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Original Articles

Anti-tumor effects of Toxoplasma gondii and antigen-pulsed dendritic cells in mice bearing breast cancer
Bong Kyun Kim, Hei Gwon Choi, Jae-Hyung Lee, In Wook Choi, Jae-Min Yuk, Guang-Ho Cha, Young-Ha Lee
Parasites Hosts Dis 2025;63(1):37-49.
Published online February 25, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/PHD.24082
Cancer immunotherapy is widely used to treat various cancers to augment the weakened host immune response against tumors. Dendritic cells (DCs) are specialized antigen-presenting cells that play dual roles in inducing innate and adaptive immunity. Toxoplasma gondii is a protozoan parasite that exhibits anti-tumor activity against certain types of cancers. However, little is known about the anti-tumor effects of T. gondii or tumor/parasite antigen-pulsed DCs (DC vaccines, DCV) in breast cancer. In this study, C57BL/6 mice were administered E0771 mouse breast cancer cells (Cancer-injected) subcutaneously, T. gondii Me49 cysts orally (TG-injected), or DCs pulsed with breast cancer cell lysate antigen and T. gondii lysate antigens (DCV-injected) intraperitoneally. Tumor size and immunological characteristics were subsequently evaluated. We also evaluated matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 levels in E0771 mouse breast cancer cells co-cultured with T. gondii or DCs by RT-PCR. The tumor volumes of mice injected with breast cancer cells and antigen-pulsed DCs (Cancer/DCV-injected mice) were similar to those of Cancer-injected mice; however, they were significantly reduced in T. gondii-infected tumor-bearing (TG/Cancer-injected) mice. Moreover, tumor volumes were significantly reduced by adding antigen-pulsed DCs (TG/Cancer/DCV-injected mice) compared to TG/Cancer-injected mice. The levels of IFN-γ, serum IgG2a levels, and CD8+ T cell populations were significantly higher in DCV- and TG-injected mice than in control mice, while no significant differences between Cancer- and Cancer/DCV-injected mice were observed. The levels of IFN-γ, the IgG2a levels, and the percentage of CD8+ T cells were significantly increased in TG/Cancer- and TG/Cancer/DCV-injected mice than in Cancer-injected mice. IFN-γ levels and serum IgG2a levels were further increased in TG/Cancer/DCV-injected mice than in TG/Cancer-injected mice. The MMP-2 and MMP-9 mRNA expressions were significantly decreased in mouse breast cancer cells co-cultured with live T. gondii, T. gondii lysate antigen, or antigen-pulsed DCs (DCV) but not in inactivated DCs. These results indicate that T. gondii induces anti-tumor effects in breast cancer-bearing mice through the induction of strong Th1 immune responses, but not in antigen-pulsed DCs alone. The addition of antigen-pulsed DCs further augments the anti-tumor effects of T. gondii.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  Crossref logo
  • Detection of Toxoplasma gondii and High-Risk Human Papillomaviruses in FFPE Malignant and Benign Breast Lesions Using Real-Time PCR
    Selma Usluca, Ayfer Bakir, Ata Arikok, Gizem Korkut, Gulsah Yagiz, Murat Alper
    Infection and Drug Resistance.2025; Volume 18: 3149.     CrossRef
  • 3,275 View
  • 108 Download
  • 1 Web of Science
  • Crossref
Virus-like particles expressing microneme-associated antigen of Plasmodium berghei confer better protection than those expressing apical membrane antigen 1
Min-Ju Kim, Ki Back Chu, Keon-Woong Yoon, Hae-Ji Kang, Dong-Hun Lee, Eun-Kyung Moon, Fu-Shi Quan
Parasites Hosts Dis 2024;62(2):193-204.
Published online May 27, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/PHD.24017
Malaria is a global disease affecting a large portion of the world’s population. Although vaccines have recently become available, their efficacies are suboptimal. We generated virus-like particles (VLPs) that expressed either apical membrane antigen 1 (AMA1) or microneme-associated antigen (MIC) of Plasmodium berghei and compared their efficacy in BALB/c mice. We found that immune sera acquired from AMA1 VLP- or MIC VLP-immunized mice specifically interacted with the antigen of choice and the whole P. berghei lysate antigen, indicating that the antibodies were highly parasite-specific. Both VLP vaccines significantly enhanced germinal center B cell frequencies in the inguinal lymph nodes of mice compared with the control, but only the mice that received MIC VLPs showed significantly enhanced CD4+ T cell responses in the blood following P. berghei challenge infection. AMA1 and MIC VLPs significantly suppressed TNF-α and interleukin-10 production but had a negligible effect on interferon-γ. Both VLPs prevented excessive parasitemia buildup in immunized mice, although parasite burden reduction induced by MIC VLPs was slightly more effective than that induced by AMA1. Both VLPs were equally effective at preventing body weight loss. Our findings demonstrated that the MIC VLP was an effective inducer of protection against murine experimental malaria and should be the focus of further development.

Citations

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  • Orally Dissolving Film-Based Influenza Vaccines Confer Superior Protection Compared to the Oral Administration of Inactivated Influenza Virus
    Keon-Woong Yoon, Jie Mao, Gi-Deok Eom, Su In Heo, Ki Back Chu, Mi Suk Lee, Fu-Shi Quan
    Vaccines.2025; 13(6): 600.     CrossRef
  • Protective Efficacy Induced by Virus-like Particles Expressing Dense Granule Protein 5 of Toxoplasma gondii
    Su In Heo, Hae-Ji Kang, Jie Mao, Zhao-Shou Yang, Md Atique Ahmed, Fu-Shi Quan
    Vaccines.2025; 13(8): 787.     CrossRef
  • Efficacy of Heterologous Vaccination Using Virus-Like Particles and Vaccinia Virus Containing MIC8 and AMA1 Proteins of Toxoplasma gondii
    Hae-Ji Kang, Fu-Shi Quan
    Vaccines.2025; 13(8): 862.     CrossRef
  • Ivermectin Identified Using a High-Throughput Screening System Exhibits Anti-Clonorchis sinensis Activity in Rats
    Soon-Ok Lee, Hyeryon Lee, Ki Back Chu, Jianhua Li, Sung-Jong Hong, Sung Soo Kim, Joo Hwan No, Fu-Shi Quan
    Antibiotics.2025; 14(8): 837.     CrossRef
  • 3,832 View
  • 64 Download
  • 4 Web of Science
  • Crossref
Molecular cloning, identification, transcriptional analysis, and silencing of enolase on the life cycle of Haemaphysalis longicornis (Acari, Ixodidae) tick
Md. Samiul Haque, Md. Khalesur Rahman, Mohammad Saiful Islam, Myung-Jo You
Parasites Hosts Dis 2024;62(2):226-237.
Published online May 27, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/PHD.24015
Ticks, blood-sucking ectoparasites, spread diseases to humans and animals. Haemaphysalis longicornis is a significant vector for tick-borne diseases in medical and veterinary contexts. Identifying protective antigens in H. longicornis for an anti-tick vaccine is a key tick control strategy. Enolase, a multifunctional protein, significantly converts D-2-phosphoglycerate and phosphoenolpyruvate in glycolysis and gluconeogenesis in cell cytoplasm. This study cloned a complete open reading frame (ORF) of enolase from the H. longicornis tick and characterized its transcriptional and silencing effect. We amplified the full-length cDNA of the enolase gene using rapid amplification of cDNA ends. The complete cDNA, with an ORF of 1,297 nucleotides, encoded a 432-amino acid polypeptide. Enolase of the Jeju strain H. longicornis exhibited the highest sequence similarity with H. flava (98%), followed by Dermacentor silvarum (82%). The enolase motifs identified included N-terminal and C-terminal regions, magnesium binding sites, and several phosphorylation sites. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis indicated that enolase mRNA transcripts were expressed across all developmental stages of ticks and organs such as salivary gland and midgut. RT-PCR showed higher transcript levels in syn-ganglia, suggesting that synganglion nerves influence enolase,s role in tick salivary glands. We injected enolase double-stranded RNA into adult unfed female ticks, after which they were subsequently fed with normal unfed males until they spontaneously dropped off. RNA interference significantly (P<0.05) reduced feeding and reproduction, along with abnormalities in eggs (no embryos) and hatching. These findings suggest enolase is a promising target for future tick control strategies.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  Crossref logo
  • Comprehensive antigen identification and comparative analysis: significant approaches for controlling Haemaphysalis longicornis ticks
    Md. Samiul Haque, Bumseok Kim, Myung-Jo You
    Journal of Veterinary Science.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Microbiome Composition of Haemaphysalis flava in Korea and Diversity Analysis Based on Region, Developmental Stage, and Sex
    Min Kyu Sang, Jie eun Park, Dae Kwon Song, Jun Yang Jeong, Chan‐Eui Hong, Hyeonjun Shin, Hyeok Lee, Kyoung Won Lee, Hee Ju Hwang, Hyun woo Kim, Seong Yoon Kim, Wook‐Gyo Lee, So Young Park, Se Won Kang, Jung Han Park, Bharat Bhusan Patnaik, Sung‐Jae Cha, S
    Entomological Research.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Identification and knockdown effect of disulfide isomerase in the Haemaphysalis longicornis (Acari: Ixodidae)
    Md Samiul Haque, Bumseok Kim, Myung-Jo You
    Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • 4,097 View
  • 50 Download
  • Crossref
The protective effects of BMSA1 and BMSA5-1-1 proteins against Babesia microti infection
Yu Chun Cai, Chun Li Yang, Peng Song, Muxin Chen, Jia Xu Chen
Parasites Hosts Dis 2024;62(1):53-63.
Published online February 23, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/PHD.23077
The intracellular parasite Babesia microti is among the most significant species causing human babesiosis and is an emerging threat to human health worldwide. Unravelling the pathogenic molecular mechanisms of babesiosis is crucial in developing new diagnostic and preventive methods. This study assessed how priming with B. microti surface antigen 1 (BHSA 1) and seroreactive antigen 5-1-1 (BHSA 5-1-1) mediate protection against B. microti infection. The results showed that 500 µg/ml rBMSA1 and rBMSA5-1-1 partially inhibited the invasion of B. microti in vitro by 42.0 ± 3.0%, and 48.0 ± 2.1%, respectively. Blood smears revealed that peak infection at 7 days post-infection (dpi) was 19.6%, 24.7%, and 46.7% in the rBMSA1, rBmSA5-1-1, compared to the control groups (healthy mice infected with B. microti only), respectively. Routine blood tests showed higher white blood cell, red blood cell counts, and haemoglobin levels in the 2 groups (BMSA1 and BMSA5 5-1-1) than in the infection control group at 0–28 dpi. Moreover, the 2 groups had higher serum interferon-γ, tumor necrosis factor-α and Interleukin-17A levels, and lower IL-10 levels than the infection control group throughout the study. These 2 potential vaccine candidate proteins partially inhibit in vitro and in vivo B. microti infection and enhance host immunological response against B. microti infection.
  • 3,515 View
  • 79 Download
Evaluation of schistosomula lung antigen preparation and soluble egg antigen vaccines on experimental schistosomiasis mansoni
Nagwa S. M. Aly, Hye-Sook Kim, Maysa A. Eraky, Asmaa A. El Kholy, Basma T. Ali, Shin-ichi Miyoshi, Rabab E. Omar
Parasites Hosts Dis 2023;61(3):251-262.
Published online August 21, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/PHD.22154
Schistosomiasis causes significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. This study aimed to assess the effect of schistosomula lung antigen preparation (SLAP) and soluble egg antigen (SEA) on a murine schistosomiasis mansoni model. Ninety laboratory-bred male Swiss albino mice were divided into 6 groups. Two doses of the vaccine were given at 2-week intervals. All mice were subcutaneously infected with 80±10 Schistosoma mansoni cercariae 2 weeks after the last vaccination dose. They were sacrificed 7 weeks post-infection. Parasitological and histopathological studies were conducted to assess the effect of inoculated antigens (single or combined). The results showed that the combination of SLAP and SEA (combination group) led to a significant reduction in worm burden (65.56%), and liver and intestine egg count (59% and 60.59%, respectively). The oogram pattern revealed a reduction in immature and mature eggs (15±0.4 and 10±0.8, respectively) and an increased number of dead eggs in the combination group (P<0.001). In terms of histopathological changes, the combination group showed notably small compact fibrocellular egg granuloma and moderate fibrosis in the liver. A high percentage of destroyed ova was observed in the intestine of the combination group. This study demonstrates for the first time the prophylactic effect of combined SLAP and SEA vaccine. The vaccine induced a significant reduction in the parasitological and pathological impacts of schistosomiasis mansoni in hepatic and intestinal tissues, making it a promising vaccine candidate for controlling schistosomiasis.

