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Brief Communications

Association Between the Prevalence of Schistosomiasis in Elementary School Students and Their Parental Occupation in Sudan
Yan Jin, Seungman Cha, Youngjin Kim, Hamdan Mustafa Hamdan, Mousab Siddig Elhag, Hassan Ahmed Hassan Ahmed Ismail, Keon Hoon Lee, Sung-Tae Hong
Korean J Parasitol 2022;60(1):51-56.
Published online February 23, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2022.60.1.51
Global efforts to identify groups at high risk for schistosomiasis have mainly concentrated on identifying their geographical distribution. Investigations on the socioeconomic characteristics of high-risk groups are relatively scarce. This study aimed to explore the associations between schistosomiasis among students and their parents’ occupations. A nationwide cross-sectional survey was conducted targeting 105,167 students in 1,772 primary schools across Sudan in 2017. From these students, 100,726 urine and 96,634 stool samples were collected to test for Schistosoma haematobium and S. mansoni infection. A multi-level mixed effect analysis was used with age and sex as fixed factors, and school as a random factor. The odd ratios (ORs) of practicing open defecation among farmers’ children were almost 5 times higher than their counterparts whose parents were government officials (OR=4.97, 95% confidence intervals (CIs): 4.57-5.42, P<0.001). The ORs of contacting water bodies for watering livestock among farmers’ children were more than 4 times higher than those of children whose parents were government officials (OR=4.59, 95% CIs: 4.02-5.24, P<0.001). This study shows that schistosomiasis represents a disease of poverty and that farmers’ children constituted a high-risk group.

Citations

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  • Using zero-inflated and hurdle regression models to analyze schistosomiasis data of school children in the southern areas of Ghana
    Kojo Nketia, Dziedzom K. de Souza, Jean Coulibaly
    PLOS ONE.2024; 19(7): e0304681.     CrossRef
  • Prevalence and Risk Factors of Schistosomiasis in Sudan: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
    Yousef Alsaafin, Ayman Omer, Osama Felemban, Sarra Modawi, Maydolin Ibrahim, Abdullah Mohammed, Ammar Elfaki, Ahmed Abushara, Maryam A SalahEldin
    Cureus.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Identifying the risk factors of schistosomiasis in Indonesia
    Christine Christine, Herlina Susanto Sunuh, Fellysca Veronica Margareth Politon, Diana Vanda Daturara Doda
    Healthcare in Low-resource Settings.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • 5,331 View
  • 217 Download
  • 2 Web of Science
  • Crossref
Prevalence and Intensity of Opisthorchis viverrini Metacercarial Infection in Fish from Phnom Penh, Takeo, and Kandal Provinces, Cambodia
Woon-Mok Sohn, Seung-Ho Choi, Bong-Kwang Jung, Sooji Hong, Seungwan Ryoo, Taehee Chang, Keon Hoon Lee, Byoung-Kuk Na, Sung-Jong Hong, Virak Khieu, Jong-Yil Chai
Korean J Parasitol 2021;59(5):531-536.
Published online October 22, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2021.59.5.531
The prevalence and intensity of Opisthorchis viverrini metacercariae (OvMc) were investigated in fish from 3 southern administrative regions along the Mekong River in Cambodia, i.e., Phnom Penh, Takeo, and Kandal Provinces from 2017 to 2020. A total of 295 freshwater fish (24 species) were transported to our laboratory with ice and examined using the artificial digestion method. In Phnom Penh, among 4 fish species positive for OvMc, 9 (23.7%) of 38 specimens examined were infected, and their intensity of infection averaged 4.3 metacercariae per infected fish. In Takeo Province, among 10 fish species positive for OvMc, 24 (38.1%) out of 63 fish examined were infected, and their intensity of infection was av. 14.4 metacercariae per infected fish. In particular, all of 3 Osteochilus schlegelii fish examined were infected, and their infection intensity was high, 34.7 metacercariae per fish. In Kandal Province, among 6 fish species positive for OvMc, 46 (90.2%) out of 51 specimens examined were infected, and their infection intensity was 24.0 metacercaraie per infected fish. All fish of Systomus orphoides (n=17), Barbonymus altus (n=14), and Rasbora aurotaenia (n=2) were infected, and their intensity of infection averaged 37.7, 21.6, and 18.5 metacercariae per fish, respectively. Metacercariae of Haplochis yokogawai, Haplorchis taichui, and Centrocestus formosanus were detected in fish from Takeo and Kandal Provinces. From these results, it has been confirmed that a variety of fish species from Phnom Penh, Takeo, and Kandal Provinces are commonly infected with OvMc, and preventive measures to avoid human O. viverrini infection should be performed in Cambodia.

