, Ree, Kim, Hong, Yong
Clinical & Experimental Allergy.2000; 30(9): 1293. CrossRef

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Identification of Chironomus kiiensis allergens, a dominant species of non-biting midges in Korea: Tai-Soon Yong, Jong-Seok Lee, In-Yong Lee, Soon-Jung Park, Gab-Man Park, Han-Il Ree, Jung-Won Park, Chein-Soo Hong, Hae-Sim Park; Korean J Parasitol 1999;37(3):171-179.
Published online September 30, 1999; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.1999.37.3.171

Abstract
PDF

Non-biting midges are known to contain potent inhalant allergens. IgE antibody responses to the crude extract of Chironomus kiiensis adults, a dominant chironomid species in Korea, were examined. With the IgE-ELISA or passive cutaneous anaphylaxis reactions, increased levels of chironomid-specific IgE were detected in the skin test positive human sera, or immunized BALB/c mouse sera with the crude extract adsorbed to alum. IgE-immunoblot analysis showed major IgE-reacting protein band patterns, which reacted with more than 50% of the skin test positive human sera, at 110, 80, 73, 46, 40, 37, 34, and 31 kDa. The reactive band patterns were largely similar between skin test positive humans and immune BALB/c mice. However, the bands of 55, 31, 27, 26, 24, and 23 kDa were found only in sensitized humans, but not in immunized mice.

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A. Barre, E. Velazquez, A. Delplanque, S. Caze-Subra, F. Bienvenu, J. Bienvenu, H. Benoist, P. Rougé
Revue Française d'Allergologie.2016; 56(7-8): 522. CrossRef
Haemoglobin, a new major allergen of Anisakis simplex
Juan González-Fernández, Alvaro Daschner, Natalie E. Nieuwenhuizen, Andreas L. Lopata, Consolación De Frutos, Ana Valls, Carmen Cuéllar
International Journal for Parasitology.2015; 45(6): 399. CrossRef
An Asiatic Chironomid in Brazil: morphology, DNA barcode and bionomics
Gizelle Amora, Neusa Hamada, Lívia Maria Fusari, Vanderly Andrade-Souza
ZooKeys.2015; 514: 129. CrossRef
L’effet inflammatoire de l’extrait brut de Phaenopsectra flavipes (Diptera : Chironomidae) du Nord-Est algérien, chez un modèle murin (Mus musculus)
Z. Bensakhri, K. Zerguine, I. Bouguenoun, D. Bendjeddou
Revue Française d'Allergologie.2014; 54(7): 485. CrossRef
Six new and two newly recorded species of Chironomidae (Insecta: Diptera) in Korea
Han Il Ree
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Two New and Four Unrecorded Species of Chironomidae (Diptera) in Korea
Han-Il Ree, Sung-Hyun Nam, Kyoung-Yong Jeong
Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity.2012; 28(1): 2. CrossRef
Eight New and Four Newly Recorded Species of Chironomidae (Insecta: Diptera) from Korea
Han Il Ree
Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity.2012; 28(4): 241. CrossRef
Household Arthropod Allergens in Korea
Tai-Soon Yong, Kyoung Yong Jeong
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2009; 47(Suppl): S143. CrossRef
Molecular Cloning and Characterization of Tropomyosin, a Major Allergen of Chironomus kiiensis , a Dominant Species of Nonbiting Midges in Korea
Kyoung Yong Jeong, Hye-Yung Yum, In-Yong Lee, Han-Il Ree, Chein-Soo Hong, Dong Soo Kim, Tai-Soon Yong
Clinical and Vaccine Immunology.2004; 11(2): 320. CrossRef

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Phylogenetic relationships among Acanthamoeba spp. based on PCR-RFLP analyses of mitochondrial small subunit rRNA gene: Hak-Sun Yu, Mee-Yul Hwang, Tae-Ook Kim, Ho-Cheol Yun, Tae-Ho Kim, Hyun-Hee Kong, Dong-Il Chung; Korean J Parasitol 1999;37(3):181-188.
Published online September 30, 1999; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.1999.37.3.181

Abstract
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We investigated the value of mitochondrial small subunit rRNA gene (mt SSU rDNA) PCR-RFLP as a taxonomic tool for Acanthamoeba isolates with close interrelationships. Twenty-five isolates representing 20 species were included in the analysis. As in nuclear 18S rDNA analysis, two type strains (A. astronyxis and A. tubiashi) of morphological group 1 diverged earliest from the other strains, but the divergence between them was less than in 18S riboprinting. Acanthamoeba griffini of morphological group 2 branched between pathogenic (A. culbertsoni A-1 and A. healyi OC-3A) and nonpathogenic (A. palestinensis Reich, A. pustulosa GE-3a, A. royreba Oak Ridge, and A lenticulata PD2S) strains of morphological group 3. Among the remaining isolates of morphological group 2, the Chang strain had the identical mitochondrial riboprints as the type strain of A. hatchetti. AA2 and AA1, the type strains of A. divionensis and A. paradivionensis, respectively, had the identical riboprints as A. quina Vil3 and A. castellanii Ma. Although the branching orders of A. castellanii Neff, A. polyphaga P23, A. triangularis SH621, and A. lugdunensis L3a were different from those in 18S riboprinting analysis, the results obtained from this study generally coincided well with those from 18S riboprinting. Mitochondrial riboprinting may have an advantage over nuclear 18S rDNA riboprinting because the mt SSU rDNAs do not seem to have introns that are found in the 18S genes of Acanthamoeba and that distort phylogenetic analyses.

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Case Report

An incidental case of human Heterophyes nocens infection diagnosed by sectional morphology in a biopsy specimen of the small intestine: Yong-Suk Ryang, Chi-Young Lee, Kyu-Jae Lee, Soon-Hyung Lee, Jong-Yil Chai; Korean J Parasitol 1999;37(3):189-194.
Published online September 30, 1999; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.1999.37.3.189

Abstract
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A case of human infection with Heterophyes nocens (Heterophyidae) was incidentally found in a biopsy specimen of the Meckel's diverticulum at the upper part of the small intestine. The patient was a 58-year-old man living in a rural area of Talsong-gun, Kyongsangbuk-do. He had gastrointestinal symptoms such as epigastric pain, indigestion, and abdominal discomfort for 3 months, and severe diarrhea, abdominal pain, and vomiting for about 1 month before hospitalization. Endoscopy of the upper part of the small intestine revealed a Meckel's diverticulum, and it was excised and histopathologically examined. Three adult flukes were incidentally found sectioned in the mucosa, and they were identified as H. nocens. The patient had a history of eating raw mullets at a fish market in Pusan 6 months ago, and the mullets were presumed to be the source of infection. This case brings a considerable interest in that specific diagnosis of heterophyid infections could be done by sectional morphology of the worms.

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