Citations

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  • The efficacy of cercarial antigen loaded on nanoparticles as a potential vaccine candidate in Schistosoma mansoni-infected mice
    Dina A. S. Elguindy, Dalia S. Ashour, Sirria M. Elmarhoumy, Dina M. El-Guindy, Howaida I. H. Ismail
    Journal of Parasitic Diseases.2024; 48(2): 381.     CrossRef
  • 5,309 View
  • 104 Download
  • Crossref

Mini Reviews

Recent progress in vaccine development targeting pre-clinical human toxoplasmosis
Ki-Back Chu, Fu-Shi Quan
Parasites Hosts Dis 2023;61(3):231-239.
Published online August 21, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/PHD.22097
Toxoplasma gondii is an intracellular parasitic organism affecting all warm-blooded vertebrates. Due to the unavailability of commercialized human T. gondii vaccine, many studies have been reported investigating the protective efficacy of pre-clinical T. gondii vaccines expressing diverse antigens. Careful antigen selection and implementing multifarious immunization strategies could enhance protection against toxoplasmosis in animal models. Although none of the available vaccines could remove the tissue-dwelling parasites from the host organism, findings from these pre-clinical toxoplasmosis vaccine studies highlighted their developmental potential and provided insights into rational vaccine design. We herein explored the progress of T. gondii vaccine development using DNA, protein subunit, and virus-like particle vaccine platforms. Specifically, we summarized the findings from the pre-clinical toxoplasmosis vaccine studies involving T. gondii challenge infection in mice published in the past 5 years.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  Crossref logo
  • PLGA nanoparticles as an efficient carrier in Toxoplasma GAP45: a more effective vaccine against acute toxoplasmosis than traditional ones
    Pan Zhou, YanLi Yu, WeiYu Qi, XiaoJuan Wang, YouLi Yu, JianDong Wang, Li Zhang, ZhengQing Yu, TingLi Liu
    Frontiers in Immunology.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Influenza virus-like particles presenting Toxoplasma gondii dense granule protein 7 protect mice from lethal ME49 challenge
    Jie Mao, Hae-Ji Kang, Su-In Heo, Fu-Shi Quan
    Nanomedicine.2025; 20(18): 2309.     CrossRef
  • Recombinant TgDDX3X DEAD-box protein confers partial protection in murine models of acute and chronic toxoplasmosis
    Shuai Wang, Jinghui Wang, Youke Fan, Haina Zhang, Junru Wu, Tingting Ying, Hangbin Ma, Qiangqiang Wang, Longkang Wang, Yuanfeng Wang, Xiaowei Tian, Xuefang Mei, Zhenchao Zhang, Zhenke Yang
    Acta Tropica.2025; 270: 107780.     CrossRef
  • Vaccinia virus expressing MIC8 and AMA1 provides protection against Toxoplasma gondii ME49 infection
    Hae-Ji Kang, Yan Jin, Zhao-Shou Yang, Md Atique Ahmed, Fu-Shi Quan
    Parasites, Hosts and Diseases.2025; 63(4): 340.     CrossRef
  • Evaluation of protective efficacy of recombinant Toxoplasma gondii DDX39 protein vaccine against acute and chronic T. gondii infection in mice
    Jinghui Wang, Yuanfeng Wang, Haina Zhang, Hangbin Ma, Qiangqiang Wang, Longkang Wang, Youke Fan, Xiaowei Tian, Xuefang Mei, Zhenchao Zhang, Shuai Wang, Zhenke Yang
    Acta Tropica.2024; 260: 107442.     CrossRef
  • 8,226 View
  • 139 Download
  • 4 Web of Science
  • Crossref
Leishmania Vaccines: the Current Situation with Its Promising Aspect for the Future
Rasit Dinc
Korean J Parasitol 2022;60(6):379-391.
Published online December 22, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2022.60.6.379
Leishmaniasis is a serious parasitic disease caused by Leishmania spp. transmitted through sandfly bites. This disease is a major public health concern worldwide. It can occur in 3 different clinical forms: cutaneous, mucocutaneous, and visceral Leishmaniasis (CL, MCL, and VL, respectively), caused by different Leishmania spp. Currently, licensed vaccines are unavailable for the treatment of human Leishmaniasis. The treatment and prevention of this disease rely mainly on chemotherapeutics, which are highly toxic and have an increasing resistance problem. The development of a safe, effective, and affordable vaccine for all forms of vector-borne disease is urgently needed to block transmission of the parasite between the host and vector. Immunological mechanisms in the pathogenesis of Leishmaniasis are complex. IL-12-driven Th1-type immune response plays a crucial role in host protection. The essential purpose of vaccination is to establish a protective immune response. To date, numerous vaccine studies have been conducted using live/attenuated/killed parasites, fractionated parasites, subunits, recombinant or DNA technology, delivery systems, and chimeric peptides. Most of these studies were limited to animals. In addition, standardization has not been achieved in these studies due to the differences in the virulence dynamics of the Leishmania spp. and the feasibility of the adjuvants. More studies are needed to develop a safe and effective vaccine, which is the most promising approach against Leishmania infection.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  Crossref logo
  • Identification of novel anti‐leishmanials targeting glutathione synthetase of the parasite: a drug repurposing approach
    Manash Sarma, Kushal Bora, Preeti Ranjan, Vikash Kumar Dubey
    FEBS Letters.2025; 599(3): 367.     CrossRef
  • Molecular Mechanisms of Cell Death in Leishmania donovani Induced by Selected Steroidal Alkaloids
    Naveena Menpadi, Pranjal Chandra, Vikash Kumar Dubey
    Journal of Basic Microbiology.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Key Facets for the Elimination of Vector-Borne Diseases Filariasis, Leishmaniasis, and Malaria
    Rini Chaturvedi, Amit Sharma
    ACS Infectious Diseases.2025; 11(2): 287.     CrossRef
  • Human migrations, anthropogenic changes, and insect-borne diseases in Latin America
    André B. B. Wilke, Priscilla Farina, Marco Ajelli, Angelo Canale, Filipe Dantas-Torres, Domenico Otranto, Giovanni Benelli
    Parasites & Vectors.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Vaccines in Dermatology—Present and Future: A Review
    Eyan Goh, Jean-Marc Chavatte, Raymond T. P. Lin, Lisa F. P. Ng, Laurent Rénia, Hazel H. Oon
    Vaccines.2025; 13(2): 125.     CrossRef
  • Structure‐based Virtual Screening and Drug Design Development of Leishmanicidal Pyrimidines
    Gerliny Bezerra de Oliveira, Érick Caique Santos Costa, Zenaide Severina do Monte, Gleybson Correia de Almeida, Emerson Peter da Silva Falcão, Luciana Scotti, Marcus Tullius Scotti, Ricardo Oliveira Silva, Daniele Santana de Sousa Oliveira, Policarpo Adem
    Chemistry & Biodiversity.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Attitudes and acceptance of vaccination against neglected tropical diseases: A multi-country study in Asia
    Li Ping Wong, Hai Yen Lee, Haridah Alias, Farhana Nishat Seheli, Abhishek Lachyan, Di Khanh Nguyen, Jamil Ahmed, Zhijian Hu, Yulan Lin
    Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Vaccine Designing Technology against Leishmaniasis: Current Challenges and Implication
    Jyoti Gupta, Yukta Menon, Subodh Kumar, Chakresh Kumar Jain
    Current Drug Discovery Technologies.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in the Context of Global Travel, Migration, Refugee Populations, and Humanitarian Crises
    Janice Kim, Tarek Zieneldien, Sophia Ma, Bernard A. Cohen
    Clinics and Practice.2025; 15(4): 77.     CrossRef
  • Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors Show a Potential Leishmanicidal Effect against Leishmania braziliensis in a Mouse Infection Model and Lead to Less Toxicity than Glucantime
    Luciana Ângelo de Souza, Lethícia Kelly Ramos Andrade, Joice de Melo Agripino, Victor Hugo Ferraz da Silva, Sabrina de Oliveira Emerick, Adriana Carneiro da Silva, Larissa Coelho Pereira, Graziela Domingues de Almeida Lima, Ingrid Rabite Garcia, Anna Cláu
    ACS Omega.2025; 10(19): 19466.     CrossRef
  • Leishmania regulates host YY1: Comparative proteomic analysis identifies infection modulated YY1 dependent proteins
    Harsimran Kaur Brar, Eleanor Chen, Fabian Chang, Shawna Angel Lu, Dilraj Kaur Longowal, Kyung-Mee Moon, Leonard J. Foster, Neil Reiner, Devki Nandan, Filomena de Nigris
    PLOS One.2025; 20(5): e0323227.     CrossRef
  • Computational vaccine development against protozoa
    Omar Hashim, Isabelle Dimier-Poisson
    Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal.2025; 27: 2386.     CrossRef
  • Control measures for neglected tropical diseases: vaccine updates
    Vivek P. Chavda, Suneetha Vuppu, Toshika Mishra, Nikita Sharma, Sathvika Kamaraj, Shatakshi Mishra, Bhumi Sureshbhai, John Matsoukas, Vasso Apostolopoulos
    Expert Review of Vaccines.2025; 24(1): 535.     CrossRef
  • Attitudes and acceptance of mRNA-based vaccine for neglected tropical diseases: A multi-country study in Asia
    Li Ping Wong, Hai Yen Lee, Haridah Alias, Di Khanh Nguyen, Abhishek Lachyan, Farhana Nishat Seheli, Jamil Ahmed, Zhijian Hu, Yulan Lin
    Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Isis Pérez-Concepción, Iván Corona Guerrero, Angela Corina Hayano Kanashiro, Nohemí Gámez Meza, Armando Tejeda-Mansir
    Biotecnia.2025; 27: e2537.     CrossRef
  • A Human Monoclonal Antibody Targeting α-Gal Ameliorates Experimental Cutaneous Leishmaniasis
    Hyeseon Cho, Andrea Paun, Youngsil Seo, Sang Hun Lee, Maria Traver, Ming Zhao, Jeff Skinner, Joshua Tan, David L Sacks, Peter D Crompton
    The Journal of Infectious Diseases.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    André Zaidan Martins, Ana Laura Grossi de Oliveira, Lilian Lacerda Bueno, Fabrício Marcus Silva Oliveira, Ricardo Toshio Fujiwara
    Acta Tropica.2025; 270: 107796.     CrossRef
  • The impact of probiotic administration in vivo on peritoneal mouse macrophages infected by Leishmania amazonensis ex vivo
    Lauren Van den Broeck, Raquel Silva de Azevedo, Ludmila Ferreira de Almeida Fiuza, Marcos Meuser Batista, Cynthia Machado Cascabulho, Ewout Van de Velde, Serge Van Calenbergh, Guy Caljon, Maria de Nazaré Correia Soeiro
    Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Satabdi Saha, Sahina Laskar, Seshan Gunalan, Gugan Kothandan, Diwakar Kumar
    In Silico Pharmacology.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Understanding Sex-biases in Kinetoplastid Infections: Leishmaniasis and Trypanosomiasis
    Olivia Battistoni, Ryan H. Huston, Chaitenya Verma, Thalia Pacheco-Fernandez, Sara Abul-Khoudoud, Alison Campbell, Abhay R. Satoskar
    Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Luring the vector: A systematic review of sand fly attractants
    Panagiota Tsafrakidou, Arsen Gkektsian, Michael Miaoulis, Lee W. Cohnstaedt, Alexandra Chaskopoulou
    Current Research in Parasitology & Vector-Borne Diseases.2025; 8: 100325.     CrossRef
  • Intracellular Parasitic Infections Caused by Plasmodium falciparum, Leishmania spp., Toxoplasma gondii, Echinococcus multilocularis, Among Key Pathogens: Global Burden, Transmission Dynamics, and Vaccine Advances—A Narrative Review with Contextual Insight
    Tatevik Sargsyan, Lala Stepanyan, Avetis Tsaturyan, Rosanna Palumbo, Caterina Vicidomini, Giovanni N. Roviello
    Vaccines.2025; 13(11): 1082.     CrossRef
  • Repurposing Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors for Leishmaniasis: Donepezil Hydrochloride and Related Compounds Against the American Tegumentary Form
    Daniela E. Barraza, Emilse N. Araoz, María A. Occhionero, Daniela A. Gaspar, Eliana G. Guevara, María E. Vázquez, Brenda A. Zabala, Paola A. Barroso, Cecilia Pérez Brandán, Carlos J. Minahk, Leonardo Acuña
    Antibiotics.2025; 14(12): 1182.     CrossRef
  • Genetic Manipulation Tools in Leishmania: From CRISPR/Cas9 to Vaccine Strategies for Disease Control
    Merve Gundogdu, Zeynep Islek
    Acta Parasitologica.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Cutaneous leishmaniasis: immunological insights and clinical challenges
    Héctor Serrano-Coll, Lucero Katherine Aristizábal Parra, Graciela Olarte, Carolina Salamanca-Leguizamón
    Colombia Medica.2025; 56(3): e3006750.     CrossRef
  • CRISPR-Cas13b mediated gene knockdowns in Leishmania infantum
    Marine Queffeulou, Raouia Fakhfakh, Fereshteh Fani, Alex Dos Santos, Gabriel Reis Ferreira, Sophia Bigot, Chantal Godin, Philippe Leprohon, Barbara Papadopoulou, Marc Ouellette
    International Journal for Parasitology: Drugs and Drug Resistance.2025; : 100629.     CrossRef
  • Memory T cells: promising biomarkers for evaluating protection and vaccine efficacy against leishmaniasis
    Mahmoud Nateghi-Rostami, Yahya Sohrabi
    Frontiers in Immunology.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • GSK-3 kinase a putative therapeutic target in trypanosomatid parasites
    Alfredo Prado Diaz, Cristian Alejandro Meneses Canal, Alvaro José Valdés, Jaider Elian Giraldo Delgado, RE Varela-M
    The Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases.2024; 28(2): 103736.     CrossRef
  • Live attenuated-nonpathogenic Leishmania and DNA structures as promising vaccine platforms against leishmaniasis: innovations can make waves
    Negar Seyed, Tahereh Taheri, Sima Rafati
    Frontiers in Microbiology.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Dual Antitubercular and Antileishmanial Profiles of Quinoxaline Di-N-Oxides Containing an Amino Acidic Side Chain
    Juan F. González, María-Auxiliadora Dea-Ayuela, Lena Huck, José María Orduña, Francisco Bolás-Fernández, Elena de la Cuesta, Nazia Haseen, Ashraf Ali Mohammed, J. Carlos Menéndez
    Pharmaceuticals.2024; 17(4): 487.     CrossRef
  • The role of CD4+ T cells in visceral leishmaniasis; new and emerging roles for NKG7 and TGFβ
    Jinrui Na, Christian Engwerda
    Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Pilot-Scale Screening of Clinically Approved Drugs to Identify Uridine Insertion/Deletion RNA Editing Inhibitors in Trypanosoma brucei
    Mojtaba Rostamighadi, Arezou Kamelshahroudi, Vanessa Pitsitikas, Kenneth A. Jacobson, Reza Salavati
    ACS Infectious Diseases.2024; 10(9): 3289.     CrossRef
  • Effect of Leishmania infantum infection on B cell lymphopoiesis and memory in the bone marrow and spleen
    Laura Dirkx, Marlotte Loyens, Sara I. Van Acker, Dimitri Bulté, Mathieu Claes, Magdalena Radwanska, Stefan Magez, Guy Caljon
    The FASEB Journal.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • In silico and in vitro evaluation of the immunogenic potential of Leishmania donovani ascorbate peroxidase and its derived peptides
    Shobha Kumari, Saravanan Vijaykumar, Vikash Kumar, Ravi Ranjan, Dayakar Alti, Veer Singh, Ghufran Ahmed, Ganesh Chandra Sahoo, Krishna Pandey, Ashish Kumar
    Acta Tropica.2024; 260: 107381.     CrossRef
  • The Major Role of T Regulatory Cells in the Efficiency of Vaccination in General and Immunocompromised Populations: A Review
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Brief Communication