Citations

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  • Biological Hazards and Indicators Found in Products of Animal Origin in Cambodia from 2000 to 2022: A Systematic Review
    Shwe Phue San, Rortana Chea, Delia Grace, Kristina Roesel, Sothyra Tum, Stephen Young, Tumnoon Charaslertrangsi, Nazanin Zand, Shetty Seetharama Thombathu, Ra Thorng, Leab Kong, Kuok Fidero, Linda Nicolaides
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2024; 21(12): 1621.     CrossRef
  • Re‐evaluation of certain aspects of the EFSA Scientific Opinion of April 2010 on risk assessment of parasites in fishery products, based on new scientific data. Part 2
    Ana Allende, Avelino Alvarez‐Ordóñez, Valeria Bortolaia, Sara Bover‐Cid, Alessandra De Cesare, Wietske Dohmen, Laurent Guillier, Lieve Herman, Liesbeth Jacxsens, Maarten Nauta, Lapo Mughini‐Gras, Jakob Ottoson, Luisa Peixe, Fernando Perez‐Rodriguez, Panag
    EFSA Journal.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • 5,681 View
  • 110 Download
  • 2 Web of Science
  • Crossref
Detection of Gnathostoma spinigerum Advanced 3rd-Stage Larvae in the Chinese Edible Frog, Hoplobatrachus rugulosus, from Local Markets in Phnom Penh, Cambodia
Woon-Mok Sohn, Bong-Kwang Jung, Sooji Hong, Seungwan Ryoo, Keon Hoon Lee, Virak Khieu, Jong-Yil Chai
Korean J Parasitol 2021;59(5):519-522.
Published online October 22, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2021.59.5.519
The Chinese edible frogs, Hoplobatrachus rugulosus (n=20), and the striped snakehead fish, Channa striata (n=34), were purchased from local markets in 3 administrative regions of Cambodia (Phnom Penh, Pursat, and Takeo Provinces) from May 2017 to April 2019, and their infection status with Gnathostoma sp. larvae was investigated. The frogs and fish were transported to the laboratory with ice and examined using the artificial digestion method. Advanced 3rd-stage larvae (AdL3) of Gnathostoma spinigerum, 24 in total number (1-6 larvae/frog), were detected from 6 (60.0%) out of 10 frogs purchased from Phnom Penh. No gnathostome larvae were detected in 10 frogs purchased from Takeo Province and 34 snakeheads from Phnom Penh, Pursat, and Takeo Provinces. AdL3 isolated from the frogs were 2.55- 3.90 mm long and 0.31-0.36 mm wide. They had a characteristic head bulb (0.081×0.191 mm in average size) with 4 rows of hooklets, a muscular long esophagus (0.950-1.230 mm long), and 2 pairs of cervical sacs (0.530-0.890 mm long). The average number of hooklets in the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th rows was 41, 45, 48, and 51, respectively. These features were consistent with G. spinigerum AdL3. By the present study, it has been first confirmed that the Chinese edible frog, H. rugulosus, from Phnom Penh serves as a second intermediate host for G. spinigerum, although their intensity of infection was not so high compared to other previously reported localities.

