Parasites, Hosts and Diseases

"In-Wook Choi"

Brief Communication

Infections of Intestinal Helminth at Two Species of Field Mice, Apodemus agrarius and A. Peninsulae, in Gangwondo and Chungcheongnam-do, Korea: Jae-Hyung Lee, Shuang Gong, Yung Chul Park, Hyun-Ju Kim, In-Wook Choi, Young-Ha Lee; Korean J Parasitol 2018;56(3):301-304.
Published online June 30, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2018.56.3.301

Abstract
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Rodents are important reservoirs of diseases affecting people and livestock, and are major sources of parasite contamination of agricultural products. We surveyed the infection status of intestinal helminths in 2 species of field mice, Apodemus agrarius and A. peninsulae, captured in the agricultural fields of Gangwon-do and Chungcheongnam-do, Korea. Total 83 mice (57 A. agrarius and 26 A. peninsulae) were collected in 2 surveyed areas, and the intestines of each mouse were opened with scissors, and then intestinal contents were examined with microscope. Total 6 species of intestinal helminth were detected in 61 (73.5%) out of 83 mice examined. Four species of nematode, i.e., Nippostrongylus brasiliensis, Aspiculuris tetraptera, Heterakis spp. and ascarid, were found in 40 (48.2%), 14 (16.9%), 11 (13.3%) and 13 (15.7%) mice respectively. One species of cestode, Hymenolepis diminuta and 1 unidentified egg were also detected in the intestines of 14 (16.9%) and 1 (1.2%) mice, respectively. Conclusively, this study identified 5 helminth species in the gastrointestinal tracts of wild rodents captured in some areas in central and northern Korea, and N. brasiliensis was the most prevalent (dominant) species rather than zoonotic ones.

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Metabarcoding of bacteria and parasites in the gut of Apodemus agrarius
Soo Lim Kim, Jun Ho Choi, Myung-hee Yi, Seogwon Lee, Myungjun Kim, Singeun Oh, In-Yong Lee, Bo-Young Jeon, Tai-Soon Yong, Ju Yeong Kim
Parasites & Vectors.2022;[Epub] CrossRef

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Original Article

IL-12 and IL-23 Production in Toxoplasma gondii- or LPS Treated Jurkat T Cells via PI3K and MAPK Signaling Pathways: Hassan Ahmed Hassan Ahmed Ismail, Byung-Hun Kang, Jae-Su Kim, Jae-Hyung Lee, In-Wook Choi, Guang-Ho Cha, Jae-Min Yuk, Young-Ha Lee; Korean J Parasitol 2017;55(6):613-622.
Published online December 31, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2017.55.6.613

Abstract
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IL-12 and IL-23 are closely related in structure, and have been shown to play crucial roles in regulation of immune responses. However, little is known about the regulation of these cytokines in T cells. Here, we investigated the roles of PI3K and MAPK pathways in IL-12 and IL-23 production in human Jurkat T cells in response to Toxoplasma gondii and LPS. IL-12 and IL-23 production was significantly increased in T cells after stimulation with T. gondii or LPS. T. gondii and LPS increased the phosphorylation of AKT, ERK1/2, p38 MAPK, and JNK1/2 in T cells from 10 min post-stimulation, and peaked at 30-60 min. Inhibition of the PI3K pathway reduced IL-12 and IL-23 production in T. gondii-infected cells, but increased in LPS-stimulated cells. IL-12 and IL-23 production was significantly reduced by ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK inhibitors in T. gondii- and LPS-stimulated cells, but not in cells treated with a JNK1/2 inhibitor. Collectively, IL-12 and IL-23 production was positively regulated by PI3K and JNK1/2 in T. gondii-infected Jurkat cells, but negatively regulated in LPS-stimulated cells. And ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK positively regulated IL-12 and IL-23 production in Jurkat T cells. These data indicate that T. gondii and LPS induced IL-12 and IL-23 production in Jurkat T cells through the regulation of the PI3K and MAPK pathways; however, the mechanism underlying the stimulation of IL-12 and IL-23 production by T. gondii in Jurkat T cells is different from that of LPS.

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Jianhong Ge, Hongqian Chu, Qianqian Xiao, Weidong Hao, Jing Shang, Tong Zhu, Zhaogang Sun, Xuetao Wei
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Nour Mammari, Mohamad Adnan Halabi, Souha Yaacoub, Hilda Chlala, Marie-Laure Dardé, Bertrand Courtioux
BioMed Research International.2019; 2019: 1. CrossRef

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Brief Communication

Fasciola hepatica: Infection Status of Freshwater Snails Collected from Gangwon-do (Province), Korea: Jae-Hyung Lee, Juan-Hua Quan, In-Wook Choi, Gab-Man Park, Guang-Ho Cha, Hyun-Ju Kim, Jae-Min Yuk, Young-Ha Lee; Korean J Parasitol 2017;55(1):95-98.
Published online February 28, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2017.55.1.95

Abstract
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Fasciola hepatica is a trematode that causes zoonosis, mainly in cattle and sheep, and occasionally in humans. Few recent studies have determined the infection status of this fluke in Korea. In August 2015, we collected 402 samples of freshwater snails at Hoenggye-ri (upper stream) and Suha-ri (lower stream) of Song-cheon (stream) in Daegwalnyeong-myeon, Pyeongchang-gun in Gangwon-do (Province) near many large cattle or sheep farms. F. hepatica infection was determined using PCR on the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS-2). Among the 402 samples, F. hepatica 1TS-2 marker was detected in 6 freshwater snails; thus, the overall prevalence in freshwater snails was 1.5%. The prevalence varied between collection areas, ranging from 0.0% at Hoenggye-ri to 2.9% at Suha-ri. However, F. gigantica ITS-2 was not detected in the 6 F. hepatica-positive samples by PCR. The nucleotide sequences of the 6 F. hepatica ITS-2 PCR-positive samples were 99.4% identical to the F. hepatica ITS-2 sequences in GenBank, whereas they were 98.4% similar to F. gigantica ITS-2 sequences. These results indicated that the prevalence of F. hepatica in snail intermediate hosts was 1.5% in Gangwon-do, Korea; however the prevalence varied between collection areas. These results may help us to understand F. hepatica infection status in natural environments.

