Parasites, Hosts and Diseases

"Stellantchasmus falcatus"

Original Articles

Zoonotic Intestinal Trematodes in Stray Cats (Felis catus) from Riverside Areas of the Republic of Korea: Sung-Shik Shin, Dae-Sung Oh, Kyu-Sung Ahn, Shin-Hyeong Cho, Won-Ja Lee, Byoung-Kuk Na, Woon-Mok Sohn; Korean J Parasitol 2015;53(2):209-213.
Published online April 22, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2015.53.2.209

Abstract
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The present study was performed to survey the infection status of zoonotic intestinal trematode (ZIT) in stray cats from 5 major riverside areas in the Republic of Korea. Total 400 stray cats were captured with live-traps in riverside areas of Seomjingang (‘gang’ means river) (203 cats) from June to October 2010, and of Yeongsangang (41), Nakdonggang (57), Geumgang (38), and Hangang (61 cats) from June to October 2011, respectively. Small intestines resected from cats were opened with a pair of scissors in a beaker with 0.85% saline and examined with naked eyes and under a stereomicroscope. More than 16 ZIT species were detected in 188 (92.6%) cats from Seomjingang areas, and the number of worms recovered was 111 per cat infected. In cats from riverside areas of Yeongsangang, Nakdonggang, Geumgang, and Hangang, more than 9, 8, 3, and 5 ZIT species were recovered, and the worm burdens were 13, 42, 11, and 56 specimens per infected cat, respectively. As the members of family Heterophyidae, more than 10 species, i.e., Metagonimus spp., Pygidiopsis summa, Heterophyes nocens, Stellantchasmus falcatus, Heterophyopsis continua, Acanthotrema felis, Centrocestus armatus, Procerovum varium, Cryptocotyle concava, and Stictodora lari, were recovered. More than 5 species of echinostomes, i.e., Echinostoma hortense, Echinochasmus japonicus, Echinochasmus sp., Echinoparyphium sp., and unidentified larval echinostomes, were collected. Plagiorchis spp. were detected in cats from areas of Seomjin-gang and Yeongsangang. From the above results, it has been confirmed that stray cats in 5 major riverside areas of Korea are highly infected with various species of ZITs.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Prevalence of parasitic infections in stray cats from Gimpo-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
Sooji Hong, Hyejoo Shin, Seungwan Ryoo, Chung-Won Lee, Jae-Young Park, Jong-Yil Chai, Bong-Kwang Jung
Parasites, Hosts and Diseases.2025; 63(2): 182. CrossRef
First Record of Pygidiopsis summa and Ascocotyle longa in Iraq
Ghadeer M. Al-Suwaij, Basim H. Abdullah
Academia Open.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
The Nuclear Ribosomal Transcription Units of Two Echinostomes and Their Taxonomic Implications for the Family Echinostomatidae
Yu Cao, Ye Li, Zhong-Yan Gao, Bo-Tao Jiang
Biology.2025; 14(8): 1101. CrossRef
Global distribution of zoonotic digenetic trematodes: a scoping review
Yue Hu, Rong-Jian Zhan, Shi-Lin Lu, Yi-Yang Zhang, Min-Yu Zhou, Hui Huang, Ding-Ding Wang, Tao Zhang, Zi-Xin Huang, Yun-Fei Zhou, Zhi-Yue Lv
Infectious Diseases of Poverty.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
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Mahmoud Abdelnaby El-Seify, Khaled Sultan, Nagwa Mohammed Elhawary, Neveen Salah Satour, Naema Mohammed Marey
Journal of Parasitic Diseases.2021; 45(1): 35. CrossRef
Prevalence of endoparasitic and viral infections in client-owned cats in metropolitan Bangkok, Thailand, and the risk factors associated with feline hookworm infections
Wanarit Jitsamai, Nutpiphat Khrutkham, Vachira Hunprasit, Ramaswamy Chandrashekar, Dwight Bowman, Woraporn Sukhumavasi
Veterinary Parasitology: Regional Studies and Reports.2021; 25: 100584. CrossRef
Euryhelmis squamula (Digenea: Heterophyidae) Recovered from Korean Raccoon Dog, Nyctereutes procyonoides koreensis, in Korea
Hyeon Cheol Kim, Eui Ju Hong, Si Yun Ryu, Jinho Park, Jeong Gon Cho, Do Hyeon Yu, Joon Seok Chae, Kyoung Seong Choi, Bae Keun Park
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Intestinal Flukes Recovered from a Herring Gull, Larus argentatus, in the Republic of Korea
Young-Il Lee, Min Seo, Jong-Yil Chai
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2020; 58(1): 81. CrossRef
Infections of Two Isthmiophora Species (Digenea: Echinostomatidae) in Wild Mammals from Republic of Korea with Their Morphological Descriptions
Seongjun Choe, Ki-Jeong Na, Youngjun Kim, Dong-Hyuk Jeong, Jeong-Jin Yang, Keeseon S. Eom
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2019; 57(6): 647. CrossRef
Infections with Centrocestus armatus Metacercariae in Fishes from Water Systems of Major Rivers in Republic of Korea
Woon-Mok Sohn, Byoung-Kuk Na, Shin-Hyeong Cho, Jung-Won Ju, Cheon-Hyeon Kim, Ki-Bok Yoon, Jai-Dong Kim, Dong Cheol Son, Soon-Won Lee
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2018; 56(4): 341. CrossRef
Infection Status of Isthmiophora hortensis Metacercariae in Dark Sleepers, Odontobutis Species, from Some Water Systems of the Republic of Korea
Woon-Mok Sohn, Byoung-Kuk Na, Shin-Hyeong Cho, Jung-Won Ju
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2018; 56(6): 633. CrossRef
Fishborne zoonotic heterophyid infections: An update
Jong-Yil Chai, Bong-Kwang Jung
Food and Waterborne Parasitology.2017; 8-9: 33. CrossRef
New Definitive Hosts and Differential Body Indices of Isthmiophora hortensis (Digenea: Echinostomatidae)
Woon-Mok Sohn, Byoung-Kuk Na, Sung-Shik Shin
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2017; 55(3): 287. CrossRef

