Parasites, Hosts and Diseases

"Hoo-Gn Jeoung"

Brief Communications

Enterobius vermicularis Infection among Preschool Children: A 12-Year (2008-2019) Survey in Large Cities and Provinces of the Republic of Korea: Hyejoo Shin, Bong-Kwang Jung, Seungwan Ryoo, Sooji Hong, Taehee Chang, Jiyeon Park, Keon Hoon Lee, Jeonggyu Lee, Jae Young Park, Hoo-Gn Jeoung, Jae Hyun Cho, Jong-Yil Chai; Korean J Parasitol 2021;59(4):421-426.
Published online August 18, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2021.59.4.421

Abstract
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A 12-year nationwide survey (2008-2019) was performed to investigate the prevalence of Enterobius vermicularis infection among preschool children in Seoul, 4 large cites (Busan, Incheon, Daegu, and Ulsan), and 9 provinces (grouped into 5 localities) in the Republic of Korea (=Korea). The survey was carried out once a year by 16 regional offices of the Korea Association of Health Promotion. The cello-tape perianal swab method (1 smear per child) was applied to detect eggs of E. vermicularis and other helminths. According to the results, the egg positive rate of E. vermicularis infection in 2008-2009 was 1.8-2.0%, but it decreased gradually to 0.6% in 2019 (P<0.05). The prevalence was significantly higher in boys (0.7-5.0%, mean 1.8%) than in girls (0.5-2.8%, mean 1.3%) (P<0.05). The 2 most southern localities, Jejudo (Province) and Jeolla-do (inclusive of Jeollabuk-do and Jeollanam-do) and a mid-western province, Gyeonggi-do, revealed higher prevalences, whereas Seoul and Gangwon-do showed lower prevalences. The results indicate that a low-grade prevalence of E. vermicularis infection (less than 4%) has been maintained for the recent 12 years among preschool children in Korea. Continuous monitoring of enterobiasis in the child age group is necessary in Korea.

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Alexander K.C. Leung, Joseph M. Lam, Benjamin Barankin, Alex H.C. Wong, Kin F. Leong, Kam L. Hon
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2023년 국내 장내기생충 감염 조사
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Association Between Anthropometric and Hematological Parameters and the Diagnosis of Intestinal Parasitosis in Low-Income Children
Bruno Freire, Alessandra Marques Sohn, Ricardo Rojas-Humpire, Salomon Huancahuire-Vega
Children.2024; 11(12): 1416. CrossRef
Positive rates for Enterobius vermicularis eggs among preschool children in Yeosu-si, Jeollanam-do, Korea (2017-2021)
Myoung-Ro Lee, Hee-Eun Shin, Seon-Ok Back, Young-Ju Lee, Jung-Won Ju, Chun Soon Park, Hee-Il Lee
Parasites, Hosts and Diseases.2023; 61(1): 84. CrossRef

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Effect of Mass Drug Administration with a Single Dose of Albendazole on Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura Infection among Schoolchildren in Yangon Region, Myanmar: Jong-Yil Chai, Woon-Mok Sohn, Sung-Jong Hong, Bong-Kwang Jung, Sooji Hong, Seon Cho, Jong-Bok Park, In-Sung Kim, Sunkyoung Kim, Keon-Hoon Lee, Hoo-Gn Jeoung, Thi Thi Htoon, Htay Htay Tin; Korean J Parasitol 2020;58(2):195-200.
Published online April 30, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2020.58.2.195