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Fasciola hepatica infection in Korean water deer (Hydropotes inermis argyropus)
Na-Hyeon Kim, Min-Gyeong Seo, Bumseok Kim, Yu Jeong Jeon, In Jung Jung, Il-Hwa Hong
Parasites, Hosts and Diseases.2025; 63(3): 243. CrossRef
Countering Zoonotic Diseases: Current Scenario and Advances in Diagnostics, Monitoring, Prophylaxis and Therapeutic Strategies
Saurabh Gupta, Rasanpreet Kaur, Jagdip Singh Sohal, Shoor Vir Singh, Kaushik Das, Manish Kumar Sharma, Jitendra Singh, Shalini Sharma, Kuldeep Dhama
Archives of Medical Research.2024; 55(6): 103037. CrossRef
The potential of snails as a source of food and feed
Akash Gupta, Prabhat Khanal
Journal of Agriculture and Food Research.2024; 18: 101330. CrossRef
Molluscicidal and cercaricidal effects of Persicaria senegalensis on Radix natalensis snails and their echinostome-shed cercariae in South Africa
MC Mathole, PH King
African Journal of Aquatic Science.2023; 48(1): 71. CrossRef
Epidemiology of Fasciola spp. in the intermediate host in China: A potential risk for fasciolosis transmission
Ming Pan, Shao-Yuan Bai, Tian-Kai Ji, Yi-Min Fan, Dan-Dan Liu, Yi Yang, Jian-Ping Tao, Si-Yang Huang
Acta Tropica.2022; 230: 106394. CrossRef
Economic losses, morpho-molecular identification, and identity of Fasciola species recovered from Egypt
Omima Ramadan Abdel‑Fatah, Waleed M. Arafa, Ahmed Anwar Wahba, Khaled Mohamed El‑Dakhly
Journal of Parasitic Diseases.2022; 46(4): 1036. CrossRef
Green vegetable juice as a potential source of human fascioliasis in Korea
Sungim Choi, Sunghee Park, Sooji Hong, Hyejoo Shin, Bong-Kwang Jung, Min Jae Kim
One Health.2022; 15: 100441. CrossRef
Human and Animal Fascioliasis: Origins and Worldwide Evolving Scenario
Santiago Mas-Coma, M. Adela Valero, M. Dolores Bargues
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Experimental and Clinical Transplantation.2021; 19(3): 276. CrossRef
Trematode cercarial fauna obtained from the field-collected freshwater snails Lymnaea natalensis in Egypt
Amina M. Ibrahim, Amira Kamal Ahmed
Bulletin of the National Research Centre.2019;[Epub] CrossRef
Assessment of the molluscicidal impact of extracted chlorophyllin on some biochemical parameters in the nervous tissue and histological changes in Biomphalaria alexandrina and Lymnaea natalensis snails
Amina M. Ibrahim, Fayez A. Bakry
Invertebrate Neuroscience.2019;[Epub] CrossRef
A Case of Fascioliasis in A Wild Nutria, Myocastor coypus, in Republic of Korea
Hyo-Seok Kim, Joo-Yeon Kong, Jong-Hyun Kim, Seong-Chan Yeon, Il-Hwa Hong
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2018; 56(4): 375. CrossRef
Purification and biochemical characterization of a 22-kDa stable cysteine- like protease from the excretory-secretory product of the liver fluke Fasciola hepatica by using conventional techniques
Ahmed Hemici, Roumaila Sabrina Benerbaiha, Dalila Bendjeddou
Journal of Chromatography B.2017; 1068-1069: 268. CrossRef

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Original Article

Production of IL-1β and Inflammasome with Up-Regulated Expressions of NOD-Like Receptor Related Genes in Toxoplasma gondii-Infected THP-1 Macrophages: Jia-Qi Chu, Ge Shi, Yi-Ming Fan, In-Wook Choi, Guang-Ho Cha, Yu Zhou, Young-Ha Lee, Juan-Hua Quan; Korean J Parasitol 2016;54(6):711-717.
Published online December 31, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2016.54.6.711

Abstract
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Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular parasite that stimulates production of high levels of proinflammatory cytokines, which are important for innate immunity. NLRs, i.e., nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors, play a crucial role as innate immune sensors and form multiprotein complexes called inflammasomes, which mediate caspase-1-dependent processing of pro-IL-1β. To elucidate the role of inflammasome components in T. gondii-infected THP-1 macrophages, we examined inflammasome-related gene expression and mechanisms of inflammasome-regulated cytokine IL-1β secretion. The results revealed a significant upregulation of IL-1β after T. gondii infection. T. gondii infection also upregulated the expression of inflammasome sensors, including NLRP1, NLRP3, NLRC4, NLRP6, NLRP8, NLRP13, AIM2, and NAIP, in a time-dependent manner. The infection also upregulated inflammasome adaptor protein ASC and caspase-1 mRNA levels. From this study, we newly found that T. gondii infection regulates NLRC4, NLRP6, NLRP8, NLRP13, AIM2, and neuronal apoptosis inhibitor protein (NAIP) gene expressions in THP-1 macrophages and that the role of the inflammasome-related genes may be critical for mediating the innate immune responses to T. gondii infection.

