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Case Report

A human case of house dust mite Tarsonemus floricolus collected from sputum

Jae-Sook Ryu1, Han-Il Ree2, Duk-Young Min1, Myoung-Hee Ahn1
The Korean Journal of Parasitology 2003;41(3):171-173.
Published online: September 20, 2003

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Corresponding author (jsryu@hanyang.ac.kr)
• Received: July 31, 2003   • Accepted: August 18, 2003

Copyright © 2003 by The Korean Society for Parasitology

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  • A 23-year-old medical student showed a positive reaction on a skin test for Paragonimus westermani, and two Tarsonemus floricolus mites were subsequently found by sputum examination and identified morphologically. Our report is the first human case of Tarsonemus floricolus in Korea.
  • Key words: Tarsonemus floricolus, human, sputum
Tarsonemid mites have not been well studied in Korea. In Seoul and Jeonju city, 12,019 mites were collected from house dust, among these only 5 specimens of Tarsonemus floricolus were found (Cho, 1980). More recently, dust collected in 50 hospital/clinics in Gyeonggi-do, were found to contain 48 Tarsonemus fusarii mites (Goo and Cho, 1989), and Paik et al. (1992) reported 306 tarsonemid mites from house dust in Seoul, which were not identified at the species level. In 1997 Ree et al., in their study on house dust mites in 10 different localities, reported that Dermato-phagoides farinae predominated (65.3% of the total), followed by D. pteronyssinus (20.6%), but only one specimen of Tarsonemus fusarii was collected.
Little is known about the medical significance of tarsonemid mites. Tarsonemid mites have been found in human sputum (Carter et al., 1944; Li and Li, 1990). Here, we report the first human case of T. floricolus in Korea.
In April 1997, a 23-year-old medical student showed a positive reaction on skin test reaction for Paragonimus westermani during a laboratory parasitology practice. Two subsequent sputum examinations tested at an interval of 3 days revealed the presence of two mites. Each of the mites was mounted with Hoyer`s solution on a slide, and identified morphologically, as a male and female Tarsonemus floricolus, although the female specimen was incomplete. The subject had a normal eosinophil count (150/mm3) and eosinophil ratio (3%) by peripheral blood smear, and his serum IgE level (13.0 IU/ml) was also within normal levels. He was healthy without a previous disease history, and was asymptomatic except for a mild cough.
In the male (Fig. 1A) the length of the idiosoma was 0.14 mm, and the gnathosoma was longer than wide. The palps were cylindrical and nearly parallel, and the sensilla were balloon-shaped and placed near the anterior end of apodeme II. The legs IV possessed a single strong claw and two terminal whiplike setae. In the female (Fig. 1B), the dorsal propodosomal shield was weakly sclerotized. The ventral surface was almost wholly covered by four coxal shields, and apodemes III and IV were elongated. Identification was made by referring to Hughes (1976), Ehara (1980), and Sasa and Aoki (1981).
Tarsonemid mites have been found by human skin biopsy, and in urine as well as in sputum (Hewitt et al., 1973; Oehlschlaegel et al., 1983; Bernhard et al., 1986). Moreover, Tarsonemus mites are found more frequently in fresh human sputum than other mites. Tarsonemus granarius has been found in the sputum of subjects working in grainstores together with another 9 mite species (Carter et al., 1944).
Korsgaard and Hallas (1979) suggested that the tarsonemid mites might be responsible for cases of house dust allergy, which were not ascribable to Dermatophagoides mites.
In addition to Tarsonemus, Tyrophagus sp. and Dermatophagoides sp. have also been observed in sputum (Carter et al., 1944; Soya and Jayawondeva, 1945; Van der Sar, 1946).
  • 1. Bernhard K, Karg W, Steinbrink H. House dust mites in bed dust and on the body. Angew Parasitol 1986;27:49-52.
  • 2. Carter HF, Wedd G, D'Abrera VSE. The occurrence of mites (Acarina) in human sputum and their possible significance. Indian Med Gaz 1944;79:163-168.
  • 3. Cho BK. Studies on house dust mite in Korea. Part I. Taxonomy. J Catholic Med Coll 1980;33:407-421. (in Korean).
  • 4. Ehara S. Illustrations of the mites and ticks of Japan. 1980, Zenkok Nosan Kypiku Kyokai; p 562 (in Japanese).
  • 5. Goo DW, Cho BK. Mite distribution in the clinical laboratory and its significance. J Catholic Med Coll 1989;42:747-755. (in Korean).
  • 6. Hewit MG, Barrow GI, Miller DC, Turk F, Turk S. Mites in the personal environment and their role in skin disorders. Br J Dermatol 1973;89:401-409.
  • 7. Hughes AM. The mites of stored food and houses. 1976, 2nd ed. London. Her Majesty's stationery office; p 400.
  • 8. Korsgaard J, Hallas TE. Tarsonemid mites in Danish house dust. Allergy 1979;34:225-232.
  • 9. Li C, Li L. Human pulmonary acariasis in Anhui Province: an epidemiological survey. Zhongguo Ji Sheng Chong Xue Yu Ji Sheng Chong Bing Za Zhi 1990;8:41-44.
  • 10. Oehlschlaegel G, Bayer F, Disko R, Fechter H, Mahunka S. Tarsonemushominis in skin connective tissue. Hautarzt 1983;34:632-634.
  • 11. Paik YH, Takaoka M, Matsuoka H, Ishii A. Mite fauna and mite antigen in house dust from houses in Seoul, Korea. Jap J Sanit Zool 1992;43:29-35.
  • 12. Ree HI, Jeon SH, Lee IY, Hong CS, Lee DK. Fauna and geographical distribution of house dust mites in Korea. Korean J Parasitol 1997;35:9-17.
  • 13. Sasa M, Aoki JI. Contribution to Acarology in Japan. 1981, Hokuryukan; p 602 (in Japanese).
  • 14. Soya E, Jayawondeva MDS. Pulmonary acariasis: a possible cause of asthma. Brit Med J 1945;4383:1-5.
  • 15. Van der Sar A. Pulmonary acariasis. It's relationship to the eosinophilic lung and Löeffler's syndrome. Am Rev Tbc 1946;53:440.
Fig. 1
Tarsonemus floricolus collected from sputum. A, T. floricolus male (ventral side). Balloon-shaped sensilla (→) positioned near the anterior end of apodeme II. Legs IV (▶ ▶) with a single strong claw and two terminal whip-like setae. B, T. floricolus female (dorsal side), apodemes III (▶) and IV (▶ ▶) are elongated.
kjp-41-171-g001.jpg

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A human case of house dust mite Tarsonemus floricolus collected from sputum
Korean J Parasitol. 2003;41(3):171-173.   Published online September 20, 2003
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2003.41.3.171
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A human case of house dust mite Tarsonemus floricolus collected from sputum
Korean J Parasitol. 2003;41(3):171-173.   Published online September 20, 2003
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2003.41.3.171
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A human case of house dust mite Tarsonemus floricolus collected from sputum
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Fig. 1 Tarsonemus floricolus collected from sputum. A, T. floricolus male (ventral side). Balloon-shaped sensilla (→) positioned near the anterior end of apodeme II. Legs IV (▶ ▶) with a single strong claw and two terminal whip-like setae. B, T. floricolus female (dorsal side), apodemes III (▶) and IV (▶ ▶) are elongated.

Fig. 1

A human case of house dust mite Tarsonemus floricolus collected from sputum
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