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Case Reports

Myiasis in Ulcerated Breast Carcinoma: First Case Record in Myanmar
Aung Phyo Wai, Win Win Maw, Thidarut Boonmars
Korean J Parasitol 2022;60(2):139-141.
Published online April 20, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2022.60.2.139
Myiasis is an infestation of maggot, which is frequently associated with poor personal hygiene and environmental sanitation. A 78-year-old female breast cancer patient visited clinic complaining of irritation, itching, and pain within the ulcerous cancer lesion for 3 weeks. Many maggots were found in the lesion. A total of 30 maggots were removed and identified to be 3rd stage of larvae of metallic fly. This is the first case of wound myiasis in advanced breast carcinoma as a complication of untreated or drug-induced ulcer.

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  • Polymicrobial bacteremia including Ignatzschineria indica caused by myiasis in a female patient with carcinoma of unknown primary
    Tatsuki Mura, Yutaka Takahara, Masaharu Iguchi, Nobuhiko Ueda, Yoshitsugu Iinuma
    Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy.2025; 31(4): 102607.     CrossRef
  • 4,760 View
  • 181 Download
  • 1 Web of Science
  • Crossref
Ignatzschineria larvae Bacteremia Following Lucilia sp. Myiasis in an Irregular Migrant: A Case Report
Kristina Nadrah, Urška Glinšek Biškup, Vesna Cvitković Špik, Manica Müller Premru, Barbara Šoba
Korean J Parasitol 2021;59(2):159-165.
Published online April 22, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2021.59.2.159
Bacteremia induced by wound myiasis is uncommon and therefore rarely suspected by clinicians when treating patients with neglected wounds. We present a case of Ignatzschineria larvae bacteremia as a complication of Lucilia sp. maggot wound myiasis in a young male migrant. This is the first reported human case of Ignatzschineria bacteremia in Slovenia and one of the 2 described in the literature where the fly larvae infesting the wounds of the patient with Ignatzschineria bacteremia were not only suspected to be Lucilia sp. but also entomologically identified.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  Crossref logo
  • Ignatzschineria larvae Bacteremia in a Myiatic Wound Infection: A Case Report
    Nicholas Mielke, FNU Monika, Stephen J. Cavalieri, Manasa Velagapudi
    Annals of Internal Medicine: Clinical Cases.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Myiasis as a Vector for Bacteremia: A Unique Case of Helcococcus kunzii and Ignatzschineria ureiclastica/larvae Polymicrobial Bacteremia from Myiasis
    Alex Belote, Dana Hawkinson, D. Matthew Shoemaker
    Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases.2024; 24(11): 788.     CrossRef
  • Two Cases of Maggot‐Associated Ignatzschineria Bacteremia in Xylazine‐Induced Injection Wounds: An Emerging Threat
    Erin Pomerantz, Olivia Pericak, Carly Sokach, Jocelyn Edathil, Ho-Man Yeung, Dawei Cui
    Case Reports in Infectious Diseases.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Maggot Infestation of Chronic Right Leg Wound Leading to Asymptomatic Bacteremia With Ignatzschineria larvae—A Case Report and Review
    Kendall Kling, Teresa Zembower, Xiaotian Zheng, Chao Qi
    Infectious Diseases in Clinical Practice.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Ignatzschineria larvae Bacteremia in a Patient With Chronic Leg Ulcer: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
    Saudina Demurtas, Emmanuela Pareti, Matiar Madanchi
    Cureus.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • 6,764 View
  • 105 Download
  • 4 Web of Science
  • Crossref
A Case of Cutaneous Myiasis Caused by Cordylobia anthropophaga Larvae in a Korean Traveler Returning from Central Africa
Joo Yeon Ko, In-Yong Lee, Byeong Jin Park, Jae Min Shin, Jae-Sook Ryu
Korean J Parasitol 2018;56(2):199-203.
Published online April 30, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2018.56.2.199
The cutaneous myiasis has been rarely reported in the Republic of Korea. We intended to describe here a case of furuncular cutaneous myiasis caused by Cordylobia anthropophaga larvae in a Korean traveler returned from Central Africa. A patient, 55-year-old man, had traveled to Equatorial Guinea, in Central Africa for a month and just returned to Korea. Physical examinations showed 2 tender erythematous nodules with small central ulceration on the left buttock and thigh. During skin biopsy, 2 larvae came out from the lesion. C. anthropophaga was identified by paired mouth hooks (toothed, spade-like, oral hooklets) and 2 posterior spiracles, which lack a distinct chitinous rim. Although rarely described in Korea until now, cutaneous myiasis may be encountered more frequently with increasing international travel and exchange workers to tropical areas.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  Crossref logo
