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Volume 51(3); June 2013

Original Articles

Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Targeting 18S Ribosomal DNA for Rapid Detection of Acanthamoeba
Hye-Won Yang, Yu-Ran Lee, Noboru Inoue, Bijay Kumar Jha, Dinzouna-Boutamba Sylvatrie Danne, Hong-Kyun Kim, Junhun Lee, Youn-Kyoung Goo, Hyun-Hee Kong, Dong-Il Chung, Yeonchul Hong
Korean J Parasitol 2013;51(3):269-277.
Published online June 30, 2013
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2013.51.3.269

Amoebic keratitis (AK) caused by Acanthamoeba is one of the most serious corneal infections. AK is frequently misdiagnosed initially as viral, bacterial, or fungal keratitis, thus ensuring treatment delays. Accordingly, the early detection of Acanthamoeba would contribute significantly to disease management and selection of an appropriate anti-amoebic therapy. Recently, the loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) method has been applied to the clinical diagnosis of a range of infectious diseases. Here, we describe a rapid and efficient LAMP-based method targeting Acanthamoeba 18S rDNA gene for the detection of Acanthamoeba using clinical ocular specimens in the diagnosis of AK. Acanthamoeba LAMP assays detected 11 different strains including all AK-associated species. The copy number detection limit for a positive signal was 10 DNA copies of 18S rDNA per reaction. No cross-reactivity with the DNA of fungi or other protozoa was observed. The sensitivity of LAMP assay was higher than those of Nelson primer PCR and JDP primer PCR. In the present study, LAMP assay based on directly heat-treated samples was found to be as efficient at detecting Acanthamoeba as DNA extracted using a commercial kit, whereas PCR was only effective when commercial kit-extracted DNA was used. This study showed that the devised Acanthamoeba LAMP assay could be used to diagnose AK in a simple, sensitive, and specific manner.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  Crossref logo
  • Ultrasensitive and rapid diagnostic tool for detection of Acanthamoeba castellanii
    Susanna Haapanen, Maarit S. Patrikainen, Seppo Parkkila
    Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease.2023; 107(2): 116014.     CrossRef
  • A simple and visible detection method for the rapid diagnosis of Ustilaginoidea virens in rice seeds by a loop‐mediated isothermal amplification assay
    Wei Wang, Hang Yin, Ning Huang, Cuijing Zhu, Yufei Wang, Xintong Qi, Lu Ma, Yunxin Fan, Yao Yu, Hongsheng Zhang, Yongmei Bao
    Journal of Phytopathology.2021; 169(6): 369.     CrossRef
  • Efficient nested-PCR-based method development for detection and genotype identification of Acanthamoeba from a small volume of aquatic environmental sample
    Tsui-Kang Hsu, Jung-Sheng Chen, Hsin-Chi Tsai, Chi-Wei Tao, Yu-Yin Yang, Ying-Chin Tseng, Yi-Jie Kuo, Dar-Der Ji, Jagat Rathod, Bing-Mu Hsu
    Scientific Reports.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Development of Visually Improved Loop Mediated Isothermal Amplification for the Diagnosis of Plasmodium vivax Malaria in a Tertiary Hospital in Chandigarh, North India
    Hargobinder Kaur, Rakesh Sehgal, Devendra Bansal, Ali A. Sultan, Ashish Bhalla, Sunit C. Singhi
    The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.2018; 98(5): 1374.     CrossRef
  • Detection of Acanthamoeba spp. in water samples collected from natural water reservoirs, sewages, and pharmaceutical factory drains using LAMP and PCR in China
    Anna Lass, Milena Guerrero, Xiuping Li, Gabriele Karanis, Liqing Ma, Panagiotis Karanis
    Science of The Total Environment.2017; 584-585: 489.     CrossRef
  • Water-borne protozoa parasites: The Latin American perspective
    Félix Manuel Rosado-García, Milena Guerrero-Flórez, Gabriele Karanis, María Del Carmen Hinojosa, Panagiotis Karanis
    International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health.2017; 220(5): 783.     CrossRef
  • Evaluation of Loop-mediated Isothermal Amplification Assay for Rapid Diagnosis of Acanthamoeba Keratitis
    Abhishek Mewara, Sumeeta Khurana, Shakila Yoonus, Kirti Megha, Parveen Tanwar, Amit Gupta, Rakesh Sehgal
    Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology.2017; 35(1): 90.     CrossRef
  • Acanthamoeba keratitis: improving the Scottish diagnostic service for the rapid molecular detection of Acanthamoeba species
    Claire Low Alexander, Michael Coyne, Brian Jones, Deepa Anijeet
    Journal of Medical Microbiology .2015; 64(7): 682.     CrossRef
  • Molecular diagnosis in clinical parasitology: When and why?
    Samson SY Wong, Kitty SC Fung, Sandy Chau, Rosana WS Poon, Sally CY Wong, Kwok-Yung Yuen
    Experimental Biology and Medicine.2014; 239(11): 1443.     CrossRef
  • 11,275 View
  • 96 Download
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Proliferation of Toxoplasma gondii Suppresses Host Cell Autophagy
Youn-Jin Lee, Hyun-Ouk Song, Young-Ha Lee, Jae-Sook Ryu, Myoung-Hee Ahn
Korean J Parasitol 2013;51(3):279-287.
Published online June 30, 2013
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2013.51.3.279