Citations

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  • A Global Review of the Zoonotic Potential and Disease Risks of Amphibian Parasites in Bullfrog Aquaculture
    Meiqi Weng, Xinhua Liu, Chenxi Zhang, Rui Shu, Andrew Wang, Haotian Zhang, Xingqiang Wang, Huirong Yang, Jinyong Zhang
    Reviews in Aquaculture.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Zoonotic disease risk at traditional food markets
    Frida E. Sparaciari, Cadhla Firth, Erik A. Karlsson, Paul F. Horwood, Suchetana Mukhopadhyay
    Journal of Virology.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Biological Hazards and Indicators Found in Products of Animal Origin in Cambodia from 2000 to 2022: A Systematic Review
    Shwe Phue San, Rortana Chea, Delia Grace, Kristina Roesel, Sothyra Tum, Stephen Young, Tumnoon Charaslertrangsi, Nazanin Zand, Shetty Seetharama Thombathu, Ra Thorng, Leab Kong, Kuok Fidero, Linda Nicolaides
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2024; 21(12): 1621.     CrossRef
  • 4,085 View
  • 67 Download
  • 2 Web of Science
  • Crossref
Enterobius vermicularis Infection among Preschool Children: A 12-Year (2008-2019) Survey in Large Cities and Provinces of the Republic of Korea
Hyejoo Shin, Bong-Kwang Jung, Seungwan Ryoo, Sooji Hong, Taehee Chang, Jiyeon Park, Keon Hoon Lee, Jeonggyu Lee, Jae Young Park, Hoo-Gn Jeoung, Jae Hyun Cho, Jong-Yil Chai
Korean J Parasitol 2021;59(4):421-426.
Published online August 18, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2021.59.4.421
A 12-year nationwide survey (2008-2019) was performed to investigate the prevalence of Enterobius vermicularis infection among preschool children in Seoul, 4 large cites (Busan, Incheon, Daegu, and Ulsan), and 9 provinces (grouped into 5 localities) in the Republic of Korea (=Korea). The survey was carried out once a year by 16 regional offices of the Korea Association of Health Promotion. The cello-tape perianal swab method (1 smear per child) was applied to detect eggs of E. vermicularis and other helminths. According to the results, the egg positive rate of E. vermicularis infection in 2008-2009 was 1.8-2.0%, but it decreased gradually to 0.6% in 2019 (P<0.05). The prevalence was significantly higher in boys (0.7-5.0%, mean 1.8%) than in girls (0.5-2.8%, mean 1.3%) (P<0.05). The 2 most southern localities, Jejudo (Province) and Jeolla-do (inclusive of Jeollabuk-do and Jeollanam-do) and a mid-western province, Gyeonggi-do, revealed higher prevalences, whereas Seoul and Gangwon-do showed lower prevalences. The results indicate that a low-grade prevalence of E. vermicularis infection (less than 4%) has been maintained for the recent 12 years among preschool children in Korea. Continuous monitoring of enterobiasis in the child age group is necessary in Korea.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  Crossref logo
  • Parasitoses intestinales infantiles
    P. Bourée
    EMC - Traité de médecine AKOS.2025; 28(3): 1.     CrossRef
  • Enterobius vermicularis infection and its risk factors among rural schoolchildren in Zhejiang Province: a cross-sectional study
    Jialie Jin, Wei Ruan, Wenjie Xu, Xuan Zhang, Kegen Yu, Hualiang Chen, Jiaqi Zhang, Jimin Sun, Jianmin Jiang, Xiaoxiao Wang
