Parasites, Hosts and Diseases

"North Korea"

Brief Communication

Infections of Soil-Transmitted Helminth in Refugees from North Korea: Young-Il Lee, Min Seo, Suk-Bae Kim; Korean J Parasitol 2018;56(3):291-294.
Published online June 30, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2018.56.3.291

Abstract
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Soil-transmitted helminthiases (STH) are now no longer public health problems in the Republic of Korea (South Korea), but their status are unavailable in the residents of North Korea (NK) despite the expectation of large scale traffic and future reunification of the Korean Peninsula. A total of 20 female refugees from NK who had been admitted to the Division of Gastroenterology, Dankook University Hospital, were subjected in this study. Among them, 15 refugees were examined by the colonoscopy and 10 ones were examined with the stool examination (formalin-ether sedimentation). Both diagnostic methods were commonly adopted in 5 patients. Eggs of Trichuris trichiura were detected in 7 out of 10 refugees in the stool examination. In the colonoscopy, T. trichiura worms were found in 6 (40.0%) out of 15 refugees. Total 9 (45.0%) peoples were confirmed to be infected with human whipworms. Additionally, 1 case of clonorchiasis was diagnosed in the stool examination and a worm of Ascaris lumbricoides was discovered from a trichuriasis case. These findings suggested that STH is highly prevalent in NO, in which living conditions are not so good in the aspect of general hygiene and medical care.

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Original Articles

Tissue parasitic helminthiases are prevalent at Cheongjin, North Korea: Chenghua Shen, Shunyu Li, Shanzi Zheng, Min-Ho Choi, Young Mee Bae, Sung-Tae Hong; Korean J Parasitol 2007;45(2):139-144.
Published online June 20, 2007; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2007.45.2.139

Abstract
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We investigated a small-scale serological survey to screen tissue-parasitic helminthiases of North Koreans as one of research programs for re-unification of Korea. Soil-transmitted helminthiases were found highly prevalent among North Korean residents at the border with China. ELISA using 4 tissue-parasitic helminth antigens was applied to 137 residents living in Cheongjin-shi, Hamgyeongbuk-do, North Korea and 133 female refugees in South Korea in 2004-2005. Among a total of 270 samples, 31 (11.5%), 25 (9.3%), and 11 (4.1%) were positive for specific IgG antibodies to antigens of Clonorchis sinensis, Taenia solium metacestode, and sparganum, respectively. The overall positive rate was 21.5%; 38.2% in males and 15.8% in females. The present finding suggests that tissue parasites, such as C. sinensis, T. solium metacestode and sparganum are highly prevalent in some limited areas of North Korea. These foodborne tissue-parasitic helminthiases should be considered for future control measures of parasitic diseases in North Korea.

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Infections of Soil-Transmitted Helminth in Refugees from North Korea
Young-Il Lee, Min Seo, Suk-Bae Kim
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2018; 56(3): 291. CrossRef
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Reemerging vivax malaria: changing patterns of annual incidence and control programs in the Republic of Korea: Eun-Taek Han, Duk-Hyoung Lee, Ki-Dong Park, Won-Seok Seok, Young-Soo Kim, Takafumi Tsuboi, Eun-Hee Shin, Jong-Yil Chai; Korean J Parasitol 2006;44(4):285-294.
Published online December 20, 2006; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2006.44.4.285

Abstract
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Changing patterns of the reemerging Plasmodium vivax malaria in the Republic of Korea (South Korea) during the period 1993 to 2005 are briefly analyzed with emphasis on the control measures used and the effects of meteorological and entomological factors. Data were obtained from the Communicable Diseases Monthly Reports published by the Korea Center for Disease Control and Prevention, and webpages of World Health Organization and United Nations. Meteorological data of Kangwon-do (Province) were obtained from local weather stations. After its first reemergence in 1993, the prevalence of malaria increased exponentially, peaking in 2000, and then decreased. In total, 21,419 cases were reported between 1993 and 2005 in South Korea. In North Korea, a total of 916,225 cases were reported between 1999 and 2004. The occurrence of malaria in high risk areas of South Korea was significantly (P < 0.05) correlated with the mosquito population but not with temperature and rainfall. Control programs, including early case detection and treatment, mass chemoprophylaxis of soldiers, and international financial aids to North Korea for malaria control have been instituted. The situation of the reemerging vivax malaria in the Republic of Korea is remarkably improving during the recent years, at least in part, due to the control activities undertaken in South and North Korea.

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Brief Communication

Status of intestinal helminthic infections of borderline residents in North Korea: Shunyu Li, Chenghua Shen, Min-Ho Choi, Young Mee Bae, Hiwon Yoon, Sung-Tae Hong; Korean J Parasitol 2006;44(3):265-268.
Published online September 20, 2006; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2006.44.3.265

Abstract
PDF

The present authors investigated intestinal parasitic infections among North Korean residents and refugees in China in 2003. The Kato-Katz method was applied to 236 residents and soldiers in a town on the North Korea-China border and to 46 people at a refugee camp in China. Only eggs of Ascaris and Trichuris were detected, with egg positive rates of 41.1% and 37.6%, respectively. The total egg positive rate was 55.0% and most of those who were egg positive were only lightly infected. Women of 61.2% and men of 53.1% were egg positive. The refugees from rural areas showed higher egg positive rates than those from urban areas. The present investigation confirmed high prevalence of soil-transmitted intestinal helminths in rural borderline areas of North Korea.

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