An investigation on the trematodes of Korean amphibians was carried out during the period from April to September of 1976. A total of 883 amphibians of 6 species were examined.
These frogs, toads and salamanders were collected in the areas of the Han river side. And also these amphibians comprised 775 Rana nigromaculata, 53 Rana rugosa, 21 Hyla arborea japonica, 2 Bufo bufo gargarizans, 2 Gallula tornieri and 30 Hynobius leechi. Out of the results of this work, 7 species of trematodes belonging to 2 orders were found as follows: Monogenea: Diplorchis ranae Ozaki, 1931.
Digenea: Diplodiscus japonicus (Yamaguti , 1936), Gorgodera japonica Yamaguti, 1936, Haematoloechus sibiricus japonicus(Yamaguti, 1936) , Mesocoelium brevicaecum Ochi, 1929, Loxogenes liberum Seno,1980, Pleurogenoides japonicus (Yamaguti, 1936).
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Trematodes of the genus Haematoloechus (Digenea: Plagiorchiidae) from frogs in Korea K H Kim, H J Rim, I B Yoon The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1992; 30(4): 245. CrossRef
Precipitin reaction between host organ extracts and antisera for Paragonimus and Clonorchis were studied to know whether the antigens from two species of trematodes have common characters with those of host organs. The brain, lung, heart, liver and muscle of rat and rabbit were extracted in 0.1 percent saline solution by freezing-thawing technique.
For immunization of rabbit, the extracts of Paragonimus and Clonorchis was emulsified with equal amount of Freund's adjuvant and 1.0 ml of the mixture was injected subcutaneously once every 10 days for 5 times, and 3 days after the last immunization, antisera were prepared.
Precipitin bands by agar-gel double diffusion methods were examined between organ extracts of rabbit or rat and Paragonimus or Clonorchis antisera. The results could be summarized as follows: Precipitin bands were appeared between extracts of liver, heart and muscle of rat and anti-Clonorchis rabbit sera but not appeared against brain and lung. Precipitin bands were appeared between extracts of lung, muscle and liver of rat and anti-Paragonimus rabbit sera but not appeared against brain and heart. Precipitin bands were appeared between extracts of liver and muscle of rabbit and anti-Clonorchis rabbit sera but not appeared against brain, heart and lung. Precipitin bands were appeared between extracts of lung and muscle of rabbit and anti-Paragonimus rabbit sera but not appeared against liver.
The extracts of Paragonimus westermani showed precipitin bands against liver and brain of rat and liver of rabbit in agar-gel double diffusion.
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Paragonimus and paragonimiasis in Korea D W Choi The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1990; 28(Suppl): 79. CrossRef
Paragonimiasis is one of the most important endemic diseases in Korea. However, recognition of the limitation of microscopic examination of sputum and feces for Paragonimus eggs has led to the investigation of immunoserological techniques for paragonimiasis. The other hand, bithionol preparation has been used as a drug of choice in paragonimiasis but recently niclofolan preparation has introduced as a new agent. By the time, the authors attempted the evaluation of above both agents against experimental rat paragonimiasis by immunoelectrophoresis and Ouchterlony test. The immunoeletrophoresis and Ouchterlony tests were performed according to the method Tsuji and Grabar et Williams respectively, with antigen extracted from lyophilized worm of P. westermani with 0.1 per cemt saline solution. Meanwhile, rats were infected with per os 20 metacercariae of P. westermani above two kinds of serologic tests and were undertaken at biweekly intervals. Then, bithionol was administered every other day for 5 successively for 2 weeks or 6 weeks after infection. Another groups, niclofolan was administered per os single dose same as above. The sera from the rats infected with P.
westermani, after treatment with bithionol or niclofolan preparations began to show the precipitin bands against P.
westermani antigen 8 weeks after the infection in immunoelectrophoresis and Ouchterlony test, but from 10 or 12 weeks after infection, the number of bands were decreased or disappeared gradually. In genera1, the sera from the rats treated with bithionol or niclofolan showed the precipitin bands delaying 2 weeks than control rat groups. The sera from the rats administered with hydrocortisone showed precipitin bands neither in immunoelectrophoresis nor in Ouchterlony test.