    Parasitology Research.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Impacts of environmental pollutants and environmentally transmitted parasites on male fertility and sperm quality
    Hend Abd El-Halim Mansour, Al- Shaimaa Mohsen Sadek
    Discover Applied Sciences.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Pinworm (Enterobius Vermicularis) Infestation: An Updated Review
    Alexander K.C. Leung, Joseph M. Lam, Benjamin Barankin, Alex H.C. Wong, Kin F. Leong, Kam L. Hon
    Current Pediatric Reviews.2025; 21(4): 333.     CrossRef
  • Parasitosis intestinales en niños
    P. Bourée
    EMC - Tratado de Medicina.2025; 29(4): 1.     CrossRef
  • Parassitosi intestinali infantili
    P. Bourée
    EMC - AKOS - Trattato di Medicina.2025; 27(4): 1.     CrossRef
  • 2023년 국내 장내기생충 감염 조사
    명노 이, 정원 주, 선옥 백, 영주 이, 은솔 이, 희일 이
    Public Health Weekly Report.2024; 17(28): 1227.     CrossRef
  • Association Between Anthropometric and Hematological Parameters and the Diagnosis of Intestinal Parasitosis in Low-Income Children
    Bruno Freire, Alessandra Marques Sohn, Ricardo Rojas-Humpire, Salomon Huancahuire-Vega
    Children.2024; 11(12): 1416.     CrossRef
  • Positive rates for Enterobius vermicularis eggs among preschool children in Yeosu-si, Jeollanam-do, Korea (2017-2021)
    Myoung-Ro Lee, Hee-Eun Shin, Seon-Ok Back, Young-Ju Lee, Jung-Won Ju, Chun Soon Park, Hee-Il Lee
    Parasites, Hosts and Diseases.2023; 61(1): 84.     CrossRef
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Occurrence of a Hybrid Between Taenia saginata and Taenia asiatica Tapeworms in Cambodia
Taehee Chang, Bong-Kwang Jung, Sooji Hong, Hyejoo Shin, Seungwan Ryoo, Jeonggyu Lee, Keon Hoon Lee, Hansol Park, Keeseon S. Eom, Virak Khieu, Rekol Huy, Woon-Mok Sohn, Jong-Yil Chai
Korean J Parasitol 2021;59(2):179-182.
Published online April 22, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2021.59.2.179
Human infection with Taenia asiatica or a hybrid between Taenia saginata and T. asiatica has not been reported in Cambodia. We detected for the first time a hybrid form between T. saginata and T. asiatica in Preah Vihear Province, Cambodia. An adult tapeworm specimen, i.e., 75 cm long strobila without scolex, was expelled from a 27-year-old man after praziquantel medication and purging. It was morphologically indistinguishable between T. saginata and T. asiatica. Several proglottids were molecularly analyzed to confirm the tapeworm species. The mitochondrial gene encoding cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) and nuclear genes encoding elongation factor-1α (ef1) and ezrin-radixin-moesin (ERM)-like protein (elp) were sequenced, and a single-allele analysis was performed to confirm the haploid genotype. The results revealed that our sample showed a discrepancy between the mitochondrial and 2 nuclear genes. It possessed homozygous sequences typical of T. saginata at cox1 and ef1 loci. However, it was heterozygous at the elp locus, with 1 allele in T. asiatica (elpA) and 1 in T. saginata (elpC), which indicates that it is a hybrid between T. saginata and T. asiatica. The present results confirmed the presence of a hybrid between T. saginata and T. asiatica in Cambodia and strongly suggest the existence of also ‘pure’ T. asiatica in Cambodia.

