Parasites, Hosts and Diseases

"ITS"

Original Articles

Genetic diversity and phylogeographic structure of Anopheles kochi, Anopheles maculatus, and Anopheles vagus: ITS2-based analysis of highland transboundary populations in the Menoreh Hills, Java, Indonesia: Derico Hitipeuw, Raisha Nuranindita, Martini Martini, Arif Suryo Prasetyo, Jin-Hee Han, Hojong Jun, Bo Young Jeon, Triwibowo Ambar Garjito, Rohmadi Rohmadi, Fauzi Muh; Parasites Hosts Dis 2025;63(3):228-242.
Published online August 20, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/PHD.25026

Abstract
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Baseline genetic characterization of malaria vector populations provides critical data for evidence-based surveillance in persistent transmission foci. This pilot study generated preliminary genetic baseline data for Anopheles populations in the Menoreh Hills border region between Central Java and Yogyakarta provinces, Indonesia, addressing a key geographic gap in regional vector research. Adult female mosquitoes were collected from 3 houses with reported malaria cases in Ngadirejo Village using standardized entomological methods, including human landing, animal landing, and resting collections. Specimens were morphologically identified and molecularly characterized via ITS2 gene sequencing. Phylogenetic analyses were assessed using maximum likelihood methods, and genetic diversity indices were calculated to examine population structure. A total of 62 specimens representing 3 species were collected exclusively through animal landing collections: Anopheles vagus (48 specimens, 77.4%), Anopheles maculatus (9 specimens, 14.5%), and Anopheles kochi (5 specimens, 8.1%). An. kochi exhibited high haplotype diversity (Hd=0.709) with low nucleotide diversity (π=0.004), while An. maculatus showed lower haplotype diversity (Hd=0.480) and higher nucleotide diversity (π=0.026). Phylogenetic analysis revealed Purworejo specimens clustered with regional populations: An. kochi grouped within Clade I with Indonesian isolates; An. maculatus distributed across multiple clades; An. vagus formed a cohesive unit with other Indonesian populations. The exclusive success of animal landing collections in the Menoreh Hills highlands provides key methodological insights. This study offers essential baseline reference data, validates cost-effective genetic surveillance approaches, and supports future large-scale population connectivity studies across the Menoreh Hills malaria transmission complex.

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Echinostoma miyagawai Ishii, 1932 (Echinostomatidae) from Ducks in Aceh Province, Indonesia with Special Reference to Its Synonymy with Echinostoma robustum Yamaguti, 1935: Jong-Yil Chai, Bong-Kwang Jung, Taehee Chang, Hyejoo Shin, Jaeeun Cho, Jin-Youp Ryu, Hyun-Seung Kim, Kwanghoon Park, Mun-Hyoo Jeong, Eui-Hyug Hoang, Marzuki Bin Muhammad Abdullah; Korean J Parasitol 2021;59(1):35-45.
Published online February 19, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2021.59.1.35

Abstract
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Adult echinostomes having 37 collar spines collected from the intestine of Pitalah ducks in Aceh Province, Indonesia in 2018 were morphologically and molecularly determined to be Echinostoma miyagawai Ishii, 1932 (Digenea: Echinostomatidae). Among 20 ducks examined, 7 (35.0%) were found to be infected with this echinostome, and the number of flukes collected was 48 in total with average 6.9 (1-17) worms per duck. The adult flukes were 7.2 (6.1-8.5) mm in length and 1.2 (1.0-1.4) mm in width (pre-ovarian or testicular level) and characterized by having a head collar armed with 37 collar spines (dorsal spines arranged in 2 alternating rows), including 5 end group spines, and variable morphology of the testes, irregularly or deeply lobed (3-5 lobes) at times with horizontal extension. The eggs within the worm uterus were 93 (79-105) ?m long and 62 (56-70) ?m wide. These morphological features were consistent with both E. miyagawai and Echinostoma robustum, for which synonymy to each other has been raised. Sequencing of 2 mitochondrial genes, cox1 and nad1, revealed high homology with E. miyagawai (98.6-100% for cox1 and 99.0-99.8% for nad1) and also with E. robustum (99.3-99.8% for nad1) deposited in GenBank. We accepted the synonymy between the 2 species and diagnosed our flukes as E. miyagawai (syn. E. robustum) with redescription of its morphology. Further studies are required to determine the biological characteristics of E. miyagawai in Aceh Province, Indonesia, including the intermediate host and larval stage information.

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Development of a duplex loop-mediated isothermal amplification together with lateral flow dipstick assay for the detection and discrimination of parasitic infections in chickens between cestodes belonging to genus Raillietina and trematodes in family Echi
Wasin Panich, Thanawan Tejangkura, Thapana Chontananarth
Research in Veterinary Science.2025; 185: 105539. CrossRef
The Nuclear Ribosomal Transcription Units of Two Echinostomes and Their Taxonomic Implications for the Family Echinostomatidae
Yu Cao, Ye Li, Zhong-Yan Gao, Bo-Tao Jiang
Biology.2025; 14(8): 1101. CrossRef
Phylogeny and morphology of some Palearctic echinostomatid digeneans from rallid bird Fulica atra Linnaeus, 1758
Sergei A. Vlasenkov, Mikhail Yu. Shchelkanov, Sergey G. Sokolov
Biologia.2025; 80(11): 3079. CrossRef
Catatropis indicus (Digenea: Notocotylidae) from ducks in Indonesia with a brief review of the genus Catatropis
Jong-Yil Chai, Bong-Kwang Jung, Taehee Chang, Sooji Hong, Hyejoo Shin, Marzuki Bin Muhammad Abdullah
Parasites, Hosts and Diseases.2025; 63(4): 303. CrossRef
Development and utilization of a visual loop-mediated isothermal amplification coupled with a lateral flow dipstick (LAMP-LFD) assay for rapid detection of Echinostomatidae metacercaria in edible snail samples
Wasin Panich, Phonkawin Jaruboonyakorn, Awika Raksaman, Thanawan Tejangkura, Thapana Chontananarth
International Journal of Food Microbiology.2024; 418: 110732. CrossRef
Molecular epidemiological analyses reveal extensive connectivity between Echinostoma revolutum (sensu stricto) populations across Eurasia and species richness of zoonotic echinostomatids in England
Egie E. Enabulele, Scott P. Lawton, Anthony J. Walker, Ruth S. Kirk, Hudson Alves Pinto
PLOS ONE.2023; 18(2): e0270672. CrossRef
A new cryptic species of Echinostoma (Trematoda: Echinostomatidae) closely related to Echinostoma paraensei found in Brazil
Marisa C. Valadão, Philippe V. Alves, Danimar López-Hernández, Jordana C. A. Assis, Paulo R. S. Coelho, Stefan M. Geiger, Hudson A. Pinto
Parasitology.2023; 150(4): 337. CrossRef
A new species ofEchinostoma(Trematoda: Echinostomatidae) from the ‘revolutum’ group found in Brazil: refuting the occurrence ofEchinostoma miyagawai(=E. robustum) in the Americas
Marisa C. Valadão, Danimar López-Hernández, Philippe V. Alves, Hudson A. Pinto
Parasitology.2022; 149(3): 325. CrossRef
Echinostoma mekongi: Discovery of Its Metacercarial Stage in Snails, Filopaludina martensi cambodjensis, in Pursat Province, Cambodia
Jong-Yil Chai, Woon-Mok Sohn, Jaeeun Cho, Bong-Kwang Jung, Taehee Chang, Keon Hoon Lee, Virak Khieu, Rekol Huy
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2021; 59(1): 47. CrossRef

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Morphological and Molecular Identification of Spirometra Tapeworms (Cestoda: Diphyllobothriidae) from Carnivorous Mammals in the Serengeti and Selous Ecosystems of Tanzania: Barakaeli Abdieli Ndosi, Hansol Park, Dongmin Lee, Seongjun Choe, Yeseul Kang, Tilak Chandra Nath, Mohammed Mebarek Bia, Chatanun Eamudomkarn, Hyeong-Kyu Jeon, Keeseon S. Eom; Korean J Parasitol 2020;58(6):653-660.
Published online December 29, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2020.58.6.653

Abstract
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Spirometra tapeworms (Cestoda: Diphyllobothriidae) collected from carnivorous mammals in Tanzania were identified by the DNA sequence analysis of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) and internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1), and by morphological characteristics. A total of 15 adult worms were collected from stool samples and carcasses of Panthera leo, Panthera pardus, and Crocuta crocuta in the Serengeti and Selous ecosystems of Tanzania. Three Spirometra species: S. theileri, S. ranarum and S. erinaceieuropaei were identified based on morphological features. Partial cox1 sequences (400 bp) of 10 specimens were revealed. Eight specimens showed 99.5% similarity with Spirometra theileri (MK955901), 1 specimen showed 99.5% similarity with the Korean S. erinaceieuropaei and 1 specimen had 99.5% similarity with Myanmar S. ranarum. Sequence homology estimates for the ITS1 region of S. theileri were 89.8% with S. erinaceieuropaei, 82.5% with S. decipiens, and 78.3% with S. ranarum; and 94.4% homology was observed between S. decipiens and S. ranarum. Phylogenetic analyses were performed with 4 species of Spirometra and 2 species of Dibothriocephalus (=Diphyllobothrium). By both ML and BI methods, cox1 and ITS1 gave well supported, congruent trees topology of S. erinaceieuropaei and S. theileri with S. decipiens and S. ranarum forming a clade. The Dibothriocephalus species were sisters of each other and collectively forming successive outgroups. Our findings confirmed that 3 Spirometra species (S. theileri, S. ranarum, and S. erinaceieuropaei) are distributed in the Serengeti and Selous ecosystems of Tanzania.