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Asmaa Ibrahim, Nancy O. kamel, Fatma Rageh, Rasha Elgamal, Mohamed A. Sakr, Eman M. Osman, Samar s. Ahmed, Hend A. Yassin, Yasmine N. Kamel, Reham F. Othman, Manar Ezzelarab Ramadan
Microbes and Infection.2025; 27(7): 105559. CrossRef
Early responses of primary human and bovine monocytes, monocytic THP-1 cells and THP-1 cell-derived macrophages to vital Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites
Dominik Hanke, Zahady D. Velásquez, Kathrin Büttner, Andreas Krueger, Ralf Ross, Andreas Hecker, Sybille Mazurek, Veronika Grau, Anja Taubert, Carlos Hermosilla, Katrin Richter, Iván Conejeros
Frontiers in Immunology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Unraveling the NLRP family: Structure, function, activation, critical influence on tumor progression, and potential as targets for cancer therapy
Xueqing Zhou, Yongguang Tao, Ying Shi
Cancer Letters.2024; 605: 217283. CrossRef
Role of inflammasomes in Toxoplasma and Plasmodium infections
Zhi-xin Wang, Wan-jun Jiao, Yong Yang, Hong-li Liu, Hai-long Wang
Parasites & Vectors.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
NLRP13 inflammasome complex is hypermethylated in familial Mediterranean fever and global methylation correlates with the disease severity
Feyzanur Yildirimtepe Caldiran, Koksal Deveci, Ercan Cacan
Annals of Human Genetics.2023; 87(3): 115. CrossRef
Overview of Apoptosis, Autophagy, and Inflammatory Processes in Toxoplasma gondii Infected Cells
Ehsan Ahmadpour, Farhad Babaie, Tohid Kazemi, Sirous Mehrani Moghaddam, Ata Moghimi, Ramin Hosseinzadeh, Veeranoot Nissapatorn, Abdol Sattar Pagheh
Pathogens.2023; 12(2): 253. CrossRef
P2X7 Receptor Modulation of the Gut Microbiota and the Inflammasome Determines the Severity of Toxoplasma gondii-Induced Ileitis
Aline Cristina Abreu Moreira-Souza, Hayandra Ferreira Nanini, Thuany Prado Rangel, Sthefani Rodrigues Batista da Silva, Beatriz Pêgo Damasceno, Beatriz Elias Ribeiro, Cynthia M. Cascabulho, Fabiano Thompson, Camille Leal, Patrícia Teixeira Santana, Siane
Biomedicines.2023; 11(2): 555. CrossRef
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Cássio Luiz Coutinho Almeida-da-Silva, Luiz Eduardo Baggio Savio, Robson Coutinho-Silva, David M. Ojcius
Frontiers in Immunology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
NLRP3 Plays a Key Role in Antihelminth Immunity in the Enteral and Parenteral Stages of Trichinella spiralis-Infected Mice
Tian-Xu Pan, Hai-Bin Huang, Hui-Nan Lu, Guang-Xun Zhao, Yu Quan, Jun-Yi Li, Ying Xue, Zhi-Yu Zhu, Yue Wang, Chun-Wei Shi, Nan Wang, Gui-Lian Yang, Chun-Feng Wang, De’Broski R. Herbert
Infection and Immunity.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Toxoplasma gondii profilin induces NLRP3 activation and IL-1β production/secretion in THP-1 cells
Hossein Pazoki, Hamed Mirjalali, Maryam Niyyati, Seyed Javad Seyed Tabaei, Nariman Mosaffa, Shabnam Shahrokh, Hamid Asadzadeh Ahdaei, Andreas Kupz, Mohammad Reza Zali
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Discover Oncology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Toxoplasma gondii Induces Pyroptosis in Human Placental Trophoblast and Amniotic Cells by Inducing ROS Production and Activation of Cathepsin B and NLRP1/NLRP3/NLRC4/AIM2 Inflammasome
Juan-Hua Quan, Fei Fei Gao, Tian-Zhong Ma, Wei Ye, Xiang Gao, Ming-Zhu Deng, Lan-Lan Yin, In-Wook Choi, Jae-Min Yuk, Guang-Ho Cha, Young-Ha Lee, Jia-Qi Chu
The American Journal of Pathology.2023; 193(12): 2047. CrossRef
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Fillipe M. de Araújo, Lorena Cuenca-Bermejo, Emiliano Fernández-Villalba, Silvia L. Costa, Victor Diogenes A. Silva, Maria Trinidad Herrero
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Immunological Investigations.2022; 51(5): 1127. CrossRef
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Microbial Pathogenesis.2022; 164: 105379. CrossRef
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Chanjin Yoon, Yu Seong Ham, Woo Jin Gil, Chul-Su Yang
Frontiers in Immunology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
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Jia-Qi Chu, Fei Fei Gao, Weiyun Wu, Chunchao Li, Zhaobin Pan, Jinhui Sun, Hao Wang, Cong Huang, Sang Hyuk Lee, Juan-Hua Quan, Young-Ha Lee
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Patrick W. Cervantes, Bruno Martorelli Di Genova, Billy Joel Erazo Flores, Laura J. Knoll, Jeroen P. J. Saeij
Infection and Immunity.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Soluble total antigen derived from Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites increased the expression levels of NLRP1, NLRP3, NLRC4, AIM2, and the release of mature form of IL1β, but downregulated the expression of IL1β and IL18 genes in THP-1cell line
Hossein Pazoki, Hanieh Mohammad Rahimi, Hamed Mirjalali, Maryam Niyyati, Nariman Mosaffa, Seyed Javad Seyed Tabaei, Shabnam Shahrokh, Hamid Asadzadeh Aghdaei, Mohammad Reza Zali
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Ramesh Chandra Rai
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Treatment of mice with S4B6 IL-2 complex prevents lethal toxoplasmosis via IL-12- and IL-18-dependent interferon-gamma production by non-CD4 immune cells
Andreas Kupz, Saparna Pai, Paul R. Giacomin, Jennifer A. Whan, Robert A. Walker, Pierre-Mehdi Hammoudi, Nicholas C. Smith, Catherine M. Miller
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Neospora caninum infection induces an isolate virulence-dependent pro-inflammatory gene expression profile in bovine monocyte-derived macrophages
Marta García-Sánchez, Laura Jiménez-Pelayo, Pilar Horcajo, Esther Collantes-Fernández, Luis Miguel Ortega-Mora, Javier Regidor-Cerrillo
Parasites & Vectors.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
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Yongle Song, Lindong Song, Xiaoting Wan, Bang Shen, Rui Fang, Min Hu, Junlong Zhao, Yanqin Zhou
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Cytosolic Recognition of Microbes and Pathogens: Inflammasomes in Action
Jenni A. Hayward, Anukriti Mathur, Chinh Ngo, Si Ming Man
Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews.2018;[Epub] CrossRef
P2X7 receptor mediates NLRP3-dependent IL-1β secretion and parasite proliferation in Toxoplasma gondii-infected human small intestinal epithelial cells
Juan-Hua Quan, Rui Huang, Zhuang Wang, Shuai Huang, In-Wook Choi, Yu Zhou, Young-Ha Lee, Jia-Qi Chu
Parasites & Vectors.2018;[Epub] CrossRef

