To date, there is no report on the genetic diversity of ticks in these regions. A total of 370 representative ticks from the south and east regions of Kazakhstan (SERK) and Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (XUAR) were selected for molecular comparison. A fragment of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (cox1) gene, ranging from 631 bp to 889 bp, was used to analyze genetic diversity among these ticks. Phylogenetic analyses indicated 7 tick species including Hyalomma asiaticum, Hyalomma detritum, Hyalomma anatolicum, Dermacentor marginatus, Rhipicephalus sanguineus, Rhipicephalus turanicus and Haemaphysalis erinacei from the SERK clustered together with conspecific ticks from the XUAR. The network diagram of haplotypes showed that i) Hy. asiaticum from Almaty and Kyzylorda Oblasts together with that from Yuli County of XUAR constituted haplogroup H-2, and the lineage from Chimkent City of South Kazakhstan was newly evolved; and ii) the R. turanicus ticks sampled in Israel, Almaty, South Kazakhstan, Usu City, Ulugqat and Baicheng Counties of XUAR were derivated from an old lineage in Alataw City of XUAR. These findings indicate that: i) Hy. asiaticum, R. turanicus and Ha. erinacei shared genetic similarities between the SERK and XUAR; and ii) Hy. marginatum and D. reticulatus show differences in their evolution.
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by
Population genetic structure and demographic history of Dermacentor marginatus Sulzer, 1776 in Anatolia Ömer Orkun, Eneshan Sarıkaya, Anıl Yılmaz, Mesut Yiğit, Zati Vatansever Scientific Reports.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
The genetic diversity of tick species in selected areas of Qinghai Province Xuelian Chen, Zhi Li, Xueyong Zhang, Hong Duo, Xiuying Shen, Yijun Ma, Yong Fu, Zhihong Guo Parasitology Research.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Morphological, distributional, and molecular study of the Phlebotomus sand flies of Jordan Rami M. Mukbel, Dania A. Kanaan, Marwan M. Abu Halaweh, Zuhair S. Amr Journal of Vector Ecology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
East-to-west dispersal of bird-associated ixodid ticks in the northern Palaearctic: Review of already reported tick species according to longitudinal migratory avian hosts and first evidence on the genetic connectedness of Ixodes apronophorus between Sibe Andor Pitó, Denis Fedorov, Vojtěch Brlík, Jenő Kontschán, Gergő Keve, Attila D. Sándor, Nóra Takács, Sándor Hornok Current Research in Parasitology & Vector-Borne Diseases.2024; 6: 100201. CrossRef
Theileria and Babesia infection in cattle – First molecular survey in Kazakhstan Marat Kuibagarov, Riza Makhamed, Assylbek Zhylkibayev, Maxat Berdikulov, Sarsenbay Abdrakhmanov, Mazhit Kozhabayev, Ilyas Akhmetollayev, Kasim Mukanov, Anara Ryskeldina, Yerlan Ramankulov, Alexandr Shustov, Christian Bauer, Alexandr Shevtsov Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases.2023; 14(1): 102078. CrossRef
Spotted fever group rickettsiae in hard ticks in eastern and southern Kazakhstan Qiaoyan Dong, Meihua Yang, Fengshi Li, Yuqing Jia, Kadyken Rizabek, Kenesbay Kairullayev, Otarbayev Bauyrzhan, Ketan Adil, Kazkhan Oralhazi, Yuanzhi Wang Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases.2023; 14(6): 102238. CrossRef
First detection of Rickettsia aeschlimannii in Hyalomma marginatum in Tibet, China Jun Jiao, Yonghui Yu, Peisheng He, Weiqiang Wan, Xuan OuYang, Bohai Wen, Yi Sun, Xiaolu Xiong Zoonoses.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
