Parasites, Hosts and Diseases

"hybrid"

Brief Communications

Occurrence of a Hybrid Between Taenia saginata and Taenia asiatica Tapeworms in Cambodia: Taehee Chang, Bong-Kwang Jung, Sooji Hong, Hyejoo Shin, Seungwan Ryoo, Jeonggyu Lee, Keon Hoon Lee, Hansol Park, Keeseon S. Eom, Virak Khieu, Rekol Huy, Woon-Mok Sohn, Jong-Yil Chai; Korean J Parasitol 2021;59(2):179-182.
Published online April 22, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2021.59.2.179

Abstract
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Human infection with Taenia asiatica or a hybrid between Taenia saginata and T. asiatica has not been reported in Cambodia. We detected for the first time a hybrid form between T. saginata and T. asiatica in Preah Vihear Province, Cambodia. An adult tapeworm specimen, i.e., 75 cm long strobila without scolex, was expelled from a 27-year-old man after praziquantel medication and purging. It was morphologically indistinguishable between T. saginata and T. asiatica. Several proglottids were molecularly analyzed to confirm the tapeworm species. The mitochondrial gene encoding cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) and nuclear genes encoding elongation factor-1α (ef1) and ezrin-radixin-moesin (ERM)-like protein (elp) were sequenced, and a single-allele analysis was performed to confirm the haploid genotype. The results revealed that our sample showed a discrepancy between the mitochondrial and 2 nuclear genes. It possessed homozygous sequences typical of T. saginata at cox1 and ef1 loci. However, it was heterozygous at the elp locus, with 1 allele in T. asiatica (elpA) and 1 in T. saginata (elpC), which indicates that it is a hybrid between T. saginata and T. asiatica. The present results confirmed the presence of a hybrid between T. saginata and T. asiatica in Cambodia and strongly suggest the existence of also ‘pure’ T. asiatica in Cambodia.

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Molecular Identification and Appraisal of the Genetic Variation of Taenia saginata in Central Regions of Vietnam
Giang Tran Thi, Ilenia Azzena, Fabio Scarpa, Piero Cossu, Cong Danh Le, Phuong Anh Ton Nu, Thi Minh Chau Ngo, Daria Sanna, Marco Casu
Life.2022; 12(1): 70.     CrossRef
Case Report: Molecular Diagnosis Revealing an Intestinal Infection of a Hybridized Tapeworm (Taenia saginata and Taenia asiatica) to Human in Yunnan, China
Kan-Kan Chu, Ye Qiu, Ce-Heng Liao, Zhi You, Zuo-Shun He, Wen Fang, Hong-Ying Li, Peter Daszak, Jun-Jie Hu, Yun-Zhi Zhang, Xing-Yi Ge
Frontiers in Gastroenterology.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef

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Anaplasma marginale and A. platys Characterized from Dairy and Indigenous Cattle and Dogs in Northern Vietnam

Nguyen Thi Hong Chien, Thi Lan Nguyen, Khanh Linh Bui, Tho Van Nguyen, Thanh Hoa Le

Korean J Parasitol 2019;57(1):43-47.
Published online February 26, 2019

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2019.57.1.43

Abstract

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Anaplasma marginale and A. platys were detected and characterized (16S rDNA sequence analysis) from dairy and indigenous cattle, and the latter in domestic dogs in Vietnam. A phylogenetic tree was inferred from 26 representative strains/species of Anaplasma spp. including 10 new sequences from Vietnam. Seven of our Vietnamese sequences fell into the clade of A. marginale and 3 into A. platys, with strong nodal support of 99 and 90%, respectively. Low genetic distances (0.2-0.4%) within each species supported the identification. Anaplasma platys is able to infect humans. Our discovery of this species in cattle and domestic dogs raises considerable concern about zoonotic transmission in Vietnam. Further systematic investigations are needed to gain data for Anaplasma spp. and members of Anaplasmataceae in animal hosts, vectors and humans across Vietnam.