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Brief Communication

Monitoring of Fasciola Species Contamination in Water Dropwort by COX1 Mitochondrial and ITS-2 rDNA Sequencing Analysis: In-Wook Choi, Hwang-Yong Kim, Juan-Hua Quan, Jae-Gee Ryu, Rubing Sun, Young-Ha Lee; Korean J Parasitol 2015;53(5):641-645.
Published online October 29, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2015.53.5.641

Abstract
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Fascioliasis, a food-borne trematode zoonosis, is a disease primarily in cattle and sheep and occasionally in humans. Water dropwort (Oenanthe javanica), an aquatic perennial herb, is a common second intermediate host of Fasciola, and the fresh stems and leaves are widely used as a seasoning in the Korean diet. However, no information regarding Fasciola species contamination in water dropwort is available. Here, we collected 500 samples of water dropwort in 3 areas in Korea during February and March 2015, and the water dropwort contamination of Fasciola species was monitored by DNA sequencing analysis of the Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica specific mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) and nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS-2). Among the 500 samples assessed, the presence of F. hepatica cox1 and 1TS-2 markers were detected in 2 samples, and F. hepatica contamination was confirmed by sequencing analysis. The nucleotide sequences of cox1 PCR products from the 2 F. hepatica-contaminated samples were 96.5% identical to the F. hepatica cox1 sequences in GenBank, whereas F. gigantica cox1 sequences were 46.8% similar with the sequence detected from the cox1 positive samples. However, F. gigantica cox1 and ITS-2 markers were not detected by PCR in the 500 samples of water dropwort. Collectively, in this survey of the water dropwort contamination with Fasciola species, very low prevalence of F. hepatica contamination was detected in the samples.

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Isolation and molecular identification of liver fluke cercariae in freshwater snails of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, Iran
Bijan Hosseinpour Aghaei, Nadia Taiefi Nasrabadi, Yaser Pirali Kheirabadi, Seyed Shapoor Reza Shojaei
Molluscan Research.2024; 44(1): 84. CrossRef
Morphological and molecular identification of lymnaeid snail and trematodes cercariae in different water bodies in Perak, Malaysia
Nazir Ahmad Tookhy, Nur Mahiza Md Isa, Rozaihan Mansor, Yasmin Abd Rahaman, Nur Indah Ahmad, Dung Thi Bui, Lokman Hakim Idris, Noor Hazfalinda Hamzah, Norhadila Zulkifli
Parasitology Research.2023; 122(7): 1475. CrossRef
Green vegetable juice as a potential source of human fascioliasis in Korea
Sungim Choi, Sunghee Park, Sooji Hong, Hyejoo Shin, Bong-Kwang Jung, Min Jae Kim
One Health.2022; 15: 100441. CrossRef
Phylogenetic Characteristics of Fasciola hepatica Isolated from a Korean Patient
Mi Jin Jeong, Jae Kyun Park, Hak Sun Yu
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2022; 60(5): 367. CrossRef
A Descriptive Study of Human Fascioliasis in Qaemshahr, Mazandaran Province, Iran: Its Prevalence and Risk Factors
Lotfollah Davoodi, Azadeh Mizani, Roya Najafi-Vosough, Saeed Hosseini Teshnizi, afsane amouei, Mousa Motavallihaghi, Hamideh Izadyar, Fateme Amuei, Sara Pourhaghighi, Seyed Reza Mirbadie, Eissa Soleymani
Archives of Clinical Infectious Diseases.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
A Review ofOenanthe javanica(Blume) DC. as Traditional Medicinal Plant and Its Therapeutic Potential
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Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine.2019; 2019: 1. CrossRef
Human fascioliasis infection sources, their diversity, incidence factors, analytical methods and prevention measures
S. Mas-Coma, M. D. Bargues, M. A. Valero
Parasitology.2018; 145(13): 1665. CrossRef