Citations

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  • Molecular Identification and Appraisal of the Genetic Variation of Taenia saginata in Central Regions of Vietnam
    Giang Tran Thi, Ilenia Azzena, Fabio Scarpa, Piero Cossu, Cong Danh Le, Phuong Anh Ton Nu, Thi Minh Chau Ngo, Daria Sanna, Marco Casu
    Life.2022; 12(1): 70.     CrossRef
  • Case Report: Molecular Diagnosis Revealing an Intestinal Infection of a Hybridized Tapeworm (Taenia saginata and Taenia asiatica) to Human in Yunnan, China
    Kan-Kan Chu, Ye Qiu, Ce-Heng Liao, Zhi You, Zuo-Shun He, Wen Fang, Hong-Ying Li, Peter Daszak, Jun-Jie Hu, Yun-Zhi Zhang, Xing-Yi Ge
    Frontiers in Gastroenterology.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • 5,434 View
  • 102 Download
  • 2 Web of Science
  • Crossref

Original Article

Echinostoma mekongi: Discovery of Its Metacercarial Stage in Snails, Filopaludina martensi cambodjensis, in Pursat Province, Cambodia
Jong-Yil Chai, Woon-Mok Sohn, Jaeeun Cho, Bong-Kwang Jung, Taehee Chang, Keon Hoon Lee, Virak Khieu, Rekol Huy
Korean J Parasitol 2021;59(1):47-53.
Published online February 19, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2021.59.1.47
Echinostoma mekongi was reported as a new species in 2020 based on specimens collected from humans in Kratie and Takeo Province, Cambodia. In the present study, its metacercarial stage has been discovered in Filopaludina martensi cambodjensis snails purchased from a local market nearby the Tonle Sap Lake, Pursat Province, Cambodia. The metacercariae were fed orally to an experimental hamster, and adult flukes were recovered at day 20 post-infection. They were morphologically examined using light and scanning electron microscopes and molecularly analyzed by sequencing of their mitochondrial cox1 and nad1 genes. A total of 115 metacercariae (1-8 per snail) were detected in 60 (60.0%) out of 100 Filopaludina snails examined. The metacercariae were round, 174 ?m in average diameter (163-190 ?m in range), having a thin cyst wall, a head collar armed with 37 collar spines, and characteristic excretory granules. The adult flukes were elongated, ventrally curved, 7.3 (6.4-8.2)×1.4 (1.1-1.7) mm in size, and equipped with 37 collar spines on the head collar (dorsal spines in 2 alternating rows), being consistent with E. mekongi. In phylogenetic analyses, the adult flukes showed 99.0-100% homology based on cox1 sequences and 98.9-99.7% homology based on nad1 sequences with E. mekongi. The results evidenced that F. martensi cambodjensis snails act as the second intermediate host of E. mekongi, and hamsters can be used as a suitable experimental definitive host. As local people favor to eat undercooked snails, these snails seem to be an important source of human infection with E. mekongi in Cambodia.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  Crossref logo
  • High Prevalence of Echinostoma mekongi Infection in Schoolchildren and Adults, Kandal Province, Cambodia
    Bong-Kwang Jung, Taehee Chang, Seungwan Ryoo, Sooji Hong, Jeonggyu Lee, Sung-Jong Hong, Woon-Mok Sohn, Virak Khieu, Rekol Huy, Jong-Yil Chai
    Emerging Infectious Diseases.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Biological Hazards and Indicators Found in Products of Animal Origin in Cambodia from 2000 to 2022: A Systematic Review
    Shwe Phue San, Rortana Chea, Delia Grace, Kristina Roesel, Sothyra Tum, Stephen Young, Tumnoon Charaslertrangsi, Nazanin Zand, Shetty Seetharama Thombathu, Ra Thorng, Leab Kong, Kuok Fidero, Linda Nicolaides
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2024; 21(12): 1621.     CrossRef
  • High diversity of trematode metacercariae that parasitize freshwater gastropods in Bangkok, Thailand, and their infective situations, morphologies and phylogenetic relationships
    Pichit Wiroonpan, Thapana Chontananarth, Jong-Yil Chai, Watchariya Purivirojkul
    Parasitology.2022; 149(7): 913.     CrossRef
  • General overview of the current status of human foodborne trematodiasis
    Jong-Yil Chai, Bong-Kwang Jung
    Parasitology.2022; 149(10): 1262.     CrossRef
  • 5,471 View
  • 129 Download
  • 5 Web of Science
  • Crossref

Brief Communications

Larval Gnathostomes and Zoonotic Trematode Metacercariae in Fish from a Local Market in Yangon City, Myanmar
Jong-Yil Chai, Bong-Kwang Jung, Keon Hoon Lee, Jin-Youp Ryu, Hyeon-Seung Kim, Sung-Jong Hong, Thi Thi Htoon, Htay Htay Tin, Byoung-Kuk Na, Woon-Mok Sohn
Korean J Parasitol 2020;58(6):701-707.
Published online December 29, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2020.58.6.701
A survey was performed to investigate the infection status of zoonotic helminth larvae in fish from a local market of North Dagon District in Yangon City, Myanmar. A total of 486 fish in 13 species were collected 8 times from December 2015 to December 2019. All fish were transported under ice to a laboratory in Korea and examined for helminth larvae using artificial digestion method. Larval gnathostomes and metacercariae of more than 8 zoonotic trematode species, i.e., Opisthorchis viverrini, Haplorchis taichui, H. pumilio, H. yokogawai, Centrocestus spp., Stellantchasmus falcatus, Pygidiopsis cambodiensis, and Procerovum sp., were detected. Larval gnathostomes were found in 58 (16.0%) out of 362 fish of 6 species, with mean intensity of 2.8 per fish infected. Metacercariae of O. viverrini were detected in 10 (2.9%) out of 349 fish of 5 species, with mean intensity of 16.9 per fish infected. Metacercarial prevalences of 4 intestinal flukes, H. taichui, H. pumilio, H. yokogawai, and Centrocestus spp., were 16.8%, 26.0%, 12.5%, and 15.0% in the positive fish species, respectively, and mean metacercarial intensity was 63.3, 26.8, 86.2, and 8.7 per fish infected. Metacercariae of S. falcatus and P. cambodiensis were detected only from the mullet, Chelon macrolepis. Metacercariae of Procerovum sp. were found in Channa striata and Anabas testudineus. Collectively, it was confirmed that the fish were infected with gnathostome larvae and metacercariae of O. viverrini and intestinal flukes in Yangon City, Myanmar.