  • Imported parasitic diseases in the Republic of Korea: status and issues
    Jong-Yil Chai
    Journal of the Korean Medical Association.2025; 68(1): 52.     CrossRef
  • Human myiasis in Sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review
    Binta J. J. Jallow, Goudja Gassara, Ousman Bajinka, Yifei Luo, Mandie Liu, Jifeng Cai, Jingjing Huang, Fanming Meng, Nigel Beebe
    PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases.2024; 18(3): e0012027.     CrossRef
  • Cutaneous Myiasis (Cordylobia Anthropophaga)
    Ravishekar N. Hiremath, Anuj Bhatnagar, Chetan C Patil, Renu Kandpal, Sunmeet Sandhu, Audukoori Sreenivas
    Medical Journal of Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth.2023; 16(1): 129.     CrossRef
  • Case of multiple furuncular myiasis in Northeast Ethiopia
    Abebe Dires, Assen Kebede, Sisay Gedamu, Tadila Dires
    Clinical Case Reports.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Case Report: Furuncular Myiasis in Malawi
    Janelisa Musaya, Kelvin Mponda
    Wellcome Open Research.2020; 5: 41.     CrossRef
  • Human myiasis cases originating and reported in africa for the last two decades (1998–2018): A review
    Simon K. Kuria, Adebola O. Oyedeji
    Acta Tropica.2020; 210: 105590.     CrossRef
  • 11,523 View
  • 174 Download
  • 5 Web of Science
  • Crossref
A Case of Furuncular Myiasis Due to Cordylobia anthropophaga in a Korean Traveler Returning from Uganda
Su-Min Song, Shin-Woo Kim, Youn-Kyoung Goo, Yeonchul Hong, Meesun Ock, Hee-Jae Cha, Dong-Il Chung
Korean J Parasitol 2017;55(3):327-331.
Published online June 30, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2017.55.3.327
A fly larva was recovered from a boil-like lesion on the left leg of a 33-year-old male on 21 November 2016. He has worked in an endemic area of myiasis, Uganda, for 8 months and returned to Korea on 11 November 2016. The larva was identified as Cordylobia anthropophaga by morphological features, including the body shape, size, anterior end, posterior spiracles, and pattern of spines on the body. Subsequent 28S rRNA gene sequencing showed 99.9% similarity (916/917 bp) with the partial 28S rRNA gene of C. anthropophaga. This is the first imported case of furuncular myiasis caused by C. anthropophaga in a Korean overseas traveler.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  Crossref logo
  • Imported parasitic diseases in the Republic of Korea: status and issues
    Jong-Yil Chai
    Journal of the Korean Medical Association.2025; 68(1): 52.     CrossRef
  • Origins and Diversification of Myiasis Across Blowflies
    Gisele Antoniazzi Cardoso, Vanessa A. S. Cunha, Bruno C. Genevcius, Tais Madeira‐Ott, Bárbara Maria de Andrade Costa, Daniela Munhoz Rossoni, Patricia Jacqueline Thyssen, Tatiana Teixeira Torres
    Ecology and Evolution.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Incidence of Furuncular Myiasis due to Cordylobia anthropophaga (Blanchard, 1872) Larvae Infestation and Associated Risk Factors on Dogs in Ilorin Metropolis, North Central, Nigeria
    Musa Rabiu, Ridwan Usman Adekola, Shola David Ola-Fadunsin, Isau Aremu Ganiyu, Miftah Olalekan Adeleke, Idiat Modupe Sanda, Ghali-Mohammed Ibraheem, Isyaku Abdulmajeed
    UMYU Scientifica.2025; 4(1): 408.     CrossRef
  • Human myiasis in Sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review
    Binta J. J. Jallow, Goudja Gassara, Ousman Bajinka, Yifei Luo, Mandie Liu, Jifeng Cai, Jingjing Huang, Fanming Meng, Nigel Beebe
    PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases.2024; 18(3): e0012027.     CrossRef
  • Scrotal Myiasis in a Child Due to Cordylobia anthropophaga
    Majed H Wakid, Yasser S Sharafeldein, Angham A Almakki, Dhuha A Alidrisi, Abeer A Bashinim
    Cureus.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Use of Commercial Bacon to Extract Maggots from an Infested Chronic Wound
    Gregory Fenati, Santana Youssoffi, Shriya Vejendla, Cameron C. Neeki, Vinh T. Nguyen, Fanglong Dong, Michael M. Neeki
    Advances in Skin & Wound Care.2024; 37(10): 555.     CrossRef