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Molecular confirmation of Spirometra mansoni (Cestoda: Diphyllobothriidae) in Javanese keelback water snake (Fowlea melanzosta) in Indonesia
Ryanka Edila, Seongjun Choe, Mustofa Helmi Effendi, Lucia Tri Suwanti, John Yew Huat Tang
International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife.2025; 28: 101150. CrossRef
Description of Spirometra asiana sp. nov. (Cestoda: Diphyllobothriidae) found in wild boars and hound dogs in Japan
Hiroshi Yamasaki, Hiromu Sugiyama, Yasuyuki Morishima, Hirotaka Kobayashi
Parasitology International.2024; 98: 102798. CrossRef
Molecular Characterization of Spirometra erinaceieuropaei from Jungle Cat (Felis chaus) in North of Iran
Mahboobeh Salimi, Meysam Sharifdini, Eshrat Beigom Kia
Acta Parasitologica.2024; 69(1): 574. CrossRef
Diversity and biology of Spirometra tapeworms (Cestoda: Diphyllobothriidea), zoonotic parasites of wildlife: A review
Roman Kuchta, Anna J. Phillips, Tomáš Scholz
International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife.2024; 24: 100947. CrossRef
Mitochondrial Genome of Spirometra theileri Compared with Other Spirometra Species
Barakaeli Abdieli Ndosi, Hansol Park, Dongmin Lee, Seongjun Choe, Yeseul Kang, Tilak Chandra Nath, Mohammed Mebarek Bia, Chatanun Eamudomkarn, Hyeong-Kyu Jeon, Keeseon S. Eom
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2021; 59(2): 139. CrossRef

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Case Report

Ten Cases of Taenia saginata Infection Confirmed by Analysis of the Internal Transcribed Spacer 1 rDNA Region in the Republic of Korea: Su-Min Song, Hae Soo Yun, Dorene VanBik, Hyun-Ha Chang, Sang-Ah Lee, Shin-Woo Kim, Namhee Ryoo, Dong Yeub Eun, Nan Young Lee, Youn-Kyoung Goo, Yeonchul Hong, Meesun Ock, Hee-Jae Cha, Dong-Il Chung; Korean J Parasitol 2019;57(4):417-422.
Published online August 31, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2019.57.4.417

Abstract
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From October 2015 to August 2018, tapeworm proglottids were obtained from 10 patients who were residents of Daegu and Gyeongbuk provinces and had a history of raw beef consumption. Most of them had no overseas travel experience. The gravid proglottids obtained from the 10 cases had 15-20 lateral uterine branches. A part of internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) DNA of the 10 cases, amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and digested with AleI restriction enzyme, produced the same band pattern of Taenia saginata, which differentiated from T. asiatica and T. solium. Sequences of ITS1 and cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) showed higher homology to T. saginata than to T. asiatica and T. solium. Collectively, these 10 cases were identified as T. saginata human infections. As taeniasis is one of the important parasitic diseases in humans, it is necessary to maintain hygienic conditions during livestock farming to avoid public health concerns.

Citations

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Exploring bioactive molecules released during inter- and intraspecific competition: A paradigm for novel antiparasitic drug discovery and design for human use
Pichet Ruenchit
Current Research in Parasitology & Vector-Borne Diseases.2025; 7: 100256. CrossRef
Taeniasis impacts human gut microbiome composition and function
Wenjie Mu, Pingping Ma, Yugui Wang, Yaqi Li, Yingying Ding, Yang Zou, Lixia Pu, Qi Yan, Haoyue Kong, Xiaola Guo, Aijiang Guo, Hailong Li, Shuai Wang
The ISME Journal.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Taenia saginata Infection Misdiagnosed as Acute Cholecystitis in a Tibetan Patient, in China
Xiu-Min Han, Xue-Yong Zhang, Ying-Na Jian, Qing-Shan Tian
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2021; 59(3): 311. CrossRef

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Brief Communication

Molecular Identification of Anisakis Larvae Extracted by Gastrointestinal Endoscopy from Health Check-up Patients in Korea: Hyemi Song, Bong-Kwang Jung, Jaeeun Cho, Taehee Chang, Sun Huh, Jong-Yil Chai; Korean J Parasitol 2019;57(2):207-211.
Published online April 30, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2019.57.2.207

Anisakiasis is a zoonotic disease induced by anisakid nematodes, and endoscopic inspection is used for a diagnosis or remedy for it. Anisakis simplex, Anisakis physeteris, and Pseudoterranova decipiens had been reported to be the major species causing human infections, particularly, in Japan. However, in Korea, recent studies strongly suggested that Anisakis pegreffii is the major species of human infections. To support this suggestion, we collected anisakid larvae (n=20) from 20 human patients who were undergone gastrointestinal endoscopy at a health check-up center in Korea, and molecular identification was performed on the larvae using PCR-RFLP analysis and gene sequencing of rDNA ITS regions and mtDNA cox2. In addition, anisakid larvae (n=53) collected from the sea eel (Astroconger myriaster) were also examined for comparison with those extracted from humans. The results showed that all human samples (100%) were identified as A. pegreffii, whereas 90.7% of the samples from the sea eel were A. pegreffii with the remaining 9.3% being Hysterothylacium aduncum. Our study confirmed that A. pegreffii is the predominant species causing human anisakiasis in Korea, and this seems to be due to the predominance of this larval type in the fish (sea eels) popularly consumed by the Korean people. The possibility of human infection with H. aduncum in Korea is also suggested.

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Risk Factors of Anisakidosis at the Global Level: A Review
Yosuke Fujisawa, Diane P. Barton, Shokoofeh Shamsi
Current Clinical Microbiology Reports.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Alterations in immunized antigens of Anisakis pegreffii by ampicillin-induced gut microbiome changes in mice
Myungjun Kim, Jun Ho Choi, Myung-hee Yi, Singeun Oh, Tai-Soon Yong, Ju Yeong Kim
Parasites, Hosts and Diseases.2024; 62(3): 351. CrossRef
Genetic analyses of Anisakis pegreffii (Nematoda: Anisakidae) from the East Asian finless porpoise Neophocaena asiaeorientalis sunameri (Cetacea: Phocoenidae) in Korean waters
Sunmin Kim, Jong Yoon Jeon, Kyunglee Lee, Hyunjoo Lee, Han Chan Park, Kyung Eun Lee, Hang Lee, Sung Bin Lee, Sang Wha Kim, Se Chang Park, Seongjun Choe, Heejeong Youn
Parasitology Research.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Phylogenetic and phylogeographic analyses of Anisakis simplex sensu stricto (Nematoda: Anisakidae) from the common minke whale in Korean waters
Sunmin Kim, Bom Sok Lee, Seongjun Choe
Parasites, Hosts and Diseases.2023; 61(3): 240. CrossRef
Sensitivity of candling as routine method for the detection and recovery of ascaridoids in commercial fish fillets
E. Mercken, I. Van Damme, B. Šoba, S. Vangeenberghe, A. Serradell, T. De Sterck, J. P. L. Lumain, S. Gabriël
Scientific Reports.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Intraspecific Genetic Variation of Anisakis typica in Indian Mackerel Caught from the Gulf of Thailand, Samut Songkhram Province
Tanawat Chaiphongpachara, Poom Adisakwattana, Nantana Suwandittakul, Daiji Endoh
The Scientific World Journal.2022; 2022: 1. CrossRef
Anisakiasis Annual Incidence and Causative Species, Japan, 2018–2019
Hiromu Sugiyama, Mitsuko Shiroyama, Ikuyo Yamamoto, Takashi Ishikawa, Yasuyuki Morishima
Emerging Infectious Diseases.2022; 28(10): 2105. CrossRef
Identification and genetic characterization of Contracaecum sp. (Nematoda: Anisakidae) from China
Qingxun ZHANG, Meng MENG, Chengmei HUANG, Shengyong FENG, Jie LIU, Yan TANG, Yu FAN, Guohui YUAN, Shuyi HAN, Jing LUO, Baohua ZHAO, Hongxuan HE
Integrative Zoology.2021; 16(6): 929. CrossRef
Anisakis pegreffii Extract Induces Airway Inflammation with Airway Remodeling in a Murine Model System
Jun Ho Choi, Ju Yeong Kim, Myung-hee Yi, Myungjun Kim, Tai-Soon Yong, Kalman Imre
BioMed Research International.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Morphological study and molecular epidemiology of Anisakis larvae in mackerel fish
Vipavinee Cheypanya, Pheravut Wongsawad, Chalobol Wongsawad, Nattawadee Nantarat
Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine.2021; 14(5): 214. CrossRef
Presence of Anisakidae in commercial fish species imported into the Belgian food markets: A systematic review and meta-analyses
E. Mercken, I. Van Damme, A. Serradell, S. Gabriël
International Journal of Food Microbiology.2020; 318: 108456. CrossRef
Occurrence and molecular identification of Anisakis larval type 1 (Nematoda: Anisakidae) in marketed fish in Egypt
Eman Mostafa, Marwa Omar, Shimaa. S. Hassan, Mohamed Samir
Journal of Parasitic Diseases.2020; 44(3): 536. CrossRef
Ascaridoids in commercial fish: Occurrence, intensity and localization in whole fish and fillets destined for the Belgian market
E. Mercken, I. Van Damme, S. Vangeenberghe, A. Serradell, T. De Sterck, J.P.L. Lumain, S. Gabriël
International Journal of Food Microbiology.2020; 327: 108657. CrossRef
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Stefano D’Amelio, Fabrizio Lombardo, Antonella Pizzarelli, Ilaria Bellini, Serena Cavallero
Genes.2020; 11(7): 801. CrossRef
Status of common parasitic diseases in Korea in 2019
Sun Huh
Journal of the Korean Medical Association.2019; 62(8): 437. CrossRef
Parasitic infections and medical expenses according to Health Insurance Review Assessment claims data in South Korea, 2011–2018
Ju Yeong Kim, Myung-hee Yi, Tai-Soon Yong, Guilherme L. Werneck
PLOS ONE.2019; 14(11): e0225508. CrossRef
Anisakid Larvae from Anchovies in the South Coast of Korea
Taehee Chang, Bong-Kwang Jung, Sooji Hong, Hyejoo Shin, Jeonggyu Lee, Laddawan Patarwut, Jong-Yil Chai
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2019; 57(6): 699. CrossRef

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Original Article

Establishment of a T_m-shift Method for Detection of Cat-Derived Hookworms: Yeqi Fu, Yunqiu Liu, Asmaa M.I. Abuzeid, Yue Huang, Xue Zhou, Long He, Qi Zhao, Xiu Li, Jumei Liu, Rongkun Ran, Guoqing Li; Korean J Parasitol 2019;57(1):9-15.
Published online February 26, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2019.57.1.9

Abstract
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Melting temperature shift (T_m-shift) is a new detection method that analyze the melting curve on real-time PCR thermocycler using SYBR Green I fluorescent dye. To establish a T_m-shift method for the detection of Ancylostoma ceylanicum and A. tubaeforme in cats, specific primers, with GC tail of unequal length attached to their 5 ? end, were designed based on 2 SNP loci (ITS101 and ITS296) of the internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) sequences. The standard curve of T_m-shift was established using the standard plasmids of A. ceylanicum (AceP) and A. tubaeforme (AtuP). The T_m-shift method stability, sensitivity, and accuracy were tested with reference to the standard curve, and clinical fecal samples were also examined. The results demonstrated that the 2 sets of primers based on the 2 SNPs could accurately distinguish between A. ceylanicum and A. tubaeforme. The coefficient of variation (CV) of T_m-values of AceP and AtuP was 0.07% and 0.06% in ITS101 and was 0.06% and 0.08% in ITS296, respectively. The minimum detectable DNA concentration was 5.22×10-6 and 5.28×10-6 ng/μl samples of AceP and AtuP, respectively. The accuracy of T_m-shift method reached 100% based on examination of 10 hookworm DNA samples with known species. In the clinical detection of hookworm in 69 stray cat fecal sample, the T_m-shift detection results were consistent with the microscopic examination and successfully differentiated between the 2-hookworm species. In conclusion, the developed method is a rapid, sensitive and accurate technique and can provide a promising tool for clinical detection and epidemiological investigation of cat-derived hookworms.

