Giardia lamblia, an anaerobic, amitochondriate protozoan parasite causes parasitic infection giardiasis in children and young adults. It produces pyruvate, a major metabolic product for its fermentative metabolism. The current study was undertaken to explore the effects of pyruvate as a physiological antioxidant during oxidative stress in Giardia by cysteine-ascorbate deprivation and further investigation upon the hypothesis that oxidative stress due to metabolism was the reason behind the cytotoxicity. We have estimated intracellular reactive oxygen species generation due to cysteine-ascorbate deprivation in Giardia. In the present study, we have examined the effects of extracellular addition of pyruvate, during oxidative stress generated from cysteine-ascorbate deprivation in culture media on DNA damage in Giardia. The intracellular pyruvate concentrations at several time points were measured in the trophozoites during stress. Trophozoites viability under cysteine-ascorbate deprived (CAD) medium in presence and absence of extracellular pyruvate has also been measured. The exogenous addition of a physiologically relevant concentration of pyruvate to trophozoites suspension was shown to attenuate the rate of ROS generation. We have demonstrated that Giardia protects itself from destructive consequences of ROS by maintaining the intracellular pyruvate concentration. Pyruvate recovers Giardia trophozoites from oxidative stress by decreasing the number of DNA breaks that might favor DNA repair.
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by
A myeloid leukemia factor homolog is involved in tolerance to stresses and stress-induced protein metabolism in Giardia lamblia Jui-Hsuan Wu, Jen-Chi Lee, Chun-Che Ho, Pei-Wei Chiu, Chin-Hung Sun Biology Direct.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Escherichia coli mediated resistance of Entamoeba histolytica to oxidative stress is triggered by oxaloacetate Yana Shaulov, Chikako Shimokawa, Meirav Trebicz-Geffen, Shruti Nagaraja, Karen Methling, Michael Lalk, Lea Weiss-Cerem, Ayelet T. Lamm, Hajime Hisaeda, Serge Ankri, William A. Petri PLOS Pathogens.2018; 14(10): e1007295. CrossRef
Trichomonas vaginalis is a flagellate protozoan parasite and commonly infected the lower genital tract in women and men. Iron is a known nutrient for growth of various pathogens, and also reported to be involved in establishment of trichomoniasis. However, the exact mechanism was not clarified. In this study, the author investigated whether the 120 kDa protein of T. vaginalis may be involved in pathogenicity of trichomonads. Antibodies against 120 kDa protein of T. vaginalis, which was identified as pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase (PFOR) by peptide analysis of MALDI-TOF-MS, were prepared in rabbits. Pretreatment of T. vaginalis with anti-120 kDa Ab decreased the proliferation and adherence to vaginal epithelial cells (MS74) of T. vaginalis. Subcutaneous tissue abscess in anti-120 kDa Ab-treated T. vaginalis-injected mice was smaller in size than that of untreated T. vaginalis-infected mice. Collectively, the 120 kDa protein expressed by iron may be involved in proliferation, adhesion to host cells, and abscess formation, thereby may influence on the pathogenicity of T. vaginalis.
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by
Trichomonas vaginalis acid sphingomyelinases' theoretical structural analysis shows substrate binding diversity related to protein flexibility and mobility Ana Laura Medina-Nieto, Sairy Yarely Andrade-Guillen, Fátima Berenice Ramírez-Montiel, Fátima Tornero-Gutiérrez, José A. Martínez-Álvarez, Ángeles Rangel-Serrano, Itzel Páramo-Pérez, Naurú Idalia Vargas-Maya, Javier de la Mora, Claudia Leticia Mendoza-Mac Computational Biology and Chemistry.2026; 120: 108601. CrossRef
Antiparasitic activity of the iron-containing milk protein lactoferrin and its potential derivatives against human intestinal and blood parasites Namrata Anand Frontiers in Parasitology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Genetic Variability of the Internal Transcribed Spacer and Pyruvate:Ferredoxin Oxidoreductase Partial Gene of Trichomonas vaginalis from Female Patients Fernando Martinez-Hernandez, Fabiola Sanchez-Aguillon, Joel Martinez-Ocaña, Nelly Raquel Gonzalez-Arenas, Mirza Romero-Valdovinos, Eduardo Lopez-Escamilla, Pablo Maravilla, Guiehdani Villalobos Microorganisms.2023; 11(9): 2240. CrossRef
Pyruvate: Ferredoxin oxidoreductase is involved in IgA-related microbiota dysbiosis and intestinal inflammation Kairuo Wang, Yixuan Guo, Yuanyuan Liu, Xiao Cui, Xiang Gu, Lixiang Li, Yanqing Li, Ming Li Frontiers in Immunology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Microbiota in vaginal health and pathogenesis of recurrent vulvovaginal infections: a critical review Namarta Kalia, Jatinder Singh, Manpreet Kaur Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
New light on ancient enzymes – in vitro CO2 Fixation by Pyruvate Synthase of Desulfovibrio africanus and Sulfolobus acidocaldarius Andreas Witt, Roberta Pozzi, Stephan Diesch, Oliver Hädicke, Hartmut Grammel The FEBS Journal.2019; 286(22): 4494. CrossRef
Humoral and T cell–mediated immune response against trichomoniasis M. Nemati, N. Malla, M. Yadav, H. Khorramdelazad, A. Jafarzadeh Parasite Immunology.2018;[Epub] CrossRef
A Cell Surface Aggregation-Promoting Factor from Lactobacillus gasseri Contributes to Inhibition of Trichomonas vaginalis Adhesion to Human Vaginal Ectocervical Cells Niha Phukan, Anna E. S. Brooks, Augusto Simoes-Barbosa, John H. Adams Infection and Immunity.2018;[Epub] CrossRef
Can the pyruvate: ferredoxin oxidoreductase (PFOR) gene be used as an additional marker to discriminate among Blastocystis strains or subtypes? Patricia Alarcon-Valdes, Guiehdani Villalobos, Williams Arony Martinez-Flores, Eduardo Lopez-Escamilla, Nelly Raquel Gonzalez-Arenas, Mirza Romero-Valdovinos, Fernando Martinez-Hernandez, Jonnathan Guadalupe Santillan-Benitez, Pablo Maravilla Parasites & Vectors.2018;[Epub] CrossRef
Clostridium acetobutylicum grows vegetatively in a biofilm rich in heteropolysaccharides and cytoplasmic proteins Dong Liu, Zhengjiao Yang, Yong Chen, Wei Zhuang, Huanqing Niu, Jinglan Wu, Hanjie Ying Biotechnology for Biofuels.2018;[Epub] CrossRef
First
Prev