Immunogenicity of Exosomes from Dendritic Cells Stimulated with Toxoplasma gondii Lysates in Ocularly Immunized Mice
Bong-Kwang Jung, Eun-Do Kim, Hyemi Song, Jong-Yil Chai, Kyoung Yul Seo
Korean J Parasitol 2020;58(2):185-189.
Published online April 30, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2020.58.2.185
Immunogenicity of dendritic cell-derived exosomes stimulated with Toxoplasma gondii lysates (TLA exo), mixed with cholera toxin as an adjuvant, was investigated in mice immunized via 2 mucosal routes (ocular vs intranasal). BALB/c mice were injected 3 times with TLA exo vaccine at 2 week interval, and the levels of IgG in serum and IgA in tear, saliva, feces, and vaginal wash were measured. To observe the expression of T. gondii-specific B1 gene, mice infected with ME49 T. gondii cysts were immunized with TLA exo or PBS exo (not stimulated with TLA), and their brain tissues were examined. The mice vaccinated via intranasal route elicited significantly higher humoral and mucosal immune responses compared with mice treated with PBS alone. Also, mice immunized via ocular route (by eyedrop) induced significantly higher T. gondii-specific IgG in serum and IgA in tear and feces in comparison with PBS controls. B1 gene expression was significantly lower in TLA exo vaccinated mice than in PBS or PBS exo vaccinated mice. These results demonstrated that ocular immunization of mice with TLA exo vaccine has the potential to stimulate systemic or local antibody responses. This study also highlighted an advantage of an eyedrop vaccine as an alternative for T. gondii intranasal vaccines.

Citations

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    Walaa A. Gad, Sally Ibrahim, Hiam Nagdy, Bassma S. M. Elsawy, Dina Aboelsoued, Hoda S. M. Abdel-Ghany, Ahmed A. A. Abdel-Wareth, Khaled A. Abd El-Razik, Karima Gh. M. Mahmoud, Walid T. M. Soliman, Mohamed O. Taqi
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    Velia Verónica Rangel-Ramírez, Hilda Minerva González-Sánchez, César Lucio-García
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    Ali Hazrati, Zahra Mirsanei, Neda Heidari, Kosar Malekpour, Nasim Rahmani-Kukia, Ardeshir Abbasi, Sara Soudi
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  • Host-pathogen interactions mediated by extracellular vesicles in Toxoplasma gondii infection during pregnancy
    Fernando Gómez-Chávez, José M. Murrieta-Coxca, Heriberto Caballero-Ortega, Diana M. Morales-Prieto, Udo R. Markert
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    Mohammad Mahdi Jafari, Zahra Azimzadeh Tabrizi, Mohammad Saaid Dayer, Nazanin Atieh Kazemi-Sefat, Mahshid Mohtashamifard, Rahimeh Mohseni, Atefeh Bagheri, Saeed Bahadory, Amir Karimipour-Saryazdi, Fatemeh Ghaffarifar
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    Eylem Akdur Ozturk, Ayse Caner
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    Brenda Celeste Gutierrez, Maria Eugenia Ancarola, Izadora Volpato-Rossi, Antonio Marcilla, Marcel Ivan Ramirez, Mara Cecilia Rosenzvit, Marcela Cucher, Carolina Verónica Poncini
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    Patrick Santos, Fausto Almeida
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Original Articles

Virus-Like Particles Expressing Toxoplasma gondii Rhoptry Protein 18 Induces Better Protection Than Rhoptry Protein 4 against T. gondii Infection
Hae-Ji Kang, Su-Hwa Lee, Ki-Back Chu, Dong-Hun Lee, Fu-Shi Quan
Korean J Parasitol 2018;56(5):429-435.
Published online October 31, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2018.56.5.429
Toxoplasma gondii is a ubiquitous protozoan parasite responsible for causing toxoplasmosis. Preventive measures for toxoplasmosis are currently lacking and as such, development of novel vaccines are of urgent need. In this study, we generated 2 virus-like particles (VLPs) vaccines expressing T. gondii rhoptry protein 4 (ROP4) or rhoptry protein 18 (ROP18) using influenza matrix protein (M1) as a core protein. Mice were intranasally immunized with VLPs vaccines and after the last immunization, mice were challenged with ME49 cysts. Protective efficacy was assessed and compared by determining serum antibody responses, body weight changes and the reduction of cyst counts in the brain. ROP18 VLPs-immunized mice induced greater levels of IgG and IgA antibody responses than those immunized with ROP4 VLPs. ROP18 VLPs immunization significantly reduced body weight loss and the number of brain cysts in mice compared to ROP4 VLPs post-challenge. These results indicate that T. gondii ROP18 VLPs elicited better protective efficacy than ROP4 VLPs, providing important insight into vaccine design strategy.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  Crossref logo
  • Evaluation of a DNA vector plasmid encoding a partial rop18 gene from toxoplasma gondii in domestic cats as a vaccine candidate
    Ana Flávia Minutti, João Pedro Sasse, Ana Clécia dos Santos Silva, Thais Agostinho Martins, Valentina Martinez, Beatriz de Souza Lima Nino, Fernando de Souza Rodrigues, Luiz Daniel de Barros, João Luis Garcia
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    Ki Back Chu, Fu-Shi Quan
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    Ki-Back Chu, Fu-Shi Quan
    Parasites, Hosts and Diseases.2023; 61(3): 231.     CrossRef
  • Orally Administrated Recombinant Vaccinia Virus Displaying ROP4 Induces Protection against Toxoplasma gondii Challenge Infection
    Keon-Woong Yoon, Ki-Back Chu, Hae-Ji Kang, Min-Ju Kim, Gi-Deok Eom, Fu-Shi Quan
    Vaccines.2022; 10(2): 152.     CrossRef
  • Protective immunity induced by CpG ODN‐adjuvanted virus‐like particles containing Toxoplasma gondii proteins
    Hae‐Ji Kang, Ki‐Back Chu, Min‐Ju Kim, Su‐Hwa Lee, Hyunwoo Park, Hui Jin, Eun‐Kyung Moon, Fu‐Shi Quan
    Parasite Immunology.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Hae-Ji Kang, Ki-Back Chu, Min-Ju Kim, Hyunwoo Park, Hui Jin, Su-Hwa Lee, Eun-Kyung Moon, Fu-Shi Quan
    Pharmaceutics.2020; 12(10): 989.     CrossRef
  • Previous Infection with Plasmodium berghei Confers Resistance to Toxoplasma gondii Infection in Mice
    Dong-Hun Lee, Ki-Back Chu, Hae-Ji Kang, Su-Hwa Lee, Fu-Shi Quan
    The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2019; 57(2): 93.     CrossRef
  • Influenza Virus-Like Particles Presenting both Toxoplasma gondii ROP4 and ROP13 Enhance Protection against T. gondii Infection
    Hae-Ji Kang, Su-Hwa Lee, Min-Ju Kim, Ki-Back Chu, Dong-Hun Lee, Manika Chopra, Hyo-Jick Choi, Hyunwoo Park, Hui Jin, Fu-Shi Quan
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Evaluation of Protective Immune Response Induced by a DNA Vaccine Encoding GRA8 against Acute Toxoplasmosis in a Murine Model
Jia-Qi Chu, Shuai Huang, Wei Ye, Xuan-Yan Fan, Rui Huang, Shi-Cai Ye, Cai-Yuan Yu, Wei-Yun Wu, Yu Zhou, Wei Zhou, Young-Ha Lee, Juan-Hua Quan
Korean J Parasitol 2018;56(4):325-334.
Published online August 31, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2018.56.4.325
Toxoplasma gondii is an apicomplexan zoonotic protozoan parasite that infects most species of warm-blooded animals, including humans. The heavy incidence and severe or lethal damage caused by T. gondii infection clearly indicate a need for the development of an effective vaccine. T. gondii GRA8 is a member of the dense granules protein family and is used as a marker of acute infection. In the present study, we evaluated the protective immunity induced by DNA vaccination based on a recombinant eukaryotic plasmid, pDsRed2-GRA8, against acute toxoplasmosis in mice. BALB/c mice were intramuscularly immunized with the pDsRed2-GRA8 plasmid and then challenged by infection with the highly virulent GFP-RH strain of T. gondii. The specific immune responses and protective efficacy against T. gondii of this vaccine were analyzed by measuring cytokine and serum antibody titers, splenocyte proliferation assays, and the survival times of mice after challenge. Our results showed that mice immunized with pDsRed2-GRA8 demonstrated specific humoral and cellular responses, induced higher IgG antibody titers with predominant IgG2a production; increased levels of IL-10, IL-12 (p70), IFN-γ, TNF-α, and splenocyte proliferation; and prolonged survival times compared to those of control mice. The present study showed that DNA immunization with pDsRed2-GRA8 induced humoral and cellular immune responses, and all immunized mice showed greater Th1-type immune responses and longer survival times than those of control mice. These results indicated that T. gondii GRA8 DNA immunization induces a partial protective effect against acute toxoplasmosis.