  • Cutaneous myiasis by Calliphoridae dipterans in dogs from Chad
    Rafael A.N. Ramos, Hassan Hakimi, Sidouin K. Metinou, Wachellet Danzabe, Macon Overcast, Jeremiah Cox, Rebecca Garabed, Philip Tchindebet Ouakou, Richard Ngandolo Bongo Nare, Fernando Torres-Velez, Lucienne Tritten, Meriam N. Saleh, Guilherme G. Verocai
    Acta Tropica.2024; 260: 107454.     CrossRef
  • Cordylobia anthropophaga Myiasis Mimicking Hyperproliferative Skin Disorder in Traveler Returning from Sub-Saharan Africa
    Lidija Popović Dragonjić, Andrija Jović, Irena Janković, Jelena Miladinović, Aleksandar Ranković, Maja Cvetanović, Relja Beck, Dinko Novosel, Thomas Pape, Pavle Banović
    Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease.2023; 8(11): 505.     CrossRef
  • Elephantoloemus indicus Austen, 1930 (Diptera: Calliphoridae) as the cause of cutaneous myiasis in captive Indian elephants from Assam, India
    Prabhat Chandra Sarmah, Saidul Islam, Dilip Kumar Deka, Kanta Bhattacharjee, Kuntola Roy
    Veterinary Parasitology: Regional Studies and Reports.2022; 32: 100734.     CrossRef
  • Clogmia albipunctata (Nematocera; Psychodidae) as the Etiologic Agent of Myiasis: True or False?
    Mohammad Akhoundi, Nambininiavo Marianne Ranorohasimanana, Sophie Brun, Catherine Kauffmann-Lacroix, Arezki Izri
    Diagnostics.2022; 12(9): 2129.     CrossRef
  • CRANIAL OSTEOMYELITIS AS A COMPLICATION OF FURUNCULAR MYIASIS
    Nelson Muñoz, Sandra Galvis, Oscar Patiño, Carlos Moneriz
    Revista Paulista de Pediatria.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Human myiasis cases originating and reported in africa for the last two decades (1998–2018): A review
    Simon K. Kuria, Adebola O. Oyedeji
    Acta Tropica.2020; 210: 105590.     CrossRef
  • Furuncular myiasis for the Western dermatologist: treatment in outpatient consultation
    Romain Blaizot, Christophe Vanhecke, Philippe Le Gall, Alexandre Duvignaud, Marie‐Catherine Receveur, Denis Malvy
    International Journal of Dermatology.2018; 57(2): 227.     CrossRef
  • First case of Furuncular Myiasis due to Cordylobia anthropophaga in a Latin American resident returning from Central African Republic
    Jóse A. Suárez, Argentina Ying, Luis A. Orillac, Israel Cedeño, Néstor Sosa
    The Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases.2018; 22(1): 70.     CrossRef
  • A Case of Cutaneous Myiasis Caused by Cordylobia anthropophaga Larvae in a Korean Traveler Returning from Central Africa
    Joo Yeon Ko, In-Yong Lee, Byeong Jin Park, Jae Min Shin, Jae-Sook Ryu
    The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2018; 56(2): 199.     CrossRef
  • 13,966 View
  • 161 Download
  • 17 Web of Science
  • Crossref
Canine Wound Myiasis Caused by Lucilia sericata (Diptera: Calliphoridae) in Korea
Seongjun Choe, Dongmin Lee, Hansol Park, Hyeong-Kyu Jeon, Hakhyun Kim, Ji-Houn Kang, Cha-Ho Jee, Keeseon S. Eom
Korean J Parasitol 2016;54(5):667-671.
Published online October 31, 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2016.54.5.667
Myiasis is a relatively common infection of animals kept as pets, although only 1 case of canine myiasis has been described so far in the Republic of Korea. In the present study, we report an additional case of canine wound myiasis with identification of its causative agent, Lucilia sericata. An 8-year-old male Siberian husky dog was referred with anorexia, vomiting, and diarrhea to the Chungbuk National University Veterinary Medical Center, Cheongju-si (city), Chungcheongbuk-do (province), Korea in July 2013. Physical examination indicated the patient had a deep wound filled with a maggot swarm as a left gluteal lesion. A total of 216 maggots were removed by forceps, and the wounded area was sponged with gauzes and disinfected with 70% alcohol and a povidone-iodine solution. After daily care and suturing the wound, the patient was discharged at day 19 after admission. Recovered worms possessed morphological characteristics similar to those of L. sericata, namely, a sub-cylindrical body with 6-8 lobed anterior spiracles, round shaped with a button surrounded by a peritremal ring with no gaps, and similar distances between dorsal, median, and outer papillae of the 12th segment. Additionally, cox1 partial sequences (528 bp) obtained in the present study showed 100% identity with those of L. sericata (GenBank no. KT272854.1). L. sericata is indicated as a pathogen of myiasis infection not only in humans, but also in animals kept as pets in Korea.