Abstract
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Soil-transmitted helminths, including Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura, are important intestinal parasites mostly affecting younger people in developing countries. In 2014-2015, we performed mass fecal examinations targeting a total of 2,227 schoolchildren in 3 districts (South Dagon, North Dagon, and Hlaing-thar-yar) of Yangon Region, Myanmar, using the Kato-Katz thick smear technique. The egg positive children were subjected to a mass drug administration (MDA) using a single oral dose of 400 mg albendazole. The pre-treatment egg positive rate (EPG/person) of A. lumbricoides averaged 17.2% (15,532); it was 25.2% (21,796), 14.2% (11,816), and 12.8% (12,983) in 3 districts, respectively, and that of T. trichiura averaged 19.4% (1,074), and was 24.1% (1,040), 12.3% (852), and 21.2% (1,330) in 3 districts, respectively. Follow-up fecal examinations performed 4 months post-MDA revealed considerable decreases of A. lumbricoides prevalence (EPG/person) to av. 8.3% (12,429), and 13.7% (17,640), 8.0% (7,797), and 4.5% (11,849) in 3 districts, respectively. However, T. trichiura did not show any recognizable decrease in the prevalence (EPG/person) remaining at av. 18.2% (862), and 18.5% (888), 11.5% (812), and 23.3% (887) in 3 districts, respectively. The results demonstrated difficulty in short-term control of T. trichiura by MDA using albendazole and suggested necessity of either a long-term MDA (>10 years) or changing the albendazole regimen into 2~3-day course (total 800 or 1,200 mg), or using an alternative drug/drug combination.

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Standard- and large-sized eggs of Trichuris trichiura in the feces of schoolchildren in the Yangon Region, Myanmar: Morphological and molecular analyses
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Annie L. Braseth, David E. Elliott, M. Nedim Ince
Gastroenterology Clinics of North America.2021; 50(2): 361. CrossRef
Albendazole and Mebendazole as Anti-Parasitic and Anti-Cancer Agents: an Update
Jong-Yil Chai, Bong-Kwang Jung, Sung-Jong Hong
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Occurrence of gastrointestinal helminths and the first molecular detection of Ancylostoma ceylanicum, Trichuris trichiura, and Trichuris vulpis in dogs in Myanmar
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The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2021; 59(6): 607. CrossRef
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Silvia Carolina Barbosa Valenzuela, Maite Lubian Nieto del Río, Daniela Ramirez, José Ariza Daza, Wilmar Montañez Coronado, Laura Alvarado
Revista colombiana de Gastroenterología.2021; 36(4): 514. CrossRef
Larval Gnathostomes and Zoonotic Trematode Metacercariae in Fish from a Local Market in Yangon City, Myanmar
Jong-Yil Chai, Bong-Kwang Jung, Keon Hoon Lee, Jin-Youp Ryu, Hyeon-Seung Kim, Sung-Jong Hong, Thi Thi Htoon, Htay Htay Tin, Byoung-Kuk Na, Woon-Mok Sohn
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2020; 58(6): 701. CrossRef

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Original Articles

Epidemiological Survey on Schistosomiasis and Intestinal Helminthiasis among Village Residents of the Rural River Basin Area in White Nile State, Sudan: Young-Ha Lee, Jin-Su Lee, Hoo-Gn Jeoung, In-Sun Kwon, Abd Al Wahab Saed Mohamed, Sung-Tae Hong; Korean J Parasitol 2019;57(2):135-144.
Published online April 30, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2019.57.2.135

Abstract
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There have been some reports on schistosomiasis of school children in Sudan’s Nile River basin area; however, information about the infection status of Schistosoma species and intestinal helminths among village residents of this area is very limited. Urine and stool samples were collected from the 1,138 residents of the Al Hidaib and Khour Ajwal villages of White Nile State, Sudan in 2014. The prevalence of overall schistosomiasis and intestinal helminthiasis was 36.3% and 7.7%, respectively. Egg positive rates were 35.6% for Schistosoma haematobium, 2.6% for S. mansoni, and 1.4% were mixed. The prevalence of schistosomiasis was significantly higher in men (45.6%) than in women (32.0%), in Khou Ajwal villagers (39.4%) than in Al Hidaib villagers (19.2%), and for age groups ≤15 years old (51.5%) than for age groups >15 years old (13.2%). The average number of eggs per 10 ml urine (EP10) of S. haematobium infections was 18.9, with 22.2 eggs in men vs 17.0 in women and 20.4 in Khou Ajwal villagers vs 8.1 in Al Hidaib villagers. In addition to S. mansoni eggs, 4 different species of intestinal helminths were found in the stool, including Hymenolepis nana (6.6%) and H. diminuta (1.0%). Collectively, urinary schistosomiasis is still prevalent among village residents in Sudan’s White Nile River basin and was especially high in men, children ≤15 years, and in the village without a clean water system. H. nana was the most frequently detected intestinal helminths in the 2 villages.