Autophagy is a process of cytoplasmic degradation of endogenous proteins and organelles. Although its primary role is protective, it can also contribute to cell death. Recently, autophagy was found to play a role in the activation of host defense against intracellular pathogens. The aims of our study was to investigate whether host cell autophagy influences Toxoplasma gondii proliferation and whether autophagy inhibitors modulate cell survival. HeLa cells were infected with T. gondii with and without rapamycin treatment to induce autophagy. Lactate dehydrogenase assays showed that cell death was extensive at 36-48 hr after infection in cells treated with T. gondii with or without rapamycin. The autophagic markers, LC3 II and Beclin 1, were strongly expressed at 18-24 hr after exposure as shown by Western blotting and RT-PCR. However, the subsequent T. gondii proliferation suppressed autophagy at 36 hr post-infection. Pre-treatment with the autophagy inhibitor, 3-methyladenine (3-MA), down-regulated LC3 II and Beclin 1. The latter was also down-regulated by calpeptin, a calpain inhibitor. Monodansyl cadaverine (MDC) staining detected numerous autophagic vacuoles (AVs) at 18 hr post-infection. Ultrastructural observations showed T. gondii proliferation in parasitophorous vacuoles (PVs) coinciding with a decline in the numbers of AVs by 18 hr. FACS analysis failed to confirm the presence of cell apoptosis after exposure to T. gondii and rapamycin. We concluded that T. gondii proliferation may inhibit host cell autophagy and has an impact on cell survival.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  Crossref logo
  • Modulation of autophagy as a therapeutic strategy for Toxoplasma gondii infection
    Ao Cheng, Huanan Zhang, Baike Chen, Shengyao Zheng, Hongyi Wang, Yijia Shi, Siyao You, Ming Li, Liping Jiang
    Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Myrislignan Induces Redox Imbalance and Activates Autophagy in Toxoplasma gondii
    Jili Zhang, Jia Chen, Kun Lv, Bing Li, Biqing Yan, Lei Gai, Chaolu Shi, Xinnian Wang, Hongfei Si, Jiyu Zhang
    Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • 4-Hydroxybenzaldehyde Restricts the Intracellular Growth of Toxoplasma gondii by Inducing SIRT1-Mediated Autophagy in Macrophages
    Jina lee, Jae-Won Choi, Hye Young Han, Woo Sik Kim, Ha-Yeon Song, Eui-Baek Byun, Eui-Hong Byun, Young-Ha Lee, Jae-Min Yuk
    The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2020; 58(1): 7.     CrossRef
  • Foot-and-mouth disease virus induces PERK mediated autophagy to suppress antiviral interferon response
    H. B. Ranjitha, Veena Ammanathan, Neha Guleria, Madhusudan Hosamani, B. P. Sreenivasa, V. V. Dhanesh, Rashmi Santhoshkumar, B. K. Chandrasekhar Sagar, B. P. Mishra, R. K. Singh, Aniket Sanyal, Ravi Manjithaya, Suresh H. Basagoudanavar
    Journal of Cell Science.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The Nrf2 pathway is required for intracellular replication ofToxoplasma gondiiin activated macrophages
    Yu Pang, Zhaoxia Zhang, Yuntong Chen, Shinuo Cao, Xiuqin Yang, Honglin Jia
    Parasite Immunology.2019;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Host-Toxoplasma gondii Coadaptation Leads to Fine Tuning of the Immune Response
    Thaís Rigueti Brasil, Celio Geraldo Freire-de-Lima, Alexandre Morrot, Andrea Cristina Vetö Arnholdt
    Frontiers in Immunology.2017;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Anti-Toxoplasmosis Effect of the Herbal Extracts Plantago asiatica L.
    Sunhwa Hong, Okjin Kim
    Korean Journal of Plant Resources.2016; 29(1): 26.     CrossRef
  • Autophagy activated by Toxoplasma gondii infection in turn facilitates Toxoplasma gondii proliferation
    Dongmei Gao, Jing Zhang, Jun Zhao, He Wen, Jiwen Pan, Shouzhu Zhang, Yong Fang, Xiuyi Li, Yu Cai, Xuelong Wang, Shiping Wang
    Parasitology Research.2014; 113(6): 2053.     CrossRef
  • Anti-Toxoplasmosis Effect of the Halophyte Suaeda maritime
    Sunhwa Hong, Hyun-A Lee, Yun-Seong Lee, Dong-Woo Kim, Jae-Hyeok Jeong, Tae-Wan Kim, Okjin Kim
    Korean Journal of Plant Resources.2014; 27(5): 415.     CrossRef
  • 12,001 View
  • 123 Download
  • Crossref
Age-Related CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Regulatory T-Cell Responses During Plasmodium berghei ANKA Infection in Mice Susceptible or Resistant to Cerebral Malaria
Ying Shan, Jun Liu, Yan-Yan Pan, Yong-Jun Jiang, Hong Shang, Ya-Ming Cao
Korean J Parasitol 2013;51(3):289-295.
Published online June 30, 2013
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2013.51.3.289

Different functions have been attributed to CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T-cells (Tregs) during malaria infection. Herein, we describe the disparity in Treg response and pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines during infection with Plasmodium berghei ANKA between young (3-week-old) and middle-aged (8-month-old) C57BL/6 mice. Young mice were susceptible to cerebral malaria (CM), while the middle-aged mice were resistant to CM and succumbed to hyperparasitemia and severe anemia. The levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α, in young CM-susceptible mice were markedly higher than in middle-aged CM-resistant mice. An increased absolute number of Tregs 3-5 days post-inoculation, co-occurring with elevated IL-10 levels, was observed in middle-aged CM-resistant mice but not in young CM-susceptible mice. Our findings suggest that Treg proliferation might be associated with the suppression of excessive pro-inflammatory Th1 response during early malaria infection, leading to resistance to CM in the middle-aged mice, possibly in an IL-10-dependent manner.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  Crossref logo
  • Contribution of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Studies to the Understanding of Cerebral Malaria Pathogenesis
    Alicia Comino Garcia-Munoz, Isabelle Varlet, Georges Emile Grau, Teodora-Adriana Perles-Barbacaru, Angèle Viola
    Pathogens.2024; 13(12): 1042.     CrossRef
  • Mechanistic insights into immunopathogenesis of murine cerebral malaria: Cues from “young” C57BL/6J and BALB/c mice
    Shweta Rai, Meetali Girdhar, Fouzia Siraj, Sheetal Sharma, Mukesh Kumar, Anju Katyal
    Immunology Letters.2023; 256-257: 9.     CrossRef
  • G6pd-Deficient Mice Are Protected From Experimental Cerebral Malaria and Liver Injury by Suppressing Proinflammatory Response in the Early Stage of Plasmodium berghei Infection
    Haoan Yi, Weiyang Jiang, Fang Yang, Fan Li, Yirong Li, Wenjing Zhu, Qing Li, Syed Hassam Fakhar, Yaming Cao, Lan Luo, Wen Zhang, Yongshu He
    Frontiers in Immunology.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The role of regulatory T cells during Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS infection in BALB/c mice
    W. Pang, X. Sun, H. Feng, J. Wang, L. Cui, Y. Cao
    Parasite Immunology.2016; 38(7): 439.     CrossRef
  • Phenylhydrazine administration accelerates the development of experimental cerebral malaria
    Xiaotong Zhu, Jun Liu, Yonghui Feng, Wei Pang, Zanmei Qi, Yongjun Jiang, Hong Shang, Yaming Cao
    Experimental Parasitology.2015; 156: 1.     CrossRef
  • Myeloid expression of the AP‐1 transcription factor JUNB modulates outcomes of type 1 and type 2 parasitic infections
    M. F. Fontana, A. Baccarella, D. Kellar, T. K. Oniskey, P. Terinate, S. D. Rosenberg, E. J. Huang, D. R. Herbert, C. C. Kim
    Parasite Immunology.2015; 37(9): 470.     CrossRef
  • Parasite densities modulate susceptibility of mice to cerebral malaria during co-infection with Schistosoma japonicum and Plasmodium berghei
    Mei-lian Wang, Yong-hui Feng, Wei Pang, Zan-mei Qi, Ying Zhang, Ya-jun Guo, En-jie Luo, Ya-ming Cao
    Malaria Journal.2014;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • 9,142 View
  • 89 Download
  • Crossref
Therapeutic Potential of Myrrh and Ivermectin against Experimental Trichinella spiralis Infection in Mice
Maha M.A. Basyoni, Abdel-Aleem A. El-Sabaa
Korean J Parasitol 2013;51(3):297-304.
Published online June 30, 2013
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2013.51.3.297