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Original Articles

Involvement of PI3K/AKT and MAPK Pathways for TNF-α Production in SiHa Cervical Mucosal Epithelial Cells Infected with Trichomonas vaginalis: Jung-Bo Yang, Juan-Hua Quan, Ye-Eun Kim, Yun-Ee Rhee, Byung-Hyun Kang, In-Wook Choi, Guang-Ho Cha, Jae-Min Yuk, Young-Ha Lee; Korean J Parasitol 2015;53(4):371-377.
Published online August 25, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2015.53.4.371

Abstract
PDF

Trichomonas vaginalis induces proinflammation in cervicovaginal mucosal epithelium. To investigate the signaling pathways in TNF-α production in cervical mucosal epithelium after T. vaginalis infection, the phosphorylation of PI3K/AKT and MAPK pathways were evaluated in T. vaginalis-infected SiHa cells in the presence and absence of specific inhibitors. T. vaginalis increased TNF-α production in SiHa cells, in a parasite burden-dependent and incubation time-dependent manner. In T. vaginalis-infected SiHa cells, AKT, ERK1/2, p38 MAPK, and JNK were phosphorylated from 1 hr after infection; however, the phosphorylation patterns were different from each other. After pretreatment with inhibitors of the PI3K/AKT and MAPK pathways, TNF-α production was significantly decreased compared to the control; however, TNF-α reduction patterns were different depending on the type of PI3K/MAPK inhibitors. TNF-α production was reduced in a dose-dependent manner by treatment with wortmannin and PD98059, whereas it was increased by SP600125. These data suggested that PI3K/AKT and MAPK signaling pathways are important in regulation of TNF-α production in cervical mucosal epithelial SiHa cells. However, activation patterns of each pathway were different from the types of PI3K/MAPK pathways.

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Genetic Diversity of Schistosoma haematobium Eggs Isolated from Human Urine in Sudan: Juan-Hua Quan, In-Wook Choi, Hassan Ahmed Hassan Ahmed Ismail, Abdoelohab Saed Mohamed, Hoo-Gn Jeong, Jin-Su Lee, Sung-Tae Hong, Tai-Soon Yong, Guang-Ho Cha, Young-Ha Lee; Korean J Parasitol 2015;53(3):271-277.
Published online June 30, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2015.53.3.271

Abstract
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The genetic diversity of Schistosoma haematobium remains largely unstudied in comparison to that of Schistosoma mansoni. To characterize the extent of genetic diversity in S. haematobium among its definitive host (humans), we collected S. haematobium eggs from the urine of 73 infected schoolchildren at 5 primary schools in White Nile State, Sudan, and then performed a randomly amplified polymorphic DNA marker ITS2 by PCR-RFLP analysis. Among 73 S. haematobium egg-positive cases, 13 were selected based on the presence of the S. haematobium satellite markers A4 and B2 in their genomic DNA, and used for RFLP analysis. The 13 samples were subjected to an RFLP analysis of the S. haematobium ITS2 region; however, there was no variation in size among the fragments. Compared to the ITS2 sequences obtained for S. haematobium from Kenya, the nucleotide sequences of the ITS2 regions of S. haematobium from 4 areas in Sudan were consistent with those from Kenya (> 99%). In this study, we demonstrate for the first time that most of the S. haematobium population in Sudan consists of a pan-African S. haematobium genotype; however, we also report the discovery of Kenyan strain inflow into White Nile, Sudan.

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Analysis of DNA cox1 barcoding revealed novel haplotype in Schistosoma haematobium isolated from Western Sudan
Ishraga Adam Elzain, Abeer Babiker Idris, Abdul Aziz Karim, Nagla Mohamed Ahmed, Salaheldein G. Elzaki, Semih Yılmaz, Mohamed A. Hassan, Hamid Suliman Abdalla
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Lady Charlène Kouna, Sandrine Lydie Oyegue-Liabagui, Chenis Nick Atiga, Chérone Nancy Mbani Mpega Ntigui, Roméo Karl Imboumy-Limoukou, Jean Claude Biteghe BI Essone, Steede Seinnat Ontoua, Diamella Nancy Moukodoum, Alain Prince Okouga, Jean Bernard Lekana
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P. Pillay, J.A. Downs, J.M. Changalucha, E.A.T. Brienen, C.E. Ramarokoto, P.D.C. Leutscher, B.J. Vennervald, M. Taylor, E.F. Kjetland, L. Van Lieshout
Acta Tropica.2020; 204: 105363. CrossRef

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Fasciola hepatica in Snails Collected from Water-Dropwort Fields using PCR: Hwang-Yong Kim, In-Wook Choi, Yeon-Rok Kim, Juan-Hua Quan, Hassan Ahmed Hassan Ahmed Ismail, Guang-Ho Cha, Sung-Jong Hong, Young-Ha Lee; Korean J Parasitol 2014;52(6):645-652.
Published online December 23, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2014.52.6.645

Abstract
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Fasciola hepatica is a trematode that causes zoonosis mainly in cattle and sheep and occasionally in humans. Fascioliasis has been reported in Korea; however, determining F. hepatica infection in snails has not been done recently. Thus, using PCR, we evaluated the prevalence of F. hepatica infection in snails at 4 large water-dropwort fields. Among 349 examined snails, F. hepatica-specific internal transcribed space 1 (ITS-1) and/or ITS-2 markers were detected in 12 snails and confirmed using sequence analysis. Morphologically, 213 of 349 collected snails were dextral shelled, which is the same aperture as the lymnaeid snail, the vectorial host for F. hepatica. Among the 12 F. hepatica-infected snails, 6 were known first intermediate hosts in Korea (Lymnaea viridis and L. ollula) and the remaining 6 (Lymnaea sp.) were potentially a new first intermediate host in Korea. It has been shown that the overall prevalence of the snails contaminated with F. hepatica in water-dropwort fields was 3.4%; however, the prevalence varied among the fields. This is the first study to estimate the prevalence of F. hepatica infection using the vectorial capacity of the snails in Korea.