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Genetic characterization of zoonotic hookworms infecting wild felids in northern India
Thangam Venkatesan, Rasmita Panda, Anil Kumar Nehra, Hira Ram, M. Karikalan, Devendra Prasad Pateer, Rajat Garg, A. M. Pawde
BMC Veterinary Research.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
A novel A > G polymorphism in the intron 2 of TBX3 gene is significantly associated with body size in donkeys
Gang Wang, Mei Li, Jun Zhou, Xiaoya An, Fuxia Bai, Yuan Gao, Jie Yu, Haijing Li, Chuzhao Lei, Ruihua Dang
Gene.2021; 785: 145602. CrossRef
Cutaneous Larva Migrans
Alfonso J. Rodriguez-Morales, Natalia González-Leal, Maria Camila Montes-Montoya, Lorena Fernández-Espíndola, D. Katterine Bonilla-Aldana, José María Azeñas- Burgoa, Juan Carlos Diez de Medina, Verónica Rotela-Fisch, Melany Bermudez-Calderon, Kovy Arteaga
Current Tropical Medicine Reports.2021; 8(3): 190. CrossRef

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Brief Communications

Prevalence and Phylogenetic Analyses of Trichuris suis in Pigs in Hunan Province, Subtropical China: Lei Tan, Aibing Wang, Jing Yi, Yisong Liu, Jiayu Li, Wei Liu; Korean J Parasitol 2018;56(5):495-500.
Published online October 31, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2018.56.5.495

Abstract
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Trichuris suis infection in pigs is ubiquitous in intensive and extensive farms, which causes potential threat to human health. The
objective
of this research was to investigate the prevalence of T. suis in pigs in Hunan province. Total 2,267 fresh fecal samples distributed in 28 pig farms from 7 different administrative regions (Hunan province) were evaluated for the existence of T. suis eggs using saturated NaCl floating method. The average infection rate of T. suis in pigs was 8.91% in Hunan province. To determine genetic variation of the gained T. suis isolates in the present study, the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions from nuclear ribosomal DNA (rDNA) of 7 T. suis isolates were cloned and analyzed. Nucleotide diversities were 1.0-3.5% and 0-3.8% for ITS-1 and ITS-2, respectively. Phylogenetic analyses indicated that all isolates collected in the present study and T. suis available in Genbank generated a monophyletic clade. The present investigation revealed high infection rates of T. suis in pigs in Hunan province, which shed light on making effective measures to prevent and control T. suis infection in pigs in Hunan province.

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Prevalence and molecular identification of gastrointestinal nematodes in Qinghai‐Tibetan Plateau of China
Sitong Ai, Zhichao Zhang, Jinghan Wang, Xiaoqi Wang, Cheng Liu, Ziyuan Duan
Veterinary Medicine and Science.2023; 9(6): 2693. CrossRef
Prevalences and characteristics of Trichuris spp. infection in sheep in pastoral areas of the Tianshan, Xinjiang, China
Lixia Wang, Guowu Zhang, Yuhang Fu, Chengcheng Ning, Zhiyuan Li, Huisheng Wang, Jinsheng Zhang, Yunxia Shang, Yaoqiang Sun, Xiaoxing Huang, Xuepeng Cai, Xianzhu Xia, Qingling Meng, Jun Qiao
Journal of Veterinary Research.2022; 66(4): 591. CrossRef
Detection of Trichuris eggs in feces and soil from giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis) and other hoofstock enclosures under human care in the USA
Lauren Shusterman, Antoinette E. Marsh, Priscilla H. Joyner, Greg Habing
International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife.2021; 15: 208. CrossRef
Foodborne Parasites Dominate Current Parasitic Infections in Hunan Province, China
Xiaohua Liu, Mengqi Wu, Yuan Liu, Jing Li, Dongqian Yang, Liping Jiang
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Development of a Droplet Digital PCR for Detection of Trichuriasis in Sheep
Zhichao Yu, Zhiguo Zhao, Linjun Chen, Junyan Li, Xianghong Ju
Journal of Parasitology.2020;[Epub] CrossRef

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Prevalence of Centrocestus formosanus Metacercariae in Ornamental Fish from Chiang Mai, Thailand, with Molecular Approach Using ITS2: Atcharaphan Wanlop, Chalobol Wongsawad, Pongphol Prattapong, Pheravut Wongsawad, Thapana Chontananarth, Jong-Yil Chai; Korean J Parasitol 2017;55(4):445-449.
Published online August 31, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2017.55.4.445

Abstract
PDF

The prevalence of Centrocestus formosanus metacercariae was investigated in ornamental fish purchased from a pet shop in Chiang Mai, Thailand, including Carassius auratus (goldfish), Cyprinus carpio (Koi), Poecilia latipinna (Sailfin Molly), Danio rerio (Zebrafish), and Puntigrus tetrazona (Tiger barb). The parasite species was identified by the morphology of worms as well as by a molecular approach using ITS2. The results showed that 50 (33.3%) of 150 fish examined were infected with the metacercariae. The highest prevalence was found in C. auratus (83.3%), and the highest intensity was noted in C. carpio (70.8 metacercariae/fish). The most important morphological character was the presence of 32-34 circumoral spines on the oral sucker. The phylogenetic studies using the rRNA ITS2 region revealed that all the specimens of C. formosanus in this study were grouped together with C. formosanus in GenBank database. This is the first report on ornamental fish, C. carpio, P. latipinna, D. rerio, and P. tetrazona, taking the role of second intermediate hosts of C. formosanus in Thailand. Prevention and control of metacercarial infection in ornamental fish is urgently needed.

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Loop‐Mediated Isothermal Amplification Combined With Lateral‐Flow Dipstick for Detection of Centrocestus formosanus in Ornamental Fish
Metawee Sabaijai, Thanawan Tejangkura, Thapana Chontananarth
Journal of Fish Diseases.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Molecular detection of the zoonotic trematode Centrocestus formosanus (Nishigori, 1924) (Opisthorchiida, Heterophyidae) in Central Europe
Ľubomír Šmiga, Júlia Šmigová, Federica Berrilli, Ingrid Papajová, Peter Lazár, Isabel Guadano-Procesi
Veterinary Research Communications.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Good practices in the rearing and maintenance of zebrafish (Danio rerio) in Brazilian laboratories
Mateus Tavares Kütter, Leonardo José Gil Barcellos, Robert Tew Boyle, Luis Fernando Marins, Tony Silveira
Ciência Animal Brasileira.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
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Phonkawin Jaruboonyakorn, Thanawan Tejangkura, Thapana Chontananarth
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PLOS ONE.2018; 13(4): e0194161. CrossRef

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Original Article

Molecular Phylogenetics of Trichostrongylus Species (Nematoda: Trichostrongylidae) from Humans of Mazandaran Province, Iran: Meysam Sharifdini, Zahra Heidari, Zahra Hesari, Sajad Vatandoost, Eshrat Beigom Kia; Korean J Parasitol 2017;55(3):279-285.
Published online June 30, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2017.55.3.279

Abstract
PDF

The present study was performed to analyze molecularly the phylogenetic positions of human-infecting Trichostrongylus species in Mazandaran Province, Iran, which is an endemic area for trichostrongyliasis. DNA from 7 Trichostrongylus infected stool samples were extracted by using in-house (IH) method. PCR amplification of ITS2-rDNA region was performed, and products were sequenced. Phylogenetic analysis of the nucleotide sequence data was performed using MEGA 5.0 software. Six out of 7 isolates had high similarity with Trichostrongylus colubriformis, while the other one showed high homology with Trichostrongylus axei registered in GenBank reference sequences. Intra-specific variations within isolates of T. colubriformis and T. axei amounted to 0-1.8% and 0-0.6%, respectively. Trichostrongylus species obtained in the present study were in a cluster with the relevant reference sequences from previous studies. BLAST analysis indicated that there was 100% homology among all 6 ITS2 sequences of T. colubriformis in the present study and most previously registered sequences of T. colubriformis from human, sheep, and goat isolates from Iran and also human isolates from Laos, Thailand, and France. The ITS2 sequence of T. axei exhibited 99.4% homology with the human isolate of T. axei from Thailand, sheep isolates from New Zealand and Iran, and cattle isolate from USA.