Citations

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    Amirreza Javadi Mamaghani, Anwar Fathollahi, Zahra Arab-Mazar, Kobra kohansal, Matin Fathollahi, Adel Spotin, Homayoon Bashiri, Arezoo Bozorgomid
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    Xirui Zhang, Hao Yuan, Yasser S. Mahmmod, Zipeng Yang, Mengpo Zhao, Yining Song, Shengjun Luo, Xiu-Xiang Zhang, Zi-Guo Yuan
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    Xiaoyu Sang, Xiang Li, Ran Chen, Ying Feng, Ting He, Xiaohan Zhang, Saeed El-Ashram, Ebtsam Al-Olayan, Na Yang
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    Xiang‐Yuan Fan, Xiao‐Can Xu, Ya‐Xue Wu, Xiao‐Ya Liu, Feng Yang, Yong‐Hong Hu
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    Rosalie C. Warner, Ryan C. Chapman, Brianna N. Davis, Paul H. Davis
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    Fatemeh Rezaei, Mahdi Sharif, Shahabeddin Sarvi, Seyed Hossein Hejazi, Sargis Aghayan, Abdol Sattar Pagheh, Samira Dodangeh, Ahmad Daryani
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Unraveling Haplotype Diversity of the Apical Membrane Antigen-1 Gene in Plasmodium falciparum Populations in Thailand
Lalita Lumkul, Vorthon Sawaswong, Phumin Simpalipan, Morakot Kaewthamasorn, Pongchai Harnyuttanakorn, Sittiporn Pattaradilokrat
Korean J Parasitol 2018;56(2):153-165.
Published online April 30, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2018.56.2.153
Development of an effective vaccine is critically needed for the prevention of malaria. One of the key antigens for malaria vaccines is the apical membrane antigen 1 (AMA-1) of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum, the surface protein for erythrocyte invasion of the parasite. The gene encoding AMA-1 has been sequenced from populations of P. falciparum worldwide, but the haplotype diversity of the gene in P. falciparum populations in the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS), including Thailand, remains to be characterized. In the present study, the AMA-1 gene was PCR amplified and sequenced from the genomic DNA of 65 P. falciparum isolates from 5 endemic areas in Thailand. The nearly fulllength 1,848 nucleotide sequence of AMA-1 was subjected to molecular analyses, including nucleotide sequence diversity, haplotype diversity and deduced amino acid sequence diversity and neutrality tests. Phylogenetic analysis and pairwise population differentiation (Fst indices) were performed to infer the population structure. The analyses identified 60 single nucleotide polymorphic loci, predominately located in domain I of AMA-1. A total of 31 unique AMA-1 haplotypes were identified, which included 11 novel ones. The phylogenetic tree of the AMA-1 haplotypes revealed multiple clades of AMA-1, each of which contained parasites of multiple geographical origins, consistent with the Fst indices indicating genetic homogeneity or gene flow among geographically distinct populations of P. falciparum in Thailand’s borders with Myanmar, Laos and Cambodia. In summary, the study revealed novel haplotypes and population structure needed for the further advancement of AMA-1-based malaria vaccines in the GMS.

Citations

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  • Genetic diversity and natural selection of apical membrane antigen-1 (ama-1) in Cameroonian Plasmodium falciparum isolates
    Joseph Hawadak, Loick Pradel Kojom Foko, Rodrigue Roman Dongang Nana, Karmveer Yadav, Veena Pande, Aparup Das, Vineeta Singh
    Gene.2024; 894: 147956.     CrossRef
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    Tuấn Cường Võ, Hương Giang Lê, Jung-Mi Kang, Haung Naw, Won Gi Yoo, Moe Kyaw Myint, Huynh Hong Quang, Byoung-Kuk Na
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    Tulika Nirmolia, Md. Atique Ahmed, Vinayagam Sathishkumar, Nilanju P. Sarma, Dibya R. Bhattacharyya, Pradyumna K. Mohapatra, Devendra Bansal, Praveen K. Bharti, Rakesh Sehgal, Jagadish Mahanta, Ali A. Sultan, Kanwar Narain, Saurav J. Patgiri
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    Pornpawee Sookpongthai, Korawich Utayopas, Thassanai Sitthiyotha, Theerakamol Pengsakul, Morakot Kaewthamasorn, Kittikhun Wangkanont, Pongchai Harnyuttanakorn, Surasak Chunsrivirot, Sittiporn Pattaradilokrat
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    Alena Pance
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    David Ricardo Salamanca, Marcela Gómez, Anny Camargo, Laura Cuy-Chaparro, Jessica Molina-Franky, César Reyes, Manuel Alfonso Patarroyo, Manuel Elkin Patarroyo
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    Joel L. N. Barratt, Subin Park, Fernanda S. Nascimento, Jessica Hofstetter, Mateusz Plucinski, Shannon Casillas, Richard S. Bradbury, Michael J. Arrowood, Yvonne Qvarnstrom, Eldin Talundzic
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    Katrina J. Spensley, Paul S. Wikramaratna, Bridget S. Penman, Andrew Walker, Adrian L. Smith, Oliver G. Pybus, Létitia Jean, Sunetra Gupta, José Lourenço
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  • Crossref
DNA Vaccines Encoding Toxoplasma gondii Cathepsin C 1 Induce Protection against Toxoplasmosis in Mice
Yali Han, Aihua Zhou, Gang Lu, Guanghui Zhao, Wenchao Sha, Lin Wang, Jingjing Guo, Jian Zhou, Huaiyu Zhou, Hua Cong, Shenyi He
Korean J Parasitol 2017;55(5):505-512.
Published online October 31, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2017.55.5.505
Toxoplasma gondii cathepsin C proteases (TgCPC1, 2, and 3) are important for the growth and survival of T. gondii. In the present study, B-cell and T-cell epitopes of TgCPC1 were predicted using DNAstar and the Immune Epitope Database. A TgCPC1 DNA vaccine was constructed, and its ability to induce protective immune responses against toxoplasmosis in BALB/c mice was evaluated in the presence or absence of the adjuvant α-GalCer. As results, TgCPC1 DNA vaccine with or without adjuvant α-GalCer showed higher levels of IgG and IgG2a in the serum, as well as IL-2 and IFN-γ in the spleen compared to controls (PBS, pEGFP-C1, and α-Galcer). Upon challenge infection with tachyzoites of T. gondii (RH), pCPC1/α-Galcer immunized mice showed the longest survival among all the groups. Mice vaccinated with DNA vaccine without adjuvant (pCPC1) showed better protective immunity compared to other controls (PBS, pEGFP-C1, and α-Galcer). These results indicate that a DNA vaccine encoding TgCPC1 is a potential vaccine candidate against toxoplasmosis.

