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Brief Communications
Strain-dependent immune responses reveal a critical role of IL-17A in defense against Balamuthia mandrillaris
Yu Jin Jeong, Dong Gyu Han, Mi Kyung Park, Seo Yeong Choi, Shin Ae Kang, Hak Sun Yu
Parasites Hosts Dis 2025;63(4):371-377.
Published online November 19, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/PHD.25066
Balamuthia mandrillaris is a causative agent of granulomatous amebic encephalitis, a rare but often fatal condition. To investigate the role of T helper (Th) cell subsets in the immune response against B. mandrillaris, we examined 3 mouse strains with distinct immunological profiles: C57BL/6 (Th1-dominant), BALB/c (Th2-dominant), and ICR (balanced Th1/Th2). Mice were infected intranasally with 1×105 amoebae. Body weight and neurologic symtoms were monitored weekly, and cytokine expression was assessed biweekly over 6 weeks. Minimal weight loss and no mortality were observed in C57BL/6 mice, whereas BALB/c and ICR mice exhibited significant early and delayed mortality, respectively. Interleukin-17A expression was notably elevated in C57BL/6 mice compared with the other strains. These findings indicate that a robust Th17 response, particularly interleukin-17A production, is a critical component of the host defense against B. mandrillaris infection.
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The Jeju Weasel, Mustela sibilica quelpartis, A New Definitive Host for Gnathostoma nipponicum Yamaguti, 1941
Ho-Choon Woo, Hong-Shik Oh, Shin-Hyeong Cho, Byoung-Kuk Na, Woon-Mok Sohn
Korean J Parasitol 2011;49(3):317-321.
Published online September 30, 2011
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2011.49.3.317

Adult gnathostomes were discovered in the stomach of the Jeju weasel, Mustela sibilica quelpartis, road-killed in Jeju-do (Province). Their morphological characters were examined to identify the species. Total 50 gnathostome adults were collected from 6 out of 10 weasels examined. In infected weasels, 4-6 worms were grouped and embedded in each granulomatous gastric tumor, except 1 weasel. Male worms were 25.0×1.4 mm in average size, and had a tail with pedunculate papillae, a spicule, and minute tegumental spines. Females were 40.0×2.5 mm in average size, and had a tail without tegumental spines. Pointed and posteriorly curved hooklets were arranged in 8-10 rows on the head bulb. Tegumental spines were distributed from behind the head bulb to the middle portion of the body. The spines were different in size and shape by the distribution level of the body surface. Fertilized eggs were 65.5×38.9 ?m in average size, and had a mucoid plug at 1 pole. These gnathostomes from Jeju weasels were identified as Gnathostoma nipponicum Yamaguti, 1941. By the present study, it was confirmed for the first time that G. nipponicum is distributed in Jeju-do, the Republic of Korea, and the Jeju weasel, M. sibilica quelpartis, plays a crucial role for its definitive host.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  Crossref logo
  • A case of vocal cord gnathostomiasis diagnosed with sectional morphologies in a histopathological specimen from a Chinese woman living in Korea
    Doo Sik Park, Eun Hyun Cho, Kyung Hoon Park, Soo Min Jo, Bumjung Park, Sun Huh
    Parasites, Hosts and Diseases.2023; 61(3): 298.     CrossRef
  • Mustela sibirica (Carnivora: Mustelidae)
    Chris J Law
    Mammalian Species.2018; 50(966): 109.     CrossRef
  • Gnathostoma spinigerum Infection in the Upper Lip of a Korean Woman: An Autochthonous Case in Korea
    Jae Hee Kim, Hyemi Lim, Young-Sang Hwang, Tae Yeon Kim, Eun Mee Han, Eun-Hee Shin, Jong-Yil Chai
    The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2013; 51(3): 343.     CrossRef
  • Discovery of LarvalGnathostoma nipponicumin Frogs and Snakes from Jeju-do (Province), Republic of Korea
    Ho-Choon Woo, Hong-Shik Oh, Shin-Hyeong Cho, Byoung-Kuk Na, Woon-Mok Sohn
    The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2011; 49(4): 445.     CrossRef
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