Trichinosis is a parasitic zoonosis caused by the nematode Trichinella spiralis. Anthelmintics are used to eliminate intestinal adults as well as tissue-migrating and encysted larvae. This study aimed to investigate the effects of ivermectin and myrrh obtained from the aloe-gum resin of Commiphora molmol on experimental trichinosis. Ninety albino mice were orally infected with 300 T. spiralis larvae. Drugs were tested against adult worms at day 0 and day 5 and against encysted larvae on day 15 and day 35 post-infection (PI). Mature worms and encysted larvae were counted in addition to histopathological examination of muscle specimens. Serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), total protein, albumin, globulin, urea, and creatinine values were estimated. Significant reductions in mean worm numbers were detected in ivermectin treated mice at day 0 and day 5 PI achieving efficacies of 98.5% and 80.0%, while efficacies of myrrh in treated mice were 80.7% and 51.5%, respectively. At days 15 and 35 post-infection, ivermectin induced significant reduction in encysted larval counts achieving efficacies of 76.5% and 54.0%, respectively, while myrrh efficacies were 76.6% and 35.0%, respectively. AST, ALT, urea, and creatinine levels were reduced, while total proteins were increased in response to both treatments compared to their values in the infected non-treated mice. Ivermectin use for controlling T. spiralis could be continued. Myrrh was effective and could be a promising drug against the Egyptian strains of T. spiralis with results nearly comparable to ivermectin.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  Crossref logo
  • Investigating therapeutic efficacy of silymarin on intestinal and muscular phases of trichinellosis: an experimental study
    Walaa Ramadan Waly, Mousa Abdel Gawad Mousa Ismail, Marwa Ahmed Ghieth, Samah Sayed Abdel Gawad, Eman Sayed El-Wakil, Wegdan Mohamed Abd El Wahab, Marwa Mohamed Ahmed, Amr M. A. Mousa, Mona Ibrahim Ali
    Journal of Parasitic Diseases.2025; 49(1): 111.     CrossRef
  • Molecular and serological assessment of the therapeutic efficacy of Ivermectin Loaded nanoparticles on Trichinella spiralis experimentally
    Howayda S.F. Moawad, Alaa M. Elgendy, Sabah M. A. Mohamed, Esraa S. Mousa, Raghda A. Moustafa, Amira Abd El-lateef Saleh
    Journal of Parasitic Diseases.2025; 49(2): 322.     CrossRef
  • Antitumor potential of ivermectin against T-cell lymphoma-bearing hosts
    Alok Shukla, Arpit Sharma, Shivani Gupta, Abha Mishra, Amit Singh
    Medical Oncology.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Metabolite profiling of Cucurbita pepo L. in relation to its potential to combat experimental trichinosis
    Nashwa R. Mohamed, Seham S. El-Hawary, Fatema R. Saber, Ibrahim E. Sallam, Shaimaa H. El-Sayed
    South African Journal of Botany.2025; 181: 380.     CrossRef
  • The impact of ivermectin-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles on the enteric phase of experimental trichinellosis
    S.K. Hammad, M.H. Almotayam, A.S.N. Mohamed, T.I. Farag
    Journal of Helminthology.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Silibinin enhanced the efficacy of albendazole in treating the muscular phase of experimental trichinellosis
    Mennat-Elrahman A. Fahmy, Marwa Esmat, Manal Badawi, Iman R. Abdel Shafi
    Tropical Animal Health and Production.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Therapeutic impact of Citrus paradisi peel extract on muscular trichinellosis: an in vivo study
    B. Ibrahim, E.S. El-Wakil, M. Esmat, A. Elghareeb, M. Ghareeb, M. Assem, N. Kamel
    Journal of Helminthology.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Promising therapeutic efficacy of nitazoxanide-loaded zinc oxide nano-formula against intestinal and muscular phases of experimental trichinellosis
    Nancy Abd-elkader Hagras, Fatma Hegab, Shimaa Atta, Reham A. Gadallah, Youssef Elsayed, Gehan A. M. Khodear, Subash Babu
    PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases.2025; 19(7): e0013239.     CrossRef
  • Assessment of the therapeutic impact of Allium sativum against the intestinal and intramuscular stages of murine trichinellosis
    S.K. Hammad, E.S. Elbahaie, B.H. Abdel-Hameed
    Journal of Helminthology.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Ivermectin Identified Using a High-Throughput Screening System Exhibits Anti-Clonorchis sinensis Activity in Rats
    Soon-Ok Lee, Hyeryon Lee, Ki Back Chu, Jianhua Li, Sung-Jong Hong, Sung Soo Kim, Joo Hwan No, Fu-Shi Quan
    Antibiotics.2025; 14(8): 837.     CrossRef
  • Efficacy of nitrofurantoin in treatment of murine model of trichinellosis
    Basma M. Elmansory, Hager S. Zoghroban, Dina M. El-Guindy, Dina A. El-Guindy
    Experimental Parasitology.2025; 277: 109022.     CrossRef
  • Nanocurcumin: A Promising Therapeutic Candidate for Experimental Trichinellosis
    Sara Salah Abdel-Hakeem, Mahmoud Abdel-Zaher Abdel-Samiee, Mohamed Salah Eldin Youssef, Shimaa Hamdi Abd-Elsadek, Salwa Mahmoud Abd-Elrahman, Sally Salah Abdel-Hakeem
    Microscopy and Microanalysis.2024; 30(2): 368.     CrossRef
  • Trichinella spiralis: A new parasitic target for curcumin nanoformulas in mice models
    Safaa Ibrahim Khedr, Maha Mohamed Gomaa, Nermine Mogahed Fawzy Hussien Mogahed, Ghada A. Gamea, Gehan A.M. Khodear, Eman Sheta, Nada A.H. Soliman, Amira A. El Saadany, Amina M. Salama
    Parasitology International.2024; 98: 102810.     CrossRef
  • Impact of atorvastatin and mesenchymal stem cells combined with ivermectin on murine trichinellosis
    Zeinab R. Hassan, Samar El-Sayed, Kareman M. Zekry, Samah Gouda Ahmed, Asmaa Hassan Abd-Elhamid, Doaa E. A. Salama, Azza Kamal Taha, Nihal A. Mahmoud, Shaymaa Fathy Mohammed, Mona M. Amin, Rasha Elsayed Mohamed, Ayat M. S. Eraque, Shimaa A. Mohamed, Ranya
    Parasitology Research.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The neuroprotective potential of curcumin on T. Spiralis infected mice
    Magda SA Abdeltawab, Iman R. Abdel-Shafi, Basma Emad Aboulhoda, Amal M. Mahfoz, Alshaimaa MR Hamed
    BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Nematocidal activity of chitosan nanoparticles conjugated with albendazole against the enteral and parenteral phases of trichinosis in experimentally infected mice
    Abeer A. Mahgoub, Ragaa A. Shoeb, Mohamed Sherif Negm, Hassan M. Ibrahim, Shaimaa H. El-Sayed, Mona M. Khater
    Journal of Parasitic Diseases.2024; 48(1): 141.     CrossRef
  • Light microscopical and parasitological analyses revealed the beneficial effects of silver nanoparticles and various myrrh extracts against Trichinella spiralis infection in mice
    Nahed A. Elossily, Salwa M. Abd‐ELrahman, Abeer A. Khedr, Ahmed K. Dyab, Abeer E. Mahmoud, Shaymaa M. Mohamed, Ahmed M. Abd Elrahman, Fahd M. Alsharif, Reem M. Alsaadawy, Ramy K. A. Sayed, Mervat M. Khalifa
    Microscopy Research and Technique.2024; 87(7): 1566.     CrossRef
  • Efficacy of silver nanoparticles against Trichinella spiralis in mice and the role of multivitamin in alleviating its toxicity
    Noha Madbouly Taha, Fady Sayed Youssef, Hend M. Auda, Mohamed M. El-Bahy, Reem M. Ramadan
    Scientific Reports.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Therapeutic Potential of Coriander (Coriandrum sativum) Seeds Extract Treatment on Hematological and Biochemical Parameters in Healthy and Trichinella spiralis Infected Mice
    Areej Jameel M. Alghabban
    Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal.2024; 17(1): 291.     CrossRef
  • Evaluation of anthelminthic and antiprotozoal activity of myrrh (Commiphora myrrha) methanolic extract
    S. Albasyouni, S. Al-Quraishy, N. Al-Hoshani, T. Al-Otaibi, E. M. Al-Shaebi, R. Abdel-Gaber
    Helminthologia.2024; 61(1): 1.     CrossRef
  • The potential prophylactic and therapeutic efficacy of progesterone and mifepristone on experimental trichinellosis with ultra-structural studies
    Doaa A. Hamdy, Enas Y. Abu-Sarea, Hala M. Elaskary, Eman Ahmed Abd Elmaogod, Gehad Abd-Elftah Abd-Allah, Heba Abdel-Tawab
    Experimental Parasitology.2024; 263-264: 108805.     CrossRef
  • ACV with/without IVM: a new talk on intestinal CDX2 and muscular CD34 and Cyclin D1 during Trichinella spiralis infection
    E. A. El Saftawy, B. E. Aboulhoda, F. E. Hassan, M. A. M. Ismail, M. A. Alghamdi, S. M. Hussein, N. M. Amin
    Helminthologia.2024; 61(2): 124.     CrossRef
  • Pumpkin seed oil: unveiling its potential in controlling inflammation and pathogenicity during experimental trichinellosis
    Sara Salah Abdel-Hakeem, Sulaiman Mohammed Alnasser, Alotaibi Meshal, Mahmoud Abdel-Zaher Abdel-Samiee, Mohamed Salah Eldin Youssef, Shimaa Hamdi Abd Elsadek, Salwa Mahmoud Abd-Elrahman
    BMC Veterinary Research.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of ellagic acid as a new therapy for Trichinella spiralis infection
    S.E. Ashoush, Z.M. Saeed, E.K. Soliman
    Journal of Helminthology.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Efficacy of myrrh extract against Eimeria labbeana-like experimental infection in Columba livia domestica: in vivo study
    Shurug Albasyouni, Afra Alharbi, Esam Al-Shaebi, Saleh Al Quraishy, Rewaida Abdel-Gaber
    BMC Veterinary Research.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Therapeutic efficacy of albendazole and berberine loaded on bovine serum albumin nanoparticles on intestinal and muscular phases of experimental trichinellosis
    Eman S. El-Wakil, Gehan A.M. Khodear, Heba Essam Sedky Ahmed, Gihane Ibrahim Khalil Ibrahim, Fatma Hegab, Sarah M. Abdo
    Acta Tropica.2023; 241: 106896.     CrossRef
  • Anti-helminthic effect of Punica granatum peel extract on Trichinella spiralis worms and muscle larvae: in vitro and in vivo studies
    Shaimaa H. El-Sayed, Soheir S. Mahmoud, Amal M. El-Shenawy, Hebat-Allah S. A. Yousof
    Journal of Parasitic Diseases.2023; 47(2): 416.     CrossRef
  • Evaluation of the therapeutic effect of Olibanum extract against enteric and intramuscular phases of trichinosis in experimentally infected mice
    A.M. Matar, M.A. Kora, S.S. Shendi
    Journal of Helminthology.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Repurposing drugs to treat trichinellosis: in vitro analysis of the anthelmintic activity of nifedipine and Chrysanthemum coronarium extract
    Mona Hasan El-Sayad, Eman Sayed El-Wakil, Zizi Hesham Moharam, Naglaa Fathi Abd El-Latif, Mosad A. Ghareeb, Heba Elhadad
    BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Acetazolamide loaded-silver nanoparticles: A potential treatment for murine trichinellosis
    E.F. Abdel Hamed, A.A. Taha, S.M. Abdel Ghany, A.A. Saleh, E.M. Fawzy
    Journal of Helminthology.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Impact of resveratrol and zinc on biomarkers of oxidative stress induced by Trichinella spiralis infection
    M.A. Salama, M.A. Alabiad, A.A. Saleh
    Journal of Helminthology.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Efficacy of Zingiber officinale and Cinnamomum zeylanicum extracts against experimental Trichinella spiralis infection
    Marwa Ahmed Mohamed Salama, Nahed E. Mostafa, Naglaa Fathy Abd El-Aal, Howayda Said Fouad Moawad, Samar Kamel Hammad, Rasha Adel, Eman M. Mostafa
    Journal of Parasitic Diseases.2022; 46(1): 24.     CrossRef
  • Investigation of the effect of the calcium channel blocker, verapamil, on the parasite burden, inflammatory response and angiogenesis in experimental Trichinella spiralis infection in mice
    Khadyga Hussein Abdel Fadil, Eman Mohammed Mahmoud, Saedia Abdel Hady Sayed El-Ahl, Amany Ahmed Abd-Elaal, Amal Abdel-Aziz M. El-Shafaey, Mohammed Sharaf El Din Zaky Badr, Yasmine Fathy Elesawy, Amal M. Mahfoz, Alshaimaa Mohamed Raafat Hamed, Iman Raafat
    Food and Waterborne Parasitology.2022; 26: e00144.     CrossRef
  • Could the COVID-19-Driven Increased Use of Ivermectin Lead to Incidents of Imbalanced Gut Microbiota and Dysbiosis?
    Leon M. T. Dicks, Shelly M. Deane, Matthew J. Grobbelaar
    Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins.2022; 14(2): 217.     CrossRef
  • Investigation of the effect of curcumin on oxidative stress, local inflammatory response, COX-2 expression, and microvessel density in Trichinella spiralis induced enteritis, myositis and myocarditis in mice
    A. M. R. Hamed, I. R. Abdel-Shafi, M. D. A. Elsayed, A. M. Mahfoz, S. E. Tawfeek, M. S. A. Abdeltawab
    Helminthologia.2022; 59(1): 18.     CrossRef
  • Phenotypic changes of Trichinella spiralis treated by Commiphora molmol,Lepidium sativum, and Albendazole: in vitro study
    G. L. Abuelenain, Z. H. Fahmy, A. M. Elshennawy, E. H. A. Selim, M. Elhakeem, K. M. A. Hassanein, S. M. Awad
    Helminthologia.2022; 59(1): 37.     CrossRef
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Hyperendemicity of Haplorchis taichui Infection among Riparian People in Saravane and Champasak Province, Lao PDR
Jong-Yil Chai, Tai-Soon Yong, Keeseon S. Eom, Duk-Young Min, Hyeong-Kyu Jeon, Tae-Yun Kim, Bong-Kwang Jung, Lay Sisabath, Bounnaloth Insisiengmay, Bounlay Phommasack, Han-Jong Rim
Korean J Parasitol 2013;51(3):305-311.
Published online June 30, 2013
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2013.51.3.305