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Developmental and Phylogenetic Characteristics of Stellantchasmus falcatus (Trematoda: Heterophyidae) from Thailand: Pralongyut Sripalwit, Chalobol Wongsawad, Thapana Chontananarth, Somboon Anuntalabhochai, Pheravut Wongsawad, Jong-Yil Chai; Korean J Parasitol 2015;53(2):201-207.
Published online April 22, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2015.53.2.201

Abstract
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This study aimed to investigate the infection status, worm development, and phylogenetic characteristics of the intestinal trematode, Stellantchasmus falcatus. The metacercariae of S. falcatus were detected only in the half-beak (Dermogenus pusillus) out of the 4 fish species examined. Their prevalence was 90.0%, and the intensity of infection was 919 metacercariae on average. Worms were recovered from 33 (97.1%) of 34 chicks that were experimentally infected with 200 S. falcatus metacercariae each, and the average recovery rate was 43.0%. The body size and inner organs of S. falcatus quickly increased in the experimental chicks over days 1-2 post-infection (PI). In addition, ITS2 sequence data of this parasite were analyzed to examine the phylogenetic relationships with other trematodes using the UPGMA method. The results indicated that the ITS2 sequence data recorded from trematodes in the family Heterophyidae appeared to be monophyletic. This study concluded that D. pusillus serves as a compatible second intermediate host of S. falcatus in Thailand and that S. falcatus can develop rapidly in the experimental chicks. Data collected from this study can help to close the gap in knowledge regarding the epidemiology, biology, and phylogenetic characteristics of S. falcatus in Thailand.

Citations

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PLOS One.2025; 20(7): e0325160. CrossRef
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Shimaa Abdelkhalek, Marwa M. Attia, Marwa A. Ibrahim, Reda M. S. Korany, Mohamed Abdelsalam, Dalia A. Abdel-moneam
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O. Pitaksakulrat, P. Sithithaworn, K.Y. Kopolrat, N. Kiatsopit, W. Saijuntha, R.H. Andrews, T.N. Petney, D. Blair
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Maureen Duflot, Thomas Setbon, Graziella Midelet, Thomas Brauge, Mélanie Gay
Journal of Microbiological Methods.2021; 187: 106258. CrossRef
Infections of Digenetic Trematode Metacercariae in Wrestling Halfbeak, Dermogenys pusilla from Bangkok Metropolitan Region in Thailand
Laddawan Patarwut, Thapana Chontananarth, Jong-Yil Chai, Watchariya Purivirojkul
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2020; 58(1): 27. CrossRef
Morphological and Molecular Identification of Stellantchasmus dermogenysi n. sp. (Digenea: Heterophyidae) in Thailand
Chalobol Wongsawad, Nattawadee Nantarat, Pheravut Wongsawad, Preeyaporn Butboonchoo, Jong-Yil Chai
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2019; 57(3): 257. CrossRef
Multiplex PCR assay for discrimination of Centrocestus caninus and Stellantchasmus falcatus
Thapana Chontananarth
Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine.2017; 7(2): 103. CrossRef
Phylogenetic analysis reveals cryptic species diversity within minute intestinal fluke, Stellantchasmus falcatus Onji and Nishio, 1916 (Trematoda, Heterophyidae)
Chalobol Wongsawad, Nattawadee Nantarat, Pheravut Wongsawad
Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine.2017; 10(2): 165. CrossRef
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Jong-Yil Chai, Bong-Kwang Jung
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Parasitology Research.2015; 114(11): 4259. CrossRef