The Alataw Pass, near the Ebinur Lake Wetland (northwest of China) and Taldykorgan (east of Kazakhstan), is a natural habitat for wild rodents. To date, little has been done on the surveillance of Bartonella spp. and Wolbachia spp. from fleas in the region. Here we molecularly detected Bartonella spp. and Wolbachia spp. in wild rodent fleas during January and October of 2016 along the Alataw Pass-Kazakhstan border. A total of 1,706 fleas belonging to 10 species were collected from 6 rodent species. Among the 10 flea species, 4 were found to be positive for Wolbachia, and 5 flea species were positive for Bartonella. Molecular analysis indicated that i) B. rochalimae was firstly identified in Xenopsylla gerbilli minax and X. conformsconforms, ii) B. grahamii was firstly identified in X. gerbilliminax, and iii) B. elizabethae was firstly detected in Coptopsyllalamelliferardua, Paradoxopsyllusrepandus, and Nosopsylluslaevicepslaeviceps. Additionally, 3 Wolbachiaendosymbionts were firstly found in X. gerbilliminax, X. conformsconforms, P. repandus, and N. laevicepslaeviceps. BLASTn analysis indicated 3 Bartonella species showed genotypic variation. Phylogenetic analysis revealed 3 Wolbachia endosymbionts were clustered into the non-Siphonaptera Wolbachia group. These findings extend our knowledge of the geographical distribution and carriers of B. rochalimae, B. grahamii, B. elizabethae, and Wolbachia spp. In the future, there is a need for China-Kazakhstan cooperation to strengthen the surveillance of flea-borne pathogens in wildlife.
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by
New records of pathogenic bacteria in different species of fleas collected from domestic and peridomestic animals in Spain. A potential zoonotic threat? Antonio Zurita, Ignacio Trujillo, Cristina Cutillas Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases.2024; 107: 102153. CrossRef
Molecular detection of Bartonella rochalimae and Hepatozoon canis in red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) from China Shiyi Wang, Nannan Cui, Ziman Lv, Nan Wang, Gang Liu, Shanshan Zhao, Changqing Liu, Yuanzhi Wang International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife.2024; 23: 100925. CrossRef
Novel trypanosomatid species detected in Mongolian pikas (Ochotona pallasi) and their fleas in northwestern China Shiyi Wang, Suwen Wang, Xiaoshuang Han, Sándor Hornok, Huiqian Wang, Nan Wang, Gang Liu, Meihua Yang, Yuanzhi Wang Parasites & Vectors.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Epidemiological survey and genetic diversity of Bartonella in fleas collected from rodents in Fujian Province, Southeast China Shuheng Zhou, Yuwei Nian, Zhiwei Zeng, Tengwei Han, Weijun Liu, Kuicheng Zheng, Fangzhen Xiao Parasites & Vectors.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
On-host flea phenology and flea-borne pathogen surveillance among mammalian wildlife of the pineywoods of East Texas Jordan Salomon, Emily Leeke, Haydee Montemayor, Cassandra Durden, Lisa Auckland, Sujata Balasubramanian, Gabriel L. Hamer, Sarah A. Hamer Journal of Vector Ecology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Bartonella, Blechomonas and Trypanosoma in fleas from the long-tailed ground squirrel (Spermophilus undulatus) in northwestern China Xiaoshuang Han, Shanshan Zhao, Ziheng Liu, Yujiang Zhang, Guoyu Zhao, Chunju Zhang, Lijuan Tang, Lin Cui, Yuanzhi Wang International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife.2024; 24: 100958. CrossRef
Bartonella rochalimae in a flea collected from a Mephitis macroura in Sonora Mexico Adriana M. Fernández-González, Angel Herrera-Mares, Fabiola Ramírez-Corona, Roxana Acosta, Gerardo Suzán Acta Parasitologica.2024; 69(4): 2037. CrossRef