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Molecular detection and genetic diversity of Anaplasma and Ehrlichia species in livestock and dogs in Pakistan
Mughees Aizaz Alvi, Talha Javaid, Abu Bakar Yameen, Fakiha Asghar, Aliza Ali, Iqra Zaheer, Yousef Abdal Jalil Fadladdin, Hong-Bin Yan, Wan-Zhong Jia, Muhammad Saqib, Li Li
Acta Tropica.2025; 268: 107700.     CrossRef
Isolation, Molecular Characterization and In Vitro Propagation of an Anaplasma platys-Like Bacterium in Tick Cells
Erica Rodrigues de Matos, Priscilla Nunes dos Santos, Erich Peter Zweygarth, Talys Henrique Assumpção Jardim, Huarrisson Azevedo Santos, Matheus Dias Cordeiro, Bruna de Azevedo Baêta, Lesley Bell-Sakyi, Adivaldo Henrique da Fonseca, Claudia Bezerra da Sil
Pathogens.2025; 14(9): 901.     CrossRef
Tick distribution and comparative analysis of bovine blood microbiome in two provinces of South Africa using 16S rRNA PacBio sequencing approach
Bongekile L. Khoza, Charles Byaruhanga, S. Marcus Makgabo, Nkululeko Nyangiwe, Themba Mnisi, Samukelo Nxumalo, Marinda C. Oosthuizen, Zamantungwa T. H. Mnisi
Frontiers in Tropical Diseases.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
Molecular Characterization of Anaplasma spp. in Cattle from Kazakhstan
Madina Kadyrova, Alexandr Ostrovskii, Kassym Mukanov, Amirkhan Kassen, Elena Shevtsova, Maxat Berdikulov, Gilles Vergnaud, Alexandr Shevtsov
Pathogens.2024; 13(10): 894.     CrossRef
Detection of Tick‐Borne Pathogen Coinfections and Coexposures to Foot‐and‐Mouth Disease, Brucellosis, and Q Fever in Selected Wildlife From Kruger National Park, South Africa, and Etosha National Park, Namibia
Carlo Andrea Cossu, Sunday Ochonu Ochai, Milana Troskie, Axel Hartmann, Jacques Godfroid, Lin-Mari de Klerk, Wendy Turner, Pauline Kamath, Ockert Louis van Schalkwyk, Rudi Cassini, Raksha Bhoora, Henriette van Heerden, Nan-Hua Chen
Transboundary and Emerging Diseases.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
Dynamics of Infections in Cattle and Rhipicephalus microplus: A Preliminary Study
Elianne Piloto-Sardiñas, Angélique Foucault-Simonin, Alejandra Wu-Chuang, Lourdes Mateos-Hernández, Roxana Marrero-Perera, Lianet Abuin-Denis, Lisset Roblejo-Arias, Cristian Díaz-Corona, Zbigniew Zając, Joanna Kulisz, Aneta Woźniak, Sara Moutailler, Belki
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Molecular detection and genetic characterization of Anaplasma marginale and Anaplasma platys in cattle in Nigeria
Joshua Kamani, Juliane Schaer, Ali G. Umar, James Y. Pilarshimwi, Laminu Bukar, Javier González-Miguel, Shimon Harrus
Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases.2022; 13(4): 101955.     CrossRef
Genetic diversity of Anaplasma marginale in calves with anaplasmosis on farms in Minas Gerais, Brazil
Michele Bahia, Lucas Teixeira da Silva, Bruno Montijo da Silva, Matheus dias Cordeiro, Alexandro Guterres, Claudia Bezerra da Silva, Jenevaldo Barbosa da Silva, Adivaldo Henrique Fonseca
Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases.2021; 12(1): 101552.     CrossRef
Comparison of Anaplasma and Ehrlichia species–specific peptide ELISAs with whole organism–based immunofluorescent assays for serologic diagnosis of anaplasmosis and ehrlichiosis in dogs
Barbara A. Qurollo, Brett A. Stillman, Melissa J. Beall, Paulette Foster, Barbara C. Hegarty, Edward B. Breitschwerdt, Ramaswamy Chandrashekar
American Journal of Veterinary Research.2021; 82(1): 71.     CrossRef
Canine and feline vector-borne diseases of zoonotic concern in Southeast Asia
Viet-Linh Nguyen, Filipe Dantas-Torres, Domenico Otranto
Current Research in Parasitology & Vector-Borne Diseases.2021; 1: 100001.     CrossRef
Molecular detection of selected tick-borne pathogens infecting cattle at the wildlife–livestock interface of Queen Elizabeth National Park in Kasese District, Uganda
Benedicto Byamukama, Patrick Vudriko, Maria Agnes Tumwebaze, Dickson Stuart Tayebwa, Joseph Byaruhanga, Martin Kamilo Angwe, Jixu Li, Eloiza May Galon, Aaron Ringo, Mingming Liu, Yongchang Li, Shengwei Ji, Mohamed Abdo Rizk, Paul Frank Adjou Moumouni, Seu
Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases.2021; 12(5): 101772.     CrossRef
Molecular detection of Theileria species, Anaplasma species, Candidatus Mycoplasma haemobos, Trypanosoma evansi and first evidence of Theileria sinensis-associated bovine anaemia in crossbred Kedah-Kelantan x Brahman cattle
Onyinyechukwu Ada Agina, Mohd Rosly Shaari, Nur Mahiza Md Isa, Mokrish Ajat, Mohd Zamri-Saad, Mazlina Mazlan, Azim Salahuddin Muhamad, Afrah Alhana Kassim, Lee Chai Ha, Fairuz Hazwani Rusli, Darulmuqaamah Masaud, Hazilawati Hamzah
BMC Veterinary Research.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
Morphological, molecular and MALDI-TOF MS identification of ticks and tick-associated pathogens in Vietnam
Ly Na Huynh, Adama Zan Diarra, Quang Luan Pham, Nhiem Le-Viet, Jean-Michel Berenger, Van Hoang Ho, Xuan Quang Nguyen, Philippe Parola, Lynn Soong
PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases.2021; 15(9): e0009813.     CrossRef
The co-infection with Ehrlichia minasensis, Anaplasma marginale and Anaplasma platys is not associated with anemia in beef cattle in the Brazilian Pantanal
Marcos Rogério André, Ana Cláudia Calchi, Heitor Miraglia Herrera, Diego Carlos de Souza Zanatto, Bruna de Carvalho Le Senéchal Horta, Júlia Banhareli Tasso, Inalda Angélica de Souza Ramos, Victória Valente Califre de Mello, Rosangela Zacarias Machado
Veterinary Parasitology: Regional Studies and Reports.2020; 21: 100437.     CrossRef
Molecular detection and genetic characterization of Anaplasma marginale and Anaplasma platys-like (Rickettsiales: Anaplasmataceae) in water buffalo from eight provinces of Thailand
Anh H. L. Nguyen, Sonthaya Tiawsirisup, Morakot Kaewthamasorn
BMC Veterinary Research.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef

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Original Article

Distribution Status of Hybrid Types in Large Liver Flukes, Fasciola Species (Digenea: Fasciolidae), from Ruminants and Humans in Vietnam

Thi Bich Nga Nguyen, Nguyen Van De, Thi Kim Lan Nguyen, Huynh Hong Quang, Huong Thi Thanh Doan, Takeshi Agatsuma, Thanh Hoa Le

Korean J Parasitol 2018;56(5):453-461.
Published online October 31, 2018

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2018.56.5.453

Abstract

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The aim of this study is to delineate ‘admixed hybrid’ and ‘introgressive’ Fasciola genotypes present in the Fasciola population in Vietnam. Adult liver flukes collected from ruminants in 18 Provinces were morphologically sorted out by naked eyes for small (S), medium (M) and large (L) body shapes; and human samples (n=14) from patients. Nuclear ribosomal (rDNA) ITS1 and ITS2, and mitochondrial (mtDNA) nad1 markers were used for determination of their genetic status. Total 4,725 worm samples of ruminants were tentatively classified by their size: 6% (n=284) small (S)-, 13% (n=614) medium (M)-, and 81% (n=3,827) large (L)-forms. All the representative (n=120, as 40 each group) and 14 human specimens, possessed maternal mtDNA of only F. gigantica and none of F. hepatica. Paternally, all (100%) of the L-(n=40) and 77.5% (n=31) of the M-flukes had single F. gigantica rDNA indicating ‘pure’ F. gigantica. A majority (90%, n=36) of the S- and 15% (n=6) of the M-worms had single F. hepatica rDNA, indicating their introgressive; the rest (10%, n=4) of the S- and 7.5% (n=3) of the M-flukes had mixture of both F. gigantica and F. hepatica rDNAs, confirming their admixed hybrid genetic status. Fourteen human samples revealed 9 (64%) of pure F. gigantica, 3 (22%) of introgressive and 2 (14%) of admixed hybrid Fasciola spp. By the present study, it was confirmed that the small worms, which are morphologically identical with F. hepatica, are admixed and/or introgressive hybrids of Fasciola spp., and able to be the pathogens of human fascioliasis.