Citations

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  • Traumatic myiasis in animals from Iraq: a five years (2019–2023) survey, and a comprehensive epidemiological overview
    Aws Mohammed, Thamer Alkhafaji, Haydar Al-Rubaye, Moustafa Al-Araby, Salah Abu-Elwafa, Ibrahim Abbas
    Tropical Animal Health and Production.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Deadly Decomposers: Distinguishing Life History Strategies on the Parasitism‐Saprotrophy Spectrum
    Daniel C. G. Metz, Kelly L. Weinersmith, Alexis S. Beagle, Rudra M. Dixit, Christina G. Fragel, Clayton E. Cressler
    Ecology Letters.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Incidence of Furuncular Myiasis due to Cordylobia anthropophaga (Blanchard, 1872) Larvae Infestation and Associated Risk Factors on Dogs in Ilorin Metropolis, North Central, Nigeria
    Musa Rabiu, Ridwan Usman Adekola, Shola David Ola-Fadunsin, Isau Aremu Ganiyu, Miftah Olalekan Adeleke, Idiat Modupe Sanda, Ghali-Mohammed Ibraheem, Isyaku Abdulmajeed
    UMYU Scientifica.2025; 4(1): 408.     CrossRef
  • Gut Microbiome Characterisation of Chrysomya megacephala: Isolation, Identification, Antibiotic Profiling, and Initial Documentation of Leclercia adecarboxylata from the Fly
    Balu M. Nair, Majesh Tomson
    Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology.2024; 18(4): 2446.     CrossRef
  • Entomologia Forense e Medicina Veterinária Legal: o primeiro estudo multidisciplinar de caso de miíase em cão doméstico pela Polícia Científica de Santa Catarina
    Victor Wilson Botteon, Igor Salles Perecin, Anderson Gaedke, Nicole Goumbieski
    Revista Brasileira de Criminalística.2024; 13(5): 74.     CrossRef
  • Eight cases of canine thelaziosis found in two localities in Korea
    Seongjun Choe, Sunmin Kim, Tilak Chandra Nath, Jeong-Ho Kim
    Parasites, Hosts and Diseases.2023; 61(3): 325.     CrossRef
  • Morphological studies of fly puparia (Diptera: Calliphoridae) in the soil from a Joseon Dynasty grave in Korea
    In-Yong Lee, Ju Yeong Kim, Jung-Min Park, Ji Ho Seo, Bo-Young Jeon, Tai-Soon Yong, Min Seo
    Parasites, Hosts and Diseases.2023; 61(4): 471.     CrossRef
  • Cutaneous myiasis in cats and dogs: Cases, predisposing conditions and risk factors
    Marco Pezzi, Chiara Scapoli, Milvia Chicca, Marilena Leis, Maria Gabriella Marchetti, Carlo Nicola Francesco Del Zingaro, Chiara Beatrice Vicentini, Elisabetta Mamolini, Annunziata Giangaspero, Teresa Bonacci
    Veterinary Medicine and Science.2021; 7(2): 378.     CrossRef
  • The Growth Model of Forensically Important Lucilia sericata (Meigen) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) in South Korea
    Sang Eon Shin, Ji Hye Park, Su Jin Jeong, Seong Hwan Park
    Insects.2021; 12(4): 323.     CrossRef
  • 11,758 View
  • 226 Download
  • 11 Web of Science
  • Crossref
Traumatic Myiasis Caused by an Association of Sarcophaga tibialis (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) and Lucilia sericata (Diptera: Calliphoridae) in a Domestic Cat in Italy
Marco Pezzi, Daniel Whitmore, Milvia Chicca, Margherita Lanfredi, Marilena Leis
Korean J Parasitol 2015;53(4):471-475.
Published online August 25, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2015.53.4.471
We describe here a rare case of traumatic myiasis occurred in August 2014, caused by an association of 2 Diptera species, Sarcophaga tibialis Macquart (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) and Lucilia sericata (Meigen) (Diptera: Calliphoridae), in a domestic cat in northern Italy. Species identification was based on adult male morphology. The present case is the first report of S. tibialis as an agent of myiasis in Italy, and also the first ever report of myiasis caused by an association of S. tibialis and L. sericata. The cat developed an extensive traumatic myiasis in a large wound on the rump, which was treated pharmacologically and surgically. The biology, ecology, and distribution of S. tibialis and L. sericata are also discussed. A literature review is provided on cases of myiasis caused by S. tibialis, and cases of myiasis by L. sericata involving cats worldwide and humans and animals in Italy.