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Parasite Epidemiology and Control.2023; 22: e00312. CrossRef
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Rana Elseadawy, Ibrahim Abbas, Moustafa Al-Araby, Salah Abu-Elwafa
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Strongyloides stercoralis and other intestinal parasites in patients receiving immunosuppressive drugs in northern Iran: a closer look at risk factors
Leila Mirzaei, Keyhan Ashrafi, Zahra Atrkar Roushan, Mohammad Reza Mahmoudi, Irandokht Shenavar Masooleh, Behnaz Rahmati, Farshid Saadat, Hamed Mirjalali, Meysam Sharifdini
Epidemiology and Health.2021; 43: e2021009. CrossRef
Comparison of Molecular and Parasitological Methods for Diagnosis of Human Trichostrongylosis
Mehdi Pandi, Meysam Sharifdini, Keyhan Ashrafi, Zahra Atrkar Roushan, Behnaz Rahmati, Nayereh Hajipour
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Trichostrongyloid nematodes in ruminants of northern Iran: prevalence and molecular analysis
Hedayat Hosseinnezhad, Meysam Sharifdini, Keyhan Ashrafi, Zahra Atrkar Roushan, Hamed Mirjalali, Behnaz Rahmati
BMC Veterinary Research.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
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Zeinab Gholipoor, Hooshang Khazan, Eznoallah Azargashb, Mohammad Reza Youssefi, Ali Rostami
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Zoonotic transmission of Teladorsagia circumcincta and Trichostrongylus species in Guilan province, northern Iran: molecular and morphological characterizations
Keyhan Ashrafi, Meysam Sharifdini, Zahra Heidari, Behnaz Rahmati, Eshrat Beigom Kia
BMC Infectious Diseases.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Molecular detection of Trichostrongylus species through PCR followed by high resolution melt analysis of ITS-2 rDNA sequences
Mohsen Arbabi, Hossein Hooshyar, Majid Lotfinia, Mohamad Ali Bakhshi
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Mohammad Amin Ghatee, Seyed Ali Asghar Malek Hosseini, Masoud Marashifard, Mehdi Karamian, Walter Robert Taylor, Ali Jamshidi, Iraj Mobedi, Hasan Azarmehr
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Clinical and haematological characteristics of human trichostrongyliasis
L. Ghanbarzadeh, M. Saraei, E.B. Kia, F. Amini, M. Sharifdini
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Prevalence and phylogenetic analysis of gastrointestinal helminths (Nematoda: Trichostrongylidae) in ruminant livestock of northwest Iran
Tahereh BARGHANDAN, Elham HAJİALİLO, Meysam SHARİFDİNİ, Amir JAVADİ
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Sylvia Afriyie Squire, Rongchang Yang, Ian Robertson, Irene Ayi, Daniel Sai Squire, Una Ryan
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Strongyloides stercoralis hyperinfection in an unconscious diabetic patient with dermatomyositis
Meysam Sharifdini, Aniseh Hesari, SeifAli Mahdavi, Akram Alipour, EshratBeigom Kia
Indian Journal of Pathology and Microbiology.2018; 61(1): 109. CrossRef
Molecular identification and phylogenetic analysis of human Trichostrongylus species from an endemic area of Iran
Meysam Sharifdini, Sedigheh Derakhshani, Safar Ali Alizadeh, Laleh Ghanbarzadeh, Hamed Mirjalali, Iraj Mobedi, Mehrzad Saraei
Acta Tropica.2017; 176: 293. CrossRef

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Brief Communication

Fasciola hepatica: Infection Status of Freshwater Snails Collected from Gangwon-do (Province), Korea: Jae-Hyung Lee, Juan-Hua Quan, In-Wook Choi, Gab-Man Park, Guang-Ho Cha, Hyun-Ju Kim, Jae-Min Yuk, Young-Ha Lee; Korean J Parasitol 2017;55(1):95-98.
Published online February 28, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2017.55.1.95

Abstract
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Fasciola hepatica is a trematode that causes zoonosis, mainly in cattle and sheep, and occasionally in humans. Few recent studies have determined the infection status of this fluke in Korea. In August 2015, we collected 402 samples of freshwater snails at Hoenggye-ri (upper stream) and Suha-ri (lower stream) of Song-cheon (stream) in Daegwalnyeong-myeon, Pyeongchang-gun in Gangwon-do (Province) near many large cattle or sheep farms. F. hepatica infection was determined using PCR on the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS-2). Among the 402 samples, F. hepatica 1TS-2 marker was detected in 6 freshwater snails; thus, the overall prevalence in freshwater snails was 1.5%. The prevalence varied between collection areas, ranging from 0.0% at Hoenggye-ri to 2.9% at Suha-ri. However, F. gigantica ITS-2 was not detected in the 6 F. hepatica-positive samples by PCR. The nucleotide sequences of the 6 F. hepatica ITS-2 PCR-positive samples were 99.4% identical to the F. hepatica ITS-2 sequences in GenBank, whereas they were 98.4% similar to F. gigantica ITS-2 sequences. These results indicated that the prevalence of F. hepatica in snail intermediate hosts was 1.5% in Gangwon-do, Korea; however the prevalence varied between collection areas. These results may help us to understand F. hepatica infection status in natural environments.

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Purification and biochemical characterization of a 22-kDa stable cysteine- like protease from the excretory-secretory product of the liver fluke Fasciola hepatica by using conventional techniques
Ahmed Hemici, Roumaila Sabrina Benerbaiha, Dalila Bendjeddou
Journal of Chromatography B.2017; 1068-1069: 268. CrossRef

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Original Articles

Morphological Characteristics and Phylogenetic Trends of Trematode Cercariae in Freshwater Snails from Nakhon Nayok Province, Thailand: Thapana Chontananarth, Thanawan Tejangkura, Napat Wetchasart, Cherdchay Chimburut; Korean J Parasitol 2017;55(1):47-54.
Published online February 28, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2017.55.1.47

Abstract
PDF

The prevalence of cercarial infection in freshwater snails and their evolutionary trends were studied in Nakhon Nayok province, Thailand. A total of 2,869 individual snails were examined for parasitic infections. The results showed that 12 snail species were found to host larval stages of trematodes with an overall prevalence of 4.7%. The infected specimens included 7 types at the cercarial stage; cercariae, megalurous cercariae, echinostome cercariae, furcocercous cercariae, parapleurolophocercous cercariae, virgulate cercariae, and xiphidiocercariae. Regarding molecular identification, ITS2 sequence data of each larval trematode were analyzed, and a dendrogram was constructed using the neighbor-joining method with 10,000 replicates. The dendrogram was separated into 6 clades (order/family), including Echinostomatida/Echinostomatidae, Echinostomatida/Philophthalmidae, Opisthorchiida/Heterophyidae, Plagiorchiida/Prosthogonimidae, Plagiorchiida/Lecithodendriidae, and Strigeatida/Cyathocotylidae. These findings were used to confirm morphological characteristics and evolutionary trends of each type of cercariae discovered in Nakhon Nayok province. Furthermore, this investigation confirmed that the ITS2 data of cercariae could be used to study on phylogenetic relationships or to determine classification of this species at order and/or family level when possible.

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Morphology and Molecular Phylogeny of Raillietina spp. (Cestoda: Cyclophyllidea: Davaineidae) from Domestic Chickens in Thailand: Preeyaporn Butboonchoo, Chalobol Wongsawad, Amnat Rojanapaibul, Jong-Yil Chai; Korean J Parasitol 2016;54(6):777-786.
Published online December 31, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2016.54.6.777

Abstract
PDF

Raillietina species are prevalent in domestic chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) in Phayao province, northern Thailand. Their infection may cause disease and death, which affects the public health and economic situation in chicken farms. The identification of Raillietina has been based on morphology and molecular analysis. In this study, morphological observations using light (LM) and scanning electron microscopies (SEM) coupled with molecular analysis of the internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) region and the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide dehydrogenase subunit 1 (ND1) gene were employed for precise identification and phylogenetic relationship studies of Raillietina spp. Four Raillietina species, including R. echinobothrida, R. tetragona, R. cesticillus, and Raillietina sp., were recovered in domestic chickens from 4 districts in Phayao province, Thailand. LM and SEM observations revealed differences in the morphology of the scolex, position of the genital pore, number of eggs per egg capsule, and rostellar opening surface structures in all 4 species. Phylogenetic relationships were found among the phylogenetic trees obtained by the maximum likelihood and distance-based neighbor-joining methods. ITS2 and ND1 sequence data recorded from Raillietina sp. appeared to be monophyletic. The query sequences of R. echinobothrida, R. tetragona, R. cesticillus, and Raillietina sp. were separated according to the different morphological characters. This study confirmed that morphological studies combined with molecular analyses can differentiate related species within the genus Raillietina in Thailand.

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Wasin Panich, Thanawan Tejangkura, Thapana Chontananarth
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Brief Communications

Molecular Characterization of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in Domestic Rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) in Northeastern China: Xiao-Xuan Zhang, Jing Jiang, Ya-Nan Cai, Chun-Feng Wang, Peng Xu, Gui-Lian Yang, Quan Zhao; Korean J Parasitol 2016;54(1):81-85.
Published online February 26, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2016.54.1.81

Abstract
PDF

A study of 426 rabbits from 3 cities in Jilin province (Changchun City and Jilin City) and Liaoning province (Shenyang City) was conducted between May and June 2015. The overall prevalence of E. bieneusi in rabbits was 0.94% (4/426), with 0% (0/116), 1.72% (3/174), and 0.74% (1/136) in Jilin, Changchun, and Shenyang City, respectively. Only 3 farms (farm 1 and farm 3 in Changchun City, farm 8 in Shenyang City) were PCR-positive for E. bieneusi. Moreover, rabbits of more than 6 months (1.72%) had the highest E. bieneusi prevalence, followed by rabbits of 4-6 months (1.26%), 2-3 months (0.58%), and less than 1 month (0%). Analysis of ITS gene of E. bieneusi suggested that all 4 E. bieneusi isolates were genotype D, and were classified as group 1a. The present results first demonstrated the existence of zoonotic E. bieneusi in domestic rabbits in China. Effective control measures should be implemented to prevent E. bieneusi infection in domestic rabbits, other animals, and humans.