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Journal of Helminthology.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
Human fascioliasis emergence in southern Asia: Complete nuclear rDNA spacer and mtDNA gene sequences prove Indian patient infection related to fluke hybridization in northeastern India and Bangladesh
M. Dolores Bargues, Patricio Artigas, George M. Varghese, T. Jacob John, Sitara S.R. Ajjampur, Syed Ali Ahasan, Emdadul Haque Chowdhury, Albis Francesco Gabrielli, Santiago Mas-Coma
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Ines Hammami, Lavina Ciuca, Maria Paola Maurelli, Rihab Romdhane, Limam Sassi, Mohamed Ridha Rjeibi, Nadia Farhat, Alain Kouam Simo, Laura Rinaldi, Mourad Rekik, Mohamed Gharbi
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Brief Communication

The MAK16 Gene of Entamoeba histolytica and Its Identification in Isolates from Patients

Mar?a del Pilar Cris?stomo-V?zquez, V?ctor Alberto Marevelez-Acosta, Andr?s Flores-Luna, Enedina Jim?nez-Cardoso

Korean J Parasitol 2014;52(4):429-433.
Published online August 29, 2014

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2014.52.4.429

Abstract

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To identify sequences of Entamoeba histolytica associated with the development of amebic liver abscess (ALA) in hamsters, subtractive hybridization of cDNA from E. histolytica HM-1:IMSS under 2 growth conditions was performed: 1) cultured in axenic medium and 2) isolated from experimental ALA in hamsters. For this procedure, 6 sequences were obtained. Of these sequences, the mak16 gene was selected for amplification in 29 cultures of E. histolytica isolated from the feces of 10 patients with intestinal symptoms and 19 asymptomatic patients. Only 5 of the 10 isolates obtained from symptomatic patients developed ALA and amplified the mak16 gene, whereas the 19 isolates from asymptomatic patients did not amplify the mak16 gene nor did they develop ALA. Based on the results of Fisher's exact test (P<0.001), an association was inferred between the presence of the mak16 gene of E. histolytica and the ability to develop ALA in hamsters and with the patient's symptoms (P=0.02). The amplification of the mak16 gene suggests that it is an important gene in E. histolytica because it was present in the isolates from hamsters that developed liver damage.

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Jianhua Chen, Yanni He, Liangliang Chen, Tian Wu, Guangping Yang, Hui Luo, Saifei Hu, Siyue Yin, Yun Qian, Hui Miao, Na Li, Congxiu Miao, Ruizhi Feng
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Original Articles

Interaction between Parasitophorous Vacuolar Membrane-associated GRA3 and Calcium Modulating Ligand of Host Cell Endoplasmic Reticulum in the Parasitism of Toxoplasma gondii

Ji Yeon Kim, Hye-Jin Ahn, Kyung Ju Ryu, Ho-Woo Nam

Korean J Parasitol 2008;46(4):209-216.
Published online December 20, 2008

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2008.46.4.209

Abstract

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A monoclonal antibody against Toxoplasma gondii of Tg556 clone (Tg556) blotted a 29 kDa protein, which was localized in the dense granules of tachyzoites and secreted into the parasitophorous vacuolar membrane (PVM) after infection to host cells. A cDNA fragment encoding the protein was obtained by screening a T. gondii cDNA expression library with Tg556, and the full-length was completed by 5'-RACE of 2,086 bp containing an open reading frame (ORF) of 669 bp. The ORF encoded a polypeptide of 222 amino acids homologous to the revised GRA3 but not to the first reported one. The polypeptide has 3 hydrophobic moieties of an N-terminal stop transfer sequence and 2 transmembrane domains (TMD) in posterior half of the sequence, a cytoplasmic localization motif after the second TMD and an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) retrival motif in the C-terminal end, which suggests GRA3 as a type III transmembrane protein. With the ORF of GRA3, yeast two-hybrid assay was performed in HeLa cDNA expression library, which resulted in the interaction of GRA3 with calcium modulating ligand (CAMLG), a type II transmembrane protein of ER. The specific binding of GRA3 and CAMLG was confirmed by glutathione S-transferase (GST) pull-down and immunoprecipitation assays. The localities of fluorescence transfectionally expressed from GRA3 and CAMLG plasmids were overlapped completely in HeLa cell cytoplasm. In immunofluorescence assay, GRA3 and CAMLG were shown to be co-localized in the PVM of host cells. Structural binding of PVM-inserted GRA3 to CAMLG of ER suggested the receptor-ligand of ER recruitment to PVM during the parasitism of T. gondii.