Citations

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  • Ecological Preferences of Calliphoridae and Sarcophagidae (Diptera) in the Region Calabria (Southern Italy)
    Domenico Bonelli, Federica Mendicino, Francesco Carlomagno, Giuseppe Luzzi, Antonino Siclari, Federica Fumo, Erica Di Biase, Michele Mistri, Daniel Whitmore, Cristina Munari, Marco Pezzi, Teresa Bonacci
    Insects.2025; 16(9): 886.     CrossRef
  • Phylogenetic and morphological determination of Wohlfahrtia magnifica (Schiner) (Diptera: Sarcophagidae), the myiasis flesh fly, in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
    Mohammed A. Alkuriji, Hala K. Kassar, Reem A. Alajmi, Isra M. Al-Turaiki, Majed S. Alorf, Nawal M. AL Malahi, Guillermo T. Isaias, Saeed El-Ashram, Noura J. Alotaibi, Dina M. Metwally
    International Journal of Tropical Insect Science.2023; 43(5): 1821.     CrossRef
  • Lucilia sericata (Diptera: Calliphoridae) as Agent of Myiasis in a Goose in Italy and a Review of Myiasis by This Species in Birds
    Marco Pezzi, Stjepan Krčmar, Federica Mendicino, Francesco Carlomagno, Domenico Bonelli, Chiara Scapoli, Milvia Chicca, Marilena Leis, Teresa Bonacci
    Insects.2022; 13(6): 542.     CrossRef
  • Cutaneous myiasis in cats and dogs: Cases, predisposing conditions and risk factors
    Marco Pezzi, Chiara Scapoli, Milvia Chicca, Marilena Leis, Maria Gabriella Marchetti, Carlo Nicola Francesco Del Zingaro, Chiara Beatrice Vicentini, Elisabetta Mamolini, Annunziata Giangaspero, Teresa Bonacci
    Veterinary Medicine and Science.2021; 7(2): 378.     CrossRef
  • First record of traumatic myiasis obtained from forest musk deer (Moschus berezovskii)
    Yunyun Gao, Yajun Fu, Liping Yan, Defu Hu, Benmo Jiang, Dong Zhang
    International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife.2021; 16: 70.     CrossRef
  • New Insights Into Culturable and Unculturable Bacteria Across the Life History of Medicinal Maggots Lucilia sericata (Meigen) (Diptera: Calliphoridae)
    Naseh Maleki-Ravasan, Nahid Ahmadi, Zahra Soroushzadeh, Abbas Ali Raz, Sedigheh Zakeri, Navid Dinparast Djadid
    Frontiers in Microbiology.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Myiasis in domestic cats: a global review
    Marco Pezzi, Teresa Bonacci, Marilena Leis, Elisabetta Mamolini, Maria Gabriella Marchetti, Stjepan Krčmar, Milvia Chicca, Carlo Nicola Francesco Del Zingaro, Michel J. Faucheux, Chiara Scapoli
    Parasites & Vectors.2019;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • A brief review of forensically important flesh flies (Diptera: Sarcophagidae)
    Lipin Ren, Yanjie Shang, Wei Chen, Fanming Meng, Jifeng Cai, Guanghui Zhu, Lushi Chen, Yong Wang, Jianqiang Deng, Yadong Guo
    Forensic Sciences Research.2018; 3(1): 16.     CrossRef
  • A Case of Insect Colonization Before the Death
    Stefano Vanin, Manuela Bonizzoli, Maria Luisa Migliaccio, Laura Tadini Buoninsegni, Valentina Bugelli, Vilma Pinchi, Martina Focardi
    Journal of Forensic Sciences.2017; 62(6): 1665.     CrossRef
  • Facultative myiasis of domestic cats by Sarcophaga argyrostoma (Diptera: Sarcophagidae), Calliphora vicina and Lucilia sericata (Diptera: Calliphoridae) in northern Italy
    Marco Pezzi, Daniel Whitmore, Teresa Bonacci, Carlo Nicola Francesco Del Zingaro, Milvia Chicca, Massimo Lanfredi, Marilena Leis
    Parasitology Research.2017; 116(10): 2869.     CrossRef
  • Ultrastructural Morphology of the Antenna and Maxillary Palp ofSarcophaga tibialis(Diptera: Sarcophagidae)
    M. Pezzi, D. Whitmore, M. Chicca, B. Semeraro, F. Brighi, M. Leis
    Journal of Medical Entomology.2016; 53(4): 807.     CrossRef
  • Canine Wound Myiasis Caused by Lucilia sericata (Diptera: Calliphoridae) in Korea
    Seongjun Choe, Dongmin Lee, Hansol Park, Hyeong-Kyu Jeon, Hakhyun Kim, Ji-Houn Kang, Cha-Ho Jee, Keeseon S. Eom
    The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2016; 54(5): 667.     CrossRef
  • 26,770 View
  • 149 Download
  • 13 Web of Science
  • Crossref
First Report of Myiasis Caused by Cochliomyia hominivorax (Diptera: Calliphoridae) in a Diabetic Foot Ulcer Patient in Argentina
Mar?a Sof?a Olea, N?stor Centeno, Cecilia Adriana Veggiani Aybar, Eugenia Silvana Ortega, Guillermina Bego?a Galante, Luis Olea, Mar?a Julia Dantur Juri
Korean J Parasitol 2014;52(1):89-92.
Published online February 19, 2014
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2014.52.1.89