Citations

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  • Modest Protective Immune Responses Induced by a DNA Vaccine Expressing IMP1 of Toxoplasma gondii in BALB/c Mice
    Farid Alizadeh, Maryam Hataminejad, Hajar Yaghoobi, Hakim Azizi
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    Xirui Zhang, Hao Yuan, Yasser S. Mahmmod, Zipeng Yang, Mengpo Zhao, Yining Song, Shengjun Luo, Xiu-Xiang Zhang, Zi-Guo Yuan
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    Sajad Rashidi, Javier Sánchez-Montejo, Reza Mansouri, Mohammad Ali-Hassanzadeh, Amir Savardashtaki, Mohammad Saleh Bahreini, Mohammadreza Karimazar, Raúl Manzano-Román, Paul Nguewa
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    Lamei Wu, Huijian Yang, Jianglin Wang, Xiuwen Yu, Yanhong He, Shenxia Chen
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    Jian Zhou, Chenxi Li, Yingquan Luo, Lin Wang
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    Jair L. Siqueira-Neto, Anjan Debnath, Laura-Isobel McCall, Jean A. Bernatchez, Momar Ndao, Sharon L. Reed, Philip J. Rosenthal, Photini Sinnis
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  • Evaluation of Protective Immune Response Induced by a DNA Vaccine Encoding GRA8 against Acute Toxoplasmosis in a Murine Model
    Jia-Qi Chu, Shuai Huang, Wei Ye, Xuan-Yan Fan, Rui Huang, Shi-Cai Ye, Cai-Yuan Yu, Wei-Yun Wu, Yu Zhou, Wei Zhou, Young-Ha Lee, Juan-Hua Quan
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  • 12 Web of Science
  • Crossref
Isolation and Characterization of Vaccine Candidate Genes Including CSP and MSP1 in Plasmodium yoelii
Seon-Hee Kim, Young-An Bae, Ju-Young Seoh, Hyun-Jong Yang
Korean J Parasitol 2017;55(3):255-265.
Published online June 30, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2017.55.3.255
Malaria is an infectious disease affecting humans, which is transmitted by the bite of Anopheles mosquitoes harboring sporozoites of parasitic protozoans belonging to the genus Plasmodium. Despite past achievements to control the protozoan disease, malaria still remains a significant health threat up to now. In this study, we cloned and characterized the full-unit Plasmodium yoelii genes encoding merozoite surface protein 1 (MSP1), circumsporozoite protein (CSP), and Duffy-binding protein (DBP), each of which can be applied for investigations to obtain potent protective vaccines in the rodent malaria model, due to their specific expression patterns during the parasite life cycle. Recombinant fragments corresponding to the middle and C-terminal regions of PyMSP1 and PyCSP, respectively, displayed strong reactivity against P. yoelii-infected mice sera. Specific native antigens invoking strong humoral immune response during the primary and secondary infections of P. yoelii were also abundantly detected in experimental ICR mice. The low or negligible parasitemia observed in the secondary infected mice was likely to result from the neutralizing action of the protective antibodies. Identification of these antigenic proteins might provide the necessary information and means to characterize additional vaccine candidate antigens, selected solely on their ability to produce the protective antibodies.
  • 9,605 View
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Potential Vaccine Targets against Rabbit Coccidiosis by Immunoproteomic Analysis
Hongyan Song, Ronglian Dong, Baofeng Qiu, Jin Jing, Shunxing Zhu, Chun Liu, Yingmei Jiang, Liucheng Wu, Shengcun Wang, Jin Miao, Yixiang Shao
Korean J Parasitol 2017;55(1):15-20.
Published online February 28, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2017.55.1.15
The aim of this study was to identify antigens for a vaccine or drug target to control rabbit coccidiosis. A combination of 2-dimensional electrophoresis, immunoblotting, and mass spectrometric analysis were used to identify novel antigens from the sporozoites of Eimeria stiedae. Protein spots were recognized by the sera of New Zealand rabbits infected artificially with E. stiedae. The proteins were characterized by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS) analysis in combination with bioinformatics. Approximately 868 protein spots were detected by silver-staining, and a total of 41 immunoreactive protein spots were recognized by anti-E. stiedae sera. Finally, 23 protein spots were successfully identified. The proteins such as heat shock protein 70 and aspartyl protease may have potential as immunodiagnostic or vaccine antigens. The immunoreactive proteins were found to possess a wide range of biological functions. This study is the first to report the proteins recognized by sera of infected rabbits with E. stiedae, which might be helpful in identifying potential targets for vaccine development to control rabbit coccidiosis.

Citations

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  • 10,381 View
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  • 6 Web of Science
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Mini Reviews

Recent Advances in Toxoplasma gondii Immunotherapeutics
Sherene Swee-Yin Lim, Rofina Yasmin Othman
Korean J Parasitol 2014;52(6):581-593.
Published online December 23, 2014
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2014.52.6.581

Toxoplasmosis is an opportunistic infection caused by the protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii. T. gondii is widespread globally and causes severe diseases in individuals with impaired immune defences as well as congenitally infected infants. The high prevalence rate in some parts of the world such as South America and Africa, coupled with the current drug treatments that trigger hypersensitivity reactions, makes the development of immunotherapeutics intervention a highly important research priority. Immunotherapeutics strategies could either be a vaccine which would confer a pre-emptive immunity to infection, or passive immunization in cases of disease recrudescence or recurrent clinical diseases. As the severity of clinical manifestations is often greater in developing nations, the development of well-tolerated and safe immunotherapeutics becomes not only a scientific pursuit, but a humanitarian enterprise. In the last few years, much progress has been made in vaccine research with new antigens, novel adjuvants, and innovative vaccine delivery such as nanoparticles and antigen encapsulations. A literature search over the past 5 years showed that most experimental studies were focused on DNA vaccination at 52%, followed by protein vaccination which formed 36% of the studies, live attenuated vaccinations at 9%, and heterologous vaccination at 3%; while there were few on passive immunization. Recent progress in studies on vaccination, passive immunization, as well as insights gained from these immunotherapeutics is highlighted in this review.

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    Abolfazl Mirzadeh, Geita Saadatnia, Majid Golkar, Jalal Babaie, Samira Amiri, Asiyeh Yoosefy
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    H. Sobati, A. Dalimi, B. Kazemi, F. Ghaffarifar
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    Ahmed M. Gomaa, Nora L. El-Tantawy, Aliaa M. Elsawey, Ramy A. Abdelsalam, Manar S. Azab
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    Sherene Swee Yin Lim, Kek Heng Chua, Greta Nölke, Holger Spiegel, Wai Leong Goh, Sek Chuen Chow, Boon Pin Kee, Rainer Fischer, Stefan Schillberg, Rofina Yasmin Othman
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    Luiz Miguel Pereira, Gabriela de Luca, Nathália de Lima Martins Abichabki, Cássia Mariana Bronzon da Costa, Ana Patrícia Yatsuda
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    Masoud Foroutan, Fatemeh Ghaffarifar
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    Masoud Foroutan, Leila Zaki, Fatemeh Ghaffarifar
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    Mahbobeh Montazeri, Mehdi Sharif, Shahabeddin Sarvi, Saeed Mehrzadi, Ehsan Ahmadpour, Ahmad Daryani
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    Nicola Palmieri, Aruna Shrestha, Bärbel Ruttkowski, Tomas Beck, Claus Vogl, Fiona Tomley, Damer P. Blake, Anja Joachim
    International Journal for Parasitology.2017; 47(4): 189.     CrossRef
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    Guanghui Zhao, Xiaojie Song, Xiangnan Kong, Ning Zhang, Shaoling Qu, Wei Zhu, Yanyan Yang, Qian Wang
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    Ting Wang, Huiquan Yin, Yan Li, Lingxiao Zhao, Xiahui Sun, Hua Cong
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    Khalid Hajissa, Robaiza Zakaria, Rapeah Suppian, Zeehaida Mohamed
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    Anja Joachim
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    Lucilene Granuzzio Camossi, Felipe Fornazari, Virgínia Bodelão Richini-Pereira, Rodrigo Costa da Silva, Daniel Fontana Ferreira Cardia, Helio Langoni
    Experimental Parasitology.2015; 154: 163.     CrossRef
  • Homologous prime-boost strategy with TgPI-1 improves the immune response and protects highly susceptible mice against chronic Toxoplasma gondii infection
    Vanesa R. Sánchez, Ignacio M. Fenoy, Mariano S. Picchio, Ariadna S. Soto, Nadia Arcon, Alejandra Goldman, Valentina Martin
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    Ke-Sheng Xin, Hui Liu, Hong-Bing Wang, Zong-Liang Yao
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  • In Vitro and In Vivo Effects of the Bumped Kinase Inhibitor 1294 in the Related Cyst-Forming Apicomplexans Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum
    Pablo Winzer, Joachim Müller, Adriana Aguado-Martínez, Mahbubur Rahman, Vreni Balmer, Vera Manser, Luis Miguel Ortega-Mora, Kayode K. Ojo, Erkang Fan, Dustin J. Maly, Wesley C. Van Voorhis, Andrew Hemphill
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  • Clinically Available Medicines Demonstrating Anti-Toxoplasma Activity
    Andrew J. Neville, Sydney J. Zach, Xiaofang Wang, Joshua J. Larson, Abigail K. Judge, Lisa A. Davis, Jonathan L. Vennerstrom, Paul H. Davis
    Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy.2015; 59(12): 7161.     CrossRef
  • 14,440 View
  • 150 Download
  • 37 Web of Science
  • Crossref
New Molecules in Babesia gibsoni and Their Application for Diagnosis, Vaccine Development, and Drug Discovery
Youn-Kyoung Goo, Xuenan Xuan
Korean J Parasitol 2014;52(4):345-353.
Published online August 29, 2014
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2014.52.4.345

Babesia gibsoni is an intraerythrocytic apicomplexan parasite that causes piroplasmosis in dogs. B. gibsoni infection is characterized clinically by fever, regenerative anemia, splenomegaly, and sometimes death. Since no vaccine is available, rapid and accurate diagnosis and prompt treatment of infected animals are required to control this disease. Over the past decade, several candidate molecules have been identified using biomolecular techniques in the authors' laboratory for the development of a serodiagnostic method, vaccine, and drug for B. gibsoni. This review article describes newly identified candidate molecules and their applications for diagnosis, vaccine production, and drug development of B. gibsoni.