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Iberian wild leporidae as hosts of zoonotic enteroparasites in Mediterranean ecosystems of Southern Spain
Laura Rego, Sabrina Castro‐Scholten, Carmen Cano, Débora Jiménez‐Martín, Pamela C. Köster, Javier Caballero‐Gómez, Begoña Bailo, Alejandro Dashti, Carolina Hernández‐Castro, David Cano‐Terriza, Fátima Vioque, Jenny G. Maloney, Mónica Santín, Ignacio Garcí
Zoonoses and Public Health.2023; 70(3): 223. CrossRef
Microbial Risks Caused by Livestock Excrement: Current Research Status and Prospects
Rashidin Abdugheni, Li Li, Zhen-Ni Yang, Yin Huang, Bao-Zhu Fang, Vyacheslav Shurigin, Osama Abdalla Abdelshafy Mohamad, Yong-Hong Liu, Wen-Jun Li
Microorganisms.2023; 11(8): 1897. CrossRef
Molecular Detection of Microsporidia in Rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) in Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
Edgar Baz-González, Natalia Martin-Carrillo, Katherine García-Livia, Néstor Abreu-Acosta, Pilar Foronda
Biology.2022; 11(12): 1796. CrossRef
Ecological and public health significance of Enterocytozoon bieneusi
Wei Li, Lihua Xiao
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Prevalence and Phylogenetic Analysis of Microsporidium Enterocytozoon bieneusi in Diarrheal Patients
Manman Zang, Jinjin Li, Chun Tang, Songtao Ding, Wei Huang, Qizhong Qin, Handeng Liu
Pathogens.2021; 10(2): 128. CrossRef
First genotyping of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in plateau pikas (Ochotona curzoniae) from the Qinghai Plateau, Northwest China
Xuehan Liu, Shouyang Du, Xuefeng Yang, Xiaojing Xia, Zhixing An, Meng Qi
Veterinary Research Communications.2021; 45(4): 453. CrossRef
First identification and genotyping of Enterocytozoon bieneusi and Encephalitozoon spp. in pet rabbits in China
Lei Deng, Yijun Chai, Leiqiong Xiang, Wuyou Wang, Ziyao Zhou, Haifeng Liu, Zhijun Zhong, Hualin Fu, Guangneng Peng
BMC Veterinary Research.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Dominance of zoonotic genotype D of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in bamboo rats (Rhizomys sinensis)
Haiyan Wang, Qiang Liu, Xiumei Jiang, Ying Zhang, Aiyun Zhao, Zhaohui Cui, Dongfang Li, Meng Qi, Longxian Zhang
Infection, Genetics and Evolution.2019; 73: 113. CrossRef
First detection and genetic characterisation of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in wild deer in Melbourne’s water catchments in Australia
Yan Zhang, Anson V. Koehler, Tao Wang, Shane R. Haydon, Robin B. Gasser
Parasites & Vectors.2018;[Epub] CrossRef
Host specificity of Enterocytozoon bieneusi genotypes in Bactrian camels (Camelus bactrianus) in China
Meng Qi, Junqiang Li, Aiyun Zhao, Zhaohui Cui, Zilin Wei, Bo Jing, Longxian Zhang
Parasites & Vectors.2018;[Epub] CrossRef
Prevalence and genotypes of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in China
Sha-Sha Wang, Rong-Jun Wang, Xian-Cheng Fan, Ting-Li Liu, Long-Xian Zhang, Guang-Hui Zhao
Acta Tropica.2018; 183: 142. CrossRef
Molecular Characterization of Cryptosporidium spp., Giardia duodenalis, and Enterocytozoon bieneusi in Rabbits in Xinjiang, China
Xiangqian Zhang, Meng Qi, Bo Jing, Fuchang Yu, Yayun Wu, Yankai Chang, Aiyun Zhao, Zilin Wei, Haiju Dong, Longxian Zhang
Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology.2018; 65(6): 854. CrossRef
Enterocytozoon bieneusi in Minks (Neovison vison) in Northern China: A Public Health Concern
Xiao-Xuan Zhang, Ruo-Lan Jiang, Jian-Gang Ma, Chao Xu, Quan Zhao, Guangyu Hou, Guo-Hua Liu
Frontiers in Microbiology.2018;[Epub] CrossRef
Molecular characterization and new genotypes of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in minks (Neovison vison) in China
Wei Cong, Si-Yuan Qin, Qing-Feng Meng
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Occurrence of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in Donkeys (Equus asinus) in China: A Public Health Concern
Dong-Mei Yue, Jian-Gang Ma, Fa-Cai Li, Jun-Ling Hou, Wen-Bin Zheng, Quan Zhao, Xiao-Xuan Zhang, Xing-Quan Zhu
Frontiers in Microbiology.2017;[Epub] CrossRef
Detection of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in White Yaks in Gansu Province, China
Jian-Gang Ma, Nian-Zhang Zhang, Jun-Ling Hou, Yang Zou, Gui-Xue Hu, Xing-Quan Zhu, Dong-Hui Zhou
BioMed Research International.2017; 2017: 1. CrossRef
Subtyping ofCryptosporidium cuniculusand genotyping ofEnterocytozoon bieneusiin rabbits in two farms in Heilongjiang Province, China
Ziyin Yang, Wei Zhao, Yujuan Shen, Weizhe Zhang, Ying Shi, Guangxu Ren, Di Yang, Hong Ling, Fengkun Yang, Aiqin Liu, Jianping Cao
Parasite.2016; 23: 52. CrossRef

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Molecular Description of Macroorchis spinulosus (Digenea: Nanophyetidae) Based on ITS1 Sequences: Eun Jeong Won, Deok-Gyu Kim, Jaeeun Cho, Bong-Kwang Jung, Min-Jae Kim, Yong Woon Yun, Jong-Yil Chai, Dong Wook Ryang; Korean J Parasitol 2016;54(1):109-112.
Published online February 26, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2016.54.1.109

Abstract
PDF

We performed a molecular genetic study on the sequences of 18S ribosomal RNA (ITS1 region) gene in 4-day-old adult worms of Macroorchis spinulosus recovered in mice experimentally infected with metacercariae from crayfish in Jeollanam-do Province, Korea. The metacercariae were round, 180 μm in average diameter, encysted with 2 layers of thick walls, but the stylet on the oral sucker was not clearly seen. The adult flukes were oval shape, and 760-820 μm long and 320-450 μm wide, with anterolateral location of 2 large testes. The phylogenetic tree based on ITS1 sequences of 6 M. spinulosus samples showed their distinguished position from other trematode species in GenBank. The most closely resembled group was Paragonimus spp. which also take crayfish or crabs as the second intermediate host. The present study is the first molecular characterization of M. spinulosus and provided a basis for further phylogenetic studies to compare with other trematode fauna in Korea.

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Origins, phylogenetic relationships and host-parasite interactions of Troglotrematoidea since the cretaceous
Konstantin S. Vainutis, Anastasia N. Voronova, Georg G. Duscher, Egor M. Shchelkanov, Mikhail Yu. Shchelkanov
Infection, Genetics and Evolution.2022; 101: 105274. CrossRef
Morphological and Molecular Characteristics of Clinostomid Metacercariae from Korea and Myanmar
Eun Jeong Won, Yu Jeong Lee, Moon-Ju Kim, Jong-Yil Chai, Byoung-Kuk Na, Woon-Mok Sohn
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2020; 58(6): 635. CrossRef
Metagonimus suifunensis sp. n. (Trematoda: Heterophyidae) from the Russian Southern Far East: Morphology, life cycle, and molecular data
P.G. Shumenko, Y.V. Tatonova, V.V. Besprozvannykh
Parasitology International.2017; 66(1): 982. CrossRef

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Monitoring of Fasciola Species Contamination in Water Dropwort by COX1 Mitochondrial and ITS-2 rDNA Sequencing Analysis: In-Wook Choi, Hwang-Yong Kim, Juan-Hua Quan, Jae-Gee Ryu, Rubing Sun, Young-Ha Lee; Korean J Parasitol 2015;53(5):641-645.
Published online October 29, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2015.53.5.641

Abstract
PDF

Fascioliasis, a food-borne trematode zoonosis, is a disease primarily in cattle and sheep and occasionally in humans. Water dropwort (Oenanthe javanica), an aquatic perennial herb, is a common second intermediate host of Fasciola, and the fresh stems and leaves are widely used as a seasoning in the Korean diet. However, no information regarding Fasciola species contamination in water dropwort is available. Here, we collected 500 samples of water dropwort in 3 areas in Korea during February and March 2015, and the water dropwort contamination of Fasciola species was monitored by DNA sequencing analysis of the Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica specific mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) and nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS-2). Among the 500 samples assessed, the presence of F. hepatica cox1 and 1TS-2 markers were detected in 2 samples, and F. hepatica contamination was confirmed by sequencing analysis. The nucleotide sequences of cox1 PCR products from the 2 F. hepatica-contaminated samples were 96.5% identical to the F. hepatica cox1 sequences in GenBank, whereas F. gigantica cox1 sequences were 46.8% similar with the sequence detected from the cox1 positive samples. However, F. gigantica cox1 and ITS-2 markers were not detected by PCR in the 500 samples of water dropwort. Collectively, in this survey of the water dropwort contamination with Fasciola species, very low prevalence of F. hepatica contamination was detected in the samples.

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Isolation and molecular identification of liver fluke cercariae in freshwater snails of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, Iran
Bijan Hosseinpour Aghaei, Nadia Taiefi Nasrabadi, Yaser Pirali Kheirabadi, Seyed Shapoor Reza Shojaei
Molluscan Research.2024; 44(1): 84. CrossRef
Morphological and molecular identification of lymnaeid snail and trematodes cercariae in different water bodies in Perak, Malaysia
Nazir Ahmad Tookhy, Nur Mahiza Md Isa, Rozaihan Mansor, Yasmin Abd Rahaman, Nur Indah Ahmad, Dung Thi Bui, Lokman Hakim Idris, Noor Hazfalinda Hamzah, Norhadila Zulkifli
Parasitology Research.2023; 122(7): 1475. CrossRef
Green vegetable juice as a potential source of human fascioliasis in Korea
Sungim Choi, Sunghee Park, Sooji Hong, Hyejoo Shin, Bong-Kwang Jung, Min Jae Kim
One Health.2022; 15: 100441. CrossRef
Phylogenetic Characteristics of Fasciola hepatica Isolated from a Korean Patient
Mi Jin Jeong, Jae Kyun Park, Hak Sun Yu
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2022; 60(5): 367. CrossRef
A Descriptive Study of Human Fascioliasis in Qaemshahr, Mazandaran Province, Iran: Its Prevalence and Risk Factors
Lotfollah Davoodi, Azadeh Mizani, Roya Najafi-Vosough, Saeed Hosseini Teshnizi, afsane amouei, Mousa Motavallihaghi, Hamideh Izadyar, Fateme Amuei, Sara Pourhaghighi, Seyed Reza Mirbadie, Eissa Soleymani
Archives of Clinical Infectious Diseases.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
A Review ofOenanthe javanica(Blume) DC. as Traditional Medicinal Plant and Its Therapeutic Potential
Chuan-li Lu, Xiu-fen Li
Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine.2019; 2019: 1. CrossRef
Human fascioliasis infection sources, their diversity, incidence factors, analytical methods and prevention measures
S. Mas-Coma, M. D. Bargues, M. A. Valero
Parasitology.2018; 145(13): 1665. CrossRef

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Anisakis pegreffii Larvae in Sea Eels (Astroconger myriaster) from the South Sea, Republic of Korea: Jaeeun Cho, Hyemi Lim, Bong-Kwang Jung, Eun-Hee Shin, Jong-Yil Chai; Korean J Parasitol 2015;53(3):349-353.
Published online June 30, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2015.53.3.349

Abstract
PDF

Anisakis simplex sensu stricto (s.s.), Anisakis pegreffii, Anisakis berlandi (=A. simplex sp. C), and Anisakis typica are the 4 major species of Anisakis type I larvae. In the Republic of Korea (Korea), A. pegreffii, A. berlandi, and A. typica larvae in fish hosts has seldom been documented. In this study, molecular analysis was performed on Anisakis larvae from the sea eels (Astroconger myriaster), the major source of human anisakiasis in Korea, collected from Tongyeong City, a southern coastal area of Korea. All 20 sea eels examined were infected with Anisakis type I larvae (160 larvae; 8 per fish). Their species were analyzed using PCR-RFLP patterns and nucleotide sequences of internal transcribed spacers (ITS1, 5.8 subunit gene, and ITS2) and mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase 2 (cox2). Most (86.8%; 112/129) of the Anisakis type I larvae were A. pegreffii, and 7.8% (10/129) were A. typica. The remaining 5.4% (7/129) was not identified. Thus, A. pegreffii is the major species of anisakid larvae in sea eels of the southern coast of Korea.

