Parasites, Hosts and Diseases

"SEM"

Case Report

A case of disseminated strongyloidiasis diagnosed by worms in the urinary sediment: Young-Ha Lee; Parasites Hosts Dis 2024;62(2):238-242.
Published online May 27, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/PHD.23124

Abstract
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Strongyloidiasis is a chronic infection caused by the intestinal nematode parasite Strongyloides stercoralis and is characterized by a diverse spectrum of nonspecific clinical manifestations. This report describe a case of disseminated strongyloidiasis with urination difficulty, generalized weakness, and chronic alcoholism diagnosed through the presence of worms in the urinary sediment. A 53-year-old man was hospitalized for severe abdominal distension and urinary difficulties that started 7–10 days prior. The patient also presented with generalized weakness that had persisted for 3 years, passed loose stools without diarrhea, and complained of dyspnea. In the emergency room, approximately 7 L of urine was collected, in which several free-living female adult and rhabditiform larvae of S. stercoralis, identified through their morphological characteristics and size measurements, were detected via microscopic examination. Rhabditiform larvae of S. stercoralis were also found in the patient’s stool. During hospitalization, the patient received treatment for strongyloidiasis, chronic alcoholism, peripheral neurosis, neurogenic bladder, and megaloblastic anemia, and was subsequently discharged with improved generalized conditions. Overall, this report presents a rare case of disseminated strongyloidiasis in which worms were detected in the urinary sediment of a patient with urination difficulties and generalized weakness combined with chronic alcoholism, neurogenic bladder, and megaloblastic anemia.

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Tropical gastrointestinal infections of contemporary public health importance
Carlos Seas, Pedro Legua
Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases.2025; 38(5): 426. CrossRef

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Original Article

Secretome Analysis of Host Cells Infected with Toxoplasma gondii after Treatment of Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2/4 Inhibitors: Hye-Jung Kim, Hye-Jin Ahn, Hyeweon Kang, Jaehui Park, Seul gi Oh, Saehae Choi, Won-Kyu Lee, Ho-Woo Nam; Korean J Parasitol 2020;58(3):249-255.
Published online June 26, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2020.58.3.249

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Toxoplasma gondii, a ubiquitous, intracellular parasite of the phylum Apicomplexa, infects an estimated one-third of the human population as well as a broad range of warm-blooded animals. We have observed that some tyrosine kinase inhibitors suppressed the growth of T. gondii within host ARPE-10 cells. Among them, afatinib, human epithermal growth factor receptor 2 and 4 (HER2/4) inhibitor, may be used as a therapeutic agent for inhibiting parasite growth with minimal adverse effects on host. In this report, we conducted a proteomic analysis to observe changes in host proteins that were altered via infection with T. gondii and the treatment of HER2/4 inhibitors. Secreting proteins were subjected to a procedure of micor basic reverse phase liquid chromatography, nano-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, and ingenuity pathway analysis serially. As a result, the expression level of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K, semaphorin 7A, a GPI membrane anchor, serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A, and calpain small subunit 1 proteins were significantly changed, and which were confirmed further by western blot analysis. Changes in various proteins, including these 4 proteins, can be used as a basis for explaining the effects of T. gondii infections and HER2/4 inhibitors.

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Host cell proteins modulated upon Toxoplasma infection identified using proteomic approaches: a molecular rationale
Sajad Rashidi, Carmen Vieira, Reza Mansouri, Mohammad Ali-Hassanzadeh, Esmaeel Ghani, Mohammadreza Karimazar, Paul Nguewa, Raúl Manzano-Román
Parasitology Research.2022; 121(7): 1853. CrossRef

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Case Report

An Imported Case of Disseminated Echinococcosis in Korea: Dong Hoon Shin, Hae Chan Jo, Jeong-Han Kim, Kang Il Jun, Wan Beom Park, Nam-Joong Kim, Min-Ho Choi, Chang Kyung Kang, Myoung-don Oh; Korean J Parasitol 2019;57(4):429-434.
Published online August 31, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2019.57.4.429

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A complicated case of echinococcosis with multiple organ involvement is reported in a 53-year-old businessman who frequently traveled overseas, including China, Russia, and Kazakhstan from 2001 to 2007. The patient was first diagnosed with a large liver cyst during a screening abdomen ultrasonography in 2011, but he did not follow up on the lesion afterwards. Six years later, dizziness, dysarthria, and cough developed, and cystic lesions were found in the brain, liver and lungs. The clinical course was complicated when the patient went through multiple surgeries and inadequate treatment with a short duration of albendazole without a definite diagnosis. The patient visited our hospital for the first time in August 2018 due to worsening symptoms; he was finally diagnosed with echinococcosis using imaging and serologic criteria. He is now on prolonged albendazole treatment (400 mg twice a day) with gradual clinical and radiological improvement. A high index of suspicion is warranted to early diagnose echinococcosis in a patient with a travel history to endemic areas of echinococcosis.