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Foodborne Trematode Metacercariae in Fish from Northern Vietnam and Their Adults Recovered from Experimental Hamsters: Jong-Yil Chai, Nguyen Van De, Woon-Mok Sohn; Korean J Parasitol 2012;50(4):317-325.
Published online November 26, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2012.50.4.317

Abstract
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The prevalence of foodborne trematode (FBT) metacercariae was investigated in fish from 2 localities of northern Vietnam in 2004-2005. Freshwater fish (9 species) were collected from local markets in Hanoi City (n=76) and Nam Dinh Province (n=79), and were examined for FBT metacercariae using the artificial digestion technique. Adult flukes were obtained from hamsters experimentally infected with the metacercariae at day 8 post-infection. Three (Haplorchis pumilio, Centrocestus formosanus, and Procerovum varium) and 6 (Haplorchis taichui, H. pumilio, C. formosanus, P. varium, Stellantchasmus falcatus, and Heterophyopsis continua) species of FBT metacercariae were detected in the 2 regions, respectively. Overall, among the positive fish species, H. pumilio metacercariae were detected in 104 (80.0%) of 130 fish examined (metacercarial density per infected fish; 64.2). C. formosanus metacercariae were found in 37 (40.2%) of 92 fish (metacercarial density; 14.7). P. varium metacercariae were detected in 19 (63.3%) of 30 fish (Anabas testudineus and Mugil cephalus) (metacercarial density; 247.7). S. falcatus metacercariae were found in all 10 M. cephalus examined (metacercarial density; 84.4). H. continua metacercariae (2 in number) were detected in 1 fish of Coilia lindmani. Morphologic characteristics of the FBT metacercariae and their experimentally obtained adults were described. The results have demonstrated that various FBT species are prevalent in northen parts of Vietnam.

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Chadaporn Dunghungzin, Thapana Chontananarth
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The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2020; 58(1): 27. CrossRef
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Fuhong Dai, Sung-Jong Hong, Jhang Ho Pak, Thanh Hoa Le, Seung-Ho Choi, Byoung-Kuk Na, Woon-Mok Sohn
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Jong-Yil Chai, Soon-Hyung Lee, Han-Jong Rim, Woon-Mok Sohn, Bounlay Phommasack
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Complete Mitochondrial Genome of Haplorchis taichui and Comparative Analysis with Other Trematodes
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Comparative Morphology of Minute Intestinal Fluke Eggs That Can Occur in Human Stools in the Republic of Korea: Jin-Joo Lee, Bong-Kwang Jung, Hyemi Lim, Mi Youn Lee, Sung-Yil Choi, Eun-Hee Shin, Jong-Yil Chai; Korean J Parasitol 2012;50(3):207-213.
Published online August 13, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2012.50.3.207