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Fang Ding, Sui Gu, Mu-Rong Yi, Yun-Rong Yan, Wei-Kuang Wang, Kwong-Chung Tung
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Journal of Nematology.2021; 53(1): 1. CrossRef
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Kazuki Yamamoto, Osamu Takahashi, Daiki Kobayashi
Parasitology International.2020; 75: 102024. CrossRef
Genera and Species of the Anisakidae Family and Their Geographical Distribution
Juan C. Ángeles-Hernández, Fabian R. Gómez-de Anda, Nydia E. Reyes-Rodríguez, Vicente Vega-Sánchez, Patricia B. García-Reyna, Rafael G. Campos-Montiel, Norma L. Calderón-Apodaca, Celene Salgado-Miranda, Andrea P. Zepeda-Velázquez
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Hyunsu Kim, Kyung-Wan Baek, Mi-Kyung Park, Kyung-Yoon Jeon, Eun-Ji Ko, Hee-Jae Cha, Mee Sun Ock
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Hyemi Song, Bong-Kwang Jung, Jaeeun Cho, Taehee Chang, Sun Huh, Jong-Yil Chai
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2019; 57(2): 207. CrossRef
Anisakid Larvae from Anchovies in the South Coast of Korea
Taehee Chang, Bong-Kwang Jung, Sooji Hong, Hyejoo Shin, Jeonggyu Lee, Laddawan Patarwut, Jong-Yil Chai
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Original Articles

Genetic Diversity of Schistosoma haematobium Eggs Isolated from Human Urine in Sudan: Juan-Hua Quan, In-Wook Choi, Hassan Ahmed Hassan Ahmed Ismail, Abdoelohab Saed Mohamed, Hoo-Gn Jeong, Jin-Su Lee, Sung-Tae Hong, Tai-Soon Yong, Guang-Ho Cha, Young-Ha Lee; Korean J Parasitol 2015;53(3):271-277.
Published online June 30, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2015.53.3.271

Abstract
PDF

The genetic diversity of Schistosoma haematobium remains largely unstudied in comparison to that of Schistosoma mansoni. To characterize the extent of genetic diversity in S. haematobium among its definitive host (humans), we collected S. haematobium eggs from the urine of 73 infected schoolchildren at 5 primary schools in White Nile State, Sudan, and then performed a randomly amplified polymorphic DNA marker ITS2 by PCR-RFLP analysis. Among 73 S. haematobium egg-positive cases, 13 were selected based on the presence of the S. haematobium satellite markers A4 and B2 in their genomic DNA, and used for RFLP analysis. The 13 samples were subjected to an RFLP analysis of the S. haematobium ITS2 region; however, there was no variation in size among the fragments. Compared to the ITS2 sequences obtained for S. haematobium from Kenya, the nucleotide sequences of the ITS2 regions of S. haematobium from 4 areas in Sudan were consistent with those from Kenya (> 99%). In this study, we demonstrate for the first time that most of the S. haematobium population in Sudan consists of a pan-African S. haematobium genotype; however, we also report the discovery of Kenyan strain inflow into White Nile, Sudan.

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Analysis of DNA cox1 barcoding revealed novel haplotype in Schistosoma haematobium isolated from Western Sudan
Ishraga Adam Elzain, Abeer Babiker Idris, Abdul Aziz Karim, Nagla Mohamed Ahmed, Salaheldein G. Elzaki, Semih Yılmaz, Mohamed A. Hassan, Hamid Suliman Abdalla
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Molecular Detection of Urogenital Schistosomiasis in Community Level in Semi-Rural Areas in South-East Gabon
Lady Charlène Kouna, Sandrine Lydie Oyegue-Liabagui, Chenis Nick Atiga, Chérone Nancy Mbani Mpega Ntigui, Roméo Karl Imboumy-Limoukou, Jean Claude Biteghe BI Essone, Steede Seinnat Ontoua, Diamella Nancy Moukodoum, Alain Prince Okouga, Jean Bernard Lekana
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Molecular diagnosis of urogenital schistosomiasis in pre-school children, school-aged children and women of reproductive age at community level in central Senegal
Doudou Sow, Khadime Sylla, Ndeye Marème Dieng, Bruno Senghor, Papa Mouhamadou Gaye, Cheikh B. Fall, Ndiaw Goumballa, Aldiouma Diallo, Jean Louis A. Ndiaye, Philippe Parola, Cheikh Sokhna, Souleymane Doucouré, Babacar Faye
Parasites & Vectors.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Population genetic structure of Schistosoma haematobium and Schistosoma haematobium × Schistosoma bovis hybrids among school-aged children in Côte d’Ivoire
Etienne K. Angora, Alexane Vangraefschepe, Jean-François Allienne, Hervé Menan, Jean T. Coulibaly, Aboulaye Meïté, Giovanna Raso, Mirko S. Winkler, William Yavo, André O. Touré, Eliézer K. N’Goran, Jakob Zinsstag, Jürg Utzinger, Oliver Balmer, Jérôme Bois
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Rabecca Tembo, Panji Nkhoma, Mildred Zulu, Florence Mwaba, John Yabe, Hikabasa Halwiindi, Moses Kamwela, King S Nalubamba, Chummy S Sikasunge, Andrew M Phri
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Acta Tropica.2020; 204: 105363. CrossRef

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Developmental and Phylogenetic Characteristics of Stellantchasmus falcatus (Trematoda: Heterophyidae) from Thailand: Pralongyut Sripalwit, Chalobol Wongsawad, Thapana Chontananarth, Somboon Anuntalabhochai, Pheravut Wongsawad, Jong-Yil Chai; Korean J Parasitol 2015;53(2):201-207.
Published online April 22, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2015.53.2.201

Abstract
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This study aimed to investigate the infection status, worm development, and phylogenetic characteristics of the intestinal trematode, Stellantchasmus falcatus. The metacercariae of S. falcatus were detected only in the half-beak (Dermogenus pusillus) out of the 4 fish species examined. Their prevalence was 90.0%, and the intensity of infection was 919 metacercariae on average. Worms were recovered from 33 (97.1%) of 34 chicks that were experimentally infected with 200 S. falcatus metacercariae each, and the average recovery rate was 43.0%. The body size and inner organs of S. falcatus quickly increased in the experimental chicks over days 1-2 post-infection (PI). In addition, ITS2 sequence data of this parasite were analyzed to examine the phylogenetic relationships with other trematodes using the UPGMA method. The results indicated that the ITS2 sequence data recorded from trematodes in the family Heterophyidae appeared to be monophyletic. This study concluded that D. pusillus serves as a compatible second intermediate host of S. falcatus in Thailand and that S. falcatus can develop rapidly in the experimental chicks. Data collected from this study can help to close the gap in knowledge regarding the epidemiology, biology, and phylogenetic characteristics of S. falcatus in Thailand.

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O. Pitaksakulrat, P. Sithithaworn, K.Y. Kopolrat, N. Kiatsopit, W. Saijuntha, R.H. Andrews, T.N. Petney, D. Blair
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Infections of Digenetic Trematode Metacercariae in Wrestling Halfbeak, Dermogenys pusilla from Bangkok Metropolitan Region in Thailand
Laddawan Patarwut, Thapana Chontananarth, Jong-Yil Chai, Watchariya Purivirojkul
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2020; 58(1): 27. CrossRef
Morphological and Molecular Identification of Stellantchasmus dermogenysi n. sp. (Digenea: Heterophyidae) in Thailand
Chalobol Wongsawad, Nattawadee Nantarat, Pheravut Wongsawad, Preeyaporn Butboonchoo, Jong-Yil Chai
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2019; 57(3): 257. CrossRef
Multiplex PCR assay for discrimination of Centrocestus caninus and Stellantchasmus falcatus
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Phylogenetic analysis reveals cryptic species diversity within minute intestinal fluke, Stellantchasmus falcatus Onji and Nishio, 1916 (Trematoda, Heterophyidae)
Chalobol Wongsawad, Nattawadee Nantarat, Pheravut Wongsawad
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Jong-Yil Chai, Bong-Kwang Jung
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Fasciola hepatica in Snails Collected from Water-Dropwort Fields using PCR: Hwang-Yong Kim, In-Wook Choi, Yeon-Rok Kim, Juan-Hua Quan, Hassan Ahmed Hassan Ahmed Ismail, Guang-Ho Cha, Sung-Jong Hong, Young-Ha Lee; Korean J Parasitol 2014;52(6):645-652.
Published online December 23, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2014.52.6.645

Abstract
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Fasciola hepatica is a trematode that causes zoonosis mainly in cattle and sheep and occasionally in humans. Fascioliasis has been reported in Korea; however, determining F. hepatica infection in snails has not been done recently. Thus, using PCR, we evaluated the prevalence of F. hepatica infection in snails at 4 large water-dropwort fields. Among 349 examined snails, F. hepatica-specific internal transcribed space 1 (ITS-1) and/or ITS-2 markers were detected in 12 snails and confirmed using sequence analysis. Morphologically, 213 of 349 collected snails were dextral shelled, which is the same aperture as the lymnaeid snail, the vectorial host for F. hepatica. Among the 12 F. hepatica-infected snails, 6 were known first intermediate hosts in Korea (Lymnaea viridis and L. ollula) and the remaining 6 (Lymnaea sp.) were potentially a new first intermediate host in Korea. It has been shown that the overall prevalence of the snails contaminated with F. hepatica in water-dropwort fields was 3.4%; however, the prevalence varied among the fields. This is the first study to estimate the prevalence of F. hepatica infection using the vectorial capacity of the snails in Korea.