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Imported parasitic diseases in the Republic of Korea: status and issues
Jong-Yil Chai
Journal of the Korean Medical Association.2025; 68(1): 52. CrossRef
Delayed Diagnosis of Imported Cystic Echinococcosis and Successful Treatment With Percutaneous Drainage and Albendazole in Korea: A Case Report
Won Jun Choi, Hanna Jin, Hyeon Jae Jo, Chan Mi Lee, Chang Kyung Kang, Pyoeng Gyun Choe, Wan Beom Park, Nam Joong Kim, Min-Ho Choi
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Clinical Implications for the Comprehensive Interpretation of Radiologic and Immunodiagnostic Tests in Patients Suspected of Parasitic Hepatic Cyst, a Rare Case in Korea
Jae-Sung Yoo, Min-Kyu Kang, Jung-Gil Park, Hyung-Joo Kim, Joon-Hyuk Choi
Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease.2023; 8(3): 155. CrossRef
Renal Hydatid With Tuberculosis in a Child: A Rare Coexistence
Sravanthi Vutukuru, Shailesh Solanki, Prema Menon, Nitin Peters, Ram Samujh, Radhika Srinivasan
Advances in Pediatric Surgery.2022; 28(2): 76. CrossRef
Hepatic Hydatid Cyst: A Case Report
Wan Chul Kim, Jae Uk Shin, Su Sin Jin
The Korean Journal of Gastroenterology.2021; 77(1): 35. CrossRef

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Original Articles

Sinuolinea capsularis (Myxosporea: Sinuolineidae) Isolated from Urinary Bladder of Cultured Olive Flounder Paralichthys olivaceus: Sang Phil Shin, Chang Nam Jin, Han Chang Sohn, Jehee Lee; Korean J Parasitol 2019;57(2):127-134.
Published online April 30, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2019.57.2.127

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Sinuolinea capsularis Davis, 1917 is myxosporean that infect the urinary system of the host fish. Insufficient morphological and molecular data of S. capsularis exits, and it is therefore difficult to make an accurate identification of the parasite. We tried a series of morphological and molecular analysis to identify an myxosporean isolated from urinary bladder of cultured olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus, from Jeju island in the Republic of Korea. Some of them were observed under a light microscope and SEM, and remain samples were used molecular and phylogenetic analysis. Mature spores were subspherical, measuring 13.9±0.6 μm in length and 13.8±0.8 μm in width. Two spherical polar capsules on opposite sides in the middle of the spore had a diameter range of 4.3±0.4 μm. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that spores a severely twisted the suture line. By the morphological comparison and analysis, it was identified as S. capsularis. In addition, we obtained the partial 18S rDNA of S. capsularis and first registered it in NCBI. Phylogenetic analysis showed that S. capsularis clustered with Zschokkella subclade infecting the urinary system of marine fish, and it supported the infection site tropism effect on phylogeny of marine myxosporeans as well as the origin of Sinuolinea is not monophyly.

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Kudoa ogawai (Myxosporea: Kudoidae) Infection in Cultured Olive Flounder Paralichthys olivaceus
Sang Phil Shin, Chang Nam Jin, Han Chang Sohn, Jehee Lee
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2019; 57(4): 439. CrossRef
A new species Myxodavisia jejuensis n. sp. (Myxosporea: Sinuolineidae) isolated from cultured olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus in South Korea
Sang Phil Shin, Chang Nam Jin, Han Chang Sohn, Hiroshi Yokoyama, Jehee Lee
Parasitology Research.2019; 118(11): 3105. CrossRef