Citations

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  • Identification of an Opisthorchis viverrini-like liver fluke from Myanmar: Metacercariae recovered from snakehead fish and adults from an experimentally infected hamster
    Woon-Mok Sohn, Bong-Kwang Jung, Keon-Hoon Lee, Sung-Jong Hong, Seung-Hwan Seo, Thi Thi Htoon, Htay Htay Tin, Eun-Hee Shin, Jong-Yil Chai
    Parasites, Hosts and Diseases.2025; 63(2): 174.     CrossRef
  • Exploring the second intermediate hosts and morphology of human- and cat-specific Opisthorchis viverrini-like populations
    Vania Agustina, Prasert Saichua, Thewarach Laha, Sirikachorn Tangkawatana, Suksanti Prakobwong, Nonglak Laoprom, Wanrak Kamphasri, Chonteera Chareonchai, David Blair, Sutas Suttiprapa
    International Journal for Parasitology.2024; 54(10): 497.     CrossRef
  • Re‐evaluation of certain aspects of the EFSA Scientific Opinion of April 2010 on risk assessment of parasites in fishery products, based on new scientific data. Part 2
    Ana Allende, Avelino Alvarez‐Ordóñez, Valeria Bortolaia, Sara Bover‐Cid, Alessandra De Cesare, Wietske Dohmen, Laurent Guillier, Lieve Herman, Liesbeth Jacxsens, Maarten Nauta, Lapo Mughini‐Gras, Jakob Ottoson, Luisa Peixe, Fernando Perez‐Rodriguez, Panag
    EFSA Journal.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Detection of Gnathostoma spinigerum Advanced 3rd-Stage Larvae in the Chinese Edible Frog, Hoplobatrachus rugulosus, from Local Markets in Phnom Penh, Cambodia
    Woon-Mok Sohn, Bong-Kwang Jung, Sooji Hong, Seungwan Ryoo, Keon Hoon Lee, Virak Khieu, Jong-Yil Chai
    The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2021; 59(5): 519.     CrossRef
  • 4,798 View
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  • 5 Web of Science
  • Crossref
Infection Status of Gnathostoma spinigerum Larvae in Asian Swamp Eels, Monopterus albus, Purchased from Local Markets in Cambodia
Jong-Yil Chai, Bong-Kwang Jung, Keon Hoon Lee, Sung-Jong Hong, Virak Khieu, Byoung-Kuk Na, Woon-Mok Sohn
Korean J Parasitol 2020;58(6):695-699.
Published online December 29, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2020.58.6.695
Present study was performed to know the infection status of Gnathostoma sp. larvae in swamp eels from Cambodia. We purchased total 30 Asian swamp eels, Monopterus albus, from local markets in Pursat and Takeo Provinces and Phnom Penh on May and November 2017 and May 2018. All collected eels were transferred to our laboratory with ice and each of them was examined by artificial digestion method. A total of 15 larval gnathostomes (1-5 larvae) were detected from 55.6% (5/9) swamp eels in Pursat Province. No larval gnathostomes were found in 21 swamp eels in Takeo Province and Phnom Penh. The advanced third-stage larvae (AdL3) detected were 2.575-3.825 (3.250) mm in length and 0.375-0.425 (0.386) mm in width. They had the characteristic head bulb (av. 0.104×0.218 mm) with 4 rows of hooklets, long muscular esophagus (1.048 mm), and 2 pairs of cervical sacs (0.615 mm). The number of hooklets in 4 rows on the head bulb was 41, 44, 47, and 50. In scanning electron microscopy, characteristic features were 4 rows of hooklets on the head bulb, cervical papillae, tegumental spines regularly arranged in transverse striations, and anus. The larval gnathostomes were identified as AdL3 of Gnathostoma spinigerum based on the morphological characters. By the present study, it has been confirmed that G. spinigerum larvae are infected in Asian swamp eels, M. albus, in Pursat Province, Cambodia.