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Distribution and Fasciola infection rates of Lymnaea snails and cattle in high-salinity areas of Mekong Delta, Vietnam
Dang Thi LOAN, Lam Thanh NGUYEN, Tran Ngoc BICH, Nguyen Thuy Y VI, Yasunobu MATSUMOTO
Journal of Veterinary Medical Science.2025; 87(3): 291. CrossRef
Susceptibility of lymnaeid snails to Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica (Digenea: Fasciolidae): a systematic review and meta-analysis
Philile Ignecious Ngcamphalala, Ignore Nyagura, Mokgadi Pulane Malatji, Samson Mukaratirwa
PeerJ.2025; 13: e18976. CrossRef
Green vegetable juice as a potential source of human fascioliasis in Korea
Sungim Choi, Sunghee Park, Sooji Hong, Hyejoo Shin, Bong-Kwang Jung, Min Jae Kim
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Snail-borne parasitic diseases: an update on global epidemiological distribution, transmission interruption and control methods
Xiao-Ting Lu, Qiu-Yun Gu, Yanin Limpanont, Lan-Gui Song, Zhong-Dao Wu, Kamolnetr Okanurak, Zhi-Yue Lv
Infectious Diseases of Poverty.2018;[Epub] CrossRef
Morphological Characterization of Emerging Cercariae among Lymnaeid Snails from Barangay Cawongan, Padre Garcia, Batangas, Philippines
Gregorio L. Martin I, Esperanza C. Cabrera
Journal of Parasitology Research.2018; 2018: 1. CrossRef
A Case of Fascioliasis in A Wild Nutria, Myocastor coypus, in Republic of Korea
Hyo-Seok Kim, Joo-Yeon Kong, Jong-Hyun Kim, Seong-Chan Yeon, Il-Hwa Hong
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2018; 56(4): 375. CrossRef
Monitoring of Fasciola Species Contamination in Water Dropwort by COX1 Mitochondrial and ITS-2 rDNA Sequencing Analysis
In-Wook Choi, Hwang-Yong Kim, Juan-Hua Quan, Jae-Gee Ryu, Rubing Sun, Young-Ha Lee
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2015; 53(5): 641. CrossRef
Ectopic Human Fasciola hepatica Infection by an Adult Worm in the Mesocolon
Ah Jin Kim, Chang Hwan Choi, Sun Keun Choi, Yong Woon Shin, Yun-Kyu Park, Lucia Kim, Suk Jin Choi, Jee Young Han, Joon Mee Kim, Young Chae Chu, In Suh Park
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2015; 53(6): 725. CrossRef

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Molecular Analysis of Anisakis Type I Larvae in Marine Fish from Three Different Sea Areas in Korea: Woon-Mok Sohn, Jung-Mi Kang, Byoung-Kuk Na; Korean J Parasitol 2014;52(4):383-389.
Published online August 29, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2014.52.4.383

Abstract
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Anisakiasis, a human infection of Anisakis L3 larvae, is one of the common foodborne parasitic diseases in Korea. Studies on the identification of anisakid larvae have been performed in the country, but most of them have been focused on morphological identification of the larvae. In this study, we analyzed the molecular characteristics of 174 Anisakis type I larvae collected from 10 species of fish caught in 3 different sea areas in Korea. PCR-RFLP and sequence analyses of rDNA ITS and mtDNA cox1 revealed that the larvae showed interesting distribution patterns depending on fish species and geographical locations. Anisakis pegreffii was predominant in fish from the Yellow Sea and the South Sea. Meanwhile, both A. pegreffii and A. simplex sensu stricto (A. simplex s.str.) larvae were identified in fish from the East Sea, depending on fish species infected. These results suggested that A. pegreffii was primarily distributed in a diverse species of fish in 3 sea areas around Korea, but A. simplex s.str. was dominantly identified in Oncorhynchus spp. in the East Sea.

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Mi-Gyeong Kim, Min Ji Hong, Doo Won Seo, Hyun Mi Jung, Hyun-Ja Han, Seung Hwan Kim, Insun Joo, Elingarami Sauli
PLOS One.2025; 20(4): e0320724. CrossRef
Genetic analyses of Anisakis pegreffii (Nematoda: Anisakidae) from the East Asian finless porpoise Neophocaena asiaeorientalis sunameri (Cetacea: Phocoenidae) in Korean waters
Sunmin Kim, Jong Yoon Jeon, Kyunglee Lee, Hyunjoo Lee, Han Chan Park, Kyung Eun Lee, Hang Lee, Sung Bin Lee, Sang Wha Kim, Se Chang Park, Seongjun Choe, Heejeong Youn
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Phylogenetic and phylogeographic analyses of Anisakis simplex sensu stricto (Nematoda: Anisakidae) from the common minke whale in Korean waters
Sunmin Kim, Bom Sok Lee, Seongjun Choe
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What Do In Vitro and In Vivo Models Tell Us about Anisakiasis? New Tools Still to Be Explored
Serena Cavallero, Ilaria Bellini, Antonella Pizzarelli, Stefano D’Amelio
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Putri Desi Wulan Sari, Sri Subekti, Yarin Dwi Monica
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Eman Mostafa, Marwa Omar, Shimaa. S. Hassan, Mohamed Samir
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Mohamed Abdelsalam, Marwa M. Attia, Mahmoud A. Mahmoud
Regional Studies in Marine Science.2020; 39: 101469. CrossRef
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Hyunsu Kim, Kyung-Wan Baek, Mi-Kyung Park, Kyung-Yoon Jeon, Eun-Ji Ko, Hee-Jae Cha, Mee Sun Ock
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Jorge Costa Eiras, Gilberto Cezar Pavanelli, Ricardo Massato Takemoto, Yukifumi Nawa
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2018; 56(3): 215. CrossRef
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Liang Li, Jin-Yu Zhao, Hui-Xia Chen, Hui-Dong Ju, Meng An, Zhen Xu, Lu-Ping Zhang
International Journal of Food Microbiology.2017; 241: 108. CrossRef
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Jaeeun Cho, Hyemi Lim, Bong-Kwang Jung, Eun-Hee Shin, Jong-Yil Chai
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2015; 53(3): 349. CrossRef
Anisakiasis: Report of 15 Gastric Cases Caused by Anisakis Type I Larvae and a Brief Review of Korean Anisakiasis Cases
Woon-Mok Sohn, Byoung-Kuk Na, Tae Hyo Kim, Tae-Joon Park
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2015; 53(4): 465. CrossRef
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Yun-Jen Chen, Chun-Chun Wu, Jui-Sen Yang
Research Journal of Parasitology.2015; 10(3): 79. CrossRef

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Case Report

A Case of Fasciola hepatica Infection Mimicking Cholangiocarcinoma and ITS-1 Sequencing of the Worm: Bong Kyun Kang, Bong-Kwang Jung, Yoon Suk Lee, In Kyeom Hwang, Hyemi Lim, Jaeeun Cho, Jin-Hyeok Hwang, Jong-Yil Chai; Korean J Parasitol 2014;52(2):193-196.
Published online April 18, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2014.52.2.193

Abstract
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Fascioliasis is a zoonotic infection caused by Fasciola hepatica or Fasciola gigantica. We report an 87-year-old Korean male patient with postprandial abdominal pain and discomfort due to F. hepatica infection who was diagnosed and managed by endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) with extraction of 2 worms. At his first visit to the hospital, a gallbladder stone was suspected. CT and magnetic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) showed an intraductal mass in the common bile duct (CBD) without proximal duct dilatation. Based on radiological findings, the presumed diagnosis was intraductal cholangiocarcinoma. However, in ERCP which was performed for biliary decompression and tissue diagnosis, movable materials were detected in the CBD. Using a basket, 2 living leaf-like parasites were removed. The worms were morphologically compatible with F. hepatica. To rule out the possibility of the worms to be another morphologically close species, in particular F. gigantica, 1 specimen was processed for genetic analysis of its ITS-1 region. The results showed that the present worms were genetically identical (100%) with F. hepatica but different from F. gigantica.

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Mi Jin Jeong, Jae Kyun Park, Hak Sun Yu
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Hyun Joon Park, Gil-Soon Choi, Minjung Jung, Sang Uk Lee
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Nuno Vale, Maria João Gouveia, Fátima Gärtner, Paul J Brindley
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F-18-FDG PET/BT’de kolanjiosellüler kanseri taklit eden Fasciola hepatica vakası
Hüseyin KAÇMAZ, Elif Tuğba TUNCEL, Berat EBİK, Feyzullah UÇMAK, Muhsin KAYA, Kendal YALÇIN
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Original Article

Molecular Variation in the Paragonimus heterotremus Complex in Thailand and Myanmar: Oranuch Sanpool, Pewpan M. Intapan, Tongjit Thanchomnang, Penchom Janwan, Yukifumi Nawa, David Blair, Wanchai Maleewong; Korean J Parasitol 2013;51(6):677-681.
Published online December 31, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2013.51.6.677

Abstract
PDF

Paragonimiasis is an important food-borne parasitic zoonosis caused by infection with lung flukes of the genus Paragonimus. Of the 7 members of the genus known in Thailand until recently, only P. heterotremus has been confirmed as causing human disease. An 8th species, P. pseudoheterotremus, has recently been proposed from Thailand, and has been found in humans. Molecular data place this species as a sister species to P. heterotremus, and it is likely that P. pseudoheterotremus is not specifically distinct from P. heterotremus. In this study, we collected metacercariae of both nominal species (identification based on metacercarial morphology) from freshwater crabs from Phetchabun Province in northern Thailand, Saraburi Province in central Thailand, and Surat Thani Province in southern Thailand. In addition, we purchased freshwater crabs imported from Myanmar at Myawaddy Province, western Thailand, close to the Myanmar-Thailand border. The DNAs extracted from excysted metacercariae were PCR-amplified and sequenced for ITS2 and cox1 genes. The ITS2 sequences were nearly identical among all samples (99-100%). Phylogenies inferred from all available partial cox1 sequences contained several clusters. Sequences from Indian P. heterotremus formed a sister group to sequences from P. pseudoheterotremus-type metacercariae. Sequences of P. heterotremus from Thailand, Vietnam, and China formed a separate distinct clade. One metacercaria from Phitsanulok Province was distinct from all others. There is clearly considerable genetic variation in the P. heterotremus complex in Thailand and the form referred to as P. pseudoheterotremus is widely distributed in Thailand and the Thai-Myanmar border region.