Identification of Vietnamese Flea Species and Their Associated Microorganisms Using Morphological, Molecular, and Protein Profiling Ly Na Huynh, Adama Zan Diarra, Quang Luan Pham, Jean-Michel Berenger, Van Hoang Ho, Xuan Quang Nguyen, Philippe Parola Microorganisms.2023; 11(3): 716. CrossRef
Epidemiological characteristics and genetic diversity of Bartonella species in rodents from southeastern China Haixin Liu, Tengwei Han, Weijun Liu, Guoying Xu, Kuicheng Zheng, Fangzhen Xiao Zoonoses and Public Health.2022; 69(3): 224. CrossRef
PARASITES OF AN ENDANGERED HARVEST MOUSE (REITHRODONTOMYS RAVIVENTRIS HALICOETES) IN A NORTHERN CALIFORNIA MARSH Sadie N. Trombley, Laureen M. Barthman-Thompson, Melissa K. Riley, Sarah A. Estrella, Katherine R. Smith, Deana L. Clifford, Patrick Foley, Janet Foley, Douglas A. Kelt Journal of Wildlife Diseases.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Atelerix algirus, the North African Hedgehog: Suitable Wild Host for Infected Ticks and Fleas and Reservoir of Vector-Borne Pathogens in Tunisia Ghofrane Balti, Clemence Galon, Moufida Derghal, Hejer Souguir, Souheila Guerbouj, Adel Rhim, Jomâa Chemkhi, Ikram Guizani, Ali Bouattour, Sara Moutailler, Youmna M’ghirbi Pathogens.2021; 10(8): 953. CrossRef
Cystic echinococcosis (CE) caused by E. granulosus is a serious helminthic zoonosis in humans, livestock and wildlife. Xinjiang is one of high endemic province for CE in China. A total of 55 sheep and cattle livers containing echinococcal cysts were collected from slaughterhouses in Changji and Yining City, northern region of Xinjiang. PCR was employed for cloning 2 gene fragments, 12S rRNA and CO1 for analysis of phylogenetic diversity of E. granulosus. The results showed that all the samples collected were identified as G1 genotype of E. granulosus. Interestingly, YL5 and CJ75 strains were the older branches compared to those strains from France, Argentina, Australia. CO1 gene fragment showed 20 new genotype haploids and 5 new genotype haplogroups (H1-H5) by the analysis of Network 5.0 software, and the YLY17 strain was identified as the most ancestral haplotype. The major haplotypes, such as CJ75 and YL5 strains, showed identical to the isolates from Middle East. The international and domestic trade of livestock might contribute to the dispersal of different haplotypes for E. granulosus evolution.
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by
Gene Polymorphism of Antigen B Subunit 2 and Pathogenesis of Cystic Echinococcosis in Murine Model Hadi M. Alsakee, Hussein M. Abdulla, Reshna K. Albarzanji ARO-THE SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL OF KOYA UNIVERSITY.2025; 13(1): 42. CrossRef
Genetic Variation Within and Between G1 and G3 Genotypes of Echinococcus granulosus sensu stricto from Chile Revealed by Partial DNA Sequencing of rrnS Gene Marker Victoria Freire, Gittith Sánchez, Flery Fonseca, Alejandro Hidalgo, Alex Vargas, Juan Venegas Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases.2025; 25(5): 339. CrossRef
Comparative evaluation of mitochondrial gene markers for molecular diagnosis of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato in clinical samples Sumeeta Khurana, Reena Yadav, Anupma Dhaka, Abhishek Mewara, Lileshwar Kaman, Ajay Duseja, Naveen Kalra Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease.2025; 113(2): 116904. CrossRef
Prevalence and spatial distribution characteristics of human echinococcosis: A county-level modeling study in southern Xinjiang, China Yue Zhang, Jun Wu, Simayi Adili, Shuo Wang, Haiting Zhang, Guangzhong Shi, Jiangshan Zhao Heliyon.2024; 10(7): e28812. CrossRef