Myiasis is usually caused by flies of the Calliphoridae family, and Cochliomyia hominivorax is the etiological agent most frequently found in myiasis. The first case of myiasis in a diabetic foot of a 54-year-old male patient in Argentina is reported. The patient attended the hospital of the capital city of Tucum?n Province for a consultation concerning an ulcer in his right foot, where the larval specimens were found. The identification of the immature larvae was based on their morphological characters, such as the cylindrical, segmented, white yellow-coloured body and tracheas with strong pigmentation. The larvae were removed, and the patient was treated with antibiotics. The larvae were reared until the adults were obtained. The adults were identified by the setose basal vein in the upper surface of the wing, denuded lower surface of the wing, short and reduced palps, and parafrontalia with black hairs outside the front row of setae. The main factor that favoured the development of myiasis is due to diabetes, which caused a loss of sensibility in the limb that resulted in late consultation. Moreover, the poor personal hygiene attracted the flies, and the foul-smelling discharge from the wound favoured the female's oviposition. There is a need to implement a program for prevention of myiasis, in which the population is made aware not only of the importance of good personal hygiene and home sanitation but also of the degree of implication of flies in the occurrence and development of this disease.

Citations

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  • Forensic and ecological significance of necrophagous insects: Insights from animal carcasses, human cadavers, and myiasis patients
    Swaima Sharif, Chetan Pratap Singh, Bushra Athar, Mohd Kaleem Khan, Ayesha Qamar
    Legal Medicine.2024; 71: 102544.     CrossRef
  • Myiasis and Extremity Involvement
    Tariq Akhtar Ansari, Ganesh Singh Dharmshaktu
    Journal of Surgical Specialties and Rural Practice.2022; 3(1): 9.     CrossRef
  • Umbilical Myiasis by Cochliomyia hominivorax in an Infant in Colombia
    Juan David Ruiz-Zapata, Luis Mauricio Figueroa-Gutiérrez, Jaime Alberto Mesa-Franco, Paula Andrea Moreno-Gutierrez
    Frontiers in Medicine.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Occurrence and anatomical distribution of myiasis caused by Cochliomyia hominivorax (Diptera: Calliphoridae) in swine
    José Alexandre Azevedo Siqueira, Carlos Roberto Cruz Ubirajara Filho, Tatiene Rossana Móta Silva, Thiago Antônio Rodrigues Freire Lima, Lívio Martins Costa-Junior, Leucio Câmara Alves, Gílcia Aparecida de Carvalho, Rafael Antonio Nascimento Ramos
    Veterinary Parasitology: Regional Studies and Reports.2020; 22: 100481.     CrossRef
  • Myiasis in humans—a global case report evaluation and literature analysis
    Victoria Bernhardt, Fabian Finkelmeier, Marcel A. Verhoff, Jens Amendt
    Parasitology Research.2019; 118(2): 389.     CrossRef
  • Myiasis incidences reported in and around central province of Sri Lanka
    Yasas Tharindu B. Bambaradeniya, Warusapperuma Arachchilage Inoka P. Karunaratne, Sakya V. Rakinawasam, Jeffery K. Tomberlin, Induwara Goonerathne, Rasika B. Kotakadeniya
    International Journal of Dermatology.2019; 58(3): 336.     CrossRef
  • Calliphoridae (Diptera) in Human-Transformed and Wild Habitats: Diversity and Seasonal Fluctuations in the Humid Chaco Ecoregion of South America
    Matias I Dufek, Elena B Oscherov, Miryam P Damborsky, Pablo R Mulieri
    Journal of Medical Entomology.2019; 56(3): 725.     CrossRef
  • Using ecological niche models to describe the geographical distribution of the myiasis-causing Cochliomyia hominivorax (Diptera: Calliphoridae) in southern South America
    Pablo Ricardo Mulieri, Luciano Damián Patitucci
    Parasitology Research.2019; 118(4): 1077.     CrossRef
