Parasites, Hosts and Diseases

"infection"

Original Articles

Preventive interventions and diagnostic testing compliance in the management of tropical infections among patients with sickle cell disease in Tanzania: Felician Paschal Mgasa, Singeun Oh, Avelina Mgasa, Sunjoo Kang, Erasto Mbugi, Ju Yeong Kim; Parasites Hosts Dis 2025;63(2):147-156.
Published online May 26, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/PHD.25018

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Sickle cell disease (SCD), a genetic hemoglobin disorder, is a major public health challenge in sub-Saharan Africa, particularly in Tanzania, due to its association with high morbidity and mortality from infections. The disease is the leading cause of complications, emphasizing the urgent need for effective preventive strategies and diagnostic protocols. We evaluated the implementation and effectiveness of infection prevention measures and laboratory diagnostic compliance at Nyamagana District Hospital, emphasizing their effects on patient outcomes and survival rates. This retrospective observational study analyzed the medical records of 157 patients with SCD admitted to Nyamagana District Hospital for infection treatment between January 2022 and 2024. The infection profiles, utilization of preventive interventions (recommended drugs, vaccinations, and chemoprophylaxis), and diagnostic laboratory compliance were assessed. Of the 157 participants, 90.4% had at least one infection during their hospital stay, suggesting the vulnerability of this population to infections. Furthermore, malaria emerged as the most prevalent type of infection (40.1%), which is consistent with its endemic status in Tanzania. Other significant infections included unspecified diarrhea (12.5%) and upper respiratory tract infections (10.8%). Despite the high coverage rates of penicillin V prophylaxis (72%) and pneumococcal vaccination (100%), the utilization of malaria chemoprophylaxis and hydroxyurea was low (only 10.8% and 16.6%, respectively). The diagnostic laboratory test compliance, essential for accurate infection management, was moderate at 63.1%, with significant deficiencies in the blood, urine, and stool cultures and antibiotic susceptibility testing. The administration of hydroxyurea significantly reduced malaria prevalence (P=0.005), fewer vaso-occlusive crises (P<0.001), and severe anemia incidence (P=0.034). Thus, enhancing access to preventive measures and improving diagnostic laboratory compliance are crucial steps for reducing infection-related complications among patients with SCD in Nyamagana.

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Evaluation of the diagnostic reliability of the gill-based Ray’s fluid thioglycollate medium assay for Perkinsus olseni infections in Manila clams (Ruditapes philippinarum) across Korean tidal flats: Young-Ghan Cho, Kajino Nobuhisa, Hee Jung Choi, Mun-Gyeong Kwon, Hyun-Sung Yang, Kwang-Sik Choi; Parasites Hosts Dis 2025;63(2):157-167.
Published online May 26, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/PHD.25014

The alveolate protozoan parasite Perkinsus olseni infects a range of marine bivalves inhabiting tidal flats and shallow subtidal zones, causing considerable damage to shellfish industries. Infection by P. olseni is typically assessed using Ray’s fluid thioglycollate medium (RFTM) assay, with gill tissue often employed as a diagnostic proxy for whole-body infection. However, the diagnostic reliability of gill-based assays across diverse ecological settings—particularly under low-infection conditions—remains uncertain. In this study, we investigated tissue-specific distribution and the diagnostic performance of the RFTM assay in detecting P. olseni in Manila clams (Ruditapes philippinarum) collected from 6 tidal flats along Korea’s west and south coast. The assay was applied to 6 different tissues, including gills and visceral mass. Infection prevalence reached 100% at most sites, except at Padori (90%). Whole-body infection intensity ranged from 0.1×10⁴ to 3.7×10⁶ cells per gram of tissue. The visceral mass consistently harbored the largest proportion of parasites (27.8%–49.0%), followed by the mantle (17.4%–30.6%) and gills (19.4%–25.2%). Gill infection levels correlated strongly with whole-body infection intensity (r²=0.6–0.95), supporting their diagnostic value in high-infection areas. However, at Padori—where infection levels were lowest—the efficacy of the gill assay dropped to 56%, resulting in a 44% false negative rate. These results underscore the limitations of relying solely on gill tissue in low-infection environments and highlight the need for a context-dependent diagnostic approach. A dual-tissue strategy incorporating both gill and whole-body samples is recommended to improve diagnostic accuracy in P. olseni surveillance of Manila clam populations.

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First report of mass mortality event caused by Eomarteilia granula in Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum reared in subtidal and bottom cages on the south coast of Korea
Hye-Mi Lee, Hyun-Sil Kang, Nobuhisa Kajino, Hyun-Ki Hong, Young-Ghan Cho, Kwang-Sik Choi
Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science.2025; 323: 109408. CrossRef

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Brief Communication

Genetic polymorphism of merozoite surface protein 1 and antifolate-resistant genes in Plasmodium falciparum from Mali and Niger: Mahaman Moustapha Lamine, Rabia Maman, Abdoul Aziz Maiga, Ibrahim Maman Laminou; Parasites Hosts Dis 2023;61(4):455-462.
Published online November 28, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/PHD.23049

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Since 2015, countries in the Sahel region have implemented large-scale seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC). However, the mass use of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) plus amodiaquine impacts the genetic diversity of malaria parasites and their sensitivity to antimalarials. This study aimed to describe and compare the genetic diversity and SP resistance of Plasmodium falciparum strains in Mali and Niger. We collected 400 blood samples in Mali and Niger from children aged 3–59 months suspected of malaria. Of them, 201 tested positive (Niger, 111, 55.2%; Mali, 90, 44.8%). Polymorphism of merozoite surface protein 1 (msp1) genetic marker showed 201 allotypes. The frequency of the RO33 allotype was significantly higher in Niger (63.6%) than in Mali (39.3%). There was no significant difference in the frequency of the K1 and MAD20 allotypes between the 2 countries. The multiplicity of infection was 2 allotypes per patient in Mali and one allotype per patient in Niger. The prevalence of strains with the triple mutants Pfdhfr51I/Pfdhfr59R/Pfdhps436A/F/H and Pfdhfr51I/Pfdhfr59R/Pfdhps437G was 18.1% and 30.2%, respectively, and 7.7% carried the quadruple mutant Pfdhfr51I/Pfdhfr59R/Pfdhps436A/F/H/Pfdhps437G. Despite the significant genetic diversity of parasite populations, the level of SP resistance was comparable between Mali and Niger. The frequency of mutations conferring resistance to SP still allows its effective use in intermittent preventive treatment in pregnant women and in SMC.

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Preventive interventions and diagnostic testing compliance in the management of tropical infections among patients with sickle cell disease in Tanzania
Felician Paschal Mgasa, Singeun Oh, Avelina Mgasa, Sunjoo Kang, Erasto Mbugi, Ju Yeong Kim
Parasites, Hosts and Diseases.2025; 63(2): 147. CrossRef
Micro-geographic variation in antigenic diversity of PfEBA-175 region II in asymptomatic Plasmodium falciparum infections in Tanzania
Jadidan Hada Syahada, Wang-Jong Lee, Hojong Jun, Johnsy Mary Louis, Fadhila Fitriana, Fauzi Muh, Feng Lu, Md Atique Ahmed, Sunghun Na, Wanjoo Chun, Won Sun Park, Bo-Young Jeon, Eun-Teak Han, Jim Todd, Alphaxard Manjurano, Winifrida Kidima, Ernest Mazigo,
Frontiers in Immunology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef

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Case Report

A Case of Ocular Sparganosis in China: Episode of Migration from Muscle Cone to Subconjunctiva: Xinyuan Chen, Yanyuan Fang, Liming Tao, Miao Liu, Kun Liang; Korean J Parasitol 2022;60(6):419-421.
Published online December 22, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2022.60.6.419

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To improve our understanding of the migration of sparganum in humans, we report a case of ocular sparganosis having the migratory episode from the muscle cone to the subconjunctiva. A 34-year-old woman was admitted to the Hospital of Anhui Medical University (Hefei, China), in December 2019. She presented with conjunctival hemorrhage and recurrent pain in the left eye. A foreign body was found in the muscle cone of the eye. Two months later, a ribbon-like white material was found under the conjunctiva on slit-lamp examination. A long and slender, actively moving parasite was extracted by surgery. The extracted worm was approximately 8 cm long and 2 mm wide. The worm was whitish, wrinkled, ribbon shaped, and had a slightly enlarged scolex. The worm sample was morphologically identified as a plerocercoid larva (sparganum) of the Spirometra tapeworm. Her conjunctival blood suffusion and eye pain ceased within 1 week after operation. She has been in good health without any symptoms during the 2-year follow-up. A case of ocular sparganosis, in which larval worm migrated from the muscle cone to the subconjunctiva is reported from China.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Ocular infections in international travelers
Francesca F. Norman, Julio J. González-López, Diego Gayoso-Cantero, Marta Vicente-Antolin, Maria-Dolores Corbacho-Loarte, Rogelio López-Vélez, Marta González-Sanz
Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease.2025; 63: 102789. CrossRef
Hand palm sparganosis: morphologically and genetically confirmed Spirometra erinaceieuropaei in a fourteen-year-old girl, Egypt
Hussein M. Omar, Magdy Fahmy, Mai Abuowarda
Journal of Parasitic Diseases.2023; 47(4): 859. CrossRef
Ocular sparganosis: comment
Amnuay Kleebayoon, Viroj Wiwanitkit
Parasites, Hosts and Diseases.2023; 61(1): 94. CrossRef

