Parasites, Hosts and Diseases

"Eman El-Ahwany"

Original Articles

Protective Role of Purified Cysteine Proteinases against Fasciola gigantica Infection in Experimental Animals: Eman EL-Ahwany, Ibrahim Rabia, Faten Nagy, Mona Zoheiry, Tarek Diab, Suher Zada; Korean J Parasitol 2012;50(1):45-51.
Published online March 6, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2012.50.1.45

Abstract
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Fascioliasis is one of the public health problems in the world. Cysteine proteinases (CP) released by Fasciola gigantica play a key role in parasite feeding, migration through host tissues, and in immune evasion. There has been some evidence from several parasite systems that proteinases might have potential as protective antigens against parasitic infections. Cysteine proteinases were purified and tested in vaccine trials of sheep infected with the liver fluke. Multiple doses (2 mg of CP in Freund's adjuvant followed by 3 booster doses 1 mg each at 4 week intervals) were injected intramuscularly into sheep 1 week prior to infect orally with 300 F. gigantica metacercariae. All the sheep were humanely slaughtered 12 weeks after the first immunization. Changes in the worm burden, ova count, and humoral and cellular responses were evaluated. Significant reduction was observed in the worm burden (56.9%), bile egg count (70.7%), and fecel egg count (75.2%). Immunization with CP was also found to be associated with increases of total IgG, IgG₁, and IgG₂ (P<0.05). Data showed that the serum cytokine levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, IL-12, IFN-γ, and TNF-α, revealed significant decreases (P<0.05). However, the anti-inflammatory cytokine levels, IL-10, TGF-β, and IL-6, showed significant increases (P<0.05). In conclusion, it has been found that CP released by F. gigantica are highly important candidates for a vaccine antigen because of their role in the fluke biology and host-parasite relationships.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Genetic diversity and adaptability of native sheep breeds from different climatic zones
George Wanjala, Zoltán Bagi, Dinu Gavojdian, Bouabid Badaoui, Putri Kusuma Astuti, Alexandru Mizeranschi, Elena Ilisiu, Husein Ohran, Eva Pasic Juhas, Dimitrios Loukovitis, Aldona Kawęcka, Rūta Šveistienė, Zsolt Becskei, Péter Strausz, Nelly Kichamu, Szil
Scientific Reports.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Serodiagnosis of Fasciola gigantica Infection in Buffaloes with Native Cathepsin-L Proteases and Recombinant Cathepsin L1-D
Andleeb Aftab, Rohit Lall, Savita Bisen, Arun Anandanarayanan, Ajayta Rialch, Jayanta K. Chamuah, Shobha Yadav, M. Silamparasan, O. K. Raina
Acta Parasitologica.2020; 65(2): 413. CrossRef
A Survey on the Adjuvant Role of Naloxone Alone or Combined with Alum in Vaccination Against Fasciolosis in BALB/c Mice
Hakim Azizi, Hadi Mirzaeei, Amin Bagheri, Ali Bazi, Ali Khamesipour, Hajar Yaghoobi, Aliyar Mirzapour, Mehrdad Khatami, Samira Elikaee
Acta Parasitologica.2019;[Epub] CrossRef
Oral delivery of Bacillus subtilis spores expressing cysteine protease of Clonorchis sinensis to grass carp ( Ctenopharyngodon idellus ): Induces immune responses and has no damage on liver and intestine function
Zeli Tang, Hengchang Sun, TingJin Chen, Zhipeng Lin, Hongye Jiang, Xinyi Zhou, Cunbin Shi, Houjun Pan, Ouqin Chang, Pengli Ren, Jinyun Yu, Xuerong Li, Jin Xu, Yan Huang, Xinbing Yu
Fish & Shellfish Immunology.2017; 64: 287. CrossRef
Comparative analysis of immune effects in mice model: Clonorchis sinensis cysteine protease generated from recombinant Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis spores
Zhanshuai Wu, Zeli Tang, Mei Shang, Lu Zhao, Lina Zhou, Xiangzhan Kong, Zhipeng Lin, Hengchang Sun, Tingjin Chen, Jin Xu, Xuerong Li, Yan Huang, Xinbing Yu
Parasitology Research.2017; 116(7): 1811. CrossRef
The immunological characteristics and probiotic function of recombinant Bacillus subtilis spore expressing Clonorchis sinensis cysteine protease
Zeli Tang, Mei Shang, Tingjin Chen, Pengli Ren, Hengchang Sun, Hongling Qu, Zhipeng Lin, Lina Zhou, Jinyun Yu, Hongye Jiang, Xinyi Zhou, Xuerong Li, Yan Huang, Jin Xu, Xinbing Yu
Parasites & Vectors.2016;[Epub] CrossRef
Immunological features of LPS from Ochrobactrum intermedium on sheep experimentally infected with Fasciola hepatica
J.M. Martínez-Pérez, D. Robles-Pérez, F.A. Rojo-Vázquez, M. Martínez-Valladares
Research in Veterinary Science.2014; 97(2): 329. CrossRef
Liver fluke vaccines in ruminants: strategies, progress and future opportunities
Hayley Toet, David M. Piedrafita, Terry W. Spithill
International Journal for Parasitology.2014; 44(12): 915. CrossRef

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T Regulatory Cell Responses to Immunization with a Soluble Egg Antigen in Schistosoma mansoni-Infected Mice: Eman El-Ahwany, Ibrahim Rabia Bauiomy, Faten Nagy, Rabab Zalat, Ola Mahmoud, Suher Zada; Korean J Parasitol 2012;50(1):29-35.
Published online March 6, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2012.50.1.29

Abstract
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The aim of the study is to characterize the phenotypes of CD4⁺ CD25⁺ T regulatory cells within the liver granulomas and association with both Foxp-3 gene expression and splenic cytokines. Na?ve C57BL/6 mice were intravenously injected with multiple doses of the soluble egg antigen (SEA) 7 days before cercarial infection. The immunized and infected control groups were sacrificed 8 and 16 weeks post-infection (PI). Histopathology, parasitological parameters, splenic phenotypes for T regulatory cells, the FOXP-3 expression in hepatic granuloma using real-time PCR, and the associated splenic cytokines were studied. Histopathological examination of the liver revealed remarkable increase in degenerated ova within hepatic granuloma which decreased in diameter at weeks 8 and 16 PI (P<0.01). The percentage of T regulatory cells (CD4⁺ CD25⁺) increased significantly (P<0.01) in the immunized group compared to the infected control at weeks 8 and 16 PI. The FOXP-3 expression in hepatic granulomas increased from 10 at week 8 to 30 fold at week 16 PI in the infected control group. However, its expression in the immunized group showed an increase from 30 at week 8 to 70 fold at week 16 PI. The splenic cytokine levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, IFN-γ, IL-4, and TNF-α, showed significant decreases (P<0.05) compared to the infected control group. In conclusion, the magnitude and phenotype of the egg-induced effects on T helper responses were found to be controlled by a parallel response within the T regulatory population which provides protection in worm parasite-induced immunopathology.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

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Frontiers in Immunology.2019;[Epub] CrossRef
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Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical.2018; 51(4): 546. CrossRef
Heat Shock Protein 60 in Eggs Specifically Induces Tregs and Reduces Liver Immunopathology in Mice with Schistosomiasis Japonica
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PLOS ONE.2015; 10(9): e0139133. CrossRef
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