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Toxoplasma effector TgROP1 establishes membrane contact sites with the endoplasmic reticulum during infection
Chahat Mehra, Jesús Alvarado Valverde, Ana Margarida Nogueira Matias, Francesca Torelli, Tânia Catarina Medeiros, Julian Straub, James D. Asaki, Peter J. Bradley, Katja Luck, Steffen Lawo, Moritz Treeck, Lena Pernas
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Ru Wang, Minmin Wu, Haijian Cai, Ran An, Ying Chen, Jie Wang, Nan Zhou, Jian Du
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JULIANA A. PORTES, ROSSIANE C. VOMMARO, LUCIO AYRES CALDAS, ERICA S. MARTINS-DUARTE
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Panpan Zhao, Jingquan Dong, Lili Cao, Jianhua Li, Xichen Zhang, Xin Li, Xiaocen Wang, Babatunde Kazeem Bello, Nan Zhang, Pengtao Gong
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Manipulation of Host Cell Organelles by Intracellular Pathogens
Malte Kellermann, Felix Scharte, Michael Hensel
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2021; 22(12): 6484.     CrossRef
Toxoplasma gondii Parasitophorous Vacuole Membrane-Associated Dense Granule Proteins Regulate Maturation of the Cyst Wall
Rebekah B. Guevara, Barbara A. Fox, David J. Bzik, Silvia N. J. Moreno
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Rhoptry and Dense Granule Secreted Effectors Regulate CD8+ T Cell Recognition of Toxoplasma gondii Infected Host Cells
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Neospora caninum Recruits Host Cell Structures to Its Parasitophorous Vacuole and Salvages Lipids from Organelles
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Min Li, Xu-Wei Mo, Lin Wang, He Chen, Qing-Li Luo, Hui-Qin Wen, Wei Wei, Ai-Mei Zhang, Jian Du, Fang-Li Lu, Zhao-Rong Lun, Ji-Long Shen
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High Expression of Water-Soluble Recombinant Antigenic Domains ofToxoplasma gondii Secretory Organelles
Zhaoshou Yang, Hye-Jin Ahn, Ho-Woo Nam
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2014; 52(4): 367.     CrossRef
Exploitation of auxotrophies and metabolic defects in Toxoplasma as therapeutic approaches
Isabelle Coppens
International Journal for Parasitology.2014; 44(2): 109.     CrossRef
Selective and strain-specific NFAT4 activation by the Toxoplasma gondii polymorphic dense granule protein GRA6
Ji Su Ma, Miwa Sasai, Jun Ohshima, Youngae Lee, Hironori Bando, Kiyoshi Takeda, Masahiro Yamamoto
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Discovering a vaccine against neosporosis using computers: is it feasible?
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Host Organelle Hijackers: a similarmodus operandiforToxoplasma gondiiandChlamydia trachomatis: co-infection model as a tool to investigate pathogenesis
Julia D. Romano, Isabelle Coppens
Pathogens and Disease.2013; 69(2): 72.     CrossRef
Interactions of pathogen-containing compartments with the secretory pathway
Johnathan Canton, Peter E. Kima
Cellular Microbiology.2012; 14(11): 1676.     CrossRef
Transcriptomic Analysis of Toxoplasma Development Reveals Many Novel Functions and Structures Specific to Sporozoites and Oocysts
Heather M. Fritz, Kerry R. Buchholz, Xiucui Chen, Blythe Durbin-Johnson, David M. Rocke, Patricia A. Conrad, John C. Boothroyd, Silvia N. Moreno
PLoS ONE.2012; 7(2): e29998.     CrossRef
Toxoplasma gondii Actively Inhibits Neuronal Function in Chronically Infected Mice
Fahad Haroon, Ulrike Händel, Frank Angenstein, Jürgen Goldschmidt, Peter Kreutzmann, Holger Lison, Klaus-Dieter Fischer, Henning Scheich, Wolfram Wetzel, Dirk Schlüter, Eike Budinger, Silvia N. Moreno
PLoS ONE.2012; 7(4): e35516.     CrossRef
Toxoplasma gondii: Expression of GRA1 gene in endoplasmic reticulum promotes both growth and adherence and modulates intracellular calcium release in macrophages
Jie Lin, Xu Lin, Guo-hua Yang, Yong Wang, Bi-wen Peng, Jian-yin Lin
Experimental Parasitology.2010; 125(2): 165.     CrossRef
Transmembrane and Ubiquitin-Like Domain Containing 1 (Tmub1) Regulates Locomotor Activity and Wakefulness in Mice and Interacts with CAMLG
Wandong Zhang, Katerina V. Savelieva, Adisak Suwanichkul, Daniel L. Small, Laura L. Kirkpatrick, Nianhua Xu, Thomas H. Lanthorn, Gui-Lan Ye, Georges Chapouthier
PLoS ONE.2010; 5(6): e11261.     CrossRef
GRA Proteins of Toxoplasma gondii: Maintenance of Host-Parasite Interactions across the Parasitophorous Vacuolar Membrane
Ho-Woo Nam
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2009; 47(Suppl): S29.     CrossRef