  • Case Report: Myiasis due to Cochliomyia hominivorax and Dermatobia hominis: Clinical and Pathological Differences between Two Species in Northern Peru
    Abel Samamé, Jaime Salazar-Zuloeta, Carolina Molina-Ayasta, Virgilio E. Failoc-Rojas, Heber Silva-Díaz
    The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.2018; 98(1): 150.     CrossRef
  • Human myiasis in patients with diabetic foot: 18 cases
    Serhat Uysal, Anil Murat Ozturk, Meltem Tasbakan, Ilgin Yildirim Simsir, Aysegul Unver, Nevin Turgay, Husnu Pullukcu
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A Case of Oral Myiasis Caused by Lucilia sericata (Diptera: Calliphoridae) in Korea
Mun Jang, Seung-Min Ryu, Sang-Chang Kwon, Jun-Ouk Ha, Young-Hoon Kim, Dong-Hyun Kim, Soon-Myung Jung, Soon-Il Lee, Woon-Mok Sohn, Hee-Jae Cha, Meesun Ock
Korean J Parasitol 2013;51(1):119-123.
Published online February 18, 2013
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2013.51.1.119

We report here a case of oral myiasis in the Republic of Korea. The patient was a 37-year-old man with a 30-year history of Becker's muscular dystrophy. He was intubated due to dyspnea 8 days prior to admission to an intensive care unit (ICU). A few hours after the ICU admission, 43 fly larvae were found during suction of the oral cavity. All maggots were identified as the third instars of Lucilia sericata (Diptera: Calliphoridae) by morphology. We discussed on the characteristics of myiasis acquired in Korea, including the infection risk and predisposing factors.

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Ophthalmomyiasis Caused by a Phormia sp. (Diptera: Calliphoridae) Larva in an Enucleated Patient
Jae-Soo Kim, Jong-Wan Kim, Hye-Jung Lee, In-Yong Lee, Sang-Ah Oh, Min Seo
Korean J Parasitol 2011;49(2):173-175.
Published online June 14, 2011
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2011.49.2.173

Ophthalmomyiasis rarely occurs worldwide, and has not been reported in Korea. We present here a case of ophthalmomyiasis caused by Phormia sp. fly larva in an enucleated eye of a patient. In June 2010, a 50-year-old man was admitted to Dankook University Hospital for surgical excision of a malignant melanoma located in the right auricular area. He had a clinical history of enucleation of his right eye due to squamous cell carcinoma 5 years ago. During hospitalization, foreign body sensation developed in his right eye, and close examination revealed a fly larva inside the eye, which was evacuated. The larva was proved to be Phormia sp. based on the morphology of the posterior spiracle. Subsequently, no larva was found, and the postoperative course was uneventful without any complaints of further myiasis. This is the first case of ophthalmomyiasis among the literature in Korea, and also the first myiasis case caused by Phormia sp. in Korea.

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  • A Case of Recurrent External Ophthalmomyiasis Caused byLucilia sericataMeigen in a Healthy Patient
    Yung Hui Kim, Kyung Chul Yoon, Won Choi
    Journal of the Korean Ophthalmological Society.2016; 57(4): 657.     CrossRef
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    Seongjun Choe, Dongmin Lee, Hansol Park, Hyeong-Kyu Jeon, Hakhyun Kim, Ji-Houn Kang, Cha-Ho Jee, Keeseon S. Eom
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    The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2013; 51(1): 119.     CrossRef
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Original Article

Gastrointestinal Myiasis by Larvae of Sarcophaga sp. and Oestrus sp. in Egypt: Report of Cases, and Endoscopical and Morphological Studies
Azza K. Ahmad, Ekhlas H. Abdel-Hafeez, Madiha Makhloof, Ehab M. Abdel-Raheem
Korean J Parasitol 2011;49(1):51-57.
Published online March 18, 2011
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2011.49.1.51

