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Studies on intestinal trematodes in Korea XVII. Development of egg lying capacity of Echinostoma hortense in albino rats and human experimental infection
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Original Article
Korean J Parasitol. 1985 Jun;23(1):24-32. English.
Published online Mar 20, 1994.  http://dx.doi.org/10.3347/kjp.1985.23.1.24
Copyright © 1985 by The Korean Society for Parasitology
Studies on intestinal trematodes in Korea XVII. Development of egg lying capacity of Echinostoma hortense in albino rats and human experimental infection
Byong Seol Seo,Kwang Seon Chun,Jong Yil Chai,Sung Jong Hong and Soon Hyung Lee
Deparment of Parasitology and Institude of Endemic Diseases, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 110, Korea.
Abstract

The worm development and egg laying pattern of Echinostoma hortense(Trematoda: Echinostomatidae) were studied in albino rats and the brief clinical course was observed in human volunteers. A total of 21 rats were infected with 20-69 metecercariae each and two humans were with 7 and 27 metacercariae, which were collected from loaches. For recovery of worms, the rats were sacrificed at irregular intervals from the 6th to 150th day after infection and the human volunteers were treated with praziquantel and purged with magnesium salt on the 26-27th day. The stools of the rats and humans were examined for the eggs. The results were as follows: The worm recovery rate from the rats was not affected by the increase of infection time but varied individually; 9.1-50.0% (31.1% in average). From humans, 14.3% and 37.0% (32.4% in average) of challenged were recovered. In the rats, it was revealed that the worms rapidly grew for the first 14 days to become 7.59 mm in average length and 1.17 mm in average width but the growth became much slower thereafer until the 150th day; 7.95 mm in length on the 21th day, 9.04 mm on the 28th day, 10.21 mm on the 49th day and 12.62 mm on the 150th day. During the early stage of infection, the growth of genital organs(male or female) was expressed as sigmoid curves whereas non-genital organs(such as suckers) was simply as straight lines. The prepatent period of this fluke was 10-12 days in the rats and 16-17 days in men. After the start of oviposition, the egg production by the worms remarkably increased, reached maximum on the 32-33th day, followed by decrease thereafter. The maximum value of E.P.G./worm was 390. The major subjective symptoms in human volunteers were abdominal pain and diarrhea during the early stage of infection. The results show that human is as susceptible as the rats to E. hortense infection and the amount of egg production in the rats is greatly affected by the age of worms.

Figures


Fig. 1
The growth curve of non-genital organs of E. hortense up to 150 days after infection.


Fig. 2
The growth curve of the genital organs, male or female, of E. hortense up to 150 days after infection.


Figs. 3-8
Figs. 3-8. Developmental stages of E. hortense.

3. A 6-day old worm recovered from albino rat (scale: 250µm). Dorsal view.

4. Ventral view of a 10-day old worm. The genital organs already developed and several eggs are seen in uterus (scale: 400µm).

5. A 14-day old worm. The body is greatly elongated and the genitalia fully matured. Numerous eggs are seen in uterus (scale: 750µm).

6. A 28-day worm. The body is more elongated and the equatorial portion is at the posterior testis level (scale: 750µm).

7. A 42-day worm. This specimen is a little wider than the others and the posterior body elongated more (scale: 750µm).

8. A 150-day worm. The body did not enlarge significantly but the equatorial portion is behind the testes (scale: 750µm).



Figs. 9-10
Figs. 9-10. The eggs of E. hortense in the feces

9. From an albino rat. Operculum (arrows) is seen (scale: 20µm).

10. From a human volunteer. A germ cell and a wrinkling at abopercular end(arrow) are seen (scale: 20µm).



Fig. 11
The fluctuation pattern of EPG in the stool of the rats experimentally infected with E. hortense. The number of the recovered worms was 25 from Rat A & B after 28 days of infection, 7 from Rat C & D after 35 days, 18 from Rat E & F after 42 days, and 30 from Rat G & H after 49 days.

Tables


Table 1
The recovery of E. hortense from the experimental rats


Table 2
The recovery of E. hortense after praziquantel treatment from two human volunteers


Table 3
The measurements of E. hortense recovered from the rats according to the age of worms


Table 4
The egg laying capacity of E. hortense in the experimental rats by post-infection days

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