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Morphological Studies of Developmental Stages of Oculotrema hippopotami (Monogenea: Polystomatidae) Infecting the Eye of Hippopotamus amphibius (Mammalia: Hippopotamidae) Using SEM and EDXA with Notes on Histopathology: Nataliya Yu. Rubtsova, Richard A. Heckmann, Willem J. Smit, Wilmien J. Luus-Powell, Ali Halajian, Francois Roux; Korean J Parasitol 2018;56(5):463-475.
Published online October 31, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2018.56.5.463

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The present study was performed to observe histopathological effects of Oculotrema hippopotami Stunkard, 1924 infection in the eye of Hippopotamus amphibius, as well as to reveal new details of morphology and structural features of this monogenean and its comparison between 2 age stages of the parasite. This was done using both light and scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDXA) and histopathology. The presence of a mixture of different generations (adult and sub-adult) in one host individual is common for Oculotrema Stunkard, 1924 in contrast to Polystoma Zeder, 1800. New metrical and graphical information obtained for adults and sub-adults compared with the previous studies. Here we show the presence of genital papillae in adults, metrical data on the distal part of the vas deferens. SEM micrographs of sperm ejaculatory structures and information about the flattened dorsal side of the body provided for the first time. Histopathological changes, such as necrosis and hemorrhage in host tissues as a result of O. hippopotami attachment structures are described. Structural analysis of different body parts of O. hippopotami of both age groups are also included. We show qualitative differences in the presence of hardening ions (S, P, Ca) in attachment structures (oral and haptor suckers) that increase with the age of the worm. The presence of sub-adults and adults on the same host, together with high levels of infection without high pathogenicity may account for Oculotrema being one of the most successful parasites among the Monogenea.