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Original Article

Status of Helminthic Infections in Residents around River Basins in the Republic of Korea for 10 Years (2011-2020): Myoung-Ro Lee, Hee-Eun Shin, Seon-Ok Back, Young-Ju Lee, Hee-Il Lee, Jung-Won Ju; Korean J Parasitol 2022;60(3):187-193.
Published online June 30, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2022.60.3.187

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The positive rate of Clonorchis sinensis is the highest among intestinal parasites in the Republic of Korea (Korea). More than 1.2 million people were at risk of C. sinensis infection in Korea in 2012. An intensive control program is being implemented for residents of the 5 major river basins to reduce helminthic infections, including C. sinensis infection. This study evaluated the continuous intensive control program for parasitic diseases including clonorchiasis in areas near the 5 major river basins in Korea over the past 10 years (2011-2020). A total of 335,020 fecal samples (one sample per resident) prepared by the modified sedimentation technic were microscopically examined. Those who expelled helminth eggs were treated with anthelmintics through local health centers and re-examined 3 months later. The overall positive rate of helminths egg was 7.1%. The annual positive rates were dramatically decreased from 14.4% (2011) to 5.9% (2020). The egg positive rate was highest in C. sinensis (5.3%), followed by heterophyid flukes (1.5%) and Trichuris trichiura (0.2%). The prevalence of C. sinensis was significantly higher in males (7.6%) than in females (3.7%), and the highest in the 50–59 years (7.0%) age group. Our results are beneficial to establish prevention and control policies against helminthiases including clonorchiasis in endemic areas in this country.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Clonorchis sinensis and Cholangiocarcinoma
Eun-Min Kim, Sung-Tae Hong
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Multiparasitism in Spain in a Korean Visiting Friends and Relatives: Case Report and Review of Imported Cases of Clonorchis sinensis in Europe
Paola Cociancic, Jacklyn Comas, J. Guillermo Esteban
Clinical Case Reports.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Assessing trends in clonorchiasis incidence via prescription data analysis in South Korea
Taeksang Lee, Jun Hyun Lee, Hanna Jin, Yun Kyung Lee, Hyun Beom Song
BMC Public Health.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
2023년 국내 장내기생충 감염 조사
명노 이, 정원 주, 선옥 백, 영주 이, 은솔 이, 희일 이
Public Health Weekly Report.2024; 17(28): 1227. CrossRef
Efficacy assessment of miltefosine and curcumin against Clonorchis sinensis infection
Soon-Ok Lee, Ki Back Chu, Keon-Woong Yoon, Gi-Deok Eom, Jie Mao, Hyeryon Lee, Joo Hwan No, Jin Ho Song, Sung-Jong Hong, Sung Soo Kim, Fu-Shi Quan, Audrey Odom John
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
A novel kit for enrichment of fecal helminth eggs
Eunsol Lee, Seon-Ok Back, Young-Ju Lee, Jung-Won Ju, Hee-Il Lee, Myoung-Ro Lee
Parasites, Hosts and Diseases.2024; 62(3): 323. CrossRef
Age, period, and cohort effects of Clonorchis sinensis infection prevalence in the Republic of Korea: Insights and projections
Sung-mok Jung, Heewon Kang, Bong-Kwang Jung, Sejin Ju, Jung-Won Ju, Myoung-Ro Lee, Jong-hun Kim, Sung Hye Kim, Ran Wang
PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases.2024; 18(10): e0012574. CrossRef
Risk factors for Clonorchis sinensis infections and control measures reinforced with focused interviews
Soon-Ok Lee, Fuhong Dai, Eun Joo Park, Yun Pyo Hong, Fu-Shi Quan, Jin-Ho Song, Sung-Jong Hong
Parasitology Research.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
2022년 유행지역 주민의 장내기생충 감염 조사
명노 이, 정원 주, 선옥 백, 영주 이, 희일 이
Public Health Weekly Report.2023; 16(32): 1131. CrossRef
2022년 국내 자연산 민물고기 간흡충 감염도 조사
명노 이, 정원 주, 선옥 백, 영주 이, 희일 이
Public Health Weekly Report.2023; 16(43): 1455. CrossRef
Relationship between Clonorchis sinensis Infection and Cholangiocarcinoma in Korea
Hwa Sun Kim, Ho-Woo Nam, Hye-Jin Ahn, Dongjae Kim, Yeong Hoon Kim
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2022; 60(4): 261. CrossRef

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Mini Review

Infection Characteristics of Clonorchis sinensis Metacercariae in Fish from Republic of Korea: Woon-Mok Sohn; Korean J Parasitol 2022;60(2):79-96.
Published online April 20, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2022.60.2.79

The infection nature of Clonorchis sinensis metacercariae (CsMc) in freshwater fish hosts is closely related to the transmission of human clonorchiasis. This article reviewed the infection characteristics of CsMc in freshwater fish in the Republic of Korea (Korea). The status of CsMc infection was examined in a total of 17,792 cyprinid fish of 49 species in 9 water systems, which included Hantan-/Imjin-gang, Han-gang, Geum-gang, Mangyeong-gang, Yeongsan-gang, Tamjin-gang, Seomjin-gang, Nakdong-gang, and streams in the east coastal areas from 2010 to 2020. The infection status of CsMc was examined according to cyprinid fish species and water systems, after which analyzed by endemicity and susceptibility index. The high endemicity was shown in the cyprinid fish from 3 regions (6.1%) in the upper reaches of Nakdong-gang, such as Banbyeon-cheon (stream), Yongjeon-cheon, and Wi-cheon. The moderate levels were observed in fishes from 8 regions (16.3%), and low endemicity was shown in fishes from 20 regions (40.8%). No CsMc were detected in fish from 18 regions (36.7%). The susceptibility of CsMc in index fish, Puntungia herzi, was found to be a reliable index without examination of other fish species. CsMc infection rates were closely related to subfamily groups in the cyprinid fish hosts in a highly endemic area. In Korea, a total of 58 fish species in 10 families has been listed as the second intermediate hosts for C. sinensis. This review provides several novel features of CsMc infection and clarifies the species of second intermediate freshwater fish host in Korea.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Clonorchis sinensis and Cholangiocarcinoma
Eun-Min Kim, Sung-Tae Hong
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Multiparasitism in Spain in a Korean Visiting Friends and Relatives: Case Report and Review of Imported Cases of Clonorchis sinensis in Europe
Paola Cociancic, Jacklyn Comas, J. Guillermo Esteban
Clinical Case Reports.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Clonorchiasis and opisthorchiasis: epidemiology, transmission, clinical features, morbidity, diagnosis, treatment, and control
Men-Bao Qian, Jennifer Keiser, Jürg Utzinger, Xiao-Nong Zhou, Graeme N. Forrest
Clinical Microbiology Reviews.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Infection characteristics of Metagonimus species (Digenea: Heterophyidae) metacercariae in fish from major rivers of Korea
Woon-Mok Sohn
Parasites, Hosts and Diseases.2024; 62(1): 1. CrossRef
Current status of Clonorchis sinensis and clonorchiasis in Korea: epidemiological perspectives integrating the data from human and intermediate hosts
Won Gi Yoo, Woon-Mok Sohn, Byoung-Kuk Na
Parasitology.2022; 149(10): 1296. CrossRef

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Brief Communication

Occurrence and Molecular Identification of Microcotyle sebastis Isolated from Fish Farms of the Korean Rockfish, Sebastes schlegelii: Jun-Young Song, Keun-Yong Kim, Seo-Woo Choi; Korean J Parasitol 2021;59(1):89-95.
Published online February 19, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2021.59.1.89

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Microcotyle sebastis is a gill monogenean ectoparasite that causes serious problems in the mariculture of the Korean rockfish, Sebastes schlegelii. In this study, we isolated the parasite from fish farms along the coasts of Tongyeong, South Korea in 2016, and characterized its infection, morphology and molecular phylogeny. The prevalence of M. sebastis infection during the study period ranged from 46.7% to 96.7%, and the mean intensity was 2.3 to 31.4 ind./fish, indicating that the fish was constantly exposed to parasitic infections throughout the year. Morphological observations under light and scanning electron microscopes of the M. sebastis isolates in this study showed the typical characteristics of the anterior prohaptor and posterior opisthaptor of monogenean parasites. In phylogenetic trees reconstructed using the nuclear 28S ribosomal RNA gene and the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I gene (cox1), they consistently clustered together with their congeneric species, and showed the closest phylogenetic relationships to M. caudata and M. kasago in the cox1 tree.