In this study, we found that Haplorchis taichui, a heterophyid intestinal fluke, is highly prevalent, with heavy worm loads, among riparian people in Saravane and Champasak province, Lao PDR. Fecal specimens were collected from 1,460 people (717 men and 743 women) in 12 riparian (Mekong river) districts and were examined by the Kato-Katz fecal smear technique. The overall helminth egg positive rate was 78.8% and 66.4% in Saravane and Champasak province, respectively. The positive rate for small trematode eggs (STE), which included H. taichui and other heterophyids, Opisthorchis viverrini, and lecithodendriids, was 69.9% and 46.3% in Saravane and Champasak province, respectively. To obtain adult flukes, 30 STE-positive people were treated with 40 mg/kg praziquantel and then purged. Whole diarrheic stools were collected 4-5 times for each person and searched for fluke specimens using a stereomicroscope. Mixed infections with various species of trematodes (H. taichui, Haplorchis pumilio, O. viverrini, Prosthodendrium molenkampi, Centrocestus formosanus, and Echinochasmus japonicus) and a species of cestode (Taenia saginata) were found. However, the worm load was exceptionally high for H. taichui compared with other trematode species, with an average of 21,565 and 12,079 specimens per infected person in Saravane and Champasak province, respectively, followed by H. pumilio (41.9 and 22.5, respectively) and O. viverrini (9.4 and 1.5, respectively). These results show that diverse species of intestinal and liver flukes are prevalent among riparian people in Saravane and Champasak province, Lao PDR, with H. taichui being the exceptionally dominant species.