Citations

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  • Biological Hazards and Indicators Found in Products of Animal Origin in Cambodia from 2000 to 2022: A Systematic Review
    Shwe Phue San, Rortana Chea, Delia Grace, Kristina Roesel, Sothyra Tum, Stephen Young, Tumnoon Charaslertrangsi, Nazanin Zand, Shetty Seetharama Thombathu, Ra Thorng, Leab Kong, Kuok Fidero, Linda Nicolaides
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2024; 21(12): 1621.     CrossRef
  • Intracameral Gnathostomiasis: A Case Report and Literature Review
    Wijak Kongwattananon, Thanaporn Wiriyabanditkul, Waraluck Supwatjariyakul, Thanapong Somkijrungroj
    Ocular Immunology and Inflammation.2023; 31(5): 1092.     CrossRef
  • Detection of Gnathostoma spinigerum Advanced 3rd-Stage Larvae in the Chinese Edible Frog, Hoplobatrachus rugulosus, from Local Markets in Phnom Penh, Cambodia
    Woon-Mok Sohn, Bong-Kwang Jung, Sooji Hong, Seungwan Ryoo, Keon Hoon Lee, Virak Khieu, Jong-Yil Chai
    The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2021; 59(5): 519.     CrossRef
  • 5,502 View
  • 121 Download
  • 2 Web of Science
  • Crossref

Original Article

Morphological and Molecular Diagnosis of Necator americanus and Ancylostoma ceylanicum Recovered from Villagers in Northern Cambodia
Taehee Chang, Bong-Kwang Jung, Woon-Mok Sohn, Sooji Hong, Hyejoo Shin, Seungwan Ryoo, Jeonggyu Lee, Keon Hoon Lee, Virak Khieu, Rekol Huy, Jong-Yil Chai
Korean J Parasitol 2020;58(6):619-625.
Published online December 29, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2020.58.6.619
Human hookworm infections caused by adult Ancylostoma spp. and Necator americanus are one of the most important tropical diseases. We performed a survey of intestinal helminths using the Kato-Katz fecal examination technique targeting 1,156 villagers residing in 2 northern provinces (Preah Vihear and Stung Treng) of Cambodia in 2018. The results revealed a high overall egg positive rate of intestinal helminths (61.9%), and the egg positive rate of hookworms was 11.6%. Nine of the hookworm egg positive cases in Preah Vihear Province were treated with 5-10 mg/kg pyrantel pamoate followed by purging with magnesium salts, and a total of 65 adult hookworms were expelled in diarrheic stools. The adult hookworms were analyzed morphologically and molecularly to confirm the species. The morphologies of the buccal cavity and dorsal rays on the costa were observed with a light microscope, and the nucleotide sequences of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) gene were analyzed. The majority of the hookworm adults (90.7%) were N. americanus, whereas the remaining 9.3% were Ancylostoma ceylanicum, a rare hookworm species infecting humans. The results revealed a high prevalence of hookworm infections among people in a northern part of Cambodia, suggesting the necessity of a sustained survey combined with control measures against hookworm infections.

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Brief Communication
Molecular Diagnosis of Taenia saginata Tapeworms from Two Residents of Northern Cambodia
Taehee Chang, Bong-Kwang Jung, Woon-Mok Sohn, Sooji Hong, Hyejoo Shin, Seungwan Ryoo, Jeonggyu Lee, Keon Hoon Lee, Virak Khieu, Rekol Huy, Jong-Yil Chai
Korean J Parasitol 2020;58(2):201-204.
Published online April 30, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2020.58.2.201
Taenia saginata infection has seldom been reported in Cambodia. In this study, we performed a survey of intestinal parasites in 1,156 residents of Preah Vihear and Stung Treng Provinces in 2018. The results revealed that 26 (2.4%) cases were positive for Taenia spp. eggs. In order to obtain the strobilae of the tapeworms, 2 patients in Preah Vihear were treated with praziquantel and purged with magnesium salts. The proglottids expelled after the medication were morphologically and molecularly analyzed to determine the species. The main uterine lateral braches in gravid proglottids were >15 in number suggesting that they are either T. saginata or Taenia asiatica. The sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) gene and 2 nuclear loci, elongation factor-1 alpha (ef1) and ezrin-radixin-moesin-like protein (elp), were identical to the sequences of T. saginata available in GenBank but distant from Taenia solium, T. asiatica, and T. saginata-T. asiatica hybrid. This is the first report of the presence of T. saginata in the northern part of Cambodia bordering Lao PDR based on a molecular confirmation.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  Crossref logo
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  • Occurrence of a Hybrid Between Taenia saginata and Taenia asiatica Tapeworms in Cambodia
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  • Morphological and Molecular Diagnosis of Necator americanus and Ancylostoma ceylanicum Recovered from Villagers in Northern Cambodia
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    The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2020; 58(6): 619.     CrossRef
  • 7,759 View
  • 155 Download
  • 6 Web of Science
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