The distribution patterns of worm burden of Enterobius vermicularis were studied in a primary school in rural part of Korea, on July, September and November 1976, for successively three times on 285 children. Out of the subjected children treated with pyrantel pamoate at the dose of 10 mg/kg body weight, 107 in the first, 55 in the second and 43 in the third trials were cooperative in the satisfactory collection of whole amount of feces for three days in respective trials. The distribution patterns of worm burden in these subjected children were considered by statistical analyses for the fitness with theoretical lognormal and negative binomial frequencies. The theoretical values from equations of lognormal distribution was fitted to the observed frequency distibution patterns throughout three trials, but in the second trial undertaken on September 17, 1976, both the lognormal and negative binomial were found to fit the observed data, probably because of rarity of heavy infection cases and high frequency of noninfected cases.
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Enterobius vermicularis Infection among Preschool Children: A 12-Year (2008-2019) Survey in Large Cities and Provinces of the Republic of Korea Hyejoo Shin, Bong-Kwang Jung, Seungwan Ryoo, Sooji Hong, Taehee Chang, Jiyeon Park, Keon Hoon Lee, Jeonggyu Lee, Jae Young Park, Hoo-Gn Jeoung, Jae Hyun Cho, Jong-Yil Chai The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2021; 59(4): 421. CrossRef
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Enterobius vermicularis egg positive rate of pre-school children in Chunchon, Korea (1999) Hyung-Jun Yoon, Ye-Jong Choi, Soo-Ung Lee, Hyun-Young Park, Sun Huh, Yong-Sang Yang The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2000; 38(4): 279. CrossRef
Intestinal parasite infections at an institution for the handicapped in Korea Jongweon Lee, Gab-Man Park, Du-Ho Lee, Soon-Jung Park, Tai-Soon Yong The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2000; 38(3): 179. CrossRef
Prevalence of Enterobius vermicularis infection and preventive effects of mass treatment among children in rural and urban areas, and children in orphanages J S Kim, H Y Lee, Y K Ahn The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1991; 29(3): 235. CrossRef
The distribution and abundance of Enterobius vermicularis in a South Indian fishing community M. R. Haswell-Elkins, D. B. Elkins, K. Manjula, E. Michael, R. M. Anderson Parasitology.1987; 95(2): 339. CrossRef
Seasonal variations of metacercarial density of Clonorchis sinensis in fish intermediate host, Pseudorasbora parva Shin Yong Kang, Suk Il Kim, Seung Yull Cho The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1985; 23(1): 87. CrossRef
Status of Enterobius vermicularis Iifection in primary school children, Yongyang-Kun, Kyongbuk Province Son Ho, Chan Byong Park The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1984; 22(1): 138. CrossRef
Study on the frequency distribution of the metacercarial density of Clonorchis sinensis in fish host, Pseudorasbora parva Yeun Ki Kim, Shin Yong Kang, Soon Hyung Lee The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1979; 17(2): 127. CrossRef
Frequency distribution of Ascaris lumbricoides in rural Koreans with special reference on the effect of changing endemicity Byong Seol Seo, Seung Yull Cho, Jong Yil Chai The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1979; 17(2): 105. CrossRef
Relationships between the results of repeated anal swab examinations and worm burden of Enterobius vermicularis Seung Yull Cho, Shin Yong Kang, Yong Suk Ryang, Byong Seol Seo The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1976; 14(2): 109. CrossRef
To relate the results of repeatedly undertaken anal swabs to worm burden of Enterobius vermicularis in a highly endemic community, 193 rural schoolchildren, divided into 4 groups, were examined daily by Scotch-tape anal swab method, 1, 2, 3 and 4 times respectively. All of the schoolchildren were treated with pyrantel pamoate 10 mg/kg body weight exactly after the last anal swab in each group disregard the results. And all of the expelled E. vermicularis were collected and counted. It was found that 68.8% of total anal swabs were positive and the collection rate of E.
