Parasites, Hosts and Diseases

"Seon Cho"

Brief Communications

Effect of Mass Drug Administration with a Single Dose of Albendazole on Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura Infection among Schoolchildren in Yangon Region, Myanmar: Jong-Yil Chai, Woon-Mok Sohn, Sung-Jong Hong, Bong-Kwang Jung, Sooji Hong, Seon Cho, Jong-Bok Park, In-Sung Kim, Sunkyoung Kim, Keon-Hoon Lee, Hoo-Gn Jeoung, Thi Thi Htoon, Htay Htay Tin; Korean J Parasitol 2020;58(2):195-200.
Published online April 30, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2020.58.2.195

Abstract
PDF

Soil-transmitted helminths, including Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura, are important intestinal parasites mostly affecting younger people in developing countries. In 2014-2015, we performed mass fecal examinations targeting a total of 2,227 schoolchildren in 3 districts (South Dagon, North Dagon, and Hlaing-thar-yar) of Yangon Region, Myanmar, using the Kato-Katz thick smear technique. The egg positive children were subjected to a mass drug administration (MDA) using a single oral dose of 400 mg albendazole. The pre-treatment egg positive rate (EPG/person) of A. lumbricoides averaged 17.2% (15,532); it was 25.2% (21,796), 14.2% (11,816), and 12.8% (12,983) in 3 districts, respectively, and that of T. trichiura averaged 19.4% (1,074), and was 24.1% (1,040), 12.3% (852), and 21.2% (1,330) in 3 districts, respectively. Follow-up fecal examinations performed 4 months post-MDA revealed considerable decreases of A. lumbricoides prevalence (EPG/person) to av. 8.3% (12,429), and 13.7% (17,640), 8.0% (7,797), and 4.5% (11,849) in 3 districts, respectively. However, T. trichiura did not show any recognizable decrease in the prevalence (EPG/person) remaining at av. 18.2% (862), and 18.5% (888), 11.5% (812), and 23.3% (887) in 3 districts, respectively. The results demonstrated difficulty in short-term control of T. trichiura by MDA using albendazole and suggested necessity of either a long-term MDA (>10 years) or changing the albendazole regimen into 2~3-day course (total 800 or 1,200 mg), or using an alternative drug/drug combination.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