Citations

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Redescription of Microcotyle elegans (Polyopisthocotyla: Microcotylidae) from Scombrops boops (Perciformes: Scombropidae) off Japanese Waters
Yusuke Kamio, Masato Nitta
Species Diversity.2025; 30(2): 111. CrossRef
Microscopic findings of host–parasite interaction between the Korean rockfish, Sebastes schlegelii, and the monogenean ectoparasite, Microcotyle sebastis
Sang Phil Shin, Seokryel Kim
Parasites, Hosts and Diseases.2024; 62(4): 490. CrossRef
The genus Microcotyle in Mediterranean scorpaenoids (Teleostei), including the description of Microcotyle merche n. sp. from Helicolenus dactylopterus (Delaroche, 1809)
M. Víllora-Montero, A. Pérez-del-Olmo, M. Valmaseda-Angulo, J.A. Raga, F.E. Montero
Journal of Helminthology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Correlation of endemicity between monogenean trematode, Microcotyle sebastis, and parasitic copepods in Korean rockfish, Sebastes schlegelii, from a fish farm in Tongyeong-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea
Won-Sik Woo, Gyoungsik Kang, Kyung-Ho Kim, Ha-Jeong Son, Min-Young Sohn, Chan-Il Park
Parasites, Hosts and Diseases.2023; 61(3): 332. CrossRef
Assessment of Salinomycin’s Potential to Treat Microcotyle sebastis in Korean Rockfish (Sebastes schlegelii)
Won-Sik Woo, Sang Hee Shim, Gyoungsik Kang, Kyung-Ho Kim, Ha-Jeong Son, Min-Young Sohn, Seungjin Lee, Jaekyeong Kim, Jung-Soo Seo, Mun-Gyeong Kwon, Do-Hyung Kim, Chan-Il Park
Animals.2023; 13(20): 3233. CrossRef
Description of a New Species, Microcotyle pacinkar n. sp. (Monogenea: Microcotylidae), Parasitic on Gills of Sebastes taczanowskii (Sebastidae) from off Usujiri, Hokkaido, Northern Japan
Yusuke Kamio, Masato Nitta
Species Diversity.2023; 28(2): 263. CrossRef
Kannaphallus leptosomus n. sp. (Monogenea: Heteraxinidae: Cemocotylinae) parasitizing Scyris indica (Carangiformes: Carangidae) from Malaysia
Masato Nitta, Yusuke Kondo, Susumu Ohtsuka, Ahmad Syazni Kamarudin, Norshida Ismail
Systematic Parasitology.2022; 99(5): 587. CrossRef

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Original Articles

Reduction of Reinfection Rates with Opisthorchis viverrini through a Three-Year Management Program in Endemic Areas of Northeastern Thailand: Suksanti Prakobwong, Kulwadee Suwannatrai; Korean J Parasitol 2020;58(5):527-535.
Published online October 22, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2020.58.5.527

Abstract
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To clarify the reinfection profile associated with risk factors of opisthorchiasis, we conducted an epidemiological study on the chemotherapeutic effects on reinfection with O. viverrini in the endemic areas of Northeastern Thailand for 3 years. A total of 3,674 fecal samples were collected from participants in villages of 5 provinces. They were examined microscopically using a modified technique of formalin ethyl-acetate concentration. Egg-positive residents were reexamined year (2018) by year (2019) after treatment with a single dose (40 mg/kg) of praziquantel. Health education was provided to the participants yearly. The egg-positive rate of O. viverrini was 14.3%, and was highest (22.2%) in the 20-30 year-old group in 2017. The egg positive rate was 15.3% in dogs and 11.4% cats. Human reinfection rate was 15.5% and 6.3% in next 2 years, and was highest (23.2%) among the fishermen. Relative risk factors of reinfection were significantly higher for males, over 40-year-old age, or working as fishermen or farmers, and eating uncooked fish within the preceding year. A significant difference resulting from a health education program was observed in the third year. Therefore, health education and sustainable surveillance for opisthorchiasis should be maintained to decrease the risk of reinfection.

Citations

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Leveraging machine learning for predicting Opisthorchis viverrini infection in cats: A tool for veterinary epidemiology
Petcharat Chompo, Veerasak Punyapornwithaya, Banchob Sripa, Sirikachorn Tangkawattana
Parasitology International.2026; 110: 103140. CrossRef
One Health integrated strategies for sustainable control of Opisthorchis viverrini infections in rural endemic areas of Thailand
Suksanti Prakobwong, Lakhanawan Charoensuk, Suwit Chaipibool, Kacha Chedtabud, Umawadee Laothong, Apiporn T. Suwannatrai, David Blair, Somchai Pinlaor
Infectious Diseases of Poverty.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Unpacking the black box: I. Knowledge production and public health narratives on liver fluke infection and cholangiocarcinoma in Northeast Thailand
Yee Ting Lee, Alan D. Ziegler
South East Asia Research.2025; 33(2): 133. CrossRef
Distribution of Opisthorchis viverrini metacercariae and cyprinoid fish abundance in Nong Han Wetland, Thailand
Wiwat Kaensa, Lakhanawan Charoensuk, Chadon Nakmai, Somchai Pinlaor, Apiporn T. Suwannatrai, Umawadee Laothong, Suksanti Prakobwong
Parasite Epidemiology and Control.2025; 30: e00447. CrossRef
Clonorchiasis and opisthorchiasis: epidemiology, transmission, clinical features, morbidity, diagnosis, treatment, and control
Men-Bao Qian, Jennifer Keiser, Jürg Utzinger, Xiao-Nong Zhou, Graeme N. Forrest
Clinical Microbiology Reviews.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Integrated One-Health approach for prevention and control of Opisthorchis viverrini infection in rural Thailand: a 3-year study
Lakhanawan Charoensuk, Kacha Chedtabud, Suwit Chaipibool, Umawadee Laothong, Apiporn Suwannatrai, Somchai Pinlaor, Suksanti Prakobwong
Parasitology Research.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Evolution in the Dinarids: Phylogeography, Diversity and Evolutionary History of the Endemic Genus Delminichthys (Actinopteri; Leuciscidae)
Ivana Buj, Zoran Marčić, Marko Ćaleta, Radek Šanda, Sven Rosandić
Ecology and Diversity.2024; 1(1): 10002. CrossRef
Enhanced detection of Opisthorchis viverrini infection: A comparative evaluation of modified one-step FECT and conventional diagnostic methods in low-intensity setting
Suksanti Prakobwong, Lakhanawan Charoensuk, Kacha Chedtabud, Somchai Pinlaor, Srisupaph Poonlaphdecha, Alexis Ribas
Parasite Epidemiology and Control.2024; 27: e00391. CrossRef
Influence of misconceptions and inappropriate eating behaviors on Opisthorchis viverrini infection among at-risk populations undergoing cholangiocarcinoma screening in Northeastern Thailand
Jenwit Sornpom, Apiporn T. Suwannatrai, Kulwadee Suwannatrai, Matthew Kelly, Kavin Thinkhamrop
Parasitology Research.2023; 122(12): 3131. CrossRef
Fluke-Related Cholangiocarcinoma: Challenges and Opportunities
J. Luis Espinoza
Pathogens.2023; 12(12): 1429. CrossRef
Fish and Food-Fatale: Food-borne Trematode Opisthorchis viverrini and Cholangiocarcinoma
S. Tan, M. Machrumnizar
Helminthologia.2023; 60(4): 287. CrossRef
Infection rate of Opisthorchis viverrini metacercariae in cyprinoid fish from the markets and its association to human opisthorchiasis in the local community in the Northeast Thailand
Lakhanawan Charoensuk, Alexis Ribas, Kacha Chedtabud, Suksanti Prakobwong
Acta Tropica.2022; 225: 106216. CrossRef
Performance of Mini Parasep® SF stool concentrator kit, Kato-Katz, and formalin-ethyl acetate concentration methods for diagnosis of opisthorchiasis in Northeast Thailand
Kulthida Y. Kopolrat, Seri Singthong, Narong Khuntikeo, Watcharin Loilome, Chanika Worasith, Chutima Homwong, Chompunoot Wangboon, Patiwat Yasaka, Chatanun Eamudomkarn, Opal Pitaksakulrat, Krisnakorn Tonkhamhak, Arunee Paeyo, Thomas Crellen, Jiraporn Sith
Parasites & Vectors.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Public health interventions for preventing re‐infection of Opisthorchis viverrini: application of the self‐efficacy theory and group process in high‐prevalent areas of Thailand
Nopparat Songserm, Worawut Namwong, Somkiattiyos Woradet, Banchob Sripa, Akhtar Ali
Tropical Medicine & International Health.2021; 26(8): 962. CrossRef
OPISTORCHIASIS IN SOUTH-WEST ASIA: HISTORY, GEOGRAPHY, EPIDEMIOLOGY, AND SOCIOLOGY. TOURISM AND POPULATION MOVEMENT INCREASE THE RISK OF THAI LIVER FLUKE SPREADING IN RUSSIA
Baykova O.A., Nikolaeva N.N., Grishchenko E.G., Nikolaeva L.V.
"Medical & pharmaceutical journal "Pulse".2021; : 143. CrossRef

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Comparison of the Change in the Prevalence and Intensity of Schistosoma haematobium Infection Between High and Low Prevalence Areas of White Nile State, Sudan: Seungman Cha, Sung-Tae Hong, Jin-Su Lee, Hoo Gn Jeong, In-Sun Kwon, Abd Al Wahab Saed, Mousab Siddig Elhag, Hassan Ahmed Hassan Ahmed Ismail, Mutamad Amin, Young-Ha Lee; Korean J Parasitol 2020;58(4):421-430.
Published online August 25, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2020.58.4.421

Abstract
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This study aimed to investigate whether mass drug administration (MDA) intervention has an equivalent effect on reducing the prevalence and intensity of Schistosoma haematobium infection regardless of the baseline values. A repeated cross-sectional survey was performed targeting students of 12 primary schools in Al Jabalain and El Salam districts of White Nile State, Sudan, at both 1 week before and 8 months after the MDA. Prior to the baseline survey, school-aged children in Al Jabalain had received MDA interventions twice in 4 years, while those in El Salam had not. The baseline prevalence was 9.1% in Al Jabalain and 35.2% in El Salam, which were reduced to 1.8% and 5.5% at 8 months after the MDA, respectively. The corresponding reduction rates were 80.3% and 84.4%, not significant difference between both districts. However, changes in the geometric mean intensity (GMI) of egg counts were significantly different between both districts. The baseline GMIs were 14.5 eggs per 10 ml of urine (EP10) in Al Jabalain and 18.5 EP10 in El Salam, which were reduced to 7.1 and 11.2 EP10 after treatment, respectively. The corresponding reduction rates were 51.0% and 39.5%. In conclusion, MDA interventions were found to bring about similar relative reduction in prevalence regardless of the baseline value; however, the relative reduction in infection intensity was more salient in the district with a low baseline value for both prevalence and intensity. This clearly points to the importance of repeated MDA interventions in endemic areas, which will eventually contribute to schistosomiasis elimination.