vermicularis was 90.7% with average worm burden, 17.0, in surveyed children. From the analyses of the obtained data, following three inferences were derived. The consecutive postive findings of anal swabs could not reduce the possibilities of detecting light worm burden cases when the anal swabs were undertaken daily up to 4 times. The possibilities of detecting the heavy infection cases were found in consecutively positive categories of anal swab and the presence of negative result(s) of anal swab during the consecutive examinations did denote the reduced possibilities of detection heavy infection. The consecutive negative findings in anal swab have tendenicies reducing the possibilities of detecting heavy worm burden cases. Above results were highly suggestive that the processes of infection loss in E. vermicularis were taken place continuously, allowing daily small allotments of discharge of fully gravid worms in heavy infection cases and massive discharge in a very short period of time is practically rare event.
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Effectiveness of Repeated Examination to Diagnose Enterobiasis in Nursery School Groups Mare Remm, Kalle Remm The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2009; 47(3): 235. CrossRef
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Enterobius vermicularis egg positive rate of pre-school children in Chunchon, Korea (1999) Hyung-Jun Yoon, Ye-Jong Choi, Soo-Ung Lee, Hyun-Young Park, Sun Huh, Yong-Sang Yang The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2000; 38(4): 279. CrossRef
A longitudinal study of enterobiasis in three day care centers of Havana City Fidel Angel Núñez, Miriam Hernández, Carlos M. Finlay Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo.1996; 38(2): 129. CrossRef
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Recent patterns of Enterobius vermicularis infection in some school children, Korea Yong Suk Ryang The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1988; 26(3): 215. CrossRef
The distribution and abundance of Enterobius vermicularis in a South Indian fishing community M. R. Haswell-Elkins, D. B. Elkins, K. Manjula, E. Michael, R. M. Anderson Parasitology.1987; 95(2): 339. CrossRef
Status of Enterobius vermicularis Iifection in primary school children, Yongyang-Kun, Kyongbuk Province Son Ho, Chan Byong Park The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1984; 22(1): 138. CrossRef
Evaluation of anthelmintic treatment of Enterobius vermicularis infection in highly endemic population by prolonged observation Seung Yull Cho, Young Rak Ahn, Yong Suk Ryang, Byong Seol Seo The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1977; 15(2): 100. CrossRef
This study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of health education and anti-Clonorchis campaign conducted in Kyungpook Province and to compare the prevalence of Clonorchis sinensis among the residents in the same areas for the period 1964-1976. Both surveys were made on all age groups of residents ranging from 0 to over 60 years of age.
They were examined using primarily intradermal tests with Clonorchis and Paragonimus antigens and followed by stool examinations. The definitive diagnosis of clonorchiasis was made on the recovery of Clonorchis eggs from the stools. A marked reduction in the prevalence was encountered in the youngest age group, but there is no significant difference in the older age groups. The overall prevalence rate for clonorchiasis was reduced from 27.7 to 19.6 per cent in a period of 10 years. It is found that clonorchiasis is less prevalent in Kyungpook Province than it was a decade ago and it continued to decline.