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Redescription and molecular analysis of Corynosoma pseudohamanni Zdzitowiecki, 1984 (Acanthocephala: Polymorphidae) juveniles from Notothenia coriiceps Richardson in the water area of Argentine Islands, West Antarctica
Omar M. Amin, Anshu Chaudhary, Makoto Enoki Caracciolo, Nataliya Yu. Rubtsova, Camila Wendt, Olga Lisitsyna, Tetiana A. Kuzmina, Wanderley de Souza, Hridaya S. Singh
Systematic Parasitology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Description of Pseudobenedeniella johnstoni sp. n. (Monogenea: Capsalidae) from the gills of Antarctic black rockcod, Notothenia coriiceps Richardson in coastal waters of West Antarctica
N. Y. Rubtsova, A. Chaudhary, S. Glotov, T. A. Kuzmina
Helminthologia.2024; 61(4): 327. CrossRef
Revision of Corynosoma australe Johnston, 1937 (Acanthocephala: Polymorphidae) from a North American population using novel SEM images, Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis, and molecular analysis
O. M. Amin, A. Chaudhary, H. S. Singh, T. Kuzmina
Helminthologia.2023; 60(1): 1. CrossRef
Redescription of Illiosentis cetratus Van Cleave, 1945 (Acanthocephala: Illiosentidae) from Menticirrhus undulatus (Girard) in California, with notes on Illiosentis furcatus from Peru
Omar M. Amin, Anshu Chaudhary, Hridaya S. Singh
Folia Parasitologica.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Redescription and Molecular Characterization of Pachysentis canicola Meyer, 1931 (Acanthocephala: Oligacanthorhynchidae) from the Maned Wolf, Chrysocyon brachyurus (Illiger, 1815) in Texas
Omar M. Amin, Anshu Chaudhary, Richard A. Heckmann, Julie Swenson, Hridaya S. Singh
Acta Parasitologica.2022; 67(1): 275. CrossRef
The morphological and molecular description of Neoechinorhynchus (Neoechinorhynchus) poonchensis sp. n. from Schizothorax richardsonii (Gray) in Poonch, Jammu and Kashmir, India
Omar Mohamed Amin, Mumtaz Ahmed, Anshu Chaudhary, Richard Anderson Heckmann, Hridaya Shanker Singh
Folia Parasitologica.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
A comparative assessment of the morphology ofProfilicollis altmani(Acanthocephala, Polymorphidae) from crustaceans and shore birds in Peru, with special notes on hook elemental analysis (EDXA), SEM imaging, histopathology, and molecular profile
Omar M. Amin, Sara M. Rodríguez, Nataliya Rubtsova, Richard A. Heckmann, César Peña, Teresa Castro, Felipe Rivera, Guillermo D’Elía
Parasite.2022; 29: 9. CrossRef
Morphological and Molecular Description of Immature Southwellina hispida (Van Cleave, 1925) Witenberg, 1932 (Acanthocephala: Polymorphidae) from the Body Cavity of the Paratenic Host Gillichthys mirabilis Cooper (Gobiidae) in California, with Analyses of
Omar M. Amin, Anshu Chaudhary, Hirdaya S. Singh
Acta Parasitologica.2022; 67(3): 1107. CrossRef
New perspectives of Microsentis wardae Martin & Multani, 1966 (Acanthocephala: Neoechinorhynchidae) from Gillichthys mirabilis Cooper in California, with scanning electron microscopy images and energy dispersive X-ray analysis
O. M. Amin, A. Chaudhary, H. S. Singh
Journal of Helminthology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
A Review of the Parasite Fauna of the Black-Bellied Pangolin, Phataginus tetradactyla Lin. (Manidae), from Central Africa with the Description of Intraproboscis sanghae n. gen., n. sp. (Acanthocephala: Gigantorhynchidae)
Omar M. Amin, Richard A. Heckmann, Birgit Sist, Walter U. Basso
Journal of Parasitology.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
New perspectives on Aspersentis Megarhynchus (Acanthocephala: Heteracanthocephalidae) from Notothenia Coriiceps Richardson (Nototheniidae) in the West Antarctic, with emended generic diagnosis
O.M. Amin, R.A. Heckmann, S. Dallarés, M. Constenla, N.Yu. Rubtsova, T. Kuzmina
Journal of Helminthology.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
New morphological and molecular perspectives aboutMacracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus(Acanthocephala: Oligacanthorhynchidae) from wild boar,Sus scrofaLinn., in Ukraine
Omar M. Amin, Richard A. Heckmann, Sara Dallarés, María Constenla, Tetiana Kuzmina
Journal of Helminthology.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Morphological Features and Structural Analysis of Plerocercoids of Spirometra erinaceieuropaei (Cestoda: Diphyllobothriidae) from European Pine Marten, Martes martes (Mammalia: Mustelidae) in Ukraine
Nataliya Yu. Rubtsova, Richard A. Heckmann
Comparative Parasitology.2020; 87(1): 109. CrossRef
On theNeoechinorhynchus agilis(Acanthocephala: Neoechinorhynchidae) complex, with a description ofNeoechinorhynchus ponticusn. sp. fromChelon auratusin the Black Sea
Omar M. Amin, Meysam Sharifdini, Richard A. Heckmann, Nataliya Rubtsova, Halima Jmii Chine
Parasite.2020; 27: 48. CrossRef
Description and molecular analysis of an Italian population of Centrorhynchus globo caudatus (Zeder, 1800) Lühe, 1911 (Acanthocephala: Centrorhynchidae) from Falco tinnunculus (Falconidae) and Buteo buteo (Accipitridae)
O.M. Amin, R.A. Heckmann, S. Dallarés, M. Constenla, S. Rubini
Journal of Helminthology.2020;[Epub] CrossRef

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The Effect of ABO Blood Groups, Hemoglobinopathy, and Heme Oxygenase-1 Polymorphisms on Malaria Susceptibility and Severity: Jiraporn Kuesap, Kesara Na-Bangchang; Korean J Parasitol 2018;56(2):167-173.
Published online April 30, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2018.56.2.167

Abstract
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Malaria is one of the most important public health problems in tropical areas on the globe. Several factors are associated with susceptibility to malaria and disease severity, including innate immunity such as blood group, hemoglobinopathy, and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) polymorphisms. This study was carried out to investigate association among ABO blood group, thalassemia types and HO-1 polymorphisms in malaria. The malarial blood samples were collected from patients along the Thai-Myanmar border. Determination of ABO blood group, thalassemia variants, and HO-1 polymorphisms were performed using agglutination test, low pressure liquid chromatography and polymerase chain reaction, respectively. Plasmodium vivax was the major infected malaria species in the study samples. Distribution of ABO blood type in the malaria-infected samples was similar to that in healthy subjects, of which blood type O being most prevalent. Association between blood group A and decreased risk of severe malaria was significant. Six thalassemia types (30%) were detected, i.e., hemoglobin E (HbE), β-thalassemia, α-thalassemia 1, α-thalassemia 2, HbE with α-thalassemia 2, and β-thalassemia with α-thalassemia 2. Malaria infected samples without thalassemia showed significantly higher risk to severe malaria. The prevalence of HO-1 polymorphisms, S/S, S/L and L/L were 25, 62, and 13%, respectively. Further study with larger sample size is required to confirm the impact of these 3 host genetic factors in malaria patients.