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Christopher Yaw Dumevi, George Boateng Kyei, Patience B. Tetteh-Quarcoo, James-Paul Kretchy, Irene Ayi, Patrick F. Ayeh-Kumi, Satabdi Datta Choudhury
Journal of Parasitology Research.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Urogenital schistosomiasis in schoolchildren in the lake zones of Kankossa and Oued Rawdha, southern Mauritania: The first parasitological and malacological survey
Lemat Nakatt, Papa Mouhamadou Gaye, Mohamed Ouldabdallahi Moukah, Binta Niang, Leonardo Basco, Stephane Ranque, Ali Ould Mohamed Salem Boukhary, Bonnie L. Webster
PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases.2024; 18(9): e0012505. CrossRef
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Schistosomiasis in Sudan: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Yousef Alsaafin, Ayman Omer, Osama Felemban, Sarra Modawi, Maydolin Ibrahim, Abdullah Mohammed, Ammar Elfaki, Ahmed Abushara, Maryam A SalahEldin
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I. Soumahoro S., P. Kouassi D., D. Zika K., Coulibaly M., D. Kouame A., Yéo S., M. Sokodogo A., A. E. Amani E., S. M. L. Tanoh M., Moumouni A., H. A. Yao G., -E. Ebouat M., Adoubryn K.D, S. Dagnan N.
Journal of Public Health and Epidemiology.2023; 15(3): 202. CrossRef
Impact of seven years of mass drug administration and recrudescence of Schistosoma haematobium infections after one year of treatment gap in Zanzibar: Repeated cross-sectional studies
Lydia Trippler, Shaali Makame Ame, Jan Hattendorf, Saleh Juma, Salum Abubakar, Said Mohammed Ali, Fatma Kabole, David Rollinson, Stefanie Knopp, Antonio Montresor
PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases.2021; 15(2): e0009127. CrossRef
Gender-related differences in prevalence, intensity and associated risk factors of Schistosoma infections in Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Diepreye Victoria Ayabina, Jessica Clark, Helena Bayley, Poppy H. L. Lamberton, Jaspreet Toor, T. Deirdre Hollingsworth, Victor S. Santos
PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases.2021; 15(11): e0009083. CrossRef
Comparison of the Change in the Prevalence and Intensity of Schistosoma haematobium Infection Between High and Low Prevalence Areas of White Nile State, Sudan
Seungman Cha, Sung-Tae Hong, Jin-Su Lee, Hoo Gn Jeong, In-Sun Kwon, Abd Al Wahab Saed, Mousab Siddig Elhag, Hassan Ahmed Hassan Ahmed Ismail, Mutamad Amin, Young-Ha Lee
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2020; 58(4): 421. CrossRef
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Iris Rajman, Laura Knapp, Imad Hanna
Clinical and Translational Science.2020; 13(5): 848. CrossRef

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171 Download
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Zoonotic Trematode Metacercariae in Fish from Yangon, Myanmar and Their Adults Recovered from Experimental Animals: Jong-Yil Chai, Woon-Mok Sohn, Byoung-Kuk Na, Jong-Bok Park, Hoo-Gn Jeoung, Eui-Hyug Hoang, Thi Thi Htoon, Htay Htay Tin; Korean J Parasitol 2017;55(6):631-641.
Published online December 31, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2017.55.6.631