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Study on Factors Related to of Clonorchiasis Infection among the Inhabitants in the Nakdong Riverside Area Seong Ho Hwang, Jae Yong Park, Chang Hyun Han, Yeon Yi Song, Kyung Soon Park Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2010; 21(2): 242. CrossRef
Changing patterns of Clonorchis sinensis infections in Kyongbuk, Korea C Y Joo, M S Chung, S J Kim, C M Kang The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1997; 35(3): 155. CrossRef
Epidemiological studies of digenetic trematodes in Yongyang County, Kyungpook Province D I Chung, Y I Kim, K R Lee, D W Choi The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1991; 29(4): 325. CrossRef
Clonorchiasis in Korea H J Rim The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1990; 28(Suppl): 63. CrossRef
Change in incidence of parasite eggs and larvae from vegetable in the markets of Taegu Jeong Suk Lee, Jung Sook Seo, Mee Sun Ock, Young Sun Park The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1983; 21(1): 105. CrossRef
Epidemiological studies on Clonorchis sinensis infection along the Nam-river in Gyeongnam province, Korea Kyoung Hoon Bae, Yung Kyum Ahn, Chin Thack Soh, Hiroshi Tsutsumi The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1983; 21(2): 167. CrossRef
Epidemiological studies of Clonorchis sinensis in vicinity of river Taewha, Kyungnam province, Korea Chong Yoon Joo The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1980; 18(2): 199. CrossRef
Seasonal variation of snail population of Parafossarulus manchouricus and larval trematode infection in river Kumho, Kyungpook province, Korea Byung Joo Chung, Chong Yoon Joo, Dong Wik Choi The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1980; 18(1): 54. CrossRef
Prevalence of Clonorchis sinensis in vicinity of Seongju, Kyungpook Province, Korea Dong Wik Choi The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1978; 16(2): 140. CrossRef
Spermatogenesis in liver flukes, C. sinensis, was investigated by using light and electron microscopes. The epithelium of the testis was composed of a basement membrane, numerous lamellae protuded from the membrance and large number of spermatogonia supported by the lamellae. The lumen of the testis was filled with numerous 8, 16 and 32-cell groups representing primary spermatocytes, secondary spermatocytes and spermatids respectively. None of cell groups with over 32 or under 8 cells was noticed. The process of spermatogenesis is presumably as follows; A cell group of 8 spermatogonia, attached together by a cytophore, is separated from the testis epithelium during the growth period, thus becoming primary spermatocytes. The primary spermatocytes divide to form a cell group of 16 secondary spermatocytes giving rise to a cell group of 32 spermatids through meiotic germ cell division. The spermatids begin to undergo a spermiogenesis. The newly formed sperms remain attached together in the lumen for a while before migrating through the vasa efferentia.
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Transmission electron microscopic ultrastructures of the male germinal cells of Fibricola seoulensis W M Sohn, S H Lee The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1993; 31(3): 183. CrossRef
On the spermiogenesis of Invenusta aestus (Plathelminthes, Proseriata) an ultrastructural study with implications for plathelminth phylogeny Beate Sopott-Ehlers Zoomorphology.1989; 109(3): 145. CrossRef
A study on the fine structure of Clonorchus sinensis, a liver Fluke V. The mature spermatozoa Kye Heon Jeong, Han Jong Rim The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1984; 22(1): 30. CrossRef
A Study on the structure of Clonorchis sinensis, a liver fluke IV. Probable functions of the Laurer's canal Kye Heon Jeong The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1983; 21(2): 209. CrossRef
The ultrastructure of the spermatozoon of Neochasmus sp. (Cryptogonimidae, Digenea, Trematoda) and its phylogenetic significance B.G.M. Jamieson, L.M. Daddow International Journal for Parasitology.1982; 12(6): 547. CrossRef
In order to understand the effect of prednisolone injection on the immune responses of albino rat against Paragonimus iloktsuenensis infection, the differential leucocyte counts, appearance of immunoblast (large pyroninophilic cell, LPC) in the spleen and lungs in various experimental groups were observed in relation with the growth, maturation and migration sites of this rodent lungfluke. Rats of 3 experimental groups (A series), each group consisted of 5 rats, were infected with 20 metacercariae of P.