Citations

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  • Standardization of quantitative PCR (qPCR) method to detect the level of parasitaemia in Babesia gibsoni infected dogs
    Varuna Purushothama Panicker, Athira Narayanan, Ajith Kumar Sreedharan Nair, Anjaly Krishnan, Nimna Ajay, Vinod Kumar
    Journal of Microbiological Methods.2024; 224: 107009.     CrossRef
  • Phylogenetic analysis of Babesia gibsoni isolates of south India using apical membrane antigen, 50 kDa surface antigen, and 70 kDa heat shock protein genes
    Chundayil Kalarickal Deepa, Anju Varghese, Christophe Angeline Felicia Bora, Karapparambu Gopalan Ajith Kumar, Lijo John, Muhasin Asaf, Sunanda Chulliparambil, Reghu Ravindran
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  • Identification of three members of the multidomain adhesion CCp family in Babesia gibsoni
    Hang Li, Shengwei Ji, Eloiza May Galon, Iqra Zafar, Zhuowei Ma, Thom Do, Moaz M. Amer, Yihong Ma, Junya Yamagishi, Mingming Liu, Xuenan Xuan
    Acta Tropica.2023; 241: 106890.     CrossRef
  • Babesia gibsoni Whole-Genome Sequencing, Assembling, Annotation, and Comparative Analysis
    Qin Liu, Xing-Ai Guan, Dong-Fang Li, Ya-Xin Zheng, Sen Wang, Xue-Nan Xuan, Jun-Long Zhao, Lan He, Jian Li
    Microbiology Spectrum.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Evaluation of recombinant Babesia gibsoni thrombospondin-related adhesive protein (BgTRAP) for the sero-diagnosis of canine babesiosis
    Chundayil Kalarickal Deepa, Anju Varghese, Karapparambu Gopalan Ajith Kumar, Ashwathappa Nandini, Gatchanda Shravan Kumar, Prabodh Kumar Hembram, Chemmangattuvalappil Narendranath Dinesh, Sanis Juliet, Jess Vergis, Ollukkara Krishnan Sindhu, Reghu Ravindr
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    Mingming Liu, Ikuo Igarashi, Xuenan Xuan
    Trends in Parasitology.2022; 38(9): 815.     CrossRef
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    Abdelfattah Selim, Ameer Megahed, Mourad Ben Said, Abdullah D. Alanazi, Mohamed Z. Sayed-Ahmed
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  • Establishment and Application of an Indirect Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Measuring GPI-Anchored Protein 52 (P52) Antibodies in Babesia gibsoni-Infected Dogs
    Qin Liu, Xueyan Zhan, Dongfang Li, Junlong Zhao, Haiyong Wei, Heba Alzan, Lan He
    Animals.2022; 12(9): 1197.     CrossRef
  • Evaluation of the Inhibitory Effects of Six Natural Product Extracts against Babesia gibsoni in Vitro and in Vivo
    Xiaohu Zhai, Lingxu Li, Peihao Zhang, Yiwen Guo, Huaide Jiang, Weihua He, Yanyan Li, Bin Zhang, Dawei Yao
    Journal of Parasitology.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • In vitro screening of novel anti-Babesia gibsoni drugs from natural products
    Shengwei Ji, Mingming Liu, Eloiza May Galon, Mohamed Abdo Rizk, Jixu Li, Yongchang Li, Iqra Zafar, Ikuo Igarashi, Xuenan Xuan
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    Wuren Ma, Huan Tang, Yu Zhou, Guanghui Zhao, Yunpeng Fan, Xiaoping Song, Junke Song
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  • Closing the empty anti-Babesia gibsoni drug pipeline in vitro using fluorescence-based high throughput screening assay
    Mohamed Abdo Rizk, Shengwei Ji, Mingming Liu, Shimaa Abd El-Salam El-Sayed, Yongchang Li, Benedicto Byamukama, Aaron Edmond Ringo, Xuenan Xuan, Ikuo Igarashi
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    Naseir Mohammed Badawi, Afaf Abdulrahman Yousif
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    Naseir M. Badawi, Afaf A. Yousif
    The Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Medicine.2020; 44((E0)): 34.     CrossRef
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    Caroline D. Keroack, Brendan Elsworth, Manoj T. Duraisingh
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  • Inhibitory effects of the phytohormone inhibitors fluridone and inabenfide against Babesia gibsoni in vitro
    Mingming Liu, Tatsunori Masatani, Paul Franck Adjou Moumouni, Seung-Hun Lee, Eloiza May Galon, Yang Gao, Huanping Guo, Jixu Li, Yongchang Li, Xuenan Xuan
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  • Evaluation of Babesia gibsoni GPI-anchored Protein 47 (BgGPI47-WH) as a Potential Diagnostic Antigen by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
    Xueyan Zhan, Long Yu, Xiaomeng An, Qin Liu, Muxiao Li, Zheng Nie, Yangnan Zhao, Sen Wang, Yangsiqi Ao, Yu Tian, Lan He, Junlong Zhao
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  • Identification and characterization of interchangeable cross-species functional promoters between Babesia gibsoni and Babesia bovis
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  • Establishment of a stable transfection system for genetic manipulation of Babesia gibsoni
    Mingming Liu, Paul Franck Adjou Moumouni, Masahito Asada, Hassan Hakimi, Tatsunori Masatani, Patrick Vudriko, Seung-Hun Lee, Shin-ichiro Kawazu, Junya Yamagishi, Xuenan Xuan
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  • Transient transfection of intraerythrocytic Babesia gibsoni using elongation factor-1 alpha promoter
    Mingming Liu, Masahito Asada, Shinuo Cao, Paul Franck Adjou Moumouni, Patrick Vudriko, Artemis Efstratiou, Hassan Hakimi, Tatsunori Masatani, Fujiko Sunaga, Shin-ichiro Kawazu, Junya Yamagishi, Xuenan Xuan
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  • 143 Download
  • 23 Web of Science
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Brief Communication

Gene Cloning, Expression and Immunogenicity of the Protective Antigen Subolesin in Dermacentor silvarum
Yonghong Hu, Hua Zeng, Jincheng Zhang, Duo Wang, Dongming Li, Tiantian Zhang, Shujie Yang, Jingze Liu
Korean J Parasitol 2014;52(1):93-97.
Published online February 19, 2014
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2014.52.1.93

Subolesin (4D8), the ortholog of insect akirins, is a highly conserved protective antigen and thus has the potential for development of a broad-spectrum vaccine against ticks and mosquitoes. To date, no protective antigens have been characterized nor tested as candidate vaccines against Dermacentor silvarum bites and transmission of associated pathogens. In this study, we cloned the open reading frame (ORF) of D. silvarum 4D8 cDNA (Ds4D8), which consisted of 498 bp encoding 165 amino acid residues. The results of sequence alignments and phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that D. silvarum 4D8 (Ds4D8) is highly conserved showing more than 81% identity of amino acid sequences with those of other hard ticks. Additionally, Ds4D8 containing restriction sites was ligated into the pET-32(a+) expression vector and the recombinant plasmid was transformed into Escherichia coli rosetta. The recombinant Ds4D8 (rDs4D8) was induced by isopropyl β-D-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) and purified using Ni affinity chromatography. The SDS-PAGE results showed that the molecular weight of rDs4D8 was 40 kDa, which was consistent with the expected molecular mass considering 22 kDa histidine-tagged thioredoxin (TRX) protein from the expression vector. Western blot results showed that rabbit anti-D. silvarum serum recognized the expressed rDs4D8, suggesting an immune response against rDs4D8. These results provided the basis for developing a candidate vaccine against D. silvarum ticks and transmission of associated pathogens.

Citations

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  • Subolesin gene structure and mRNA isoform diversity in South African R. microplus ticks: Relevance for understanding subolesin-based tick vaccines
    Elsje Christine Rabie, Christine Maritz-Olivier
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    Tiantian Zhang, Xuejiao Cui, Jincheng Zhang, Hui Wang, Meng Wu, Hua Zeng, Yuanyuan Cao, Jingze Liu, Yonghong Hu
    The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2015; 53(6): 789.     CrossRef
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Original Articles

Protective and Anti-Pathology Effects of Sm Fructose-1,6-Bisphosphate Aldolase-Based DNA Vaccine against Schistosoma mansoni by Changing Route of Injection
Mohamed Saber, Tarek Diab, Olft Hammam, Amr Karim, Amina Medhat, Mamdouh Khela, Ehab El-Dabaa
Korean J Parasitol 2013;51(2):155-163.
Published online April 25, 2013
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2013.51.2.155

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of fructose-1,6-bis phosphate aldolase (SMALDO) DNA vaccination against Schistosoma mansoni infection using different routes of injection. The SMALDO has been cloned into the eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3.1/V5-His TOPO-TA and was used in injecting Swiss albino mice intramuscularly (IM), subcutaneously (SC), or intraperitoneally (IP) (50 ?g/mouse). Mice vaccinated with non-recombinant pcDNA3.1 served as controls. Each group was immunized 4 times at weeks 0, 2, 4, and 6. Two weeks after the last booster dose, all mice groups were infected with 80 S. mansoni cercariae via tail immersion. At week 8 post-infection, animals were sacrificed for assessment of parasitological and histopathological parameters. High anti-SMALDO IgG antibody titers were detected in sera of all vaccinated groups (P<0.01) compared to the control group. Both the IP and SC vaccination routes resulted in a significant reduction in worm burden (46.2% and 28.9%, respectively, P<0.01). This was accompanied by a significant reduction in hepatic and intestinal egg counts (41.7% and 40.2%, respectively, P<0.01) in the IP group only. The number of dead eggs was significantly increased in both IP and IM groups (P<0.01). IP vaccination recorded the highest significant reduction in granuloma number and diameter (54.7% and 29.2%, respectively, P<0.01) and significant increase in dead miracidia (P<0.01). In conclusion, changing the injection route of SMALDO DNA vaccination significantly influenced the efficacy of vaccination. SMALDO DNA vaccination via IP route could be a promising protective and anti-pathology vaccine candidate against S. mansoni infection.