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Exploring the functional and immune landscape of E-β thalassemia patients through RNA sequencing of peripheral blood mononuclear cells
Nibedita Mitra, Prosanto Chowdhury, Anupam Basu
Heliyon.2025; 11(1): e41255. CrossRef
Prevalence and Association of Malaria With ABO Blood Groups in Bosaso City, Puntland, Somalia: A Cross‐Sectional Study
Yahye Isse Hassan, Mohamed Said Hassan
Health Science Reports.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Malaria infection and its association with socio-demographics, long lasting insecticide nets usage and hematological parameters among adolescent patients in rural Southwestern Nigeria
Azeez Oyemomi IBRAHIM, Tosin Anthony Agbesanwa, Shuaib Kayode AREMU, Ibrahim Sebutu BELLO, Olayide Toyin ELEGBEDE, Olusegun Emmanuel GABRIEL-ALAYODE, Oluwaserimi Adewumi AJETUNMOBI, Kayode Rasaq ADEWOYE, Temitope Moronkeji OLANREWAJU, Ebenezer Kayode ARIY
PLOS ONE.2023; 18(7): e0287723. CrossRef
Histidine-rich protein II nanoparticle delivery of heme iron load drives endothelial inflammation in cerebral malaria
Suong T. Nguyen, Daniel Du, Daniel Wychrij, Matthew D. Cain, Qingping Wu, Robyn S. Klein, Ilaria Russo, Daniel E. Goldberg
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Genotyping of ABO and Duffy blood groups among malaria patients in Thailand
Phattharaphon Hongfongfa, Jiraporn Kuesap
Journal of Parasitic Diseases.2022; 46(1): 178. CrossRef
HMOX1 genetic polymorphisms and outcomes in infectious disease: A systematic review
Fergus W. Hamilton, Julia Somers, Ruth E. Mitchell, Peter Ghazal, Nicholas J. Timpson, Srinivas Mummidi
PLOS ONE.2022; 17(5): e0267399. CrossRef
The Clinical Utility of ABO and RHD Systems as Potential Indicators of Health Status, a Preliminary Study in Greek Population
Evgenia Lymperaki, Evangelia Stalika, George Tzavelas, Efthymia Tormpantoni, Diana Samara, Eleni Vagdatli, Ioannis Tsamesidis
Clinics and Practice.2022; 12(3): 406. CrossRef
Contribution of genetic factors to high rates of neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia on the Thailand-Myanmar border
Germana Bancone, Gornpan Gornsawun, Pimnara Peerawaranun, Penporn Penpitchaporn, Moo Kho Paw, Day Day Poe, December Win, Naw Cicelia, Mavuto Mukaka, Laypaw Archasuksan, Laurence Thielemans, Francois Nosten, Nicholas J. White, Rose McGready, Verena I. Carr
PLOS Global Public Health.2022; 2(6): e0000475. CrossRef
Malaria infection and its association with socio-demographics, preventive measures, and co-morbid ailments among adult febrile patients in rural Southwestern Nigeria: A cross-sectional study
Azeez Oyemomi Ibrahim, Ibrahim Sebutu Bello, Olabode Muftau Shabi, Adejumoke Oluwatosin Omonijo, Abayomi Ayodapo, Babatunde Adeola Afolabi
SAGE Open Medicine.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
HMOX1 STR polymorphism and malaria: an analysis of a large clinical dataset
Fergus Hamilton, Ruth Mitchell, Aubrey Cunnington, Peter Ghazal, Nicholas J. Timpson
Malaria Journal.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Linkages between blood groups and malaria susceptibility
Minu Nain, Amit Sharma
Journal of Vector Borne Diseases.2022; 59(3): 193. CrossRef
AB Blood Group Confers Higher Risk for Primary Brain Tumors in Pediatrics
Abdulrahman Al Shudifat, Hala Al Suqi, Kutada Soub, Leen Al Nemrawi, Moa’tasem Abu Jaber, Mohammad Al Barbarawi, Nour Shewaikani, Yazan El Adwan, Assem Al Refaei
Risk Management and Healthcare Policy.2021; Volume 14: 4031. CrossRef
High susceptibility to severe malaria among patients with A blood group versus those with O blood group
Serge Tonen-Wolyec, Salomon Batina-Agasa
Tropical Parasitology.2021; 11(2): 97. CrossRef
Effects of IgG and IgM autoantibodies on non-infected erythrocytes is related to ABO blood group in Plasmodium vivax malaria and is associated with anemia
Luiza Carvalho Mourão, Camila Maia Pantuzzo Medeiros, Gustavo Pereira Cardoso-Oliveira, Paula Magda da Silva Roma, Jamila da Silva Sultane Aboobacar, Beatriz Carolina Medeiros Rodrigues, Ubirajara Agero, Cor Jesus Fernandes Fontes, Érika Martins Braga
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There will be blood
Sophia Häfner
Microbes and Infection.2020; 22(9): 385. CrossRef