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Serodiagnosis of Echinococcosis by ELISA Using Cystic Fluid from Uzbekistan Sheep
Yan Jin, Khikmat Anvarov, Abdukhakim Khajibaev, Samin Hong, Sung-Tae Hong
Korean J Parasitol 2013;51(3):313-317.
Published online June 30, 2013
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2013.51.3.313

According to increase of travel, the cases of imported echinococcosis have been increasing in Korea. The present study was undertaken to develop a serodiagnostic system for echinococcosis in Korea. For diagnosis of echinococcosis, the fluid of Echinococcus granulosus hydatid cysts was collected from naturally infected sheep in Uzbekistan. Also serum samples of infected patients who were surgically confirmed were collected in a hospital in Tashkent, Uzbekistan. According to the absorbance of 59 echinococcosis positive and 39 negative control serum samples, the cut-off value was determined as 0.27. The sensitivity and specificity of ELISA with hydatid fluid antigen were 91.5% and 96%, respectively. The antigen cross-reacted with the serum of some cysticercosis or clonorchiasis patients. However, immunoblot analysis on the cystic fluid recognized antigenic proteins of 7-, 16-, and 24-kDa bands in their dominant protein quantity and strong blotting reactivity. In conclusion, the present ELISA system using hydatid cyst fluid antigen from Uzbekistan sheep is sensitive and specific for diagnosis of echinococcosis cases.

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    The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2015; 53(6): 699.     CrossRef
  • Infection Status of Hydatid Cysts in Humans and Sheep in Uzbekistan
    Sung-Tae Hong, Yan Jin, Khikmat Anvarov, Abdukhakim Khadjibaev, Samin Hong, Yusufjon Ahmedov, Utkir Otaboev
    The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2013; 51(3): 383.     CrossRef
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Seasonal Distribution of Ticks in Four Habitats near the Demilitarized Zone, Gyeonggi-do (Province), Republic of Korea
Sung Tae Chong, Heung Chul Kim, In-Yong Lee, Thomas M. Kollars, Alfredo R. Sancho, William J. Sames, Joon-Seok Chae, Terry A. Klein
Korean J Parasitol 2013;51(3):319-325.
Published online June 30, 2013
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2013.51.3.319

This study describes the seasonal distribution of larvae, nymph, and adult life stages for 3 species of ixodid ticks collected by tick drag and sweep methods from various habitats in the Republic of Korea (ROK). Grasses less than 0.5 m in height, including herbaceous and crawling vegetation, and deciduous, conifer, and mixed forests with abundant leaf/needle litter were surveyed at United States (US) and ROK operated military training sites and privately owned lands near the demilitarized zone from April-October, 2004 and 2005. Haemaphysalis longicornis Neumann adults and nymphs were more frequently collected from April-August, while those of Haemaphysalis flava Neumann and Ixodes nipponensis Kitaoka and Saito were collected more frequently from April-July and again during October. H. longicornis was the most frequently collected tick in grass habitats (98.9%), while H. flava was more frequently collected in deciduous (60.2%) and conifer (57.4%) forest habitats. While more H. flava (54.1%) were collected in mixed forest habitats than H. longicornis (35.2%), the differences were not significant. I. nipponensis was more frequently collected from conifer (mean 8.8) compared to deciduous (3.2) and mixed (2.4) forests.

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Screening and Molecular Cloning of a Protective Antigen from the Midgut of Haemaphysalis longicornis
Yonghong Hu, Jincheng Zhang, Shujie Yang, Hui Wang, Hua Zeng, Tiantian Zhang, Jingze Liu
Korean J Parasitol 2013;51(3):327-334.
Published online June 30, 2013
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2013.51.3.327

Vaccination is considered a promising alternative for controlling tick infestations. Haemaphysalis longicornis midgut proteins separated by SDS-PAGE and transferred to polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) membrane were screened for protective value against bites. The western blot demonstrated the immunogenicity of 92 kDa protein (P92). The analysis of the P92 amino acid sequence by LC-MS/MS indicated that it was a H. longicornis paramyosin (Hl-Pmy). The full lenghth cDNA of Hl-Pmy was obtained by rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) which consisted of 2,783 bp with a 161 bp 3' untranslated region. Sequence alignment of tick paramyosin (Pmy) showed that Hl-Pmy shared a high level of conservation among ticks. Comparison with the protective epitope sequence of other invertebrate Pmy, it was calculated that the protective epitope of Hl-Pmy was a peptide (LEEAEGSSETVVEMNKKRDTE) named LEE, which was close to the N-terminal of Hl-Pmy protein. The secondary structure analysis suggested that LEE had non-helical segments within an α-helical structure. These results provide the basis for developing a vaccine against biting H. longicornis ticks.