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Prevalence and Risk Factors of Schistosomiasis in Sudan: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Yousef Alsaafin, Ayman Omer, Osama Felemban, Sarra Modawi, Maydolin Ibrahim, Abdullah Mohammed, Ammar Elfaki, Ahmed Abushara, Maryam A SalahEldin
Cureus.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Programmatic Implications for Schistosomiasis Elimination Based on Community-Based Survey in the Blue Nile, North Kordofan, and Sennar States, Sudan
Hassan Ahmed Hassan Ahmed Ismail, Seungman Cha, Yan Jin, Sung-Tae Hong
Life.2023; 13(4): 1049. CrossRef
Implications for selecting persistent hot spots of schistosomiasis from community- and school-based surveys in Blue Nile, North Kordofan, and Sennar States, Sudan
Hassan Ahmed Hassan Ahmed Ismail, Seungman Cha, Yan Jin, Sung-Tae Hong
Parasites, Hosts and Diseases.2023; 61(2): 216. CrossRef
Review of Recent Prevalence of Urogenital Schistosomiasis in Sub-Saharan Africa and Diagnostic Challenges in the Field Setting
Sung-Tae Hong
Life.2023; 13(8): 1670. CrossRef
Investigation of Intestinal and Blood Parasites in People Returning to Turkey with a History of Traveling Abroad During the Pandemic
Abdurrahman Ekici, Esra Gürbüz, Ahmet Hakan Ünlü, Rahmi Yıldız, Selahattin Aydemir, Ahmed Galip Halidi, Nuriz Ödemiş, Sinan Karakuş, Şehriban Yürektürk, Mutalip Çiçek, Hasan Yılmaz
Turkish Journal of Parasitology.2022; 46(2): 108. CrossRef
Transmission Dynamics of Schistosoma haematobium among School-Aged Children: A Cohort Study on Prevalence, Reinfection and Incidence after Mass Drug Administration in the White Nile State of Sudan
Yan Jin, Young-Ha Lee, Seungman Cha, In-Uk Choi, Hassan Ahmed Hassan Ahmed Ismail, Mousab Siddig Elhag, Sung-Tae Hong
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2021; 18(21): 11537. CrossRef
Urinary schistosomiasis and the associated bladder cancer: update
Mohamed S. Zaghloul, Tarek M. Zaghloul, Mai K. Bishr, Brian C. Baumann
Journal of the Egyptian National Cancer Institute.2020;[Epub] CrossRef

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Brief Communication

Pinworm Infection at Salmon Ruins and Aztec Ruins: Relation to Pueblo III Regional Violence: Karl J Reinhard, Morgana Camacho; Korean J Parasitol 2019;57(6):627-633.
Published online December 31, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2019.57.6.627

Abstract
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The study of coprolites has been a theme of archaeology in the American Southwest. A feature of archaeoparasitology on the Colorado Plateau is the ubiquity of pinworm infection. As a crowd parasite, this ubiquity signals varying concentrations of populations. Our recent analysis of coprolite deposits from 2 sites revealed the highest prevalence of infection ever recorded for the region. For Salmon Ruins, the deposits date from AD 1140 to 1280. For Aztec Ruins, the samples can be dated by artifact association between AD 1182-1253. Both sites can be placed in the Ancestral Pueblo III occupation (AD 1100-1300), which included a period of cultural stress associated with warfare. Although neither of these sites show evidence of warfare, they are typical of large, defensible towns that survived this time of threat by virtue of large populations in stonewalled villages with easily accessible water. We hypothesize that the concentration of large numbers of people promoted pinworm infection and, therefore, explains the phenomenal levels of infection at these sites.

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Is pinworm infection still a public health concern among children in resource-rich regions? Trends in pinworm infection prevalence and associated factors among children in Hualien County, Taiwan: a retrospective cross-sectional study
Yu-Chao Hsiao, Jen-Hung Wang, Chia-Hsiang Chu, Yu-Hsun Chang, Yung-Chieh Chang, Rong-Hwa Jan, Shao-Yin Chu, Shang-Hsien Yang, Jui-Shia Chen, Ming-Chun Chen
BMC Public Health.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Paleomicrobiology of the human digestive tract: A review
Riccardo Nodari, Michel Drancourt, Rémi Barbieri
Microbial Pathogenesis.2021; 157: 104972. CrossRef

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Case Report

The First Acanthamoeba keratitis Case of Non-Contact Lens Wearer with HIV Infection in Thailand: Napaporn Tananuvat, Natnaree Techajongjintana, Pradya Somboon, Anchalee Wannasan; Korean J Parasitol 2019;57(5):505-511.
Published online October 31, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2019.57.5.505

Abstract
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Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK) is a rare sight-threatening corneal infection, often reporting from contact lens wearers. An asymptomatic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected Thai male without history of contact lens use complained foreign body sensation at his left eye during motorbike riding. He had neither specific keratitis symptoms nor common drugs responding, which contributed to delayed diagnosis. By corneal re-scraping, Acanthamoeba-like cysts were detected by calcofluor white staining and agar culture. The etiological agent obtained from the culture was molecularly confirmed by Acanthamoeba spp.-specific PCR, followed by DNA sequencing. The results from BLAST and phylogenetic analysis based on the DNA sequences, revealed that the pathogen was Acanthamoeba T4, the major genotype most frequently reported from clinical isolates. The infection was successfully treated with polyhexamethylene biguanide resulting in corneal scar. This appears the first reported AK case from a non-contact lens wearer with HIV infection in Thailand. Although AK is sporadic in developing countries, a role of free-living Acanthamoeba as an opportunistic pathogen should not be neglected. The report would increase awareness of AK, especially in the case presenting unspecific keratitis symptoms without clinical response to empirical antimicrobial therapy.

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Nairita Choudhuri, Bhaskar Narayan Chaudhuri, Partha Guchhait, Arup Kumar Dawn, Satadal Das
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Matthew Azzopardi, Yu Jeat Chong, Benjamin Ng, Alberto Recchioni, Abison Logeswaran, Darren S. J. Ting
Diagnostics.2023; 13(16): 2655. CrossRef
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Omar Shareef, Sana Shareef, Hajirah N. Saeed
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Isolation and identification of potentially pathogenic free-living amoeba in drinking, surface, and stagnant water sources from Alborz Province, Iran
Ehsan Javanmard, Maryam Niyyati, Ali Taghipour, Marziye Fatemi, Hamed Mirjalali, Panagiotis Karanis
Journal of Water and Health.2022; 20(4): 620. CrossRef
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Detection of Acanthamoeba from Acanthamoeba Keratitis Mouse Model Using Acanthamoeba-Specific Antibodies
Min-Jeong Kim, A-Jeong Ham, A-Young Park, Hae-Jin Sohn, Ho-Joon Shin, Fu-Shi Quan, Hyun-Hee Kong, Eun-Kyung Moon
Microorganisms.2022; 10(9): 1711. CrossRef
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Establishment of an Acanthamoeba keratitis mouse model confirmed by amoebic DNA amplification
Heekyoung Kang, Hae-Jin Sohn, A-Young Park, A-Jeong Ham, Jeong-Heon Lee, Young-Hwan Oh, Yong-Joon Chwae, Kyongmin Kim, Sun Park, Hongseok Yang, Suk-Yul Jung, Jong-Hyun Kim, Ho-Joon Shin
Scientific Reports.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
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Maria Luisa Nunes Diehl, Júlia Paes, Marilise Brittes Rott
Parasitology Research.2021; 120(9): 3051. CrossRef
Explicating the presentations of Acanthamoeba keratitis with special concern in the COVID-19 pandemic ambient
Chukwuma Sr Chrysanthus
International Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Biochemical Technology.2021; 4(1): 010. CrossRef
Effectiveness and Safety of Topical Chlorhexidine and Vitamin E TPGS in the Treatment of Acanthamoeba Keratitis: A Survey on 29 Cases
Ciro Caruso, Daniela Eletto, Michele Rinaldi, Luigi Pacente, Salvatore Troisi, Francesco Semeraro, Roberto dell’Omo, Ciro Costagliola
Journal of Clinical Medicine.2020; 9(11): 3775. CrossRef

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Original Articles

Malaria Prevalence in a Low Transmission Area, Jazan District of Southwestern Saudi Arabia: Yousry Hawash, Khadiga Ismail, Khalaf Alsharif, Walaa Alsanie; Korean J Parasitol 2019;57(3):233-242.
Published online June 30, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2019.57.3.233

Abstract
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Detailed description of malaria in low transmission areas is crucial for elimination. The current study aimed to provide a comprehensive description for malaria transmission in Jazan, a low transmission district, southwestern Saudi Arabia. Patients at a tertiary care hospital were recruited in our study between August 2016 and September 2018. Malaria diagnosis was performed through a species-specific nested polymerase chain reaction (nested PCR), microscopy and Paramax-3^TM rapid detection test (RDT). Malaria was detected in 30 patients by the PCR, with point prevalence of 10.9%. Of these malaria infections, 80% was imported, 26.6% was asymptomatic and 23.3% was sub-microscopic. Malaria was reported throughout the year, with February/March and September/October peaks. Infection was significantly more in males than in females (P=0.01). Likewise, infections were detected more in febrile than in non-febrile patients (P=0.01). Adult aged 15-24 years, fever and travel were identified as high-risk factors. Malaria was primarily attributed to Plasmodium falciparum mono-infections, followed by P. vivax mono-infections and lastly to falciparum/vivax mixed infections accounting 76.6%, 16.6%, and 6.6% of PCR-confirmed malaria cases, respectively. The nested PCR was superior to the smear microscopy (sensitivity 76.6%; specificity 100%) and the RDT (sensitivity 83.3%, specificity 94.2%). The overall percent agreement between microscopy and the RDT was 92.7% (kappa=0.63). High proportion of imported malaria including sub-microscopic and sub-patent cases were described. We suggest that incorporation of molecular tool into the conventional malaria diagnosis is beneficial in Jazan district.

