Parasites, Hosts and Diseases

"TGF-β"

Original Articles

Increased Expression of TGF-β1 in Correlation with Liver Fibrosis during Echinococcus granulosus Infection in Mice: Yumei Liu, Gulizhaer Abudounnasier, Taochun Zhang, Xuelei Liu, Qian Wang, Yi Yan, Jianbing Ding, Hao Wen, Delixiati Yimiti, Xiumin Ma; Korean J Parasitol 2016;54(4):519-525.
Published online August 31, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2016.54.4.519

Abstract
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To investigate the potential role of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 in liver fibrosis during Echinococcus granulosus infection, 96 BALB/c mice were randomly divided into 2 groups, experimental group infected by intraperitoneal injection with a metacestode suspension and control group given sterile physiological saline. The liver and blood samples were collected at days 2, 8, 30, 90, 180, and 270 post infection (PI), and the expression of TGF-β1 mRNA and protein was determined by real-time quantitative RT-PCR and ELISA, respectively. We also evaluated the pathological changes in the liver during the infection using hematoxylin and eosin (H-E) and Masson staining of the liver sections. Pathological analysis of H-E stained infected liver sections revealed liver cell edema, bile duct proliferation, and structural damages of the liver as evidenced by not clearly visible lobular architecture of the infected liver, degeneration of liver cell vacuoles, and infiltration of lymphocytes at late stages of infection. The liver tissue sections from control mice remained normal. Masson staining showed worsening of liver fibrosis at the end stages of the infection. The levels of TGF-β1 did not show significant changes at the early stages of infection, but there were significant increases in the levels of TGF-β1 at the middle and late stages of infection (P<0.05). RT-PCR results showed that, when compared with the control group, TGF-β1 mRNA was low and comparable with that in control mice at the early stages of infection, and that it was significantly increased at day 30 PI and remained at high levels until day 270 PI (P<0.05). The results of this study suggested that increased expression of TGF-β1 during E. granulosus infection may play a significant role in liver fibrosis associated with E. granulosus infection.

Citations

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Jiang Zhu, Tanfang Zhou, Guangfeng Chen, Yuhui Wu, Xia Chen, Ya Song, Ayinula Tuohetali, Huijing Gao, Dongming Pang, Hao Wen, Kalibixiati Aimulajiang
Frontiers in Immunology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
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Jiang Zhu, Tanfang Zhou, Meng Menggen, Kalibixiati Aimulajiang, Hao Wen
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Characterization of the immunosuppressive environment induced by larval Echinococcus granulosus during chronic experimental infection
Leticia Grezzi, Yamila E. Martínez, Anabella A. Barrios, Álvaro Díaz, Cecilia Casaravilla, De'Broski R. Herbert
Infection and Immunity.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
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Fuqiu Niu, Shigui Chong, Mingqun Qin, Shenmei Li, Riming Wei, Yumin Zhao
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Ralf Weiskirchen, Sabine Weiskirchen, Frank Tacke
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Álvaro Díaz
British Medical Bulletin.2017;[Epub] CrossRef

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Experimental Murine Fascioliasis Derives Early Immune Suppression with Increased Levels of TGF-β and IL-4: Joon-Yong Chung, Young-An Bae, Doo-Hee Yun, Hyun-Jong Yang, Yoon Kong; Korean J Parasitol 2012;50(4):301-308.
Published online November 26, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2012.50.4.301

Abstract
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In fascioliasis, T-helper 2 (Th2) responses predominate, while little is known regarding early immune phenomenon. We herein analyzed early immunophenotype changes of BALB/c, C57BL/6, and C3H/He mice experimentally infected with 5 Fasciola hepatica metacercariae. A remarkable expansion of CD19⁺ B cells was observed as early as week 1 post-infection while CD4⁺/CD8⁺ T cells were down-regulated. Accumulation of Mac1⁺ cells with time after infection correlated well with splenomegaly of all mice strains tested. The expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α mRNA in splenocytes significantly decreased while that of IL-4 up-regulated. IL-1β expression was down-modulated in BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice, but not in C3H/He. Serum levels of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β were considerably elevated in all mice during 3 weeks of infection period. These collective results suggest that experimental murine fascioliasis might derive immune suppression with elevated levels of TGF-β and IL-4 during the early stages of infection.

