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The life cycle and larval development of Fibricola seoulensis (Trematoda: Diplostomatidae)
Byong Seol Seo,*Soon Hyung Lee,Jong Yil Chai,Sung Jong Hong,** and Sung Tae Hong
Department of Parasitology and Institute of Endemic Diseases, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 110-460, Korea.
Abstract
The life cycle of Fibricola seoulensis was studied in the laboratory and in the field, with special interests in the larval developments within the eggs and in the intermediate hosts. The first emergence of miracidia after incubation of eggs in 26C water began on the ninth day. The miracidia, elongate and cylindrical shape, had epidermal plates in the formula of 6, 9, 4 and 3, with two pairs of flame cells and lateral processes. A kind of fresh water snail, Hippeutis (H.) cantori, was found to shed furcocercous cercariae from the 13th day after experimental challenge with miracidia while Physa acuta failed to shed. The same kind of snail collected from the field also shed the same cercariae. The cercariae were equipped with 2 pairs of penetration glands and 5 pairs of flame cells. The tadpoles of Rana nigromaculata were found susceptible to experimental infection with the cercariae. The same kind of tadpoles collected from various areas were also found naturally infected. The metacercariae in the tadpoles which were infected experimentally became infective to the definitive host in 21 days. The metacercariae were located free in the body cavity of tadpoles, and attained sexual maturity in rats in 7 days. The present study successfully followed the complete life cycle of F. seoulenis and found that it is possible to maintain the life cycle in the laboratory.
Figures
Fig. 1 Map of collection areas of Lymnaea sp. (∘), H. cantori (•) and tadpoles of the frog, Rana nigromaculata (∎).
Fig. 2 Embryogenesis of F. seoulensis eggs. A : 4-cell stage, B : immature miracidium (embryo), C : mature miracidium, D : epidermal plate, E : internal structures.
Fig. 3 Cercaria and metacercaria of F. seoulensis. A: cercarial body, B: tail of cercaria, C: whole view of cercaria, D: metacercaria recovered from experimental tadpole.
Fig. 4 A: miracidium infravitally stained with neutral red (×400), B: epidermal plate of miracidium stained by silver impregnation method, C & D: daughter sporocyst from experimentally infected Hippeutis snail showing numerous cercariae (×40 & ×200), E: cercaria from experimental snail stained with neutral red (×100), F: higher magnification of cercarial body of Fig. 4C showing penetration glands (PG) (×400), G: metacercaria recovered from the tadpole 21 days after experimental infection, acetocarmine stained (×200).
Tables
Table 1 The incidence of diplostomatid metacercariae from tadpoles of R. nigromaculata in several areas
Table 2 Measurements of F. seoulensis metacercariae collected from the experimentally infected tadpoles (R. nigromaculata) by post-infection days
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