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Brief Communication

Association between Sociodemographic Factors and Diarrhea in Children Under 5 Years in Rwanda

Umuhoza Claudine1,2, Ju Yeong Kim1, Eun-Min Kim1, Tai-Soon Yong1,2,*orcid
The Korean Journal of Parasitology 2021;59(1):61-65.
Published online: February 19, 2021

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*Corresponding author (tsyong212@yuhs.ac)
• Received: September 10, 2020   • Revised: January 7, 2021   • Accepted: January 18, 2021

Copyright © 2021 by The Korean Society for Parasitology and Tropical Medicine

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Association between Sociodemographic Factors and Diarrhea in Children Under 5 Years in Rwanda
Korean J Parasitol. 2021;59(1):61-65.   Published online February 19, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2021.59.1.61
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Association between Sociodemographic Factors and Diarrhea in Children Under 5 Years in Rwanda
Korean J Parasitol. 2021;59(1):61-65.   Published online February 19, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2021.59.1.61
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Association between Sociodemographic Factors and Diarrhea in Children Under 5 Years in Rwanda
Association between Sociodemographic Factors and Diarrhea in Children Under 5 Years in Rwanda

Association of sociodemographic characteristics of respondents with diarrhea

Variables Diarrhea P*
Total Yes (%)
Mother’s age (yr)
 15–19 142 17 (12) 0.028
 20–24 1,281 187 (14.6)
 25–34 4,192 488 (11.6)
 35–49 1,859 213 (11.5)
Marital status
 Never in union 642 95 (14.8) 0.030
 Married 4,009 439 (11)
 Living with partner 2,160 2,71 (12.5)
 Widowed 145 18 (12.4)
 Divorced 190 34 (17.9)
 Separated 328 48 (14.6)
Province
 Kigali city 875 76 (8.7) <0.001
 South 1,841 228 (12.4)
 West 1,879 274 (14.6)
 North 1,039 113 (10.9)
 East 1,840 214 (11.6)
Residence
 Urban 1,635 168 (10.3) 0.010
 Rural 5,839 737 (12.6)
Mother’s education level
 Uneducated 1,067 145 (13.6) <0.001
 Primary 5,355 669 (12.5)
 Secondary 853 86 (10.1)
 Higher 199 5 (2.5)
Wealth index
 Poorest 1,780 271 (15.2) <0.001
 Poorer 1,565 226 (14.4)
 Middle 1,421 162 (11.4)
 Richer 1,277 130 (10.2)
 Richest 1,431 116 (8.1)
Occupation
 Not working 498 46 (9.2) 0.028
 Professional 381 28 (7.3)
 Sales 712 90 (12.6)
 Agricultural 5,499 703 (12.8)
 Domestic 93 9 (9.7)
 Manual job 289 29 (12.1)
Literacy
 Cannot read at all 1,653 231 (14) 0.098
 Able to read only parts of a sentence 651 73 (11.2)
 Able to read whole sentences 5,155 601 (11.7)
 Visually impaired 6 0
Religion
 Catholic 2,683 325 (12.1) 0.0698
 Protestant 3,636 446 (36.3)
 Adventist 898 98 (10.9)
 Muslim 163 21 (12.9)
 Jehovah’s Witness 48 8 (16.7)
 No religion 39 7 (17.9)
 Other 2 0
Number of living children
 0 105 12 (11.4) 0.840
 1 3,358 399 (11.9)
 2 3,146 391 (12.4)
 3 796 97 (12.2)
 4 53 6 (11.3)
 5 9 0
 7 7 0
Child’s age (month)
 <6 423 33 (7.8) <0.001
 6–11 354 60 (16.9)
 12–23 747 181 (24.2)
 24–34 757 109 (14.4)
 35–59 1,334 76 (5.7)
Child’s sex
 Male 3,766 476 (12.6) 0.156
 Female 3,708 429 (11.6)
Husband/partner’s education level
 Uneducated 1,134 154 (13.6) <0.001
 Primary 4,778 587 (12.3)
 Secondary 619 49 (7.9)
 Higher 270 13 (4.8)

*, Chi-square test applied.

Multivariate logistic regression analysis of diarrhea with sociodemographic factors

Variables Odds ratio 95% CI P*
Child’s age
 <6 ma 1
 6–11 1.404 0.85–2.30 0.180
 12–23 4.514 3.04–6.68 <0.001*
 24–34 2.652 2.65–4.23 <0.001*
 35–59 2.340 1.58–3.45 <0.001*
Marital status
 No longer living togethera 1
 Married 0.837 0.59–1.17 0.306
 Living with partner 0.869 0.61–1.22 0.421
 Widowed 0.895 0.49–1.62 0.715
 Divorced 1.352 0.82–2.22 0.237
Wealth index
 Poorest 1.592 1.15–2.19 0.005*
 Poorer 1.640 1.19–2.24 0.002*
 Middle 1.274 0.92–1.76 0.143
 Richer 1.109 0.80–1.53 0.528
 Richesta 1
Mothers’ education level
 Uneducated 5.163 1.16–22.92 0.031*
 Primary 4.736 1.09–20.54 0.038*
 Secondary 4.098 0.94–17.75 0.059
 Highera 1
Type of residence
 Urbana 1
 Rural 0.760 0.52–1.09 0.139
Province
 Kigali citya 1
 South 1.232 0.87–1.72 0.226
 West 1.439 1.03–2.00 0.032*
 North 1.144 0.79–1.64 0.467
 East 1.193 0.85–1.67 0.305
Occupation
 Not workinga 1
 Professional 1.007 0.58–1.73 0.979
 Sales 1.316 0.69–2.49 0.401
 Agricultural 1.624 1.00–2.62 0.048*
 Domestic 1.160 0.74–1.80 0.511
 Manual job 1.317 0.53–3.23 0.548
Husband’s education level
 Uneducated 1.517 0.75–3.03 0.238
 Primary 1.483 0.76–2.89 0.248
 Secondary 1.059 0.53–2.10 0.870
 Highera 1

a, reference;

*, P-value <0.05.

Table 1 Association of sociodemographic characteristics of respondents with diarrhea

, Chi-square test applied.

Table 2 Multivariate logistic regression analysis of diarrhea with sociodemographic factors

, reference;

, P-value <0.05.

Table 1

Table 2

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