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Epidemiological Survey on Schistosomiasis and Intestinal Helminthiasis among Village Residents of the Rural River Basin Area in White Nile State, Sudan: Young-Ha Lee, Jin-Su Lee, Hoo-Gn Jeoung, In-Sun Kwon, Abd Al Wahab Saed Mohamed, Sung-Tae Hong; Korean J Parasitol 2019;57(2):135-144.
Published online April 30, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2019.57.2.135

Abstract
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There have been some reports on schistosomiasis of school children in Sudan’s Nile River basin area; however, information about the infection status of Schistosoma species and intestinal helminths among village residents of this area is very limited. Urine and stool samples were collected from the 1,138 residents of the Al Hidaib and Khour Ajwal villages of White Nile State, Sudan in 2014. The prevalence of overall schistosomiasis and intestinal helminthiasis was 36.3% and 7.7%, respectively. Egg positive rates were 35.6% for Schistosoma haematobium, 2.6% for S. mansoni, and 1.4% were mixed. The prevalence of schistosomiasis was significantly higher in men (45.6%) than in women (32.0%), in Khou Ajwal villagers (39.4%) than in Al Hidaib villagers (19.2%), and for age groups ≤15 years old (51.5%) than for age groups >15 years old (13.2%). The average number of eggs per 10 ml urine (EP10) of S. haematobium infections was 18.9, with 22.2 eggs in men vs 17.0 in women and 20.4 in Khou Ajwal villagers vs 8.1 in Al Hidaib villagers. In addition to S. mansoni eggs, 4 different species of intestinal helminths were found in the stool, including Hymenolepis nana (6.6%) and H. diminuta (1.0%). Collectively, urinary schistosomiasis is still prevalent among village residents in Sudan’s White Nile River basin and was especially high in men, children ≤15 years, and in the village without a clean water system. H. nana was the most frequently detected intestinal helminths in the 2 villages.

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Schistosomiasis Interventions in Africa: Assessment and Systematic Review
Christopher Yaw Dumevi, George Boateng Kyei, Patience B. Tetteh-Quarcoo, James-Paul Kretchy, Irene Ayi, Patrick F. Ayeh-Kumi, Satabdi Datta Choudhury
Journal of Parasitology Research.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Urogenital schistosomiasis in schoolchildren in the lake zones of Kankossa and Oued Rawdha, southern Mauritania: The first parasitological and malacological survey
Lemat Nakatt, Papa Mouhamadou Gaye, Mohamed Ouldabdallahi Moukah, Binta Niang, Leonardo Basco, Stephane Ranque, Ali Ould Mohamed Salem Boukhary, Bonnie L. Webster
PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases.2024; 18(9): e0012505. CrossRef
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Schistosomiasis in Sudan: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Yousef Alsaafin, Ayman Omer, Osama Felemban, Sarra Modawi, Maydolin Ibrahim, Abdullah Mohammed, Ammar Elfaki, Ahmed Abushara, Maryam A SalahEldin
Cureus.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Investigation of cluster cases of urinary bilharziasis in the health area of Klemeklo, Northwest Bouake, 2017
I. Soumahoro S., P. Kouassi D., D. Zika K., Coulibaly M., D. Kouame A., Yéo S., M. Sokodogo A., A. E. Amani E., S. M. L. Tanoh M., Moumouni A., H. A. Yao G., -E. Ebouat M., Adoubryn K.D, S. Dagnan N.
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Impact of seven years of mass drug administration and recrudescence of Schistosoma haematobium infections after one year of treatment gap in Zanzibar: Repeated cross-sectional studies
Lydia Trippler, Shaali Makame Ame, Jan Hattendorf, Saleh Juma, Salum Abubakar, Said Mohammed Ali, Fatma Kabole, David Rollinson, Stefanie Knopp, Antonio Montresor
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Gender-related differences in prevalence, intensity and associated risk factors of Schistosoma infections in Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Diepreye Victoria Ayabina, Jessica Clark, Helena Bayley, Poppy H. L. Lamberton, Jaspreet Toor, T. Deirdre Hollingsworth, Victor S. Santos
PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases.2021; 15(11): e0009083. CrossRef
Comparison of the Change in the Prevalence and Intensity of Schistosoma haematobium Infection Between High and Low Prevalence Areas of White Nile State, Sudan
Seungman Cha, Sung-Tae Hong, Jin-Su Lee, Hoo Gn Jeong, In-Sun Kwon, Abd Al Wahab Saed, Mousab Siddig Elhag, Hassan Ahmed Hassan Ahmed Ismail, Mutamad Amin, Young-Ha Lee
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Case Reports

Two Imported Cases of Babesiosis with Complication or Co-Infection with Lyme Disease in Republic of Korea: Hea Yoon Kwon, Jae Hyoung Im, Yun-Kyu Park, Areum Durey, Jin-Soo Lee, Ji Hyeon Baek; Korean J Parasitol 2018;56(6):609-613.
Published online December 31, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2018.56.6.609

Abstract
PDF

Babesiosis, caused by Babesia microti and B. divergens, is transmitted by Ixodid ticks. Symptoms of babesiosis vary from a mild flu-like illness to acute, severe, and sometimes fatal and fulminant disease. In Korea, 7 imported babesiosis cases and 1 endemic case have been reported. We report 2 cases of severe babesiosis initially mistaken as malaria. The first patient was complicated by shock and splenic infarction, the other co-infected with Lyme disease. As the population traveling abroad increases every year, physicians should be aware of babesiosis which mimics malaria, co-infection with other diseases, and its complications.

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Jong-Yil Chai
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Kaetlyn Arant, Ty Agaisse, Athanasios Vassilopoulos, Sassine Ghanem, Michael Santos
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Detection of US and Kobe‐type Babesia microti in ticks collected from small mammals of the Republic of Korea
Tae Yun Kim, Seong Yoon Kim, Jiye Seo, Hee IL Lee, Wook‐Gyo Lee, Hyunwoo Kim
Entomological Research.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
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Hyun Jung Kim, Min Jae Kim, Hyun-Il Shin, Jung-Won Ju, Hee-Il Lee
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Ju Yeong Kim, Myung-hee Yi, Alghurabi Areej Sabri Mahdi, Tai-Soon Yong
Parasites & Vectors.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Molecular evidence of zoonotic Babesia species, other than B. microti, in ixodid ticks collected from small mammals in the Republic of Korea
Tae Yun Kim, Seong Yoon Kim, Tae‐Kyu Kim, Hee IL Lee, Shin‐Hyeong Cho, Wook‐Gyo Lee, Hyunwoo Kim
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Identification of Cystoisospora ohioensis in a Diarrheal Dog in Korea: Sangmin Lee, Junki Kim, Doo-Sung Cheon, Eun-A Moon, Dong Joo Seo, Soontag Jung, Hansaem Shin, Changsun Choi; Korean J Parasitol 2018;56(4):371-374.
Published online August 31, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2018.56.4.371

Abstract
PDF

A 3-month-old female Maltese puppy was hospitalized with persistent diarrhea in a local veterinary clinic. Blood chemistry and hematology profile were analyzed and fecal smear was examined. Diarrheal stools were examined in a diagnostic laboratory, using multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) against 23 diarrheal pathogens. Sequence analysis was performed using nested PCR amplicon of 18S ribosomal RNA. Coccidian oocysts were identified in the fecal smear. Although multiplex real-time PCR was positive for Cyclospora cayetanensis, the final diagnosis was Cystoisospora ohioensis infection, confirmed by phylogenetic analysis of 18S rRNA. To our knowledge, this the first case report of C. ohioensis in Korea, using microscopic examination and phylogenetic analysis.

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18S rRNA gene metabarcoding for investigation of gastrointestinal parasite diversity in great cormorants
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Mini Review

An Overview of Fish-borne Nematodiases among Returned Travelers for Recent 25 Years? Unexpected Diseases Sometimes Far Away from the Origin: Jorge Costa Eiras, Gilberto Cezar Pavanelli, Ricardo Massato Takemoto, Yukifumi Nawa; Korean J Parasitol 2018;56(3):215-227.
Published online June 30, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2018.56.3.215

Abstract
PDF

Along with globalization of traveling and trading, fish-borne nematodiases seems to be increasing in number. However, apart from occasional and sporadic case reports or mini-reviews of particular diseases in particular countries, an overview of fish-borne nematodiasis among travelers have never been performed. In this review, we gathered fishborne nematodiasis among travelers for recent 25 years by an extensive global literature survey using appropriate keywords, e.g. travelers diseases, human infection, anisakiasis, gnathostomiasis, capillariasis, sushi, sashimi, ceviche, Gnathostoma, Pseudoterranova, Anisakis, Capillaria, etc., as well as various combinations of these key words. The Internet search engines PubMed, Medline, Google and Googler Scholar were used as much as possible, and the references of every paper were checked in order to identify useful and reliable publications. The results showed unexpectedly high incidence of gnathostomiasis and low incidence of anisakidosis. The different incidence values of the infection with several fish-borne zoonotic nematode species are discussed, as well as some epidemiological aspects of the infections. The difficulties of differential diagnosis in non-endemic countries are emphasized. It is concluded that travelers must avoid risky behaviors which can lead to infection and that physicians and health authorities must advice travelers on the risks of eating behaviors during travel.