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Case Reports

Fatal Balamuthia Amebic Encephalitis in a Healthy Child: A Case Report with Review of Survival Cases
A. Krasaelap, S. Prechawit, J. Chansaenroj, P. Punyahotra, T. Puthanakit, K. Chomtho, S. Shuangshoti, J. Amornfa, Y. Poovorawan
Korean J Parasitol 2013;51(3):335-341.
Published online June 30, 2013
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2013.51.3.335

Balamuthia mandrillaris is one of the 4 amebas in fresh water and soil that cause diseases in humans. Granulomatous amebic encephalitis (GAE), caused by B. mandrillaris, is a rare but life-threatening condition. A 4-year-old, previously healthy, Thai girl presented with progressive headache and ataxia for over a month. Neuroimaging studies showed an infiltrative mass at the right cerebellar hemisphere mimicking a malignant cerebellar tumor. The pathological finding after total mass removal revealed severe necrotizing inflammation, with presence of scattered amebic trophozoites. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) obtained from lumbar puncture showed evidence of non-specific inflammation without identifiable organisms. A combination of pentamidine, sulfasalazine, fluconazole, and clarithromycin had been initiated promptly before PCR confirmed the diagnosis of Balamuthia amebic encephalitis (BAE). The patient showed initial improvement after the surgery and combined medical treatment, but gradually deteriorated and died of multiple organ failure within 46 days upon admission despite early diagnosis and treatment. In addition to the case, 10 survivors of BAE reported in the PubMed database were briefly reviewed in an attempt to identify the possible factors leading to survival of the patients diagnosed with this rare disease.

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    Kareem W Shehab, Khalid Aboul-Nasr, Sean P Elliott
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    Eileen C. Farnon, Kenneth E. Kokko, Philip J. Budge, Chukwuma Mbaeyi, Emily C. Lutterloh, Yvonne Qvarnstrom, Alexandre J. da Silva, Wun-Ju Shieh, Sharon L. Roy, Christopher D. Paddock, Rama Sriram, Sherif R. Zaki, Govinda S. Visvesvara, Matthew J. Kuehner
    Clinical Infectious Diseases.2016; 63(7): 878.     CrossRef
  • Denouement

    Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal.2014; 33(9): 995.     CrossRef
  • Balamuthia mandrillaris in South America: An emerging potential hidden pathogen in Perú
    Alfonso M. Cabello-Vílchez, Salvador Rodríguez-Zaragoza, José Piñero, Basilio Valladares, Jacob Lorenzo-Morales
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    Jacob Lorenzo-Morales, Alfonso Martín Cabello-Vílchez, Carmen Mª Martín-Navarro, Enrique Martínez-Carretero, José E. Piñero, Basilio Valladares
    Trends in Parasitology.2013; 29(10): 483.     CrossRef
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Gnathostoma spinigerum Infection in the Upper Lip of a Korean Woman: An Autochthonous Case in Korea
Jae Hee Kim, Hyemi Lim, Young-Sang Hwang, Tae Yeon Kim, Eun Mee Han, Eun-Hee Shin, Jong-Yil Chai
Korean J Parasitol 2013;51(3):343-347.
Published online June 30, 2013
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2013.51.3.343

Autochthonous human gnathostomiasis had never been reported in the Republic of Korea. We report here a case of Gnathostoma spinigerum infection in a 32-year-old Korean woman, presumed to have been infected via an indigenous route. The patient had experienced a painful migratory swelling near the left nasolabial fold area of the face for a year, with movement of the swelling to the mucosal area of the upper lip 2 weeks before surgical removal of the lesion. Histopathological examinations of the extracted tissue revealed inflammation with heavy eosinophilic infiltrations and sections of a nematode suggestive of a Gnathostoma sp. larva. The larva characteristically revealed about 25 intestinal cells with multiple (3-6) nuclei in each intestinal cell consistent with the 3rd-stage larva of G. spinigerum. The patient did not have any special history of travel abroad except a recent trip, 4 months before surgery, to China where she ate only cooked food. The patient is the first recorded autochthonous case of G. spinigerum infection in Korea.

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  • Imported parasitic diseases in the Republic of Korea: status and issues
    Jong-Yil Chai
    Journal of the Korean Medical Association.2025; 68(1): 52.     CrossRef
  • Parasitic Diseases of Upper Gastrointestinal Tract
    Heung Up Kim
    The Korean Journal of Helicobacter and Upper Gastrointestinal Research.2024; 24(2): 127.     CrossRef
  • A case of vocal cord gnathostomiasis diagnosed with sectional morphologies in a histopathological specimen from a Chinese woman living in Korea
    Doo Sik Park, Eun Hyun Cho, Kyung Hoon Park, Soo Min Jo, Bumjung Park, Sun Huh
    Parasites, Hosts and Diseases.2023; 61(3): 298.     CrossRef
  • Morphological and Phylogenetic Analysis of Eustrongylides sp. and Gnathostoma spinigerum Parasitizing the Asian Swamp Eel Monopterusalbus in China
    Sixin Zhang, Guangping Huang, Liang Li, Xianyong Liu, Xiaoli Tang, Xun Suo
    Pathogens.2021; 10(6): 711.     CrossRef
  • Human gnathostomiasis: a neglected food-borne zoonosis
    Guo-Hua Liu, Miao-Miao Sun, Hany M. Elsheikha, Yi-Tian Fu, Hiromu Sugiyama, Katsuhiko Ando, Woon-Mok Sohn, Xing-Quan Zhu, Chaoqun Yao
    Parasites & Vectors.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Gnathostomiasis: an emerging infectious disease relevant to all dermatologists
    Francisco Bravo, Bernardo Gontijo
    Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia.2018; 93(2): 172.     CrossRef
  • Imported gnathostomiasis manifesting as cutaneous larva migrans and Löffler’s syndrome
    William L. Hamilton, Daniel Agranoff
    BMJ Case Reports.2018; 2018: bcr-2017-223132.     CrossRef
  • Gnathostomiasis: an Emerging Infection of Raw Fish Consumers in Gnathostoma Nematode-Endemic and Nonendemic Countries
    James H. Diaz
    Journal of Travel Medicine.2015; 22(5): 318.     CrossRef
  • 10,931 View
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A Giant Hydatid Cyst in the Interventricular Septum with Papillary Muscle Involvement
Feridoun Sabzi, Reza Faraji
Korean J Parasitol 2013;51(3):349-352.
Published online June 30, 2013
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2013.51.3.349

We present here a 44-year-old male patient with hydatid disease who was referred to our hospital due to dyspnea and chest pain for the last 2 month before admission. Using echocardiography and contrast-enhanced computed tomography the heart hydatid was diagnosed. However, hydatid disease of the interventricular septum is rare; particularly, the involvement of mitral apparatus with mitral regurgitation (MR) is an exceptionally rare presentation. Early diagnosis and an integrated treatment strategy are crucial. Surgical excision was performed and the patient had an uneventful recovery and follow-up at 3 months.