In the realm of microbiology, a quality stool sample is as valuable as gold
Nikunja Kumar Das, Sahjid Mukhida, Sriram Kannuri, Sameena Khan, Rajashri Patil
MRIMS Journal of Health Sciences.2025; 13(1): 29. CrossRef
Malnutrition among children under 7 years of age linked to ascariasis: evidence from West Sumba, Indonesia, despite ongoing deworming program
Rizqiani Amalia Kusumasari, Hanindyo Adi, Tri Baskoro Tunggul Satoto, Abdul Wahab, E. Elsa Herdiana Murhandarwati
BMC Public Health.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Epidemiology of soil-transmitted helminthiasis among school-aged children in pastoralist communities of Kenya: A cross-sectional study
Richelle W. Kihoro, Damaris Mulewa, Collins Okoyo, Dominic Ayaa, Agnes Korir, Doris W. Njomo, Charles Mwandawiro, Janet Masaku, Emmanuel Timmy Donkoh
PLOS ONE.2024; 19(5): e0304266. CrossRef
Standard- and large-sized eggs of Trichuris trichiura in the feces of schoolchildren in the Yangon Region, Myanmar: Morphological and molecular analyses
Seungwan Ryoo, Bong-Kwang Jung, Sooji Hong, Hyejoo Shin, Hyemi Song, Hyun-Seung Kim, Jin-Youp Ryu, Woon-Mok Sohn, Sung-Jong Hong, Thi Thi Htoon, Htay Htay Tin, Jong-Yil Chai
Parasites, Hosts and Diseases.2023; 61(3): 317. CrossRef
Parasitic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Track and Liver
Annie L. Braseth, David E. Elliott, M. Nedim Ince
Gastroenterology Clinics of North America.2021; 50(2): 361. CrossRef
Albendazole and Mebendazole as Anti-Parasitic and Anti-Cancer Agents: an Update
Jong-Yil Chai, Bong-Kwang Jung, Sung-Jong Hong
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2021; 59(3): 189. CrossRef
Occurrence of gastrointestinal helminths and the first molecular detection of Ancylostoma ceylanicum, Trichuris trichiura, and Trichuris vulpis in dogs in Myanmar
Lat Lat Htun, Sandar Thu Rein, Shwe Yee Win, Nyein Chan Soe, Su Su Thein, Yadanar Khaing, Yu Nandi Thaw, Hla Myet Chel, Myint Myint Hmoon, Saw Bawm
Parasitology Research.2021; 120(10): 3619. CrossRef
Failure of Repeated MDA with Albendazole for Trichuriasis Control in Schoolchildren of the Yangon Region, Myanmar
Sooji Hong, Bong-Kwang Jung, Hyemi Song, Jaeeun Cho, Woon-Mok Sohn, Sung-Jong Hong, Jin-Youp Ryu, Hyun-Seung Kim, Mun-Hyoo Jeong, Thi Thi Htoon, Htay Htay Tin, Jong-Yil Chai
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2021; 59(6): 607. CrossRef
Necrotizing pancreatitis due to Ascaris lumbricoides: Causes, diagnosis, and current treatment
Silvia Carolina Barbosa Valenzuela, Maite Lubian Nieto del Río, Daniela Ramirez, José Ariza Daza, Wilmar Montañez Coronado, Laura Alvarado
Revista colombiana de Gastroenterología.2021; 36(4): 514. CrossRef
Larval Gnathostomes and Zoonotic Trematode Metacercariae in Fish from a Local Market in Yangon City, Myanmar
Jong-Yil Chai, Bong-Kwang Jung, Keon Hoon Lee, Jin-Youp Ryu, Hyeon-Seung Kim, Sung-Jong Hong, Thi Thi Htoon, Htay Htay Tin, Byoung-Kuk Na, Woon-Mok Sohn
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2020; 58(6): 701. CrossRef

6,789 View
157 Download
8 Web of Science
Crossref

Prevalence of Intestinal Protozoans among Schoolchildren in Suburban Areas near Yangon, Myanmar: Min-Jae Kim, Bong-Kwang Jung, Jaeeun Cho, Deok-Gyu Kim, Hyemi Song, Keon-Hoon Lee, Seon Cho, Thi Thi Htoon, Htay Htay Tin, Jong-Yil Chai; Korean J Parasitol 2016;54(3):345-348.
Published online June 30, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2016.54.3.345