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Philile Ignecious Ngcamphalala, Ignore Nyagura, Mokgadi Pulane Malatji, Samson Mukaratirwa
PeerJ.2025; 13: e18976. CrossRef
Green vegetable juice as a potential source of human fascioliasis in Korea
Sungim Choi, Sunghee Park, Sooji Hong, Hyejoo Shin, Bong-Kwang Jung, Min Jae Kim
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Xiao-Ting Lu, Qiu-Yun Gu, Yanin Limpanont, Lan-Gui Song, Zhong-Dao Wu, Kamolnetr Okanurak, Zhi-Yue Lv
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Gregorio L. Martin I, Esperanza C. Cabrera
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Hyo-Seok Kim, Joo-Yeon Kong, Jong-Hyun Kim, Seong-Chan Yeon, Il-Hwa Hong
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Monitoring of Fasciola Species Contamination in Water Dropwort by COX1 Mitochondrial and ITS-2 rDNA Sequencing Analysis
In-Wook Choi, Hwang-Yong Kim, Juan-Hua Quan, Jae-Gee Ryu, Rubing Sun, Young-Ha Lee
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2015; 53(5): 641. CrossRef
Ectopic Human <i>Fasciola hepatica</i> Infection by an Adult Worm in the Mesocolon
Ah Jin Kim, Chang Hwan Choi, Sun Keun Choi, Yong Woon Shin, Yun-Kyu Park, Lucia Kim, Suk Jin Choi, Jee Young Han, Joon Mee Kim, Young Chae Chu, In Suh Park
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2015; 53(6): 725. CrossRef

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Trichomonas vaginalis Metalloproteinase Induces mTOR Cleavage of SiHa Cells: Juan-Hua Quan, In-Wook Choi, Jung-Bo Yang, Wei Zhou, Guang-Ho Cha, Yu Zhou, Jae-Sook Ryu, Young-Ha Lee; Korean J Parasitol 2014;52(6):595-603.
Published online December 23, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2014.52.6.595

Abstract
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Trichomonas vaginalis secretes a number of proteases which are suspected to be the cause of pathogenesis; however, little is understood how they manipulate host cells. The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) regulates cell growth, cell proliferation, cell motility, cell survival, protein synthesis, and transcription. We detected various types of metalloproteinases including GP63 protein from T. vaginalis trophozoites, and T. vaginalis GP63 metalloproteinase was confirmed by sequencing and western blot. When SiHa cells were stimulated with live T. vaginalis, T. vaginalis excretory-secretory products (ESP) or T. vaginalis lysate, live T. vaginalis and T. vaginalis ESP induced the mTOR cleavage in both time- and parasite load-dependent manner, but T. vaginalis lysate did not. Pretreatment of T. vaginalis with a metalloproteinase inhibitor, 1,10-phenanthroline, completely disappeared the mTOR cleavage in SiHa cells. Collectively, T. vaginalis metallopeptidase induces host cell mTOR cleavage, which may be related to survival of the parasite.

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Chromatin accessibility and gene expression in the parasite Trichomonas vaginalis
Agustina Prat, Daniela Muñoz, Ayelen Lizarraga, Julieta Seifert-Gorzycki, Estefania Sanchez-Vazquez, Patricia J. Johnson, Pablo H. Strobl-Mazzulla, Natalia de Miguel
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Graziela Vargas Rigo, Fernanda Gomes Cardoso, Giulia Bongiorni Galego, Deisiane Fernanda da Rosa, André Luis Souza dos Santos, Tiana Tasca
Current Protein & Peptide Science.2023; 24(4): 307. CrossRef
VPS32, a member of the ESCRT complex, modulates adherence to host cells in the parasite Trichomonas vaginalis by affecting biogenesis and cargo sorting of released extracellular vesicles
Nehuén Salas, Veronica M. Coceres, Tuanne dos Santos Melo, Antonio Pereira-Neves, Vanina G. Maguire, Tania M. Rodriguez, Bruna Sabatke, Marcel I. Ramirez, Jihui Sha, James A. Wohlschlegel, Natalia de Miguel
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Adherent Bacteria and Parasiticidal Secretion Products of Human Cervicovaginal Microbiota-Associated Lactobacillus gasseri Confer Non-Identical Cell Protection against Trichomonas vaginalis-Induced Cell Detachment
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The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2015; 53(4): 371. CrossRef

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Brief Communication

Effects of Some Pesticides on Development of Ascaris suum Eggs: Yong-Man Yu, Jin-Won Kim, Won-Seok Na, Young-Nam Youn, In-Wook Choi, Young-Ha Lee; Korean J Parasitol 2014;52(1):111-115.
Published online February 19, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2014.52.1.111

Abstract
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To evaluate the effects of pesticides to parasite eggs, Ascaris suum eggs were incubated with 5 different pesticides (1:1,500-1:2,000 dilutions of 2% emamectin benzoate, 5% spinetoram, 5% indoxacarb, 1% deltamethrin, and 5% flufenoxuron; all v/v) at 20℃ for 6 weeks, and microscopically evaluated the egg survival and development on a weekly basis. The survival rate of A. suum eggs incubated in normal saline (control eggs) was 90±3% at 6 weeks. However, the survival rates of eggs treated with pesticides were 75-85% at this time, thus significantly lower than the control value. Larval development in control eggs commenced at 3 weeks, and 73±3% of eggs had internal larvae at 6 weeks. Larvae were evident in pesticide-treated eggs at 3-4 weeks, and the proportions of eggs carrying larvae at 6 weeks (36±3%-54±3%) were significantly lower than that of the control group. Thus, pesticides tested at levels similar to those used in agricultural practices exhibited low-level ovicidal activity and delayed embryogenesis of A. suum eggs, although some differences were evident among the tested pesticides.