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Original Article

High Frequency of Enteric Protozoan, Viral, and Bacterial Potential Pathogens in Community-Acquired Acute Diarrheal Episodes: Evidence Based on Results of Luminex Gastrointestinal Pathogen Panel Assay: Yousry A. Hawash, Khadiga A. Ismail, Mazen Almehmadi; Korean J Parasitol 2017;55(5):513-521.
Published online October 31, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2017.55.5.513

Abstract
PDF

Infectious diarrhea is endemic in most developing countries. We aimed to investigate the protozoan, viral, and bacterial causes of acute diarrhea in Taif, Saudi Arabia. A cross-sectional prospective 1-year study was conducted on 163 diarrheal patients of various ages. Stool samples were collected, 1 per patient, and tested for 3 protozoa, 3 viruses, and 9 bacteria with the Luminex Gastrointestinal Pathogen Panel. Overall, 53.4% (87/163) of samples were positives (20.8% protozoa, 19.6% viruses, 2.8% bacteria, and 9.8% mixed). Rotavirus (19.6%), Giardia duodenalis (16.5%), and Cryptosporidium spp. (8.5%) were the mostly detected pathogens. Adenovirus 40/41 (4.2%), Salmonella (3%), Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (3%), and Entamoeba histolytica (2.4%) were also detected. Norovirus GI/II, Vibrio cholerae, Yersinia enterocolitica, and Clostridium difficile toxin A/B were not detected in any patients. All pathogens were involved in coinfections except E. histolytica. Giardia (5.5%) and rotavirus (3%) were the most commonly detected in co-infections. Enterotoxigenic E. coli (2.4%), Campylobacter spp. (2.4%), E. coli 0157 (1.8%), and Shigella spp. (1.2%) were detected in patients only as co-infections. Infections were more in children 0-4 years, less in adults <40 years, and least >40 years, with statistically significant differences in risk across age groups observed with rotavirus (P<0.001), Giardia (P=0.006), and Cryptosporidium (P=0.036) infections. Lastly, infections were not significantly more in the spring. This report demonstrates the high burden of various enteropathogens in the setting. Further studies are needed to define the impact of these findings on the clinical course of the disease.

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20 Web of Science
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Case Report

Infection of Oligochaetes, Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri (Annelida: Oligochaeta), in the Nasal Cavity of a Chinese Man: Hongbin Liu, Zhenming Zhang, Guangping Huang, Xiaolong Gu, Chunmiao Wang, Yan Wang, Zhimin Lu; Korean J Parasitol 2017;55(1):77-79.
Published online February 28, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2017.55.1.77

Abstract
PDF

The infection by Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri Clapar?de, 1862 (Oligochaeta: Tubificinae) in humans is relatively uncommon. The present report is to describe an incidental human infection with oligochaetes in the nasal cavity of a Chinese man, a 25-year-old man residing in Zhangjiakou city, Hebei province, China presenting with nose bleed, severe itching, continuous sneezing, and rhinorrhea. A lot of oligochaete worms were found in the nasal discharge of the patient. The detected worms were identified as Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri (Annelida: Oligochaeta) based on morphological and molecular characteristics. This incidental L. hoffmeisteri nasal infection is the first case in China and indicates that oligochaete worms can be encountered in humans.

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Original Articles

Pygidiopsis summa (Digenea: Heterophyidae): Status of Metacercarial Infection in Mullets from Coastal Areas in the Republic of Korea: Woon-Mok Sohn, Byoung-Kuk Na, Shin-Hyeong Cho, Won-Ja Lee, Mi-Yeoun Park, Soon-Won Lee, Seung-Bong Choi, Beom-Nyung Huh, Won-Seok Seok; Korean J Parasitol 2016;54(4):497-502.
Published online August 31, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2016.54.4.497

Abstract
PDF

To know the infection status of zoonotic trematode metacercariae in brackish water fish, we surveyed mullets collected from 18 coastal areas in the Republic of Korea. The metacercariae of Pygidiopsis summa were detected in 236 (68.2%) out of 346 mullets examined. They were found in mullets from 15 areas except for those from Boseong-gun (Jeollanam-do), Pohang-si, and Uljin-gun (Gyeongsangbuk-do). Especially in mullets from Taean-gun (Chungcheongnam-do) and Geoje-si (Gyeongsangnam-do), their prevalences were 100% and 95.5%, and the average metacercarial density was more than 1,000 per fish. They were also detected in mullets from 3 coastal lakes, Gyeongpoho, Songjiho, and Hwajinpoho, in Gangwon-do, and their average densities were 419, 147, and 672 per infected fish, respectively. The metacercariae of 5 other heterophyid species, including Heterophyes nocens, Heterophyopsis continua, Metagonimus sp., Stictodora fuscata, and Stictodora lari, were found in the mullets examined. The metacercariae of H. nocens were detected in 66.7, 100, 28.6, 81.6, 3.9, 61.5, and 27.3% of mullets from Muan-gun, Shinan-gun, Haenam-gun, Gangjin-gun, and Boseong-gun (Jeollanam-do), Hadong-gun, and Geoje-si (Gyeongsangnam-do), and their metacercarial intensities were 64, 84, 119, 99, 1, 24, and 24 per fish infected, respectively. From the above results, it has been confirmed that P. summa metacercariae are heavily infected in mullets from coastal areas of Korea. It is suggested that residents who frequently consume raw mullet dish can be easily infected with heterophyid flukes.

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Infection Status with Digenetic Trematode Metacercariae in Fishes from Coastal Lakes in Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
Woon-Mok Sohn, Byoung-Kuk Na, Shin-Hyeong Cho, Soon-Won Lee
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2019; 57(6): 681. CrossRef
Infections with Zoonotic Trematode Metacercariae in Yellowfin Goby, Acanthogobius flavimanus, from Coastal Areas of Republic of Korea
Woon-Mok Sohn, Byoung-Kuk Na, Shin-Hyeong Cho, Jung-Won Ju, Soon-Won Lee, Won-Seok Seok
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2018; 56(3): 259. CrossRef
Fishborne zoonotic heterophyid infections: An update
Jong-Yil Chai, Bong-Kwang Jung
Food and Waterborne Parasitology.2017; 8-9: 33. CrossRef

8,881 View
138 Download
2 Web of Science
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Isolation and Genotyping of Acanthamoeba spp. as Neglected Parasites in North of Iran: Azar Shokri, Shahabeddin Sarvi, Ahmad Daryani, Mehdi Sharif; Korean J Parasitol 2016;54(4):447-453.
Published online August 31, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2016.54.4.447

Abstract
PDF

Acanthamoeba, a free-living amoeba, is widely distributed in the environment, water sources, soil, dust, and air. It can cause keratitis in contact lens wearers with poor hygiene and also fatal granulomatous amebic encephalitis (GAE) in immunocompromised hosts. The aim of this study was to gain some insights into the distribution and genotypes of the potentially pathogenic species of Acanthamoeba present in water sources in north of Iran. Total 43 Acanthamoeba species were isolated from 77 water samples taken from different water sources within the Mazandaran province in Northern Iran (Sari city and suburbs). Isolates were identified based on cyst and trophozoite morphological characteristics as well genetics. PCR fragments corresponding to the small-subunit 18S rRNA gene were sequenced for 20 of 43 positive isolates. The results revealed that 83.3% of sequenced isolates belonged to the T4 genotype and the rest belonged to the T2 genotype. Our results indicated that Acanthamoeba is widely distributed in Sari city. As the incidence in Iran of amoebic keratitis has increased in recent years, the exact estimation of the prevalence of this amoeba and its predominant genotype may play a crucial role in prevention of the disease. Sari city has several rivers, seashores, and natural recreational amenities, which attract visitors during the year. This is the first report of Acanthamoeba genotypes from water sources in Sari city, Mazandaran province of Iran, and the results suggest that more attention is needed to protect the visiting population and immunocompromised individuals.