Abstract
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A survey was performed to investigate the infection status of zoonotic trematode (ZT) metacercariae in fish from a local market in Yangon City, Myanmar. A total of 264 fish (12 species) were collected through 4 times from December 2013 to June 2015. All collected fish were transferred to our laboratory on ice and examined by the artificial digestion
method
. More than 7 species of ZT metacercariae, i.e., Haplorchis taichui, H. pumilio, H. yokogawai, Centrocestus spp., Stellantchasmus falcatus, Pygidiopsis cambodiensis, and Procerovum sp. were detected. Metacercariae of H. taichui were collected in 58 (42.3%) out of 137 fish (5 species), and their average density was 42.9 per fish infected. Metacercariae of H. pumilio were detected in 96 (49.0%) out of 196 fish (9 species), and their average density was 23.6 per fish infected. H. yokogawai metacercariae were found in 40 (50.0%) out of 80 fish (5 species), and Centrocestus spp. metacercariae in 91 (50.8%) out of 179 fish (8 species), and their densities were 306 and 25.8 per fish infected, respectively. Metacercariae of S. falcatus and P. cambodiensis were detected only in mullets, Chelon macrolepis. A total of 280 Procerovum sp. metacercariae were found in 6 out of 12 climbing perch, Anabas testudineus. Morphological characteristics of adult flukes recovered from experimental animals were described. It has been first confirmed that fish from Yangon, Myanmar are commonly infected with various species of ZT metacercariae.

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Laddawan Patarwut, Thapana Chontananarth, Jong-Yil Chai, Watchariya Purivirojkul
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Fuhong Dai, Sung-Jong Hong, Jhang Ho Pak, Thanh Hoa Le, Seung-Ho Choi, Byoung-Kuk Na, Woon-Mok Sohn
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Brief Communications

Artyfechinostomum malayanum: Metacercariae Encysted in Pila sp. Snails Purchased from Phnom Penh, Cambodia: Woon-Mok Sohn, Tai-Soon Yong, Keeseon S. Eom, Muth Sinuon, Hoo-Gn Jeoung, Jong-Yil Chai; Korean J Parasitol 2017;55(3):341-345.
Published online June 30, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2017.55.3.341

Abstract
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The metacercariae of Artyfechinostomum malayanum (Leiper, 1911) Mendheim, 1943 were discovered in Pila sp. snails purchased from a market in Phnom Penh, Cambodia. They were isolated from the snails using the artificial digestion technique and were orally fed to 2 hamsters, 1 rat, and 2 mice to obtain the adult flukes. The metacercariae were round, 145-165 μm in diameter, having a cyst wall of 6-10 μm in thickness, a head collar and collar spines, and characteristic features of excretory granules. Adult flukes were recovered in the small intestines of the animals at days 14 and 32 post infection and were morphologically observed using a light microscope and a scanning electron microscope. They were plump or elongated, ventrally curved, 6.0-8.1×1.6-2.0 mm in size, and characterized by the head collar bearing 43 collar spines, including 5 end group ones on each side, a long cirrus sac extending beyond the posterior margin of the ventral sucker, a submedian ovary, and 2 deeply lobed testes. Eggs in uteri were operculate, ovoid to ellipsoid, and 120-135×68-75 μm in size. In scanning electron microscopy, the head collar was prominent with collar spines looking like horns. Scale-like tegumental spines were densely distributed on the ventral surface between the head collar and ventral sucker. Sensory papillae were distributed mainly on the tegument around suckers. By this study, it has been first confirmed that the life cycle of A. malayanum exists in Cambodia.

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Biological Hazards and Indicators Found in Products of Animal Origin in Cambodia from 2000 to 2022: A Systematic Review
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International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2024; 21(12): 1621. CrossRef
Mitophylogenomics of the zoonotic fluke Echinostoma malayanum confirms it as a member of the genus Artyfechinostomum Lane, 1915 and illustrates the complexity of Echinostomatidae systematics
Linh Thi Khanh Pham, Weerachai Saijuntha, Scott P. Lawton, Thanh Hoa Le
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Stellantchasmus falcatus (Digenea: Heterophyidae) in Cambodia: Discovery of Metacercariae in Mullets and Recovery of Adult Flukes in an Experimental Hamster: Jong-Yil Chai, Woon-Mok Sohn, Byoung-Kuk Na, Hoo-Gn Jeoung, Muth Sinuon, Duong Socheat; Korean J Parasitol 2016;54(4):537-541.
Published online August 31, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2016.54.4.537