Citations

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    David B. Pirovich, Akram A. Da'dara, Patrick J. Skelly
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Efficacy of a DNA Vaccine Carrying Eimeria maxima Gam56 Antigen Gene against Coccidiosis in Chickens
Jinjun Xu, Yan Zhang, Jianping Tao
Korean J Parasitol 2013;51(2):147-154.
Published online April 25, 2013
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2013.51.2.147

To control coccidiosis without using prophylactic medications, a DNA vaccine targeting the gametophyte antigen Gam56 from Eimeria maxima in chickens was constructed, and the immunogenicity and protective effects were evaluated. The ORF of Gam56 gene was cloned into an eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3.1(zeo)+. Expression of Gam56 protein in COS-7 cells transfected with recombinant plasmid pcDNA-Gam56 was confirmed by indirect immunofluorescence assay. The DNA vaccine was injected intramuscularly to yellow feathered broilers of 1-week old at 3 dosages (25, 50, and 100 ?g/chick). Injection was repeated once 1 week later. One week after the second injection, birds were challenged orally with 5×104 sporulated oocysts of E. maxima, then weighed and killed at day 8 post challenge. Blood samples were collected and examined for specific peripheral blood lymphocyte proliferation activity and serum antibody levels. Compared with control groups, the administration of pcDNA-Gam56 vaccine markedly increased the lymphocyte proliferation activity (P<0.05) at day 7 and 14 after the first immunization. The level of lymphocyte proliferation started to decrease on day 21 after the first immunization. A similar trend was seen in specific antibody levels. Among the 3 pcDNA-Gam56 immunized groups, the median dosage group displayed the highest lymphocyte proliferation and antibody levels (P<0.05). The median dosage group had the greatest relative body weight gain (89.7%), and the greatest oocyst shedding reduction (53.7%). These results indicate that median dosage of DNA vaccine had good immunogenicity and immune protection effects, and may be used in field applications for coccidiosis control.

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Brief Communications

CD8+ T-cell Activation in Mice Injected with a Plasmid DNA Vaccine Encoding AMA-1 of the Reemerging Korean Plasmodium vivax
Hyo-Jin Kim, Bong-Kwang Jung, Jin-Joo Lee, Kyoung-Ho Pyo, Tae Yun Kim, Byung-il Choi, Tae Woo Kim, Hajime Hisaeda, Kunisuke Himeno, Eun-Hee Shin, Jong-Yil Chai
Korean J Parasitol 2011;49(1):85-90.
Published online March 18, 2011
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2011.49.1.85

Relatively little has been studied on the AMA-1 vaccine against Plasmodium vivax and on the plasmid DNA vaccine encoding P. vivax AMA-1 (PvAMA-1). In the present study, a plasmid DNA vaccine encoding AMA-1 of the reemerging Korean P. vivax has been constructed and a preliminary study was done on its cellular immunogenicity to recipient BALB/c mice. The PvAMA-1 gene was cloned and expressed in the plasmid vector UBpcAMA-1, and a protein band of approximately 56.8 kDa was obtained from the transfected COS7 cells. BALB/c mice were immunized intramuscularly or using a gene gun 4 times with the vaccine, and the proportions of splenic T-cell subsets were examined by fluorocytometry at week 2 after the last injection. The spleen cells from intramuscularly injected mice revealed no significant changes in the proportions of CD8+ T-cells and CD4+ T-cells. However, in mice immunized using a gene gun, significantly higher (P<0.05) proportions of CD8+ cells were observed compared to UB vector-injected control mice. The results indicated that cellular immunogenicity of the plasmid DNA vaccine encoding AMA-1 of the reemerging Korean P. vivax was weak when it was injected intramuscularly; however, a promising effect was observed using the gene gun injection technique.

Citations

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  • Live Vaccination with Blood-Stage Plasmodium yoelii 17XNL Prevents the Development of Experimental Cerebral Malaria
    Takashi Imai, Ha Ngo-Thanh, Kazutomo Suzue, Aoi Shimo, Akihiro Nakamura, Yutaka Horiuchi, Hajime Hisaeda, Takashi Murakami
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    Leoneide Érica Maduro Bouillet, Mariana Oliveira Dias, Natália Alves Dorigo, Andrew Douglas Moura, Bruce Russell, Francois Nosten, Laurent Renia, Érika Martins Braga, Ricardo Tostes Gazzinelli, Maurício M. Rodrigues, Irene S. Soares, Oscar Bruna-Romero, J
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Purification and biochemical characterization of two novel antigens from Leishmania major promastigotes
Majid Zeinali, Sussan K. Ardestani, Amina Kariminia
Korean J Parasitol 2007;45(4):287-293.
Published online December 20, 2007
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2007.45.4.287

The identification and characterization of antigens that elicit human T cell responses is an important step toward understanding of Leishmania major infection and ultimately in the development of a vaccine. Micropreparative SDS-PAGE followed by electrotransfer to a PVDF membrane and elution of proteins from the PVDF, was used to separate 2 novel proteins from L. major promastigotes, which can induce antibodies of the IgG2a isotype in mice and also are recognized by antisera of recovered human cutaneous leishmaniasis subjects. Fractionation of the crude extract of L. major revealed that all detectable proteins of interest were present within the soluble Leishmania antigens (SLA). Quantitation of these proteins showed that their expression in promastigotes is relatively very low. Considering the molecular weight, immunoreactivity, chromatographic and electrophoretic behavior in reducing and non-reducing conditions, these proteins are probably 2 isoforms of a single protein. A digest of these proteins was resolved on Tricine-SDS-PAGE and immunoreactive fragments were identified by human sera. Two immunoreactive fragments (36.4 and 34.8 kDa) were only generated by endoproteinase Glu-C treatment. These immunoreactive fragments or their parent molecules may be ideal candidates for incorporation in a cocktail vaccine against cutaneous leishmaniasis.

Citations

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  • Highly Effective Serodiagnosis for Chagas' Disease
    Pilar Hernández, Michael Heimann, Cristina Riera, Marco Solano, José Santalla, Alejandro O. Luquetti, Ewald Beck
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Original Articles
Protective efficacy of vaccination with Neospora caninum multiple recombinant antigens against experimental Neospora caninum infection
Jung-Hwa Cho, Woo-Suk Chung, Kyoung-Ju Song, Byoung-Kuk Na, Seung-Won Kang, Chul-Yong Song, Tong-Soo Kim
Korean J Parasitol 2005;43(1):19-25.
Published online March 20, 2005
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2005.43.1.19

Protective efficacy of vaccination with Neospora caninum multiple recombinant antigens against N. caninum infection was evaluated in vitro and in vivo. Two major immunodominant surface antigens (NcSAG1 and NcSRS2) and two dense granule proteins (NcDG1 and NcDG2) of N. caninum tachyzoites were expressed in E. coli, respectively. An in vitro neutralization assay using polyclonal antisera raised against each recombinant antigen showed inhibitory effects on the invasion of N. caninum tachyzoites into host cells. Separate groups of gerbils were immunized with the purified recombinant proteins singly or in combinations and animals were then challenged with N.caninum. Following these experimental challenges, the protective efficacy of each vaccination was determined by assessing animal survival rate. All experimental groups showed protective effects of different degrees against experimental infection. The highest protection efficacy was observed for combined vaccination with NcSRS2 and NcDG1. Our results indicate that combined vaccination with the N. caninum recombinant antigens, NcSRS2 and NcDG1, induces the highest protective effect against N. caninum infection in vitro and in vivo.

Citations

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Expression of major piroplasm protein (p33) of Theileria sergenti (Korean isolate) and its immunogenicity in guinea pigs
Seung-Won Kang, Chang-Hee Kweon, Eun-Jin Choi, Yong-Dhuk Yoon
Korean J Parasitol 1999;37(4):277-283.
Published online December 31, 1999
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.1999.37.4.277

To investigate the development of a subunit vaccine against theileriosis in cattle, the DNA fragments encoding piroplasm surface protein (p33) of Theileria sergenti of a Korean isolate were expressed in baculoviruses. The expressed p33 was characterized by indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA) and western blotting analysis. The expression of p33 was mainly detected on the surface of infected Sf21 cells by IFA. The immunoblotting analysis revealed the presence of a same molecular weight protein band of p33. The antigenicity of expressed polypeptide was further examined through the inoculation of a guinea pig. The sera of guinea pigs immunized with p33 expressed cell lysate showed similar fluorescent antibody patterns and reacted with the same molecular weight protein of T. sergenti in immunoblotting analysis, thus indicating that this protein can be a promising candidate for a subunit vaccine in the future.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  Crossref logo
  • Adjuvant effect of bovine heat shock protein 70 on piroplasm surface protein, p33, of Theileria sergenti
    Wooseog Jeong, Chang Hee Kweon, Seung Won Kang, Hyang Sim Lee, Yingtian Xu, Cheng Lu, Shoufa Zhang, Vishvanath Nene
    Biologicals.2009; 37(5): 282.     CrossRef
  • SEROLOGICAL INVESTIGATION OF THEILERIA SERGENTI USING LATEX AGGLUTINATION TEST IN SOUTH KOREA
    Wooseog Jeong, Chang Hee Kweon, Jong Man Kim, Hwan Jang, Sang Gi Paik
    Journal of Parasitology.2005; 91(1): 164.     CrossRef
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