Four cases of gastric or intestinal myiasis are reported. The cases contain 2 males (1 child 10 years old, and 1 adult 40 years old) and 2 females (1 girl 18 years old, and 1 adult 50 years old) from Minia Governorate, Southern Egypt. Three of them, including cases no. 1, 3, and 4, were gastric myiasis, and complained of offensive hematemesis of bright red blood. Minute moving worms, larvae of the fly, were found in the vomitus. On the other hand, case no. 2 had intestinal myiasis, and complained of abdominal distention, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. The stool of case 2 was mixed with blood, and minute moving worms were observed in the stool. Endoscopy was performed to explore any pathological changes in the stomach of the patients. The larvae were collected and studied macroscopically, microscopically, and us-ing a scanning electron microscope (SEM) to identify their species. Three different types of larvae were identified. The larvae isolated from case 1 were diagnosed as the second stage larvae of Sarcophaga species, and the larvae isolated from case 2 were the third stage larvae of Sarcophaga species. On the other hand, the larvae isolated from cases 3 and 4 were diagnosed as the third stage larvae of Oestrus species.

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Case Reports
A Nasal Myiasis in a 76-Year-Old Female in Korea
Jae-Soo Kim, Pil-Won Seo, Jong-Wan Kim, Jai-Hyang Go, Soon-Cheol Jang, Hye-Jung Lee, Min Seo
Korean J Parasitol 2009;47(4):405-407.
Published online December 2, 2009
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2009.47.4.405

On July 2009, 5 fly larvae were discovered inside the nose of a 76-year-old female. She was living in Cheonan-si, and in a state of coma due to rupture of an aortic aneurysm. Surgery was performed on the day of admission, and the larvae were found 4 days later. By observing their posterior spiracle, the larvae were identified as Lucilia sericata. Considering the rapid development of this species, the infection was likely acquired during hospitalization. Further investigation on the hospital environment should be needed to know the origin of the infection.

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External Ophthalmomyiasis Caused by Oestrus ovis: A Rare Case Report from India
Anita Pandey, Molly Madan, Ashish K. Asthana, Anupam Das, Sandeep Kumar, Kirti Jain
Korean J Parasitol 2009;47(1):57-59.
Published online March 12, 2009
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2009.47.1.57

Myiasis of different organs has been reported off and on from various regions in the world. We report a human case of external ophthalmomyiasis caused by the larvae of a sheep nasal botfly, Oestrus ovis, for the first time from Meerut city in Western Uttar Pradesh, India. A 25-year-old farmer presented with severe symptoms of conjunctivitis. The larvae, 3 in number, were observed in the bulbar conjunctiva, and following removal the symptoms of eye inflammation improved within a few hours.

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Megaselia scalaris (Diptera: Phoridae) is one of the medically important insects. Maggots from a urine sample of a 5-year-old Saudi girl were examined microscopically for identification. These maggots were cultured to become adult flies. Larvae and adults were identified using standard keys. Protozoan flagellates were obtained from the gut of the larvae. This is the first report of M. scalaris as a causative agent of urinary human myiasis in Saudi Arabia.

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Nosocomial submandibular infections with dipterous fly larvae
Chong Yoon Joo, Jong Bae Kim
Korean J Parasitol 2001;39(3):255-260.
Published online September 30, 2001
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2001.39.3.255

In September 1998, a case of nosocomial cutaneous myiasis caused by Lucilia sericata (Meigen, 1826) in a 77-year-old male was found. The patient had been receiving partial maxillectomy due to the presence of malignant tumor on premaxilla. This is the first verified case involving Lucilia sericata in Taegu, Korea. In the present paper, the salient morphological features of the third instar larvae involved have been studied.

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An aural myiasis case in a 54-year-old male farmer in Korea
Jin-Hak Cho, Hyung-Baek Kim, Chin-Saeng Cho, Sun Huh, Han-Il Ree
Korean J Parasitol 1999;37(1):51-53.
Published online March 31, 1999
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.1999.37.1.51

A 54-year-old male farmer residing in Chunchon, Korea, complaining of blood tinged discharge and tinnitus in the left ear for two days, was examined in August 16, 1996. Otoscopic examination revealed live maggots from the ear canal. The patient did not complain of any symptoms after removal of maggots. Five maggots recovered were identified as the third stage larvae of Lucilia sericata (Diptera: Calliphoridae). This is the first record of aural myiasis in Korea.

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