Abstract
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Stellantchasmus falcatus (Digenea: Heterophyidae) is first reported from Cambodia through recovery of the metacercariae from mullet fish and adult flukes from an experimentally infected hamster. We purchased 7 mullets, Chelon macrolepis, in a local market of Phnom Penh, Cambodia, and each of them was examined by the artificial digestion method on May 2010. The metacercariae of S. falcatus were detected in all mullets (100%) examined, and their average density was 177 per fish. They were elliptical, 220×168 μm in average size. They were orally infected to an hamster to obtain adult flukes. Adults recovered at day 10 post infection were observed with a light microscope and a scanning electron microscope (SEM). They were small, 450×237 μm in average size, had a small oral sucker (41×50 μm), subglobular pharynx (29×21 μm), slender esophagus (57 μm), long and thick-walled expulsor (119×32 μm), spherical ovary (58×69 μm), and 2 ovoid testes (right: 117×74 μm; left: 114×63 μm). Eggs were small, yellow, and 23×12 μm in average size. In SEM observations, tegumental spines were densely distributed on the whole tegument, and single small type I sensory papillae were distributed around the lip of oral sucker. The small ventral sucker was dextrally located and had 8 type I sensory papillae on the left margin. It has been first confirmed in the present study that the mullet, C. macrolepis, is playing the role of a second intermediate host of S. falcatus in Cambodia.

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High Prevalence of Enterobius vermicularis Infection among Schoolchildren in Three Townships around Yangon, Myanmar: Jong-Yil Chai, Seung Koo Yang, Jae Won Kim, Soo-Lyoen Choi, Gyu-Young Song, Bong-Kwang Jung, Min-Jae Kim, Jaeeun Cho, Deok-Gyu Kim, Woon-Mok Sohn, Hoo-Gn Jeoung, Seon Cho, Jong-Bok Park, Sooji Hong, Thi Thi Htoon, Htay Htay Tin; Korean J Parasitol 2015;53(6):771-775.
Published online December 31, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2015.53.6.771

Abstract
PDF

In order to determine the status of Enterobius vermicularis infection among schoolchildren in suburban areas of Myanmar, 761 primary schoolchildren in 3 different townships around Yangon City were subjected to a survey using cello-tape anal swabs. The subjected schoolchildren were 383 boys and 378 girls who were 5-7 years of age. Only 1 anal swab was obtained from each child. The overall egg positive rate of E. vermicularis was 47.2% (359 positives), and sex difference was not remarkable (48.6% in boys and 45.8% in girls). However, the positive rate was the highest in South Dagon (54.6%) followed by Hlaing Thayar (43.8%) and North Dagon (34.8%). This difference was highly correlated with the living standards of the people in each township. Nucleotide sequence of the 5S rDNA from the eggs on the cello-tape (2 children) revealed 99.7% identity with that of E. vermicularis reported in GenBank. The results indicated that E. vermicularis infection is highly prevalent among primary schoolchildren around Yangon, Myanmar.

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Original Articles

Larval Gnathostoma spinigerum Detected in Asian Swamp Eels, Monopterus albus, Purchased from a Local Market in Yangon, Myanmar: Jong-Yil Chai, Woon-Mok Sohn, Byoung-Kuk Na, Jong-Bok Park, Hoo-Gn Jeoung, Eui-Hyug Hoang, Thi Thi Htoon, Htay Htay Tin; Korean J Parasitol 2015;53(5):619-625.
Published online October 29, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2015.53.5.619