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Xin Wang, Mengya Zhang, Danruo Zhang, Yelian Yan, Qiuchen Liu, Changzhi Xu, Zhihua Zhu, Sucheng Wu, Yanfeng Zong, Zubing Cao, Yunhai Zhang
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Original Article

Kinetics of IL-23 and IL-12 Secretion in Response to Toxoplasma gondii Antigens from THP-1 Monocytic Cells: Juan-Hua Quan, Wei Zhou, Guang-Ho Cha, In-Wook Choi, Dae-Whan Shin, Young-Ha Lee; Korean J Parasitol 2013;51(1):85-92.
Published online February 18, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2013.51.1.85

Abstract
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IL-23 and IL-12 are structurally similar and critical for the generation of efficient cellular immune responses. Toxoplasma gondii induces a strong cell-mediated immune response. However, little is known about IL-23 secretion profiles in T. gondii-infected immune cells in connection with IL-12. We compared the patterns of IL-23 and IL-12 production by THP-1 human monocytic cells in response to stimulation with live or heat-killed T. gondii tachyzoites, or with equivalent quantities of either T. gondii excretory/secretory proteins (ESP) or soluble tachyzoite antigen (STAg). IL-23 and IL-12 were significantly increased from 6 hr after stimulation with T. gondii antigens, and their secretions were increased with parasite dose-dependent manner. IL-23 concentrations were significantly higher than those of IL-12 at the same multiplicity of infection. IL-23 secretion induced by live parasites was significantly higher than that by heat-killed parasites, ESP, or STAg, whereas IL-12 secretion by live parasite was similar to those of ESP or STAg. However, the lowest levels of both cytokines were at stimulation with heat-killed parasites. These data indicate that IL-23 secretion patterns by stimulation with various kinds of T. gondii antigens at THP-1 monocytic cells are similar to those of IL-12, even though the levels of IL-23 induction were significantly higher than those of IL-12. The detailed kinetics induced by each T. gondii antigen were different from each other.

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Youngsub Lee, Woo H. Kim, Hyoyoun Nam, Hyun S. Lillehoj
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T. gondii excretory proteins promote the osteogenic differentiation of human bone mesenchymal stem cells via the BMP/Smad signaling pathway
Mingzhu Deng, Feifei Gao, Tianfeng Liu, Weiqiang Zhan, Juanhua Quan, Ziquan Zhao, Xuyang Wu, Zhuolan Zhong, Hong Zheng, Jiaqi Chu
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IL-12 and IL-23 Production in Toxoplasma gondii- or LPS Treated Jurkat T Cells via PI3K and MAPK Signaling Pathways
Hassan Ahmed Hassan Ahmed Ismail, Byung-Hun Kang, Jae-Su Kim, Jae-Hyung Lee, In-Wook Choi, Guang-Ho Cha, Jae-Min Yuk, Young-Ha Lee
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2017; 55(6): 613. CrossRef
Cytokine response of human THP-1 macrophages to Trichomonas tenax
Emily J. Govro, Melissa K. Stuart
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Liliana M. R. Silva, Tamara Muñoz-Caro, Rafael A. Burgos, Maria A. Hidalgo, Anja Taubert, Carlos Hermosilla
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D. Pérez, M.C. Muñoz, J.M. Molina, T. Muñoz-Caro, L.M.R. Silva, A. Taubert, C. Hermosilla, A. Ruiz
Veterinary Parasitology.2016; 227: 143. CrossRef
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Barbara A. Fox, Kiah L. Sanders, Leah M. Rommereim, Rebekah B. Guevara, David J. Bzik, Imtiaz A Khan
PLOS Genetics.2016; 12(7): e1006189. CrossRef
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Jundishapur Journal of Microbiology.2015;[Epub] CrossRef
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Juan-Hua Quan, Jia-Qi Chu, Jaeyul Kwon, In-Wook Choi, Hassan Ahmed Hassan Ahmed Ismail, Wei Zhou, Guang-Ho Cha, Yu Zhou, Jae-Min Yuk, Eun-Kyeong Jo, Young-Ha Lee, Salvatore V Pizzo
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Parasitology Research.2014; 113(11): 4189. CrossRef

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Brief Communication

Quantitative Evaluation of Viability- and Apoptosis-Related Genes in Ascaris suum Eggs under Different Culture-Temperature Conditions: Yong-Man Yu, You-Hang Cho, Young-Nam Youn, Juan Hua Quan, In-Wook Choi, Young-Ha Lee; Korean J Parasitol 2012;50(3):243-247.
Published online August 13, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2012.50.3.243