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Interactions between secreted GRA proteins and host cell proteins across the parasitophorous vacuolar membrane in the parasitism of Toxoplasma gondii

Hye-Jin Ahn, Sehra Kim, Hee-Eun Kim, Ho-Woo Nam

Korean J Parasitol 2006;44(4):303-312.
Published online December 20, 2006

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2006.44.4.303

Abstract

PDF

Interactions between GRA proteins of dense granules in Toxoplasma gondii and host cell proteins were analyzed by yeast two-hybrid technique. The cMyc-GRA fusion proteins expressed from pGBKT7 plasmid in Y187 yeast were bound to host cell proteins from pGADT7-Rec-HeLa cDNA library transformed to AH109 yeast by mating method. By the selection procedures, a total of 939 colonies of the SD/-AHLT culture, 348 colonies of the X-α-gal positive and PCR, 157 colonies of the X-β-gal assay were chosen for sequencing the cDNA and finally 90 colonies containing ORF were selected to analyze the interactions. GRA proteins interacted with a variety of host cell proteins such as enzymes, structural and functional proteins of organellar proteins of broad spectrum. Several specific bindings of each GRA protein to host proteins were discussed presumptively the role of GRA proteins after secreting into the parasitophorous vacuoles (PV) and the PV membrane in the parasitism of this parasite.

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Ru Wang, Minmin Wu, Haijian Cai, Ran An, Ying Chen, Jie Wang, Nan Zhou, Jian Du
Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease.2023; 8(3): 143.     CrossRef
Disruption of Dense Granular Protein 2 (GRA2) Decreases the Virulence of Neospora caninum
Jingquan Dong, Nan Zhang, Panpan Zhao, Jianhua Li, Lili Cao, Xiaocen Wang, Xin Li, Ju Yang, Xichen Zhang, Pengtao Gong
Frontiers in Veterinary Science.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
Interorganellar communication and membrane contact sites in protozoan parasites
Herbert J. Santos, Tomoyoshi Nozaki
Parasitology International.2021; 83: 102372.     CrossRef
Descriptive Comparison of ELISAs for the Detection of Toxoplasma gondii Antibodies in Animals: A Systematic Review
K. L. D. Tharaka D. Liyanage, Anke Wiethoelter, Jasmin Hufschmid, Abdul Jabbar
Pathogens.2021; 10(5): 605.     CrossRef
Toxoplasma gondii GRA9 Regulates the Activation of NLRP3 Inflammasome to Exert Anti-Septic Effects in Mice
Jae-Sung Kim, Seok-Jun Mun, Euni Cho, Donggyu Kim, Wooic Son, Hye-In Jeon, Hyo Keun Kim, Kiseok Jang, Chul-Su Yang
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Identification of two novel host proteins interacting with Toxoplasma gondii 14-3-3 protein by yeast two-hybrid system
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Ye-Ram Kim, Jae-Sung Kim, Jin-Seung Yun, Sojin Kim, Sun Young Kim, Kiseok Jang, Chul-Su Yang
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Barbara Clough, Eva-Maria Frickel
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Andreas Zanzoni, Lionel Spinelli, Shérazade Braham, Christine Brun
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Jun-Jun He, Jun Ma, Fa-Cai Li, Hui-Qun Song, Min-Jun Xu, Xing-Quan Zhu
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Toxoplasma gondii GRA7-Induced TRAF6 Activation Contributes to Host Protective Immunity
Chul-Su Yang, Jae-Min Yuk, Young-Ha Lee, Eun-Kyeong Jo, J. H. Adams
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Evaluation of an indirect ELISA using recombinant granule antigen GRA1, GRA7 and soluble antigens for serodiagnosis of Toxoplasma gondii infection in chickens
Xuefei Sun, Zedong Wang, Jiping Li, Feng Wei, Quan Liu
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Comparative mapping of host–pathogen protein–protein interactions
Priya S Shah, Jason A Wojcechowskyj, Manon Eckhardt, Nevan J Krogan
Current Opinion in Microbiology.2015; 27: 62.     CrossRef
Selective and strain-specific NFAT4 activation by the Toxoplasma gondii polymorphic dense granule protein GRA6
Ji Su Ma, Miwa Sasai, Jun Ohshima, Youngae Lee, Hironori Bando, Kiyoshi Takeda, Masahiro Yamamoto
Journal of Experimental Medicine.2014; 211(10): 2013.     CrossRef
Recombinant Dense Granular Protein (GRA5) for Detection of Human Toxoplasmosis by Western Blot
Xiao Teng Ching, Yee Ling Lau, Mun Yik Fong, Veeranoot Nissapatorn, Hemah Andiappan
BioMed Research International.2014; 2014: 1.     CrossRef
A novel dense granule protein, GRA22, is involved in regulating parasite egress in Toxoplasma gondii
Tadashi Okada, Dini Marmansari, Zeng-mei Li, Altanchimeg Adilbish, Shishenkov Canko, Akio Ueno, Haruhi Shono, Hidefumi Furuoka, Makoto Igarashi
Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology.2013; 189(1-2): 5.     CrossRef
GRA 14, a novel dense granule protein from Neospora caninum
Gongzhen Liu, Xia Cui, Pan Hao, Daoyu Yang, Jing Liu, Qun Liu
Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica.2013; 45(7): 607.     CrossRef
Transcriptomic Analysis of Toxoplasma Development Reveals Many Novel Functions and Structures Specific to Sporozoites and Oocysts
Heather M. Fritz, Kerry R. Buchholz, Xiucui Chen, Blythe Durbin-Johnson, David M. Rocke, Patricia A. Conrad, John C. Boothroyd, Silvia N. Moreno
PLoS ONE.2012; 7(2): e29998.     CrossRef
Toxoplasma gondii: Expression of GRA1 gene in endoplasmic reticulum promotes both growth and adherence and modulates intracellular calcium release in macrophages
Jie Lin, Xu Lin, Guo-hua Yang, Yong Wang, Bi-wen Peng, Jian-yin Lin
Experimental Parasitology.2010; 125(2): 165.     CrossRef
Schizophrenia Susceptibility Genes Directly Implicated in the Life Cycles of Pathogens: Cytomegalovirus, Influenza, Herpes simplex, Rubella, and Toxoplasma gondii
C.J. Carter
Schizophrenia Bulletin.2009; 35(6): 1163.     CrossRef
GRA Proteins of Toxoplasma gondii: Maintenance of Host-Parasite Interactions across the Parasitophorous Vacuolar Membrane
Ho-Woo Nam
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2009; 47(Suppl): S29.     CrossRef
Interaction between Parasitophorous Vacuolar Membrane-associated GRA3 and Calcium Modulating Ligand of Host Cell Endoplasmic Reticulum in the Parasitism of Toxoplasma gondii
Ji Yeon Kim, Hye-Jin Ahn, Kyung Ju Ryu, Ho-Woo Nam
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2008; 46(4): 209.     CrossRef
Nucleolar translocalization of GRA10 of Toxoplasma gondii transfectionally expressed in HeLa cells
Hye-Jin Ahn, Sehra Kim, Ho-Woo Nam
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2007; 45(3): 165.     CrossRef