Citations

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Veterinary Research.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Fascioliasis: Image Findings, Diagnosis, and Treatment
Jae Seung Lee
Clinical Ultrasound.2024; 9(1): 18. CrossRef
Fasciolosis: pathogenesis, host-parasite interactions, and implication in vaccine development
Luis Miguel Flores-Velázquez, María Teresa Ruiz-Campillo, Guillem Herrera-Torres, Álvaro Martínez-Moreno, Francisco Javier Martínez-Moreno, Rafael Zafra, Leandro Buffoni, Pablo José Rufino-Moya, Verónica Molina-Hernández, José Pérez
Frontiers in Veterinary Science.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
The immunosuppression effects of deforolimus (ridaforolimus, AP23573) on allograft organ transplantation
Lumin Wang, Yanping Li, Dawei Yang, Jiazhao Fu, Bin Zhao, Yaguang Li, Yanrong Ye, Zhongquan Qi
Clinical and Translational Discovery.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
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Yongqian Bu, Caiwen Jia, Xiaowei Tian, Kalibixiati Aimulajiang, Muhammad Ali Memon, Ruofeng Yan, Xiaokai Song, Lixin Xu, Xiangrui Li
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María Teresa Ruiz-Campillo, Verónica Molina-Hernández, María José Bautista, Isabel L. Pacheco, Rafael Zafra, Leandro Buffoni, Francisco Javier Martínez-Moreno, Alvaro Martínez-Moreno, José Pérez
Veterinary Research.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
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Maria João Gouveia, Maria Y. Pakharukova, Gabriel Rinaldi, Viatcheslav A. Mordvinov, Paul J. Brindley, Fátima Gärtner, Nuno Vale, Martin Michaelis
Experimental Results.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
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N. J. Beesley, C. Caminade, J. Charlier, R. J. Flynn, J. E. Hodgkinson, A. Martinez-Moreno, M. Martinez-Valladares, J. Perez, L. Rinaldi, D. J. L. Williams
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Fasciola hepatica induces Foxp3 T cell, proinflammatory and regulatory cytokine overexpression in liver from infected sheep during early stages of infection
Isabel L. Pacheco, Nieves Abril, Rafael Zafra, Verónica Molina-Hernández, Noelia Morales-Prieto, María J. Bautista, María T. Ruiz-Campillo, Raúl Pérez-Caballero, Alvaro Martínez-Moreno, José Pérez
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Claudia Machicado, Jorge D. Machicado, Vicente Maco, Angelica Terashima, Luis A. Marcos, Hector H Garcia
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Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms of Cytokine Genes are Associated with Fibrosis of the Intrahepatic Bile Duct Wall in Human Clonorchiasis: Byung-Suk Chung, Jeong-Keun Lee, Min-Ho Choi, Myoung Hee Park, Dongil Choi, Sung-Tae Hong; Korean J Parasitol 2009;47(2):145-151.
Published online May 27, 2009; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2009.47.2.145

Abstract
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This study examined the association of cytokine gene polymorphisms with intrahepatic bile duct wall fibrosis in human clonorchiasis. A total of 240 residents in Heilongjiang, China underwent ultrasonography, blood sampling, and stool examination. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) sites for IFN-γ (+874 T/A), IL-10 (-1,082 G/A, -819 C/T, -592 C/A), TNF-α (-308 G/A), and TGF-β1 (codon 10 T/C, codon 25 G/C) genes were observed with the TaqMan allelic discrimination assay. No significant correlation was observed between individual cytokine gene polymorphisms and intrahepatic duct dilatation (IHDD). Among individuals with clonorchiasis of moderate intensity, the incidence of IHDD was high in those with IFN-γ intermediate-producing genotype, +874AT (80.0%, P = 0.177), and in those with TNF-α low-producing genotype, -308GG (63.0%, P = 0.148). According to the combination of IFN-γ and TNF-α genotypes, the risks for IHDD could be stratified into high (intermediate-producing IFN-γ and low producing TNF-α), moderate, and low (low-producing IFN-γ and high producing TNF-α) risk groups. The incidence of IHDD was significantly different among these groups (P = 0.022): 88.9% (odds ratio, OR = 24.0) in high, 56.5% (OR = 3.9) in moderate, and 25.0% (OR = 1) in low risk groups. SNP of IFN-γ and TNF-α genes may contribute to the modulation of fibrosis in the intrahepatic bile duct wall in clonorchiasis patients.

Citations

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Risk Factors of Clonorchis sinensis Human Infections in Endemic Areas, Haman-Gun, Republic of Korea: A Case-Control Study
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The impact of cytokine gene polymorphisms on Epstein–Barr virus infection outcome in pediatric liver transplant recipients
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Clinical relevance of the interleukin 10 promoter polymorphisms in Chinese Han patients with major trauma: genetic association studies
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