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Considerable genetic diversity within Paragonimus heterotremus in Luang Prabang, northern Lao People's Democratic Republic
Alongkorn Nonthapa, Rutchanee Rodpai, Tongjit Thanchomnang, Patcharaporn Boonroumkaew, Lakkhana Sadaow, David Blair, Pewpan M. Intapan, Wanchai Maleewong, Virasack Banouvong, Sakhone Laymanivong, Oranuch Sanpool
Infection, Genetics and Evolution.2025; 128: 105718. CrossRef
Nuclear ribosomal transcription units in Asian Paragonimus species (Paragonimidae: Platyhelminthes): genetic characteristics, polymorphism, and implications for intersuperfamilial phylogeny
Khue Thi Nguyen, Huong Thi Thanh Doan, Linh Thi Khanh Pham, Do Thi Roan, Takeshi Agatsuma, Pham Ngoc Doanh, Thanh Hoa Le
Parasitology Research.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Morphological and Molecular Characterization of Paragonimus skrjabini Complex from Yunnan, China: A Brief Report
Qiu-Hong Shu, Shu-De Li, Ming Tian, Yong Meng, Shu-Mei-Qi He, Min Zhu, Miao-Miao Wang, Wen-Lin Wang
Acta Parasitologica.2022; 67(1): 316. CrossRef
The potential use of mitochondrial ribosomal genes (12S and 16S) in DNA barcoding and phylogenetic analysis of trematodes
Abigail Hui En Chan, Naowarat Saralamba, Sompob Saralamba, Jiraporn Ruangsittichai, Urusa Thaenkham
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Jong-Yil Chai, Bong-Kwang Jung
Parasitology.2022; 149(10): 1262. CrossRef
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Yoshifumi Nakagawa, Yuki Ikematsu, Takayuki Nakanishi, Yuji Ogawa, Ryuichi Taen, Yasunori Nakashima, Hironao Okabe, Ayako Yoshida, Haruhiko Maruyama
Parasitology International.2021; 81: 102279. CrossRef
Development of point-of-care testing tool using immunochromatography for rapid diagnosis of human paragonimiasis
Lakkhana Sadaow, Oranuch Sanpool, Hiroshi Yamasaki, Wanchai Maleewong, Pewpan M. Intapan
Acta Tropica.2020; 203: 105325. CrossRef
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Ayako Yoshida, Pham Ngoc Doanh, Haruhiko Maruyama
Acta Tropica.2019; 199: 105074. CrossRef
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Carolina Lenis, Alicia Galiano, Imelda Vélez, Iván Darío Vélez, Carlos Muskus, Antonio Marcilla
Acta Tropica.2018; 183: 95. CrossRef
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Helminthologia.2015; 52(3): 167. CrossRef

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Case Reports

Molecular Diagnosis of an Ocular Toxocariasis Patient in Vietnam: Nguyen Van De, Nguyen Vu Trung, Le Van Duyet, Jong-Yil Chai; Korean J Parasitol 2013;51(5):563-567.
Published online October 31, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2013.51.5.563

Abstract
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An ocular Toxocara canis infection is reported for the first time in Vietnam. A 34-year-old man residing in a village of Son La Province, North Vietnam, visited the National Eye Hospital (NEH) in August 2011. He felt a bulge-sticking pain in his left eye and loss of vision occurred over 3 months before visiting the hospital. The eye examination in the hospital showed damage of the left eye, red eye, retinal fibrosis, retinal detachment, inflammation of the eye tissues, retinal granulomas, and a parasitic cyst inside. A larva of Toxocara was collected with the cyst by a medical doctor by surgery. Comparison of 264 nucleotides of internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) of ribosomal DNA was done between our Vietnamese Toxocara canis and other Toxocara geographical isolates, including Chinese T. canis, Japanese T. canis, Sri Lankan T. canis, and Iranian T. canis. The nucleotide homology was 97-99%, when our T. canis was compared with geographical isolates. Identification of a T. canis infection in the eye by a molecular method was performed for the first time in Vietnam.

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A Case of Fatal Strongyloidiasis in a Patient with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia and Molecular Characterization of the Isolate: Eshrat Beigom Kia, Hamid Reza Rahimi, Hossein Mirhendi, Mohammad Reza Nilforoushan, Ardeshir Talebi, Farzaneh Zahabiun, Hamid Kazemzadeh, Ahmad Reza Meamar; Korean J Parasitol 2008;46(4):261-263.
Published online December 20, 2008; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2008.46.4.261

Abstract
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Strongyloides stercoralis is a human intestinal parasite which may lead to complicated strongyloidiasis in immunocompromised. Here, a case of complicated strongyloidiasis in a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukemia is reported. Presence of numerous S. stercoralis larvae in feces and sputum confirmed the diagnosis of hyperinfection syndrome in this patient. Following recovery of filariform larvae from agar plate culture of the stool, the isolate was characterized for the ITS1 region of ribosomal DNA gene by nested-PCR and sequencing. Albendazole therapy did not have cure effects; and just at the beginning of taking ivermectin, the patient died. The most important clue to prevent such fatal consequences is early diagnosis and proper treatment.

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Olga C Rojas, Alexandra M Montoya, Hiram Villanueva-Lozano, Diego Carrion-Alvarez
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Fatal Disseminated Strongyloidiasis in an Immunosuppressed Patient During COVID-19 Pandemic
Eissa Soleymani, Lotfollah Davoodi, Shadi Shayesteh Azar, Seyed Reza Mirbadiei, Fatemeh Parandin, Afshin Azimi, Azadeh Mizani, Zohreh Khorshidvand, Mahdi Fakhar
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Mandana Fadaei Tehrani, Meysam Sharifdini, Farzaneh Zahabiun, Robabeh Latifi, Eshrat Beigom Kia
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Reza Ghasemikhah, Mohammad Tabatabaiefar, Seyed Shariatzadeh, Abbas Shahbazi, Teymour Hazratian
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Brief Communication

Differential diagnosis of Trichostrongylus and hookworm eggs via PCR using ITS-1 sequence: Tai-Soon Yong, Jong-Ho Lee, Seobo Sim, Jongweon Lee, Duk-Young Min, Jong-Yil Chai, Keeseon S. Eom, Woon-Mok Sohn, Soon-Hyung Lee, Han-Jong Rim; Korean J Parasitol 2007;45(1):69-74.
Published online March 20, 2007; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2007.45.1.69

Abstract
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Trichostrongylus eggs observed in cellophane-thick smears are difficult, in practice, to distinguish from hookworm eggs. In order to overcome these limitations, a molecular approach was conducted. A Trichostrongylus colubriformis adult worm was obtained from a human in Laos, which was identified morphologically. ITS-1 sequence of this worm was determined, and found to be most similar with that of T. colubriformis among the Trichostrongylus spp. reported so far. Then, this sequence was compared with those of human hookworm species, Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus, and species-specific oligonucleotide primers were designed. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using these primers evidenced specifically amplified PCR products of Trichostrongylus sp., A. duodenale and N. americanus from the eggs of each (520 bp, 690 bp, and 870 bp, respectively). A species-specific PCR technique can be developed in order to study the epidemiology of Trichostrongylus spp. and hookworms in endemic areas.

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Original Article

Long-lasting sonographic and histopathological findings in cured clonorchiasis of rabbits: Dongil Choi, Jae Hoon Lim, Seung Kwon Kim, Eung Yeop Kim, Mejeong Lee, Sung-Tae Hong; Korean J Parasitol 1999;37(2):77-83.
Published online June 30, 1999; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.1999.37.2.77

Abstract
PDF

To ascertain residual sonographic and histopathological findings of clonorchiasis after treatment, the present study evaluated sonographic findings in rabbits which were infected with 500 metacercariae of C. sinensis every 6 months for 18 months after treatment with praziquantel. The sonographic findings were analyzed in terms of intrahepatic bile duct dilatation and periductal echogenicity, and histopathological findings were observed after the last sonographic examination. Compared with the sonographic findings before treatment, dilatation of the intrahepatic bile ducts became mild to some degree in four of the seven cases and increased periductal echogenicity resolved in four of them. The histopathological specimens after 18 months showed that periductal inflammation has almost resolved but moderate dilatation of the intrahepatic ducts and mucosal hyperplasia persisted. The periductal fibrosis minimally resolved. The long-lasting sonographic findings in cured clonorchiasis make sonography less specific.

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Clonorchis sinensis and Cholangiocarcinoma
Eun-Min Kim, Sung-Tae Hong
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Gadolinium ethoxybenzyl diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid-enhanced T1 mapping to evaluate liver damage caused by Clonorchis sinensis
Yanhan Xiang, Ningqin Li, Zhongyang Zhou, Jing Fang, Jinyuan Liao
Radiology of Infectious Diseases.2021; 8(3): 108. CrossRef
Changes in Sonographic Findings after Treatment of Patients with Clonorchiasis in a Heavy Endemic Area
Dongil Choi, Yong Hwan Jeon, Geun-Chan Lee, Min-Ho Choi, Sung-Tae Hong
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2009; 47(1): 19. CrossRef
Gallstones and Clonorchis sinensis infection: A hospital‐based case–control study in Korea
Dongil Choi, Jae Hoon Lim, Kyu Taek Lee, Jong Kyun Lee, Seong Ho Choi, Jin Seok Heo, Dong Wook Choi, Kee‐Taek Jang, Nam Yong Lee, Seonwoo Kim, Sung‐Tae Hong
Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology.2008;[Epub] CrossRef
Imaging diagnosis of clonorchiasis
Dongil Choi, Sung-Tae Hong
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2007; 45(2): 77. CrossRef
Cholangiocarcinoma and Clonorchis sinensis infection: A case–control study in Korea
Dongil Choi, Jae Hoon Lim, Kyu Taek Lee, Jong Kyun Lee, Seong Ho Choi, Jin Seok Heo, Kee-Taek Jang, Nam Yong Lee, Seonwoo Kim, Sung-Tae Hong
Journal of Hepatology.2006; 44(6): 1066. CrossRef
Sonographic findings of active Clonorchis sinensis infection
Dongil Choi, Sung‐Tae Hong, Jae Hoon Lim, Seung‐Yull Cho, Han‐Jong Rim, Zhuo Ji, Ren Yuan, Shuyu Wang
Journal of Clinical Ultrasound.2004; 32(1): 17. CrossRef
Bile duct changes in rats reinfected with Clonorchis sinensis
Dongil Choi, Sung-Tae Hong, Shunyu Li, Byung-Suk Chung, Jae Hoon Lim, Soon-Hyung Lee
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2004; 42(1): 7. CrossRef
Clonorchiasis and Cholangiocarcinoma: Etiologic Relationship and Imaging Diagnosis
Byung Ihn Choi, Joon Koo Han, Sung Tae Hong, Kyoung Ho Lee
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Experimental Clonorchiasis in Dogs: CT Findings before and after Treatment
Kyoung Ho Lee, Sung Tae Hong, Joon Koo Han, Chang Jin Yoon, Sun Lee, Se Hyung Kim, Byung Ihn Choi
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