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An Alternative Method for Extracting Plasmodium DNA from EDTA Whole Blood for Malaria Diagnosis: Krongkaew Seesui, Kanokwan Imtawil, Phimphakon Chanetmahun, Porntip Laummaunwai, Thidarut Boonmars; Korean J Parasitol 2018;56(1):25-32.
Published online February 28, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2018.56.1.25

Abstract
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Molecular techniques have been introduced for malaria diagnosis because they offer greater sensitivity and specificity than microscopic examinations. Therefore, DNA isolation methods have been developed for easy preparation and cost effectiveness. The present study described a simple protocol for Plasmodium DNA isolation from EDTA-whole blood. This study demonstrated that after heating infected blood samples with Tris?EDTA buffer and proteinase K solution, without isolation and purification steps, the supernatant can be used as a DNA template for amplification by PCR. The sensitivity of the extracted DNA of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax was separately analyzed by both PCR and semi-nested PCR (Sn-PCR). The results revealed that for PCR the limit of detection was 40 parasites/μl for P. falciparum and 35.2 parasites/μl for P. vivax, whereas for Sn-PCR the limit of detection was 1.6 parasites/μl for P. falciparum and 1.4 parasites/μl for P. vivax. This new method was then verified by DNA extraction of whole blood from 11 asymptomatic Myanmar migrant workers and analyzed by Sn-PCR. The results revealed that DNA can be extracted from all samples, and there were 2 positive samples for Plasmodium (P. falciparum and P. vivax). Therefore, the protocol can be an alternative method for DNA extraction in laboratories with limited resources and a lack of trained technicians for malaria diagnosis. In addition, this protocol can be applied for subclinical cases, and this will be helpful for epidemiology and control.

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Evaluation of A Simple DNA Extraction Method and Its Combination with Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Assays for Rapid Plasmodium knowlesi Diagnosis
Meng-Yee Lai, Mohd Hafizi Abdul Hamid, Jenarun Jelip, Rose Nani Mudin, Yee-Ling Lau
Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease.2023; 8(8): 389. CrossRef
Liquid Biopsy for Promising Non-invasive Diagnostic Biomarkers in Parasitic Infections
Eylem Akdur Ozturk, Ayse Caner
Acta Parasitologica.2022; 67(1): 1. CrossRef
Comparison of six methods for Loa loa genomic DNA extraction
Roland Dieki, Elsa-Rush Eyang-Assengone, Patrice Makouloutou-Nzassi, Félicien Bangueboussa, Edouard Nsi Emvo, Jean Paul Akue, Ricardo Santos
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Protein abundance and folding rather than the redox state of Kelch13 determine the artemisinin susceptibility of Plasmodium falciparum
Robin Schumann, Eileen Bischoff, Severina Klaus, Sophie Möhring, Julia Flock, Sandro Keller, Kim Remans, Markus Ganter, Marcel Deponte
Redox Biology.2021; 48: 102177. CrossRef

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Coexistence of Malaria and Thalassemia in Malaria Endemic Areas of Thailand: Jiraporn Kuesap, W. Chaijaroenkul, K. Rungsihirunrat, K. Pongjantharasatien, Kesara Na-Bangchang; Korean J Parasitol 2015;53(3):265-270.
Published online June 30, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2015.53.3.265