Abstract
PDF

Although intestinal protozoans are common etiologies of diarrhea, few studies have been conducted in Myanmar. This study planned to investigate the prevalence of Giardia lamblia, Entamoeba coli, Entamoeba histolytica, and Endolimax nana among schoolchildren and their guardians in suburban areas near Yangon, Myanmar. We performed a cross-sectional survey among schoolchildren and their guardians from 7 primary schools in South Dagon and Hlaing Thar Yar districts, Yangon, Myanmar. Stool samples were observed with a microscope after concentration technique and iodine staining. Total 821 stool samples, including 556 from schoolchildren and 265 from guardians, were examined. The median age was 6 years old for schoolchildren and 36 years old for guardians. A 53.1% of the school children and 14.6 % of the guardians were males. The overall prevalence of each intestinal protozoan species was as follows: 3.4% (28/821) for G. lamblia; 3.5% (29/821) for E. coli; 1.2% (10/821) for E. histoytica, and 3.0% for E. nana. This study showed that intestinal protozoans are common in primary schoolchildren and their guardians in suburban areas near Yangon, Myanmar. Health interventions, such as hand washing education, improvement of sanitation, and establishment of water purification systems are urgently needed in this area.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Giardia intestinalis Infestation and Assemblage of Isolates Among Monastery Primary School Children in Yangon, Myanmar
Yi Yi Myint, Win Pa Pa Aung, Maleewong Wanchai, Pewpan M. Intapan, Oranuch Sanpool, Aung Phyo Wai, Win Win Maw
Cureus.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Epidemiology and Molecular Characterization of Entamoeba spp. in Non-Human Primates in Zoos in China
Diya An, Shui Yu, Tingting Jiang, Jianhui Zhang, Qun Liu, Jing Liu
Veterinary Sciences.2024; 11(12): 590. CrossRef
Review of zoonotic amebiasis: Epidemiology, clinical signs, diagnosis, treatment, prevention and control
Junqiang Li, Zhaohui Cui, Xiaoying Li, Longxian Zhang
Research in Veterinary Science.2021; 136: 174. CrossRef
Determinants of Pathogen Contamination of the Environment in the Greater Yangon Area, Myanmar
Leon Espira, Ther Aung, Khin Han, Pamela Jagger, Joseph N. S. Eisenberg
Environmental Science & Technology.2021; 55(24): 16465. CrossRef
First identification and genotyping of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in humans in Myanmar
Yujuan Shen, Baiyan Gong, Xiaohua Liu, Yanchen Wu, Fengkun Yang, Jie Xu, Xiaofan Zhang, Jianping Cao, Aiqin Liu
BMC Microbiology.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
The Influence of HIV Status on the Burden and Clinical Manifestations of Gastrointestinal Pathogens in Yangon, Myanmar
Win Pa Pa Aung, Nan Phyu Sin Toe Myint, Thet Tun Zaw, David A. Cooper, Ne Myo Aung, Mar Mar Kyi, Mya Mya Lwin, Josh Hanson
The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.2020; 102(4): 884. CrossRef
Identification of Uncommon Cryptosporidiumviatorum (a Novel Subtype XVcA2G1c) and Cryptosporidium andersoni as Well as Common Giardia duodenalis Assemblages A and B in Humans in Myanmar
Yanchen Wu, Baiyan Gong, Xiaohua Liu, Yanyan Jiang, Jianping Cao, Lan Yao, He Li, Aiqin Liu, Yujuan Shen
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Prevalence and Genetic Identification of Three Entamoeba Species in Pigs in Southeastern China
Ting Ji, Hao-Xuan Cao, Ran Wu, Lin-Lin Cui, Guo-Ming Su, Chang Niu, Ning Zhang, Shou-Kun Wang, Dong-Hui Zhou
BioMed Research International.2019; 2019: 1. CrossRef
Is it necessary to take anthelmintics every year in Korea?
Sun Huh
Journal of the Korean Medical Association.2018; 61(3): 198. CrossRef
Prevalence, molecular epidemiology, and zoonotic potential of Entamoeba spp. in nonhuman primates in China
Haiju Dong, Junqiang Li, Meng Qi, Rongjun Wang, Fuchang Yu, Fuchun Jian, Changshen Ning, Longxian Zhang
Infection, Genetics and Evolution.2017; 54: 216. CrossRef
Intestinal Parasitic Infections and Environmental Water Contamination in a Rural Village of Northern Lao PDR
Alexis Ribas, Chloé Jollivet, Serge Morand, Boupha Thongmalayvong, Silaphet Somphavong, Chern-Chiang Siew, Pei-Jun Ting, Saipin Suputtamongkol, Viengsaene Saensombath, Surapol Sanguankiat, Boon-Huan Tan, Phimpha Paboriboune, Kongsap Akkhavong, Kittipong C
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2017; 55(5): 523. CrossRef

10,216 View
181 Download
13 Web of Science
Crossref

High Prevalence of Enterobius vermicularis Infection among Schoolchildren in Three Townships around Yangon, Myanmar: Jong-Yil Chai, Seung Koo Yang, Jae Won Kim, Soo-Lyoen Choi, Gyu-Young Song, Bong-Kwang Jung, Min-Jae Kim, Jaeeun Cho, Deok-Gyu Kim, Woon-Mok Sohn, Hoo-Gn Jeoung, Seon Cho, Jong-Bok Park, Sooji Hong, Thi Thi Htoon, Htay Htay Tin; Korean J Parasitol 2015;53(6):771-775.
Published online December 31, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2015.53.6.771