iloktsuenensis, and they were kept for 3 days(Group I), 3 weeks(Group II), and 4 weeks (Group III) of infection period. The same number of experimental groups, each group of rats received 10 mg/kg dose of prednisolone injection every other day, were also kept and examined in comparison with the former groups. Preparation of peripheral blood smear and collection of worms were completed immediately after the end of infection period, and they were stained with Giemsa or Semichon's acetocarmine. Paraffin sections of the spleen and the lung tissues were stained with hematoxylin-eosin and methyl green pyronin (MGP). Those materials from A and B series of experimental groups were examined under the light microscope, and the results obtained were as follows: On observing differential leucocyte counts of peripheral blood smear, lymphocyte counts were consistently higher than those of uninfected controls in A series of infected groups, while those of B series were consistently low. On the other hand, neutrophil counts of A series showed lower counts than those of B series. In general, fluctuation patterns of both A and B series of experimental groups were almost the same, although lymphocyte and neutrophil counts showed reciprocal relation.
The eosinophil counts of both series were negligible, especially in the groups of B series. The counts of LPC in the periarterial lymphatic sheath of the spleen were rapidly increased in the groups of A series, while those of B series were much less than those of A series, and the appearance of considerable LPC in the spleen was also delayed in B series.
Furthermore, LPC of peribronchial lymphatic tissue in A series started to increase after the invasion of lungflukes into the lungs, while those of B series were much less due to the inhibited migration of lymphocytes into the lesions.
Number, size and maturity of collected worms showed no significant differences between the groups of A and B series, but migration speed of the lungflukes was somewhat accelerated in B series than in A series. In this connection, it was considered that the immune responses of albino rats did not contribute for the complete protection against P. iloktsuenensis, but inhibited the migration of this lungfluke to some extent.
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Study on Metagonimus yokogawai(Katsurada, 1912) in Korea VII. Susceptibility of various strains of mice to Metagonimus infection and effect of Prednisolone Jong Yil Chai, Byong Seol Seo, Soon Hyung Lee The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1984; 22(2): 153. CrossRef
The new drug niclofolan (bayer 9015, Bilevon), 5,5'-dichloro-2,2'-dihydroxy-3, 3'-dinitrobiphenyl, has been used in the treatment of Paragonimus westermani in dogs and cats and P. iloktsuenensis in rats. It was proved that administration of daily dose of 1.0 mg/kg body weight for 3 days or in 2 doses of 2.0 mg/kg body weight by alternate days were evidently effective for the infected dogs, cats and rats with the lung flukes, and toxic manifestations were not found.
Paragonimus and paragonimiasis in Korea D W Choi The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1990; 28(Suppl): 79. CrossRef
ELISA of rat sera infected with Paragonimus iloktsuenensis B K Lim, O R Lee, H S Nam The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1990; 28(4): 207. CrossRef
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Fascioliasis has not been confirmed as a human disease entity until now in Korea despite of sporadic discovery of ova of Fasciola sp. in human fecal materials being never traced to the confirmation of infection. Almost all of the cases with ova in their stool have been related with consumption of cattle liver whether eaten in raw or processed. The present authors confirmed a human fascioliasis case who was a Korean housewife of 42-year-old living in Seoul, during the exploratory laparotomy. The patient had been healthy until October 1975 when abrupt onset of urticaria, dyspepsia, epigastric discomfort developed. And the fluctuation of these symptoms was followed by epigastric colicky pain attacks from December 4, 1975. A complete worm of Fasciola sp. was removed during the bile-duct exploration with stone forceps in lower half of common bile duct, on January 20, 1976. The patient only agreed that she had eaten some raw liver of cattle on September 1975 but denied any possible sources of infection such as drinking of untreated water, handling of water flower and grass, and eating of raw watercress. The measurements of the removed worm: 35. 61 mm in body length, 14.00 mm in maximum body width(Length/width ratio, 2.54:1), distribution of testes to body length 33.9 per cent , number of branches of ovary 22, the size of intrauterine ova 157.2 x 108. 4 micrometer in average. These findings are not compatible with the classical descriptions of both Fasciola hepatica and F. gigantica, and it was concluded it is so-called Fasciola sp. which is intermediate between two species as proposed by many Japanese workers.
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