Abstract
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Hemoglobinopathy and malaria are commonly found worldwide particularly in malaria endemic areas. Thalassemia, the alteration of globin chain synthesis, has been reported to confer resistance against malaria. The prevalence of thalassemia was investigated in 101 malaria patients with Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax along the Thai-Myanmar border to examine protective effect of thalassemia against severe malaria. Hemoglobin typing was performed using low pressure liquid chromatography (LPLC) and α-thalassemia was confirmed by multiplex PCR. Five types of thalassemia were observed in malaria patients. The 2 major types of thalassemia were Hb E (18.8%) and α-thalassemia-2 (11.9%). There was no association between thalassemia hemoglobinopathy and malaria parasitemia, an indicator of malaria disease severity. Thalassemia had no significant association with P. vivax infection, but the parasitemia in patients with coexistence of P. vivax and thalassemia was about 2-3 times lower than those with coexistence of P. falciparum and thalassemia and malaria without thalassemia. Furthermore, the parasitemia of P. vivax in patients with coexistence of Hb E showed lower value than coexistence with other types of thalassemia and malaria without coexistence. Parasitemia, hemoglobin, and hematocrit values in patients with coexistence of thalassemia other than Hb E were significantly lower than those without coexistence of thalassemia. Furthermore, parasitemia with coexistence of Hb E were 2 times lower than those with coexistence of thalassemia other than Hb E. In conclusion, the results may, at least in part, support the protective effect of thalassemia on the development of hyperparasitemia and severe anemia in malaria patients.

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Changes in Lipid Profile Secondary to Asymptomatic Malaria in Migrants from Sub-Saharan Africa: A Retrospective Analysis of a 2010–2022 Cohort
Diego Gayoso-Cantero, María Dolores Corbacho-Loarte, Clara Crespillo-Andújar, Sandra Chamorro-Tojeiro, Francesca Norman, Jose A. Perez-Molina, Marta González-Sanz, Oihane Martín, José Miguel Rubio, Beatriz Gullón-Peña, Laura del Campo Albendea, Rogelio Ló
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Rana Hussein Naser, Toktam Rajaii, Bibi Razieh Hosseini Farash, Seyyed javad Seyyedtabaei, Vahid Hajali, Fatemeh Sadabadi, Ehsan Saburi
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Batı Ege Bölgesinde α-Talasemi Genotipleri ve α-Talasemi Genotip Frekansı
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Brief Communication

Occurrence and Molecular Identification of Giardia duodenalis from Stray Cats in Guangzhou, Southern China: Guochao Zheng, Wei Hu, Yuanjia Liu, Qin Luo, Liping Tan, Guoqing Li; Korean J Parasitol 2015;53(1):119-124.
Published online February 27, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2015.53.1.119

Abstract
PDF

The
objective
of this study was to genetically characterize isolates of Giardia duodenalis and to determine if zoonotic potential of G. duodenalis could be found in stray cats from urban and suburban environments in Guangzhou, China. Among 102 fresh fecal samples of stray cats, 30 samples were collected in Baiyun district (urban) and 72 in Conghua district (suburban). G. duodenalis specimens were examined using light microscopy, then the positive specimens were subjected to PCR amplification and subsequent sequencing at 4 loci such as glutamate dehydrogenase (gdh), triose phosphate isomerase (tpi), β-giardin (bg), and small subunit ribosomal RNA (18S rRNA) genes. The phylogenetic trees were constructed using obtained sequences by MEGA5.2 software. Results show that 9.8% (10/102) feline fecal samples were found to be positive by microscopy, 10% (3/30) in Baiyun district and 9.7% (7/72) in Conghua district. Among the 10 positive samples, 9 were single infection (8 isolates, assemblage A; 1 isolate, assemblage F) and 1 sample was mixed infection with assemblages A and C. Based on tpi, gdh, and bg genes, all sequences of assemblage A showed complete homology with AI except for 1 isolate (CHC83). These findings not only confirmed the occurrence of G. duodenalis in stray cats, but also showed that zoonotic assemblage A was found for the first time in stray cats living in urban and suburban environments in China.