Abstract
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The present study was performed to determine the infection status of swamp eels with Gnathostoma sp. larvae in Myanmar. We purchased total 37 Asian swamp eels, Monopterus albus, from a local market in Yangon in June and December 2013 and 2014. All collected eels were transferred with ice to our laboratory and each of them was examined by the artificial digestion technique. A total of 401 larval gnathostomes (1-96 larvae/eel) were detected in 33 (89.2%) swamp eels. Most of the larvae (n=383; 95.5%) were found in the muscle. The remaining 18 larvae were detected in the viscera. The advanced third-stage larvae (AdL₃) were 2.3-4.4 mm long and 0.25-0.425 mm wide. The characteristic head bulb (0.093 × 0.221 mm in average size) with 4 rows of hooklets, muscular long esophagus (1.025 mm), and 2 pairs of cervical sacs (0.574 mm) were observed by light microscopy. The average number of hooklets in the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th rows was 41, 45, 48, and 51, respectively. As scanning electron microscopic findings, the characteristic 4-5 rows of hooklets on the head bulb, a cervical papilla, tegumental spines regularly arranged in the transverse striations, and an anus were well observed. Based on these morphological characters, they were identified as the AdL₃ of Gnathostoma spinigerum. By the present study, it has been confirmed for the first time that Asian swamp eels, M. albus, from Yangon, Myanmar are heavily infected with G. spinigerum larvae.

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Pattarasuda Puasri, Wilanee Dechkhajorn, Paron Dekumyoy, Tippayarat Yoonuan, Sumate Ampawong, Onrapak Reamtong, Usa Boonyuen, Surachet Benjathummarak, Yaowapa Maneerat
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Kathyleen Nogrado, Poom Adisakwattana, Onrapak Reamtong
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Detection of Gnathostoma spinigerum Advanced 3rd-Stage Larvae in the Chinese Edible Frog, Hoplobatrachus rugulosus, from Local Markets in Phnom Penh, Cambodia
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Infection Status of Gnathostoma spinigerum Larvae in Asian Swamp Eels, Monopterus albus, Purchased from Local Markets in Cambodia
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Raul Henrique da Silva Pinheiro, Ricardo Luís Sousa Santana, Francisco Tiago Vasconcelos Melo, Jeannie Nascimento dos Santos, Elane Guerreiro Giese
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Prevalence of Intestinal Helminths among Inhabitants of Cambodia (2006-2011): Tai-Soon Yong, Jong-Yil Chai, Woon-Mok Sohn, Keeseon S. Eom, Hoo-Gn Jeoung, Eui-Hyug Hoang, Cheong-Ha Yoon, Bong-Kwang Jung, Soon-Hyung Lee, Muth Sinuon, Duong Socheat; Korean J Parasitol 2014;52(6):661-666.
Published online December 23, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2014.52.6.661

Abstract
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In order to investigate the status of intestinal helminthic infections in Cambodia, epidemiological surveys were carried out on a national scale, including 19 provinces. A total of 32,201 fecal samples were collected from schoolchildren and adults between 2006 and 2011 and examined once by the Kato-Katz thick smear technique. The overall egg positive rate of intestinal helminths was 26.2%. The prevalence of hookworms was the highest (9.6%), followed by that of Opisthorchis viverrini/minute intestinal flukes (Ov/MIF) (5.7%), Ascaris lumbricoides (4.6%), and Trichuris trichiura (4.1%). Other types of parasites detected were Enterobius vermicularis (1.1%), Taenia spp. (0.4%), and Hymenolepis spp. (0.2%). The northwestern regions such as the Siem Reap, Oddar Meanchey, and Banteay Meanchey Provinces showed higher prevalences (17.4-22.3%) of hookworms than the other localities. The southwestern areas, including Koh Kong and Preah Sihanouk Provinces showed higher prevalences of A. lumbricoides (17.5-19.2%) and T. trichiura (6.1-21.0%). Meanwhile, the central and southern areas, in particular, Takeo and Kampong Cham Provinces, showed high prevalences of Ov/MIF (23.8-24.0%). The results indicate that a considerably high prevalence of intestinal helminths has been revealed in Cambodia, and thus sustained national parasite control projects are necessary to reduce morbidity due to parasitic infections in Cambodia.

