Parasites, Hosts and Diseases

"Egypt"

Brief Communication

Seropositivity of Toxoplasma gondii and Toxocara spp. in Children with Cryptogenic Epilepsy, Benha, Egypt: Maysa Ahmad Eraky, Soha Abdel-Hady, Karim Fetouh Abdallah; Korean J Parasitol 2016;54(3):335-338.
Published online June 30, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2016.54.3.335

Abstract
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The present study aimed to investigate the possible association of Toxoplasma gondii and Toxocara spp. infections with cryptogenic epilepsy in children. The study was carried out between June 2014 and March 2015. T otal 90 children (40 with cryptogenic epilepsy, 30 with non-cryptogenic epilepsy, and 20 healthy control children) were evaluated to determine the anti-Toxocara and anti-T . gondii IgG seropositivity using ELISA kits. Epileptic cases were selected from those attending the pediatrics outpatient clinic of Benha University Hospital, Pediatrics Neurology Unit, and from Benha Specialized Hospital of children. The results showed that the level of anti-T . gondii IgG seropositivity was significantly higher among children with cryptogenic epilepsy (20%) than among children with non-cryptogenic children (0%). In healthy controls (10%), there was no association between toxocariasis seropositivity and cryptogenic epilepsy (only 5.7%; 4 out of 70 cases) among cases and 10% (2 out of 20) among controls. Among toxocariasis IgG positive cases, 3 (7.5%) were cryptogenic, and only 1 (3.3%) was non-cryptogenic. These statistically significant results support the association between T . gondii infection and cryptogenic epilepsy while deny this association with toxocariasis.

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Seroprevalence and Genetic Characterization of Toxoplasma gondii among Children with Neurodevelopmental Disorders in Egypt
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Original Articles

Xenomonitoring of Different Filarial Nematodes Using Single and Multiplex PCR in Mosquitoes from Assiut Governorate, Egypt: Ahmed Kamal Dyab, Lamia Ahmed Galal, Abeer El-Sayed Mahmoud, Yasser Mokhtar; Korean J Parasitol 2015;53(1):77-83.
Published online February 27, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2015.53.1.77

Abstract
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Dirofilaria immitis, Dirofilaria immitis, and Dirofilaria repens are filarial nematodes transmitted by mosquitoes belonging to Culex, Aedes, and Anopheles genera. Screening by vector dissection is a tiresome technique. We aimed to screen filarial parasites in their vectors by single and multiplex PCR and evaluate the usefulness of multiplex PCR as a rapid xenomonitoring and simultaneous differentiation tool, in area where 3 filarial parasites are coexisting. Female mosquitoes were collected from 7 localities in Assiut Governorate, were microscopically identified and divided into pools according to their species and collection site. Detection of W. bancrofti, D. immitis, and D. repens using single PCR was reached followed by multiplex PCR. Usefulness of multiplex PCR was evaluated by testing mosquito pools to know which genera and species are used by filarial parasites as a vector. An overall estimated rate of infection (ERI) in mosquitoes was 0.6%; the highest was Culex spp. (0.47%). W. bancrofti, D. immitis, and D. repens could be simultaneously and differentially detected in infected vectors by using multiplex PCR. Out of 100 mosquito pools, 8 were positive for W. bancrofti (ERI of 0.33%) and 3 pools each were positive for D. immitis and D. repens (ERI 0.12%). The technique showed 100% sensitivity and 98% specificity. El-Nikhila, El-Matiaa villages, and Sahel Seleem district in Assiut Governorate, Egypt are still endemic foci for filarial parasites. Multiplex PCR offers a reliable procedure for molecular xenomonitoring of filariasis within their respective vectors in endemic areas. Therefore, it is recommended for evaluation of mosquito infection after lymphatic filariasis eradication programs.

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Parasites & Vectors.2018;[Epub] CrossRef
Finding Wolbachia in Filarial larvae and Culicidae Mosquitoes in Upper Egypt Governorate
Ahmed K. Dyab, Lamia A. Galal, Abeer E. Mahmoud, Yasser Mokhtar
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2016; 54(3): 265. CrossRef
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10,851 View
163 Download
13 Web of Science
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Opportunistic Parasites among Immunosuppressed Children in Minia District, Egypt: Ekhlas H. Abdel-Hafeez, Azza K. Ahmad, Basma A. Ali, Fadia A. Moslam; Korean J Parasitol 2012;50(1):57-62.
Published online March 6, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2012.50.1.57

Abstract
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A total of 450 stool samples were collected from inpatient and outpatient clinics of Pediatric Department, Minia University Hospital, Minia District, Egypt. Two groups of patients were studied, including 200 immunosuppressed and 250 immunocompetent children. Stool samples were subjected to wet saline and iodine mounts. A concentration technique (formol-ether sedimentation method) was carried out for stool samples diagnosed negative by wet saline and iodine mounts. Samples were stained by 2 different methods; acid fast stain (modified Ziehl-Neelsen stain) and Giemsa stain. Total 188 cases (94%) were diagnosed positive for parasitic infections among immunosuppressed children, whereas 150 cases (60%) were positive in immunocompetent children (P<0.0001). The most common protozoan infection in immunosuppressed group was Cryptosporidium parvum (60.2%), followed by Blastocystis hominis (12.1%), Isospora belli (9.7%), and Cyclospora caytenensis (7.8%). On the other hand, Entamoeba histolytica (24.6%) and Giardia lamblia (17.6%) were more common than other protozoans in immunocompetent children.

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