Abstract
PDF

In order to determine the status of Enterobius vermicularis infection among schoolchildren in suburban areas of Myanmar, 761 primary schoolchildren in 3 different townships around Yangon City were subjected to a survey using cello-tape anal swabs. The subjected schoolchildren were 383 boys and 378 girls who were 5-7 years of age. Only 1 anal swab was obtained from each child. The overall egg positive rate of E. vermicularis was 47.2% (359 positives), and sex difference was not remarkable (48.6% in boys and 45.8% in girls). However, the positive rate was the highest in South Dagon (54.6%) followed by Hlaing Thayar (43.8%) and North Dagon (34.8%). This difference was highly correlated with the living standards of the people in each township. Nucleotide sequence of the 5S rDNA from the eggs on the cello-tape (2 children) revealed 99.7% identity with that of E. vermicularis reported in GenBank. The results indicated that E. vermicularis infection is highly prevalent among primary schoolchildren around Yangon, Myanmar.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Prevalence and Epidemiological Patterns of Enterobius vermicularis Infection in Thailand: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Jurairat Jongthawin, Aongart Mahittikorn, Apiporn Thinkhamrop Suwannatrai, Chutima Rattanawan, Kinley Wangdi, Frederick Ramirez Masangkay, Manas Kotepui
Medical Sciences.2025; 13(4): 207. CrossRef
Pinworm (Enterobius Vermicularis) Infestation: An Updated Review
Alexander K.C. Leung, Joseph M. Lam, Benjamin Barankin, Alex H.C. Wong, Kin F. Leong, Kam L. Hon
Current Pediatric Reviews.2025; 21(4): 333. CrossRef
Positive rates for Enterobius vermicularis eggs among preschool children in Yeosu-si, Jeollanam-do, Korea (2017-2021)
Myoung-Ro Lee, Hee-Eun Shin, Seon-Ok Back, Young-Ju Lee, Jung-Won Ju, Chun Soon Park, Hee-Il Lee
Parasites, Hosts and Diseases.2023; 61(1): 84. CrossRef
Global prevalence of enterobiasis in young children over the past 20 years: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Elham Kia Lashaki, Azadeh Mizani, Seyed Abdollah Hosseini, Bentolhoda Habibi, Khadijeh Taherkhani, Amir Javadi, AliReza Taremiha, Samira Dodangeh
Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives.2023; 14(6): 441. CrossRef
Pinworm infection in school children of four districts of Malakand region, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
W. Khan, W. A. Panhwar, S. A. Mehmood, S. Ahmed, M. S. Ahmed, N. Khan, M. M. Khan, W. Akram, S. Ullah, Imran
Brazilian Journal of Biology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Enterobiasis among Yemeni children: a cross-sectional study
Abdulelah H. Al-Adhroey, Yahya A. Al-Ansi, Mohammed A. Al-Kholani, Abdulrahman H. Amer, Marwan M. Al-Khyat, Fadia H. Al Hubaishi, Radhwan H. Aziz, Ebrahim S. Al-Khateeb, Souad A. Al-Gabri, Tawfik M. Al-Gabri
Journal of Parasitic Diseases.2022; 46(3): 722. CrossRef