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Upregulated expression of the cDNA fragment possibly related to the virulence of Acanthamoeba culbertsoni

Kyung-Il Im, Kwang-Min Park, Tai-Soon Yong, Yong-Pyo Hong, Tae-Eun Kim

Korean J Parasitol 1999;37(4):257-263.
Published online December 31, 1999

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.1999.37.4.257

Abstract

PDF

Identification of the genes responsible for the recovery of virulence in brain-passaged Acanthamoeba culbertsoni was attempted via mRNA differential display-polymerase chain reaction (mRNA DD-PCR) analysis. In order to identify the regulatory changes in transcription of the virulence related genes by the brain passages, mRNA DD-PCR was performed which enabled the display of differentially transcribed mRNAs after the brain passages. Through mRNA DD-PCR analysis, 96 brain-passaged amoeba specific amplicons were observed and were screened to identify the amplicons that failed to amplify in the non-brain-passaged amoeba mRNAs. Out of the 96 brain-passaged amoeba specific amplicons, 12 turned out to be amplified only from the brain-passaged amoeba mRNAs by DNA slot blot hybridization. The clone, A289C, amplified with an arbitrary primer of UBC #289 and the oligo dT₁₁-C primer, revealed the highest homology (49.8%) to the amino acid sequences of UPD-galactose lipid transferase of Erwinia amylovora, which is known to act as an important virulence factor. The deduced amino acid sequences of an insert DNA in clone A289C were also revealed to be similar to cpsD, which is the essential gene for the expression of type III capsule in group B streptococcus. Upregulated expression of clone A289C was verified by RNA slot blot hybridization. Similar hydrophobicity values were also observed between A289C (at residues 47-66) and the AmsG gene of E. amylovora (at residues 286-305: transmembrane domains). This result suggested that the insert of clone A289C might play the same function as galactosyl transferase controlled by the AmsG gene in E. amylovora.