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  • A cardiac hydatid cyst mimicking a pericardial tumour in a paediatric case
    Taliha Oner, Oktay Korun, Ahmet Celebi
    Cardiology in the Young.2019; 29(2): 244.     CrossRef
  • Cardiac hydatid cyst in the interventricular septum: A literature review
    S. Fennira, S. Kamoun, B. Besbes, I. Ben Mrad, I. Zairi, F. Ben Moussa, K. Mzoughi, S. Kraiem
    International Journal of Infectious Diseases.2019; 88: 120.     CrossRef
  • eComment. New horizons in diagnosing and managing cardiac echinococcosis
    Tomislav Mestrovic, Mario Sviben
    Interactive CardioVascular and Thoracic Surgery.2018; 26(2): 359.     CrossRef
  • Analysis of Lethality in Echinococcal Disease
    Anna S. Khachatryan
    The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2017; 55(5): 549.     CrossRef
  • Prevalence of Hydatid Cyst in Slaughtered Livestock in Kermanshah (West Iran)
    Reza Faraji, Gholam Reza Javadi, Parisa Mohamadi Barshahi, Fereshte Ahmadian, Mohammadtaghi Sarebanhassanabadi, Ali Dehghani Firoozabadi, Abdol Rasoul Moloudi
    Advances in Microbiology.2015; 05(04): 252.     CrossRef
  • eComment. Evidence-based diagnosis and treatment of intraaortic cystic echinococcosis
    Tomislav Mestrovic, Mario Sviben
    Interactive CardioVascular and Thoracic Surgery.2015; 21(4): 549.     CrossRef
  • 8,303 View
  • 50 Download
  • Crossref
Brief Communications
Cryptosporidium hominis Infection Diagnosed by Real-Time PCR-RFLP
Hyeng-Il Cheun, Kyungjin Kim, Sejoung Yoon, Won-Ja Lee, Woo-Yoon Park, Seobo Sim, Jae-Ran Yu
Korean J Parasitol 2013;51(3):353-355.
Published online June 30, 2013
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2013.51.3.353

There are approximately 20 known species of the genus Cryptosporidium, and among these, 8 infect immunocompetent or immunocompromised humans. C. hominis and C. parvum most commonly infect humans. Differentiating between them is important for evaluating potential sources of infection. We report here the development of a simple and accurate real-time PCR-based restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) method to distinguish between C. parvum and C. hominis. Using the CP2 gene as the target, we found that both Cryptosporidium species yielded 224 bp products. In the subsequent RFLP method using TaqI, 2 bands (99 and 125 bp) specific to C. hominis were detected. Using this method, we detected C. hominis infection in 1 of 21 patients with diarrhea, suggesting that this method could facilitate the detection of C. hominis infections.

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  • Causes of acute gastroenteritis in Korean children between 2004 and 2019
    Eell Ryoo
    Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics.2021; 64(6): 260.     CrossRef
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    Jennifer K. O'Leary, Roy D. Sleator, Brigid Lucey
    Food and Waterborne Parasitology.2021; 24: e00131.     CrossRef
  • Comparison of Three Real-Time PCR Assays Targeting the SSU rRNA Gene, the COWP Gene and the DnaJ-Like Protein Gene for the Diagnosis of Cryptosporidium spp. in Stool Samples
    Felix Weinreich, Andreas Hahn, Kirsten Alexandra Eberhardt, Torsten Feldt, Fred Stephen Sarfo, Veronica Di Cristanziano, Hagen Frickmann, Ulrike Loderstädt
    Pathogens.2021; 10(9): 1131.     CrossRef
  • Lateral Flow Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Test with Stem Primers: Detection ofCryptosporidiumSpecies in Kenyan Children Presenting with Diarrhea
    Timothy S. Mamba, Cecilia K. Mbae, Johnson Kinyua, Erastus Mulinge, Gitonga Nkanata Mburugu, Zablon K. Njiru
    Journal of Tropical Medicine.2018; 2018: 1.     CrossRef
  • Expression and Purification of gp40/15 Antigen of Cryptosporidium parvum Parasite in Escherichia coli: an Innovative Approach in Vaccine Production
    Hossein Sobati, Habib Jasor-Gharebagh, Hossein Honari
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    Semie Hong, Kyungjin Kim, Sejoung Yoon, Woo-Yoon Park, Seobo Sim, Jae-Ran Yu
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  • 10,251 View
  • 145 Download
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Prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii Infection in Household Cats in Korea and Risk Factors
Sung-Hee Hong, Young-Il Jeong, Jae-Young Kim, Shin-Hyeong Cho, Won-Ja Lee, Sang-Eun Lee
Korean J Parasitol 2013;51(3):357-361.
Published online June 30, 2013
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2013.51.3.357

Several epidemiological surveys have reported the prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in stray cats in Korea, but little information is available on T. gondii infection in household cats. The aim of the present study was to assess the prevalence and risk factors of T. gondii infection among household cats reared in Seoul, Korea. A total of 474 blood samples were collected from clinically healthy household cats. All samples were tested using ELISA and PCR. The risk factor analysis was based on a questionnaire filled out by the owners. The overall positive rate for ELISA and PCR assays was 2.2% (10/437) and 2.1% (10/474), respectively. With regard to the origin of cats, the positive rates among cats adopted from the animal shelter and veterinary clinic for stray cats were significantly different (P<0.05). Our study demonstrated that the positive rate of T. gondii infection in household cats was low and that this low prevalence was assumed to be associated with keeping the cats indoors and restriction of eating raw food and uncooked meat. Therefore, we suggest that the owners check the origin of the cats prior to adoption to prevent infection of other animals, including humans.