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Original Articles

Molecular Characterization of Various Trichomonad Species Isolated from Humans and Related Mammals in Indonesia: Mudyawati Kamaruddin, Masaharu Tokoro, Md. Moshiur Rahman, Shunsuke Arayama, Anggi P.N. Hidayati, Din Syafruddin, Puji B.S. Asih, Hisao Yoshikawa, Ei Kawahara; Korean J Parasitol 2014;52(5):471-478.
Published online October 22, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2014.52.5.471

Abstract
PDF

Trichomonad species inhabit a variety of vertebrate hosts; however, their potential zoonotic transmission has not been clearly addressed, especially with regard to human infection. Twenty-one strains of trichomonads isolated from humans (5 isolates), pigs (6 isolates), rodents (6 isolates), a water buffalo (1 isolate), a cow (1 isolate), a goat (1 isolate), and a dog (1 isolate) were collected in Indonesia and molecularly characterized. The DNA sequences of the partial 18S small subunit ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene or 5.8S rRNA gene locus with its flanking regions (internal transcribed spacer region, ITS1 and ITS2) were identified in various trichomonads; Simplicimonas sp., Hexamastix mitis, and Hypotrichomonas sp. from rodents, and Tetratrichomonas sp. and Trichomonas sp. from pigs. All of these species were not detected in humans, whereas Pentatrichomonas hominis was identified in humans, pigs, the dog, the water buffalo, the cow, and the goat. Even when using the high-resolution gene locus of the ITS regions, all P. hominis strains were genetically identical; thus zoonotic transmission between humans and these closely related mammals may be occurring in the area investigated. The detection of Simplicimonas sp. in rodents (Rattus exulans) and P. hominis in water buffalo in this study revealed newly recognized host adaptations and suggested the existence of remaining unrevealed ranges of hosts in the trichomonad species.

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Gastrointestinal Myiasis by Larvae of Sarcophaga sp. and Oestrus sp. in Egypt: Report of Cases, and Endoscopical and Morphological Studies: Azza K. Ahmad, Ekhlas H. Abdel-Hafeez, Madiha Makhloof, Ehab M. Abdel-Raheem; Korean J Parasitol 2011;49(1):51-57.
Published online March 18, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2011.49.1.51

Abstract
PDF

Four cases of gastric or intestinal myiasis are reported. The cases contain 2 males (1 child 10 years old, and 1 adult 40 years old) and 2 females (1 girl 18 years old, and 1 adult 50 years old) from Minia Governorate, Southern Egypt. Three of them, including cases no. 1, 3, and 4, were gastric myiasis, and complained of offensive hematemesis of bright red blood. Minute moving worms, larvae of the fly, were found in the vomitus. On the other hand, case no. 2 had intestinal myiasis, and complained of abdominal distention, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. The stool of case 2 was mixed with blood, and minute moving worms were observed in the stool. Endoscopy was performed to explore any pathological changes in the stomach of the patients. The larvae were collected and studied macroscopically, microscopically, and us-ing a scanning electron microscope (SEM) to identify their species. Three different types of larvae were identified. The larvae isolated from case 1 were diagnosed as the second stage larvae of Sarcophaga species, and the larvae isolated from case 2 were the third stage larvae of Sarcophaga species. On the other hand, the larvae isolated from cases 3 and 4 were diagnosed as the third stage larvae of Oestrus species.

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Larval Gnathostoma hispidum detected in the red banded odd-tooth snake, Dinodon rufozonatum rufozonatum, from China: Shin-Hyeong Cho, Tong-Soo Kim, Yoon Kong, Byoung-Kuk Na, Woon-Mok Sohn; Korean J Parasitol 2007;45(3):191-198.
Published online September 20, 2007; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2007.45.3.191

Abstract
PDF

A total of 205 larval gnathostomes were collected from 18 (22.5%) of 80 red banded odd-tooth snakes, Dinodon rufozonatum rufozonatum, which had been smuggled from China and confiscated at Customs in Busan, Republic of Korea. In order to identify the species, some of the larvae were observed by a light microscope and a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The larvae were 2.18 x 0.29 mm in average size, and had a pair of lips at the anterior end, a muscular esophagus, 2 pairs of cervical sacs, and brownish intestines. The head bulb was characteristically equipped with 4 rows of hooklets; the average number of hooklets in each respective row was 38.6, 40.5, 41.5, and 43.7. In SEM views, the mouth evidenced a pair of lateral lips of equal size in a half-moon shape. Each lip featured a couple of labial papillae and a small amphid located between the 2 papillae. The hooklets on the head bulb had single-pointed, posteriorly-curved tips. The cuticular spines were larger and more densely distributed on the anterior part of the body, and decreased gradually in size and number toward the posterior body. On the basis of these morphological characteristics, the larvae were identified as the third stage larvae of Gnathostoma hispidum.

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