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Laya Shamsi, Mina Mamizadeh, Mohammad Reza Mohammadi, Ali Pouryousef, Maryam Kheiry, Milad Badri, Ali Asghari, Fariba Shadfar
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Marziye Fatemi, Maryam Niyyati, Soheila Rouhani, Seyed Ahmad Karamati, Hamed Mirjalali, Panagiotis Karanis
International Journal of Environmental Health Research.2023; 33(10): 1010. CrossRef
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Yrna Lorena Matos de Oliveira, Erica Tirzah Santos Lima, Marilise Brittes Rott, Roberta Pereira Miranda Fernandes, Sona Jain, Marcus Vinicius de Aragão Batista, Silvio Santana Dolabella
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Maryam Norouzi, Reza Saberi, Maryam Niyyati, Jacob Lorenzo-Morales, Hamed Mirjalali, Marziye Fatemi, Ehsan Javanmard, Seyed Ahmad Karamati
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Brief Communication

Prevalence of Trichomonas vaginalis in Women Visiting 2 Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics in Daegu, South Korea: Youn-Kyoung Goo, Won-Sik Shin, Hye-Won Yang, So-Young Joo, Su-Min Song, Jae-Sook Ryu, Won-Myung Lee, Hyun-Hee Kong, Won-Ki Lee, Sang-Eun Lee, Won-Ja Lee, Dong-Il Chung, Yeonchul Hong; Korean J Parasitol 2016;54(1):75-80.
Published online February 26, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2016.54.1.75

Abstract
PDF

This study explored epidemiological trends in trichomoniasis in Daegu, South Korea. Wet mount microscopy, PCR, and multiplex PCR were used to test for Trichomonas vaginalis in vaginal swab samples obtained from 621 women visiting 2 clinics in Daegu. Of the 621 women tested, microscopy detected T. vaginalis in 4 (0.6%) patients, PCR detected T. vaginalis in 19 (3.0%) patients, and multiplex PCR detected T. vaginalis in 12 (1.9%) patients. Testing via PCR demonstrated high sensitivity and high negative predictive value for T. vaginalis. Among the 19 women who tested positive for T. vaginalis according to PCR, 94.7% (18/19) reported vaginal signs and symptoms. Notably, more than 50% of T. vaginalis infections occurred in females younger than 30 years old, and 58% were unmarried. Multiplex PCR, which simultaneously detects pathogens from various sexually transmitted infections, revealed that 91.7% (11/12) of patients were infected with 2 or more pathogens. Mycoplasma hominis was the most prevalent co-infection pathogen with T. vaginalis, followed by Ureaplasma urealyticum and Chlamydia trachomatis. Our results indicate that PCR and multiplex PCR are the most sensitive tools for T. vaginalis diagnosis, rather than microscopy which has been routinely used to detect T. vaginalis infections in South Korea. Therefore, clinicians should take note of the high prevalence of T. vaginalis infections among adolescent and young women in order to prevent persistent infection and transmission of this disease.

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Emmanuel O. Babafemi, Benny P. Cherian, Khalid Rahman, Gilbert M. Mogoko, Oluwatoyin O. Abiola
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Nagarajan L. Surya, Thangamani Suji, Santhosh Rani, Irene Dorathy, Shantidani Minz, Rani Diana Sahni
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Mohammad Saleh Bahreini, Samaneh Sedghi, Yalda Badalzadeh, Mohammad Hossein Motazedian, Manouchehr Shirani, Sareh Sami Jahromi, Aref Teimouri, Mahmoud Agholi, Qasem Asgari
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Vildan Turan Faraşat, İbrahim Cüneyt Balcıoğlu, Pınar Solmaz Hasdemir, Ertaç Gümüş
Turkish Journal of Parasitology.2022; 46(3): 167. CrossRef
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Lauren Hernández-Buelvas, Milena Camargo, Ricardo Sánchez, Manuel Elkin Patarroyo, Manuel Alfonso Patarroyo
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Parasitology Research.2020; 119(6): 1915. CrossRef
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Pati Aji Achdiat, Reiva Farah Dwiyana, Vina Feriza, Rasmia Rowawi, Rendy Ariezal Effendi, Oki Suwarsa, Hendra Gunawan
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Seung-Ryong Kim, Jung-Hyun Kim, Na-Yeong Gu, Yong-Suk Kim, Yeon-Chul Hong, Jae-Sook Ryu
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2016; 54(2): 187. CrossRef
Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Targeting Actin DNA of Trichomonas vaginalis
Youn-Kyoung Goo, Won-Sik Shin, Hye-Won Yang, So-Young Joo, Su-Min Song, Jae-Sook Ryu, Hyun-Hee Kong, Won-Ki Lee, Dong-Il Chung, Yeonchul Hong
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2016; 54(3): 329. CrossRef
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So-Young Joo, Youn-Kyoung Goo, Jae-Sook Ryu, Sang-Eun Lee, Won Kee Lee, Dong-Il Chung, Yeonchul Hong, Zhefeng Meng
PLOS ONE.2016; 11(12): e0167938. CrossRef

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Original Article

An Improved PCR-RFLP Assay for Detection and Genotyping of Asymptomatic Giardia lamblia Infection in a Resource-Poor Setting: Yoursry Hawash, M. M. Ghonaim, S. S. Al-Shehri; Korean J Parasitol 2016;54(1):1-8.
Published online February 26, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2016.54.1.1

Abstract
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Laboratory workers, in resource-poor countries, still consider PCR detection of Giardia lamblia more costly and more time-consuming than the classical parasitological techniques. Based on 2 published primers, an in-house one-round touchdown PCR-RFLP assay was developed. The assay was validated with an internal amplification control included in reactions. Performance of the assay was assessed with DNA samples of various purities, 91 control fecal samples with various parasite load, and 472 samples of unknown results. Two cysts per reaction were enough for PCR detection by the assay with exhibited specificity (Sp) and sensitivity (Se) of 100% and 93%, respectively. Taking a published small subunit rRNA reference PCR test results (6%; 29/472) as a nominated gold standard, G. lamblia was identified in 5.9% (28/472), 5.2%, (25/472), and 3.6% (17/472) by PCR assay, RIDA^® Quick Giardia antigen detection test (R-Biopharm, Darmstadt, Germany), and iodine-stained smear microscopy, respectively. The percent agreements (kappa values) of 99.7% (0.745), 98.9% (0.900), and 97.7% (0.981) were exhibited between the assay results and that of the reference PCR, immunoassay, and microscopy, respectively. Restriction digestion of the 28 Giardia-positive samples revealed genotype A pattern in 12 and genotype B profile in 16 samples. The PCR assay with the described format and exhibited performance has a great potential to be adopted in basic clinical laboratories as a detection tool for G. lamblia especially in asymptomatic infections. This potential is increased more in particular situations where identification of the parasite genotype represents a major requirement as in epidemiological studies and infection outbreaks.

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A rapid economical multiplex PCR-RFLP method for molecular detection and genotyping of Giardia duodenalis clinical isolates
Ajanta Ghosal, Sanjib K. Sardar, Tapas Haldar, Akash Prasad, Koushik Das, Seiki Kobayashi, Yumiko Saito-Nakano, Shanta Dutta, Tomoyoshi Nozaki, Sandipan Ganguly
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Nawal Hijjawi, Rongchang Yang, Ma'mon Hatmal, Yasmeen Yassin, Taghrid Mharib, Rami Mukbel, Sameer Alhaj Mahmoud, Abdel-Ellah Al-Shudifat, Una Ryan
Experimental Parasitology.2018; 185: 23. CrossRef
Methods for the detection of Cryptosporidium and Giardia: From microscopy to nucleic acid based tools in clinical and environmental regimes
Folasade Esther Adeyemo, Gulshan Singh, Poovendhree Reddy, Thor Axel Stenström
Acta Tropica.2018; 184: 15. CrossRef
High Frequency of Enteric Protozoan, Viral, and Bacterial Potential Pathogens in Community-Acquired Acute Diarrheal Episodes: Evidence Based on Results of Luminex Gastrointestinal Pathogen Panel Assay
Yousry A. Hawash, Khadiga A. Ismail, Mazen Almehmadi
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2017; 55(5): 513. CrossRef

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Case Report

Four Human Cases of Acanthotrema felis (Digenea: Heterophyidae) Infection in Korea: Jong-Yil Chai, Jae-Lip Kim, Min Seo; Korean J Parasitol 2014;52(3):291-294.
Published online June 26, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2014.52.3.291

Abstract
PDF

Acanthotrema felis is an intestinal trematode of cats originally reported from the Republic of Korea. Only 1 human case infected with a single adult worm has been previously recorded. In the present study, we report 4 human cases infected with a total of 10 worms recovered after anthelmintic treatment and purging. All 4 patients reside in coastal areas of Jeollanam-do, Korea, and have consumed brackish water fish including the gobies, Acanthogobius flavimanus. The worms averaged 0.47 mm in length and 0.27 mm in width, and had 3 sclerites on the ventrogenital sac; 1 was short and thumb-like, another was long and blunt-ended, and the 3rd was long and broad-tipped. They were identified as A. felis Sohn, Han, & Chai, 2003. Surveys on coastal areas to detect further human cases infected with A. felis are required.

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Jong-Yil Chai, Bong-Kwang Jung
Food and Waterborne Parasitology.2017; 8-9: 33. CrossRef
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Parasitology Research.2015; 114(11): 4259. CrossRef

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Brief Communications

Parasitic Infections Based on 320 Clinical Samples Submitted to Hanyang University, Korea (2004-2011): Sung-Chul Choi, Soo-Young Lee, Hyun-Ouk Song, Jae-Sook Ryu, Myoung-Hee Ahn; Korean J Parasitol 2014;52(2):215-220.
Published online April 18, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2014.52.2.215

Abstract
PDF

We analyzed 320 clinical samples of parasitic infections submitted to the Department of Environmental Biology and Medical Parasitology, Hanyang University from January 2004 to June 2011. They consisted of 211 nematode infections, 64 trematode or cestode infections, 32 protozoan infections, and 13 infections with arthropods. The nematode infections included 67 cases of trichuriasis, 62 of anisakiasis (Anisakis sp. and Pseudoterranova decipiens), 40 of enterobiasis, and 24 of ascariasis, as well as other infections including strongyloidiasis, thelaziasis, loiasis, and hookworm infecions. Among the cestode or trematode infections, we observed 27 cases of diphyllobothriasis, 14 of sparganosis, 9 of clonorchiasis, and 5 of paragonimiasis together with a few cases of taeniasis saginata, cysticercosis cellulosae, hymenolepiasis, and echinostomiasis. The protozoan infections included 14 cases of malaria, 4 of cryptosporidiosis, and 3 of trichomoniasis, in addition to infections with Entamoeba histolytica, Entamoeba dispar, Entamoeba coli, Endolimax nana, Giardia lamblia, and Toxoplasma gondii. Among the arthropods, we detected 6 cases of Ixodes sp., 5 of Phthirus pubis, 1 of Sarcoptes scabiei, and 1 of fly larva. The results revealed that trichuriasis, anisakiasis, enterobiasis, and diphyllobothriasis were the most frequently found parasitosis among the clinical samples.