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  • Prevalence of selected infectious agents in Swedish cats with fever and/or anemia compared to cats without fever and/or anemia and to stable/stray cats
    Gunilla Ölmedal, Linda Toresson, Mary Nehring, Jennifer Hawley, Sue Vande Woude, Michael Lappin
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  • Seroprevalence of and Risk Factors for Toxoplasma gondii Infection in Cats from Greece
    Kassiopi Christina G. Kokkinaki, Manolis N. Saridomichelakis, Mathios E. Mylonakis, Leonidas Leontides, Panagiotis G. Xenoulis
    Animals.2023; 13(7): 1173.     CrossRef
  • Establishment and application of an iELISA detection method for measuring apical membrane antigen 1 (AMA1) antibodies of Toxoplasma gondii in cats
    Yafan Gao, Yu Shen, Jiyuan Fan, Haojie Ding, Bin Zheng, Haijie Yu, Siyang Huang, Qingming Kong, Hangjun Lv, Xunhui Zhuo, Shaohong Lu
    BMC Veterinary Research.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii Measured by Western Blot, ELISA and DNA Analysis, by PCR, in Cats of Western Mexico
    María de la Luz Galván-Ramírez, Claudia Charles-Niño, César Pedroza-Roldán, Carolina Salazar-Reveles, Karen Lissete Ocampo-Figueroa, Laura Roció Rodríguez-Pérez, Varinia Margarita Paez-Magallán
    Pathogens.2022; 11(1): 109.     CrossRef
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    Tawin Inpankaew, Panpicha Sattasathuchana, Chanya Kengradomkij, Naris Thengchaisri
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    J.P. Dubey, C.K. Cerqueira-Cézar, F.H.A. Murata, O.C.H. Kwok, Y.R. Yang, C. Su
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  • Seroprevalence and Risk Factors of Toxoplasma gondii Infection among Cat Sitters in Korea
    Bong-Kwang Jung, Hyemi Song, Sang-Eun Lee, Min-Jae Kim, Jaeeun Cho, Eun-Hee Shin, Jong-Yil Chai
    The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2017; 55(2): 203.     CrossRef
  • Serological and Molecular Detection of Toxoplasma gondii and Babesia microti in the Blood of Rescued Wild Animals in Gangwon-do (Province), Korea
    Sung-Hee Hong, Hee-Jong Kim, Young-Il Jeong, Shin-Hyeong Cho, Won-Ja Lee, Jong-Tak Kim, Sang-Eun Lee
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  • Molecular investigation on the occurrence of Toxoplasma gondii oocysts in cat feces using TOX-element and ITS-1 region targets
    W. Chemoh, N. Sawangjaroen, V. Nissapatorn, N. Sermwittayawong
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  • <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> B1 Gene Detection in Feces of Stray Cats around Seoul, Korea and Genotype Analysis of Two Laboratory-Passaged Isolates
    Bong-Kwang Jung, Sang-Eun Lee, Hyemi Lim, Jaeeun Cho, Deok-Gyu Kim, Hyemi Song, Min-Jae Kim, Eun-Hee Shin, Jong-Yil Chai
    The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2015; 53(3): 259.     CrossRef
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    Kenneth Hammond-Aryee, Monika Esser, Lesley van Helden, Paul van Helden
    Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases.2015; 30(4): 141.     CrossRef
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Prevalence and Genetic Characterization of Toxoplasma gondii in House Sparrows (Passer domesticus) in Lanzhou, China
Wei Cong, Si-Yang Huang, Dong-Hui Zhou, Xiao-Xuan Zhang, Nian-Zhang Zhang, Quan Zhao, Xing-Quan Zhu
Korean J Parasitol 2013;51(3):363-367.
Published online June 30, 2013
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2013.51.3.363

The prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in birds has epidemiological significance because birds are indeed considered as a good indicator of environmental contamination by T. gondii oocysts. In this study, the prevalence of T. gondii in 313 house sparrows in Lanzhou, northwestern China was assayed by the modified agglutination test (MAT). Antibodies to T. gondii were positive in 39 (12.46%) of 313 samples (MAT titer ≥ 1:5). Tissues of heart, brain, and lung from the 39 seropositive house sparrows were tested for T. gondii DNA, 11 of which were found to be positive for the T. gondii B1 gene by PCR amplification. These positive DNA samples were typed at 9 genetic markers, including 8 nuclear loci, i.e., SAG1, 5'- and 3'-SAG2, alternative SAG2, SAG3, GRA6, L358, PK1, c22-8 and an apicoplast locus Apico. Of them, 4 isolates were genotyped with complete data for all loci, and 2 genotypes (Type II variants; ToxoDB #3 and a new genotype) were identified. These results showed that there is a potential risk for human infection with T. gondii in this region. To our knowledge, this is the first report of T. gondii seroprevalence in house sparrows in China.

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  • Genetic characterization of Toxoplasma gondii from pigs from different localities in China by PCR-RFLP
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The present study was performed to trace the decisive evidence for mixed infection of 2 Myxobolus species, M. episquamalis and Myxobolus sp., in the gray mullet, Mugil cephalus, from Korean waters. Mullets with whitish cyst-like plasmodia on their scales were collected near a sewage plant in Yeosu, southern part of Korea, in 2009. The cysts were mainly located on scales and also found in the intestine. The spores from scales were oval in a frontal view, tapering anteriorly to a blunt apex, and measured 7.2 ?m (5.8-8.0) in length and 5.3 ?m (4.7-6.1) in width. Two polar capsules were pyriform and extended over the anterior half of the spore, measuring 3.5 ?m (2.3-4.8) in length and 2.0 ?m (1.5-2.2) in width. In contrast, the spores from the intestine were ellipsoidal, 10.4 ?m (9.0-11.9) in length and 8.4 ?m (7.3-10.1) in width. The polar capsules were pyriform but did not extend over the anterior half of the spore, 3.7 ?m (2.5-4.5) in length and 2.2 ?m (1.8-2.9) in width. The nucleotide sequences of the 18S rDNA gene of the 2 myxosporean spores from scales and intestine showed 88.1% identity to each other and 100% identity with M. episquamalis and 94.5% identity with M. spinacurvatura from mullet, respectively. By the above findings, it is first confirmed that mullets from the Korean water are infected with 2 myxosporean species, M. episquamalis and Myxobolus sp.

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In the present study, we first report the seroprevalence of Dirofilaria immitis in dogs in Shenyang, northeastern China. Sera from 528 randomly selected dogs were examined for D. immitis antigen using SNAP®4Dx test kit; 12.7% tested showed seropositive. No significant difference of infection was observed in different genders and breeds (P>0.05), but the difference was significant in different age groups and rearing conditions (P<0.05). The result suggested that the risk of exposure to D. immitis in dogs is high in Shenyang, and should be given attention.

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Published online June 30, 2013
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To know the status of sparganum (plerocercoid of Spirometra erinacei) infection in the Korean wild life, several species of wild animals were captured in Gangwon-do and examined for their status of infection with spargana. From February to December 2011, a total of 62 wild boars, 5 badgers, 1 weasel, 1 Siberian chipmunk, and 53 wild rodents were captured, and their whole muscles were examined with naked eyes for the presence of spargana worms. From the weasel and 1 wild boar, a total of 5 spargana specimens were extracted. The weasel was for the first time recorded as an intermediate or paratenic/transport host of S. erinacei in Korea, and both the weasel (Mustela sibirica manchurica) and wild boar (Sus scrofa) were added to the list of wild animals carrying spargana.

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Uzbekistan is endemic of cystic echinococcosis (CE). In order to estimate endemicity of CE, we collected data from emergency surgery due to CE in 2002-2010 and also investigated the prevalence of hydatid cysts in the liver and lungs of sheep at an abattoir in Uzbekistan from July 2009 to June 2010. In 14 emergency hospitals, 8,014 patients received surgical removal or drainage of CE during 2002-2010, and 2,966 patients were found in 2010. A total of 22,959 sheep were grossly examined of their liver and lungs, and 479 (2.1%) and 340 (1.5%) of them were positive for the cyst in the liver and lungs, respectively. Echinococcus granulosus is actively transmitted both to humans and sheep, and CE is a zoonotic disease of public health priority in Uzbekistan.

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