Prevalence and genetic analysis of Enterobius vermicularis in schoolchildren in lower northern Thailand
Pichamon Janthu, Abdulhakam Dumidae, Chanakan Subkrasae, Jiranun Ardpairin, Saengchai Nateeworanart, Aunchalee Thanwisai, Apichat Vitta
Parasitology Research.2022; 121(10): 2955. CrossRef
Epidemiologic Study of Enterobius vermicularis Infection among Schoolchildren in the Republic of Marshall Islands
Chia-Kwung Fan, Pasaikou Sonko, Yueh-Lun Lee, Ai-Wen Yin, Ting-Wu Chuang, Ramson Kios, Ying-Ting Wang, Chia-Mei Chou, Shao-Lun Hsu, Mai-Szu Wu, Jia-Wei Lin, Chia-Ying Tu, Pedro P. Chieffi
Journal of Tropical Medicine.2021; 2021: 1. CrossRef
Enterobius vermicularis Infection among Preschool Children: A 12-Year (2008-2019) Survey in Large Cities and Provinces of the Republic of Korea
Hyejoo Shin, Bong-Kwang Jung, Seungwan Ryoo, Sooji Hong, Taehee Chang, Jiyeon Park, Keon Hoon Lee, Jeonggyu Lee, Jae Young Park, Hoo-Gn Jeoung, Jae Hyun Cho, Jong-Yil Chai
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2021; 59(4): 421. CrossRef
Enterobius vermicularis larvae in urine sample of female student: The first case report in Indonesia
Didik Sumanto, Sayono Sayono, Puji Lestari Mudawamah
Journal of Microbiology & Experimentation.2021; 9(1): 1. CrossRef
Eskişehir'de park ve toplu taşıma araçlarında Enterobius vermicularis kontaminasyonunun araştırılması
Kürşat KARTAL, Mustafa ESER, Mustafa KÖSE, Hakan GÜZEL
Kocatepe Veterinary Journal.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Detection of Enterobius vermicularis in greater Berlin, 2007–2017: seasonality and increased frequency of detection
Johannes Friesen, Clara Bergmann, Robert Neuber, Jörg Fuhrmann, Thilo Wenzel, Anita Durst, Michael Müller, Ralf Ignatius
European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases.2019; 38(4): 719. CrossRef
Enterobius vermicularis infection and its risk factors among pre-school children in Taipei, Taiwan
Kuang-Yao Chen, Chuan-Min Yen, Kao-Pin Hwang, Lian-Chen Wang
Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection.2018; 51(4): 559. CrossRef
A cross‐sectional study of intestinal parasitoses in dogs and children of the periurban area of La Plata (Buenos Aires, Argentina): Zoonotic importance and implications in public health
P. Cociancic, M. L. Zonta, G. T. Navone
Zoonoses and Public Health.2018;[Epub] CrossRef
The frequency of Enterobius vermicularis infection in children from Wielkopolska Voivodeship
Marta Siekierska, Karolina Kot, Natalia Łanocha-Arendarczyk, Danuta Kosik-Bogacka
Diagnostyka Laboratoryjna.2018; 54(1): 5. CrossRef
Prevalence of Intestinal Protozoans among Schoolchildren in Suburban Areas near Yangon, Myanmar
Min-Jae Kim, Bong-Kwang Jung, Jaeeun Cho, Deok-Gyu Kim, Hyemi Song, Keon-Hoon Lee, Seon Cho, Thi Thi Htoon, Htay Htay Tin, Jong-Yil Chai
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2016; 54(3): 345. CrossRef