Epidemiology and genetic diversity of Echinococcus granulosus sensu stricto in the East Tianshan Mountains, Xinjiang, China Wulijiang Kamali, Si-Yun Wang, Wei-Dong Luo, Shuai Liu, Li Zhao, Xing-Yu Pan, Bing-Jie Wang, Yong-Hui Mu, Tuoliehuojia Jiawuti, Kadierding Aierken, Zhuang-Zhi Zhang, Wan-Li Ban Parasitology Research.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Survey and Molecular Characterization of Echinococcus granulosus sensu stricto from Livestock and Humans in the Altai Region of Xinjiang, China Baoping Guo, Li Zhao, Lu Zhao, Rongsheng Mi, Xu Zhang, Bingjie Wang, Gang Guo, Yuan Ren, Wenjing Qi, Zhuangzhi Zhang Pathogens.2023; 12(1): 134. CrossRef
Update on the genetic diversity and population structure of Echinococcus granulosus in Gansu Province, Tibet Autonomous Region, and Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Western China, inferred from mitochondrial cox1, nad1, and nad5 sequences Nigus Abebe Shumuye, Li Li, John Asekhaen Ohiolei, Sayed Ajmal Qurishi, Wen-Hui Li, Nian-Zhang Zhang, Yan-Tao Wu, Yao-Dong Wu, Sheng-Zhi Gao, Fu-Heng Zhang, Xue-Qi Tian, Wen-Jun Tian, Yong Fu, Xie-Zhong Wang, Yong-Hong Pan, Fang Zhan, Lin-Sheng Zhang, Min Parasitology Research.2023; 122(5): 1107. CrossRef
Molecular characterization of cattle and sheep isolates of Echinococcus granulosus from Elazig province in Turkey and expression analysis of the non-coding RNAs, egr-miR-7, egr-miR-71 and egr-miR-96 Bunyamin Irehan, Figen Celik, Ergun Koroglu, Ahmet Tektemur, Sami Simsek Experimental Parasitology.2023; 251: 108551. CrossRef
Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato Genotypes in Different Hosts Worldwide: A Systematic Review Carlos Manterola, Armando Totomoch-Serra, Claudio Rojas, Ángela L. Riffo-Campos, Nayely García-Méndez Acta Parasitologica.2022; 67(1): 161. CrossRef
Human Cystic Echinococcosis in Lebanon: A Retrospective Study and Molecular Epidemiology Gaelle Joanny, Maria Grazia Cappai, Francesca Nonnis, Claudia Tamponi, Giorgia Dessì, Naunain Mehmood, Julien Dahdah, Chadi Hosri, Antonio Scala, Antonio Varcasia Acta Parasitologica.2022; 67(1): 186. CrossRef
Meta-analysis of the prevalence of bovine cystic echinococcosis in China during decade Xin-Bo Yang, Xiang-Zhu Meng, Yan Zhao, Jin-Ping Zhao, Chao Chen, Ya Qin, Yuan Zhang, Quan Zhao Research in Veterinary Science.2022; 152: 465. CrossRef
Food-borne zoonotic echinococcosis: A review with special focus on epidemiology Mughees Aizaz Alvi, Abdullah F. Alsayeqh Frontiers in Veterinary Science.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Theileria, Hepatozoon and Taenia infection in great gerbils (Rhombomys opimus) in northwestern China Na Ji, Xueling Chen, Gang Liu, Shanshan Zhao, Wenbo Tan, Guangyuan Liu, Jiangguo Zhang, Yuanzhi Wang International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife.2021; 15: 79. CrossRef
Advances in research on echinococcoses epidemiology in China Mei-Hua Fu, Xu Wang, Shuai Han, Ya-Yi Guan, Robert Bergquist, Wei-Ping Wu Acta Tropica.2021; 219: 105921. CrossRef
Multiple haplotypes of Echinococcus granulosus sensu stricto in single naturally infected intermediate hosts Christian Hidalgo, Caroll Stoore, Ismael Pereira, Rodolfo Paredes, Cristian A. Alvarez Rojas Parasitology Research.2020; 119(2): 763. CrossRef
miRNAs and lncRNAs in Echinococcus and Echinococcosis Zhi He, Taiming Yan, Ya Yuan, Deying Yang, Guangyou Yang International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2020; 21(3): 730. CrossRef
Molecular characterization ofEchinococcus granulosusin livestock of Al-Madinah (Saudi Arabia) N.M. AL-Mutairi, H.A. Taha, A.H. Nigm Journal of Helminthology.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
First
Prev