Abstract
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Ascaris suum eggs are inactivated by composting conditions; however, it is difficult to find functional changes in heat-treated A. suum eggs. Here, unembryonated A. suum eggs were incubated at 20℃, 50℃, and 70℃ in vitro, and the gene expression levels related to viability, such as eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (IF4E), phosphofructokinase 1 (PFK1), and thioredoxin 1 (TRX1), and to apoptosis, such as apoptosis-inducing factor 1 (AIF1) and cell death protein 6 (CDP6), were evaluated by real-time quantitative RT-PCR. No prominent morphological alterations were noted in the eggs at 20℃ until day 10. In contrast, the eggs developed rapidly, and embryonated eggs and hatched larvae began to die, starting on day 2 at 50℃ and day 1 at 70℃. At 20℃, IF4E, PFK1, and TRX1 mRNA expression was significantly increased from days 2-4; however, AIF1 and CDP6 mRNA expression was not changed significantly. IF4E, PFK1, and TRX1 mRNA expression was markedly decreased from day 2 at 50℃ and 70℃, whereas AIF1 and CDP6 mRNA expression was significantly increased. The expressions of HSP70 and HSP90 were detected for 9-10 days at 20℃, for 3-5 days at 50℃, and for 2 days at 70℃. Taken together, incremental heat increases were associated with the rapid development of A. suum eggs, decreased expression of genes related to viability, and earlier expression of apoptosis-related genes, and finally these changes of viability- and apoptosis-related genes of A. suum eggs were associated with survival of the eggs under temperature stress.

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The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2014; 52(1): 111. CrossRef

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Original Articles

Gene Expression Profiles in Genetically Different Mice Infected with Toxoplasma gondii: ALDH1A2, BEX2, EGR2, CCL3 and PLAU: Hassan Ahmed Hassan Ahmed Ismail, Juan-Hua Quan, Zhou Wei, In-Wook Choi, Guang-Ho Cha, Dae-Whan Shin, Young-Ha Lee, Chang-June Song; Korean J Parasitol 2012;50(1):7-13.
Published online March 6, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2012.50.1.7

Abstract
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Toxoplasma gondii can modulate host cell gene expression; however, determining gene expression levels in intermediate hosts after T. gondii infection is not known much. We selected 5 genes (ALDH1A2, BEX2, CCL3, EGR2 and PLAU) and compared the mRNA expression levels in the spleen, liver, lung and small intestine of genetically different mice infected with T. gondii. ALDH1A2 mRNA expressions of both mouse strains were markedly increased at day 1-4 postinfection (PI) and then decreased, and its expressions in the spleen and lung were significantly higher in C57BL/6 mice than those of BALB/c mice. BEX2 and CCR3 mRNA expressions of both mouse strains were significantly increased from day 7 PI and peaked at day 15-30 PI (P<0.05), especially high in the spleen liver or small intestine of C57BL/6 mice. EGR2 and PLAU mRNA expressions of both mouse strains were significantly increased after infection, especially high in the spleen and liver. However, their expression patterns were varied depending on the tissue and mouse strain. Taken together, T. gondii-susceptible C57BL/6 mice expressed higher levels of these 5 genes than did T. gondii-resistant BALB/c mice, particularly in the spleen and liver. And ALDH1A2 and PLAU expressions were increased acutely, whereas BEX2, CCL3 and EGR2 expressions were increased lately. Thus, these demonstrate that host genetic factors exert a strong impact on the expression of these 5 genes and their expression patterns were varied depending on the gene or tissue.

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Effect of Puerarin, Baicalin and Berberine Hydrochloride on the Regulation of IPEC-J2 Cells Infected with Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli
Xiaoxi Liu, Fenghua Liu, Yunfei Ma, Huanrong Li, Xianghong Ju, Jianqin Xu
Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine.2019; 2019: 1. CrossRef
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Chuanli Zhou, Zhengzhu Liu, Yang Liu, Weixuan Fu, Xiangdong Ding, Jianfeng Liu, Ying Yu, Qin Zhang, Lucia R. Languino
PLoS ONE.2013; 8(7): e70303. CrossRef

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Effects of iNOS inhibitor on IFN-γ production and apoptosis of splenocytes in genetically different strains of mice infected with Toxoplasma gondii: Ki-Man Kang, Gye-Sung Lee, Jae-Ho Lee, In-Wook Choi, Dae-Whan Shin, Young-Ha Lee; Korean J Parasitol 2004;42(4):175-183.
Published online December 20, 2004; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2004.42.4.175

Abstract
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To evaluate the role of nitric oxide (NO) in IFN-γ production and apoptosis of splenocytes in genetically different strains of mice with toxoplasmosis, BALB/c (a toxoplasmosis resistant strain) and C57BL/6 (a toxoplasmosis susceptible strain) mice were infected with Toxoplasma gondii cysts orally and subsequently injected intraperitoneally with aminoguanidine, an iNOS inhibitor (AG; 35 mg/kg per mouse daily for 14 days). When BALB/c or C57BL/6 mice were infected with T. gondii without AG treatment, number of brain cysts, NO and IFN-γ production by splenocytes, and percentages of apoptotic splenocytes were increased compared to uninfected control mice without AG treatment. AG treatment increased the number of brain cysts, and reduced NO and IFN-γ production in T. gondii-infected C57BL/6 mice. In contrast, in T. gondii-infected BABL/c mice, the number of brain cysts, and NO and IFN-γ production of splenocytes was not altered by treatment with AG. However, the percentages of apoptotic splenocytes in T. gondii-infected BALB/c or C57BL/6 mice were not affected by AG treatment. These results suggest that NO modulates IFN-γ production in T. gondii-infected C57BL/6 mice, and that NO is involved in mediating a protective response in toxoplasmosis susceptible, but not resistant, mice strain during acute infection.

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