11,195 View
142 Download
12 Web of Science
Crossref

Case Report

An Imported Case of Severe Falciparum Malaria with Prolonged Hemolytic Anemia Clinically Mimicking a Coinfection with Babesiosis: Young Ju Na, Jong-Yil Chai, Bong-Kwang Jung, Hyun Jung Lee, Ji Young Song, Ji Hye Je, Ji Hye Seo, Sung Hun Park, Ji Seon Choi, Min Ja Kim; Korean J Parasitol 2014;52(6):667-672.
Published online December 23, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2014.52.6.667

Abstract
PDF

While imported falciparum malaria has been increasingly reported in recent years in Korea, clinicians have difficulties in making a clinical diagnosis as well as in having accessibility to effective anti-malarial agents. Here we describe an unusual case of imported falciparum malaria with severe hemolytic anemia lasting over 2 weeks, clinically mimicking a coinfection with babesiosis. A 48-year old Korean man was diagnosed with severe falciparum malaria in France after traveling to the Republic of Benin, West Africa. He received a 1-day course of intravenous artesunate and a 7-day course of Malarone (atovaquone/proguanil) with supportive hemodialysis. Coming back to Korea 5 days after discharge, he was readmitted due to recurrent fever, and further treated with Malarone for 3 days. Both the peripheral blood smears and PCR test were positive for Plasmodium falciparum. However, he had prolonged severe hemolytic anemia (Hb 5.6 g/dl). Therefore, 10 days after the hospitalization, Babesia was considered to be potentially coinfected. A 7-day course of Malarone and azithromycin was empirically started. He became afebrile within 3 days of this babesiosis treatment, and hemolytic anemia profiles began to improve at the completion of the treatment. He has remained stable since his discharge. Unexpectedly, the PCR assays failed to detect DNA of Babesia spp. from blood. In addition, during the retrospective review of the case, the artesunate-induced delayed hemolytic anemia was considered as an alternative cause of the unexplained hemolytic anemia.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Imported parasitic diseases in the Republic of Korea: status and issues
Jong-Yil Chai
Journal of the Korean Medical Association.2025; 68(1): 52. CrossRef
Current Status of Trypanosoma grosi and Babesia microti in Small Mammals in the Republic of Korea
Hyun Jung Kim, BoGyeong Han, Hee-Il Lee, Jung-Won Ju, Hyun-Il Shin
Animals.2024; 14(7): 989. CrossRef
Imported human babesiosis in the Republic of Korea, 2019: two case reports
Hyun Jung Kim, Min Jae Kim, Hyun-Il Shin, Jung-Won Ju, Hee-Il Lee
Parasites, Hosts and Diseases.2023; 61(1): 72. CrossRef
Babesia microti alleviates disease manifestations caused by Plasmodium berghei ANKA in murine co-infection model of complicated malaria
Iqra Zafar, Tomoyo Taniguchi, Hanadi B. Baghdadi, Daisuke Kondoh, Mohamed Abdo Rizk, Eloiza May Galon, Shengwei Ji, Shimaa Abd El-Salam El-Sayed, Thom Do, Hang Li, Moaz M. Amer, Ma Zhuowei, Ma Yihong, Jinlin Zhou, Noboru Inoue, Xuenan Xuan
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
A conserved protein of Babesia microti elicits partial protection against Babesia and Plasmodium infection
Yao Wang, Qianqian Zhang, Wanruo Zhang, Junhu Chen, Jianfeng Dai, Xia Zhou
Parasites & Vectors.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Babesia microti Confers Macrophage-Based Cross-Protective Immunity Against Murine Malaria
Artemis Efstratiou, Eloiza May S. Galon, Guanbo Wang, Kousuke Umeda, Daisuke Kondoh, Mohamad Alaa Terkawi, Aiko Kume, Mingming Liu, Aaron Edmond Ringo, Huanping Guo, Yang Gao, Seung-Hun Lee, Jixu Li, Paul Franck Adjou Moumouni, Yoshifumi Nishikawa, Hirosh
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Two Imported Cases of Babesiosis with Complication or Co-Infection with Lyme Disease in Republic of Korea
Hea Yoon Kwon, Jae Hyoung Im, Yun-Kyu Park, Areum Durey, Jin-Soo Lee, Ji Hyeon Baek
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2018; 56(6): 609. CrossRef
Delayed Diagnosis of Falciparum Malaria with Acute Kidney Injury
Iee Ho Choi, Pyoung Han Hwang, Sam Im Choi, Dae-Yeol Lee, Min Sun Kim
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2016; 31(9): 1499. CrossRef
Malaria endemicity and co-infection with tissue-dwelling parasites in Sub-Saharan Africa: a review
Nyamongo W. Onkoba, Moses J. Chimbari, Samson Mukaratirwa
Infectious Diseases of Poverty.2015;[Epub] CrossRef
Artesunate

Reactions Weekly.2015; 1574(1): 36. CrossRef