Abstract
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The egg morphology of minute intestinal flukes (MIF) that can occur as human infections in the Republic of Korea, i.e., Metagonimus yokogawai, M. miyatai, M. takahashii, Heterophyes nocens, Heterophyopsis continua, Stellantchasmus falcatus, Stictodora fuscata, Pygidiopsis summa, and Gymnophalloides seoi, was studied in comparison with Clonorchis sinensis. The adult worms were obtained from residents of endemic areas, and their intrauterine eggs were studied and measured using light microscopy; the length, width, length-width ratio (LWR), and Faust-Meleney index (FMI). Several specimens were processed for scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and before gold-coating, the uterine portion of each fluke was etched with a sharp pin in order to expose the eggs. The MIF eggs were ovoid, pyriform, or elliptical with a size range of 21-35×12-21 ?m. S. fuscata eggs revealed the highest FMI (largest in the area) and lowest LWR, whereas P. summa eggs showed the lowest FMI and medium LWR. SEM revealed that G. seoi and S. fuscata had remarkably clean shell surface lacking the muskmelon-like structure which is prominent in C. sinensis eggs. In Metagonimus spp., H. continua, H. nocens, and S. falcatus eggs, minute surface ridges were recognizable though less prominent compared with C. sinensis. On the surface of P. summa eggs, thread-like curly structures were characteristically seen. The results revealed that important differential keys for MIF eggs include the length, width, area (FMI), shape of the eggs, and the extent of the muskmelon-like structure or ridges on their shell surface and operculum.

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Molecular Markers for Identification of Stellantchasmus falcatus and a Phylogenic Study using the HAT-RAPD Method: Chalobol Wongsawad, Pheravut Wongsawad; Korean J Parasitol 2010;48(4):303-307.
Published online December 16, 2010; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2010.48.4.303

Abstract
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Stellantchasmus falcatus is a minute intestinal fluke in the family Heterophyidae. Metacercariae, the infective stage, were reported in a marine fish, mullet Liza subviridis, and a fresh water fish, Dermogenus pusillus, in Thailand. Adults were found in chicks, rats, cats, and humans. Morphological studies were done for comparing Stellantchasmus sp. worms found in 2 different fish hosts; their shapes and organ arrangements were very similar except for the prepharynx length. Therefore, the present study aimed to compare their DNA fingerprints using the HAT-RAPD method for both types of Stellantchasmus and several other related species. Ten arbitrarily selected primers (OPA-04, OPA-09, OPN-02, OPN-03, OPN-09, OPN-12, OPP-11, OPR-15, OPX-13, and OPAD-01) were used. It was found that OPA-09, OPN-03, and OPAD-01 were able to generate S. falcatus specific fragments in mullets which consisted of 200, 760, and 280 bp, respectively. In addition, the results of morphologic, DNA fingerprinting, and phylogenetic analyses strongly suggest that the fresh water and marine specimens of Stellantchamus may be different species.

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Two endemic foci of heterophyids and other intestinal fluke infections in southern and western coastal areas in Korea: Jong-Yil Chai, Tae-Eui Song, Eun-Taek Han, Sang-Mee Guk, Yun-Kyu Park, Min-Ho Choi, Soon-Hyung Lee; Korean J Parasitol 1998;36(3):155-161.
Published online September 30, 1998; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.1998.36.3.155

Abstract
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Two endemic foci of heterophyid infections were discovered in coastal villages of Puan-gun, Chollabuk-do, and Sachon-gun. Kyongsangnam-do, Korea. Fecal examinations were performed on 153 inhabitants of Puan-gun and 138 of Sachon-gun, using cellophane thick smear and formalin-ether sedimentation technique. The helminth egg and/or protozoan cyst positive rate was 21.5% (33/153) in Puan-gun and 39.1% (54/138) in Sachon-gun. In Puan-gun, the egg positive rate of heterophyids was the highest, 17.6%, and that of other parasites was 0.7-2.6% by parasite species. In Sachon-gun, that of heterophyids was 18.8%, followed by Clonorchis sinensis (12.3%), and other parasites (0.7-5.0%). Twenth-two (Puan-gun) and six (Sachon-gun) heterophyid egg positive cases were treated with praziquantel, and adult flukes were collected from their diarrheic stools. A total of 3,284 adult flukes of Heterophyes nocens was collected from all of the 22 patients treated in Puan-gun (3-778 individually), and other trematodes were also collected from 2-15 patients: Pygidiopsis summa, Stellantchasmus falcalus, Metagonimus yokogawai, M. miyatai, Stictodora fuscata, Heterophyopsis continua, Acanthoparyphium kurogamo, and Gymnophalloides seoi. In Sachon-gun, M. yokogawai (3,007 specimens), H. nocens (120), and S. falcatus (46) were collected from 5 of 6 treated patients, and H. continua and S. lari each from one patient. The present study revealed that heterophyid flukes, especially H. nocens and M. yokogawai, are prevalent in the southern and western coastal areas of Korea where fresh and/or brackish water fishes are popularly eaten raw.

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