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Zoonotic Trematode Metacercariae in Fish from Phnom Penh and Pursat, Cambodia: Jong-Yil Chai, Woon-Mok Sohn, Byoung-Kuk Na, Tai-Soon Yong, Keeseon S. Eom, Cheong-Ha Yoon, Eui-Hyug Hoang, Hoo-Gn Jeoung, Duong Socheat; Korean J Parasitol 2014;52(1):35-40.
Published online February 19, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2014.52.1.35

Abstract
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A survey was performed to investigate the infection status of freshwater fish with zoonotic trematode metacercariae in Phnom Penh and Pursat Province, Cambodia. All collected fish with ice were transferred to our laboratory and examined using the artificial digestion method. In fish from Phnom Penh, 2 kinds of metacercariae (Opisthorchis viverrini and Haplorchis yokogawai) were detected. O. viverrini metacercariae were positive in 37 (50.0%) of 74 fish in 11 species (average no. metacercariae/fish, 18.6). H. yokogawai metacercariae were detected in 23 (57.5%) of 40 fish in 5 species (average no. metacercariae/fish, 21.0). In fish from Pursat Province, 5 kinds of metacercariae (O. viverrini, H. yokogawai, Haplorchis pumilio, Centrocestus formosanus, and Procerovum sp.) were detected; O. viverrini metacercariae (n=3) in 2 fish species (Henicorhynchus lineatus and Puntioplites falcifer), H. yokogawai metacercariae (n=51) in 1 species (P. falcifer), H. pumilio metacercariae (n=476) in 2 species (H. lineatus and Pristolepis fasciata), C. formosanus metacercariae (n=1) in 1 species (H. lineatus), and Procerovum sp. metacercariae (n=63) in 1 species (Anabas testudineus). From the above results, it has been confirmed that various freshwater fish play the role of a second intermediate host for zoonotic trematodes (O. viverrini, H. yokogawai, H. pumilio, C. formosanus, and Procerovum sp.) in Cambodia.

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Brief Communication

High Prevalence of Opisthorchis viverrini Infection in a Riparian Population in Takeo Province, Cambodia: Tai-Soon Yong, Eun-Hee Shin, Jong-Yil Chai, Woon-Mok Sohn, Keeseon S. Eom, Dong-Min Lee, Keunhee Park, Hoo-Gn Jeoung, Eui-Hyug Hoang, Yoon-Hee Lee, Hyun-Ju Woo, Ji-Hwa Lee, Sin-Il Kang, Jae-Ku Cha, Keon-Hoon Lee, Cheong-Ha Yoon, Muth Sinuon, Duong Socheat; Korean J Parasitol 2012;50(2):173-176.
Published online May 24, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2012.50.2.173

Abstract
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Opisthorchis viverrini infection was found to be highly prevalent in 3 riverside villages (Ang Svay Chek A, B, and C) of the Prey Kabas District, Takeo Province. This area is located in the southern part of Cambodia, where the recovery of adult O. viverrini worms was recently reported. From May 2006 until May 2010, fecal examinations were performed on a total of 1,799 villagers using the Kato-Katz thick smear technique. In the 3 villages, the overall positive rate for helminth eggs ranged from 51.7 to 59.0% (av. 57.4%), and the percentage positive for O. viverrini was 46.4-50.6% (47.5%). Other helminths detected included hookworms (13.2%), echinostomes (2.9%), Trichuris trichiura (1.3%), Ascaris lumbricoides (0.6%), and Taenia spp. (0.06%). The prevalence of O. viverrini eggs appeared to reflect a lower infection in younger individuals (<20 years) than in the adult population (>20 years). Men (50.4%) revealed a significantly higher (P=0.02) prevalence than women (44.3%). The Ang Svay Chek villages of the Prey Kabas District, Takeo Province, Cambodia have been confirmed to be a highly endemic area for human O. viverrini infection.

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