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Taurine, a Component of the Tear Film, Exacerbates the Pathogenic Mechanisms of Acanthamoeba castellanii in the Ex Vivo Amoebic Keratitis Model
Lizbeth Salazar-Villatoro, Bibiana Chávez-Munguía, Celia Esther Guevara-Estrada, Anel Lagunes-Guillén, Dolores Hernández-Martínez, Ismael Castelan-Ramírez, Maritza Omaña-Molina
Pathogens.2023; 12(8): 1049.     CrossRef
Acanthamoebaspp. as Agents of Disease in Humans
Francine Marciano-Cabral, Guy Cabral
Clinical Microbiology Reviews.2003; 16(2): 273.     CrossRef

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Brief Communication

Genetic variance of Trichomonas vaginalis isolates by Southern hybridization

Jae-Sook Ryu, Duk-Young Min, Myeong-Heon Shin, Youl-Hee Cho

Korean J Parasitol 1998;36(3):207-211.
Published online September 20, 1998

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.1998.36.3.207

Abstract

PDF

In the present study, genomic DNAs were purified from Korean isolates (KT8, KT6, KT-Kim and KT-Lee) and foreign strains (CDC85, IR78 and NYH 286) of Trichomonas vaginalis, and hybridized with a probe based on the repetitive sequence cloned from T. vaginalis to observe the genetic differences. By Southern hybridization, all isolates of T. vaginalis except the NYH286 strain had 11 bands. Therefore all isolates examined were distinguishable into 3 groups according to their banding patterns; i) KT8, KT6 and KT-Kim isolates had 11 identical bands such as 1 kb, 1.2 kb, 1.6 kb, 1.9 kb, 2.3 kb, 2.7 kb, 3.2 kb, 3.4 kb, 3.8 kb, 4.9 kb and 6.0 kb. ii) The metronidazole-resistant IR78 strain had the same bands as KT-Lee isolate at bands of 1 kb, 1.2 kb, 1.6 kb, 1.8 kb, 2.1 kb, 2.5 kb, 2.7 kb, 2.9 kb, 3.4 kb, 5.0 kb and 6.0 kb. Bands of CDC85, metronidazole-resistant strain, were similar to those of IR78 and KT-Lee, except that 3.2 kb replaced 2.9 kb. iii) NYH286 particularly had 12 bands and band patterns were similar to IR78 with a few exceptions as follows: i) 6.2 kb in place of 6.0 kb, ii) 2.0 kb and 2.2 kb instead of 2.1 kb. Through the results obtained, genetic variance of T. vaginalis isolates was demonstrated by Southern hybridization.

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Population structure and genetic diversity of Trichomonas vaginalis clinical isolates in Australia and Ghana
Daniel S. Squire, Alan J. Lymbery, Jennifer Walters, Frances Brigg, Andrea Paparini, R.C. Andrew Thompson
Infection, Genetics and Evolution.2020; 82: 104318.     CrossRef
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Rennisha Chetty, Nonkululeko Mabaso, Nathlee Abbai
Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology.2020; 2020: 1.     CrossRef
Genetic Diversity of Trichomonas Vaginalis Clinical Isolates According to Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism Analysis of the 60-kDa Proteinase Gene
Hilda Hernández, Jorge Fraga, Ricardo Marcet, Annia Alba, Mabel Figueredo, Yenisey Alfonso, Lázara Rojas, Jorge Sarracent
Acta Parasitologica.2019; 64(2): 300.     CrossRef
Genetic diversity inTrichomonas vaginalis
John C Meade, Jane M Carlton
Sexually Transmitted Infections.2013; 89(6): 444.     CrossRef
Genetic Characterization of Trichomonas vaginalis Isolates by Use of Multilocus Sequence Typing
Denise C. Cornelius, D. Ashley Robinson, Christina A. Muzny, Leandro A. Mena, David M. Aanensen, William B. Lushbaugh, John C. Meade
Journal of Clinical Microbiology.2012; 50(10): 3293.     CrossRef
Double-stranded RNA viral infection of Trichomonas vaginalis and correlation with genetic polymorphism of isolates
Jorge Fraga, Lazara Rojas, Idalia Sariego, Ayme Fernández-Calienes
Experimental Parasitology.2011; 127(2): 593.     CrossRef
Genetic variability between Trichomonas vaginalis isolates and correlation with clinical presentation
Lazara Rojas, Jorge Fraga, Idalia Sariego
Infection, Genetics and Evolution.2004; 4(1): 53.     CrossRef

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