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Morphologic and Genetic Evidence for Mixed Infection with Two Myxobolus Species (Myxozoa: Myxobolidae) in Gray Mullets, Mugil cephalus, from Korean Waters: Wi-Sik Kim, Jeong-Ho Kim, Myung-Joo Oh; Korean J Parasitol 2013;51(3):369-373.
Published online June 30, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2013.51.3.369

Abstract
PDF

The present study was performed to trace the decisive evidence for mixed infection of 2 Myxobolus species, M. episquamalis and Myxobolus sp., in the gray mullet, Mugil cephalus, from Korean waters. Mullets with whitish cyst-like plasmodia on their scales were collected near a sewage plant in Yeosu, southern part of Korea, in 2009. The cysts were mainly located on scales and also found in the intestine. The spores from scales were oval in a frontal view, tapering anteriorly to a blunt apex, and measured 7.2 ?m (5.8-8.0) in length and 5.3 ?m (4.7-6.1) in width. Two polar capsules were pyriform and extended over the anterior half of the spore, measuring 3.5 ?m (2.3-4.8) in length and 2.0 ?m (1.5-2.2) in width. In contrast, the spores from the intestine were ellipsoidal, 10.4 ?m (9.0-11.9) in length and 8.4 ?m (7.3-10.1) in width. The polar capsules were pyriform but did not extend over the anterior half of the spore, 3.7 ?m (2.5-4.5) in length and 2.2 ?m (1.8-2.9) in width. The nucleotide sequences of the 18S rDNA gene of the 2 myxosporean spores from scales and intestine showed 88.1% identity to each other and 100% identity with M. episquamalis and 94.5% identity with M. spinacurvatura from mullet, respectively. By the above findings, it is first confirmed that mullets from the Korean water are infected with 2 myxosporean species, M. episquamalis and Myxobolus sp.

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Original Article

Hyperendemicity of Haplorchis taichui Infection among Riparian People in Saravane and Champasak Province, Lao PDR: Jong-Yil Chai, Tai-Soon Yong, Keeseon S. Eom, Duk-Young Min, Hyeong-Kyu Jeon, Tae-Yun Kim, Bong-Kwang Jung, Lay Sisabath, Bounnaloth Insisiengmay, Bounlay Phommasack, Han-Jong Rim; Korean J Parasitol 2013;51(3):305-311.
Published online June 30, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2013.51.3.305

Abstract
PDF

In this study, we found that Haplorchis taichui, a heterophyid intestinal fluke, is highly prevalent, with heavy worm loads, among riparian people in Saravane and Champasak province, Lao PDR. Fecal specimens were collected from 1,460 people (717 men and 743 women) in 12 riparian (Mekong river) districts and were examined by the Kato-Katz fecal smear technique. The overall helminth egg positive rate was 78.8% and 66.4% in Saravane and Champasak province, respectively. The positive rate for small trematode eggs (STE), which included H. taichui and other heterophyids, Opisthorchis viverrini, and lecithodendriids, was 69.9% and 46.3% in Saravane and Champasak province, respectively. To obtain adult flukes, 30 STE-positive people were treated with 40 mg/kg praziquantel and then purged. Whole diarrheic stools were collected 4-5 times for each person and searched for fluke specimens using a stereomicroscope. Mixed infections with various species of trematodes (H. taichui, Haplorchis pumilio, O. viverrini, Prosthodendrium molenkampi, Centrocestus formosanus, and Echinochasmus japonicus) and a species of cestode (Taenia saginata) were found. However, the worm load was exceptionally high for H. taichui compared with other trematode species, with an average of 21,565 and 12,079 specimens per infected person in Saravane and Champasak province, respectively, followed by H. pumilio (41.9 and 22.5, respectively) and O. viverrini (9.4 and 1.5, respectively). These results show that diverse species of intestinal and liver flukes are prevalent among riparian people in Saravane and Champasak province, Lao PDR, with H. taichui being the exceptionally dominant species.

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Articles from Symposium on Asian Taenia (October 2011, Osong, Korea)

Current Status of Taeniasis in Thailand: Malinee Thairungroj Anantaphruti; Korean J Parasitol 2013;51(1):37-42.
Published online February 18, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2013.51.1.37

Abstract
PDF

Taeniasis is prevalent in all regions of Thailand, except the South. Infections were more frequently found in males than females of any age from 7-83 years. Taenia saginata is the most common species throughout the country. Taenia asiatica was reported only in the province of Kanchanaburi in the Central region. Co-infections, with Taenia solium and T. asiatica or T. solium and T. saginata, were found. Hybridization between T. asiatica and T. saginata is evidence that co-infection is never found between these 2 species. Finding more than 1 worm in a single patient was not entirely rare. Genetic variation was found without correlation to its geographic distribution in T. saginata, whereas no variation was found in T. asiatica.

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Assessment of knowledge and practices regarding taeniasis and cysticercosis in Pak Chong, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand: A cross-sectional study
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Case Report

A Case of Oral Myiasis Caused by Lucilia sericata (Diptera: Calliphoridae) in Korea: Mun Jang, Seung-Min Ryu, Sang-Chang Kwon, Jun-Ouk Ha, Young-Hoon Kim, Dong-Hyun Kim, Soon-Myung Jung, Soon-Il Lee, Woon-Mok Sohn, Hee-Jae Cha, Meesun Ock; Korean J Parasitol 2013;51(1):119-123.
Published online February 18, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2013.51.1.119

Abstract
PDF

We report here a case of oral myiasis in the Republic of Korea. The patient was a 37-year-old man with a 30-year history of Becker's muscular dystrophy. He was intubated due to dyspnea 8 days prior to admission to an intensive care unit (ICU). A few hours after the ICU admission, 43 fly larvae were found during suction of the oral cavity. All maggots were identified as the third instars of Lucilia sericata (Diptera: Calliphoridae) by morphology. We discussed on the characteristics of myiasis acquired in Korea, including the infection risk and predisposing factors.

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Mini Review

Immunological Mechanisms by Which Concomitant Helminth Infections Predispose to the Development of Human Tuberculosis: Patricia M?ndez-Samperio; Korean J Parasitol 2012;50(4):281-286.
Published online November 26, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2012.50.4.281

Abstract
PDF

Helminthic infections afflict over 1.5 billion people worldwide, while Mycobacterium tuberculosis infects one third of the world's population, resulting in 2 million deaths per year. Although tuberculosis and helminthic infections coexist in many parts of the world, and it has been demonstrated that the T-helper 2 and T-regulatory cell responses elicited by helminths can affect the ability of the host to control mycobacterial infection, it is still unclear whether helminth infections in fact affect tuberculosis disease. In this review article, current progress in the knowledge about the immunomodulation induced by helminths to diminish the protective immune responses to bacille Calmette-Guerin vaccination is reviewed, and the knowledge about the types of immune responses modulated by helminths and the consequences for tuberculosis are summarized. In addition, recent data supporting the significant reduction of both M. tuberculosis antigen-specific Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2 and TLR9 expression, and pro-inflammatory cytokine responses to TLR2 and TLR9 ligands in individuals with M. tuberculosis and helminth co-infection were discussed. This examination will allow to improve understanding of the immune responses to mycobacterial infection and also be of great relevance in combating human tuberculosis.

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Brief Communication

Two Human Cases Infected by the Horsehair Worm, Parachordodes sp. (Nematomorpha: Chordodidae), in Japan: Minoru Yamada, Tatsuya Tegoshi, Niichiro Abe, Misako Urabe; Korean J Parasitol 2012;50(3):263-267.
Published online August 13, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2012.50.3.263

Abstract
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The present study was performed to describe 2 human cases infected by the horsehair worm, Parachordodes sp., in Japan. Two gordiid worms were collected in the vomit and excreta of an 80-year-old woman in November 2009 in Kyoto city, and in the mouth of 1-year-old boy in December 2009 in Nara city, Japan, respectively. Both worms were males having bifurcated posterior ends and male gonads in cross sectional specimens. They were identified as Parachordodes sp. (Nematomorpha: Chordodidae) based on the characteristic morphologies of cross sections and areoles in the cuticle. DNA analysis on 18S rRNA partial sequence arrangements was also carried out and both worms were assumed to be close to the genus Paragordionus based on tree analysis, and far from Gordius sp. which has already been reported in humans in Japan. DNA sequencing of the Parachordodes worm does not appear on the database; therefore, more information on the gene sequences of the genus Parachordodes from humans, animals, or intermediates is required.

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Case Reports

Cat Flea Infestation in a Hospital: A Case Report: Muthupalaniappen Leelavathi, Moktar Norhayati, Yin Yin Lee; Korean J Parasitol 2012;50(1):79-82.
Published online March 6, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2012.50.1.79

Abstract
PDF

Cat flea bite in humans results in extremely pruritic skin lesions. It has been reported to occur among those living in domiciliary accommodation. However, nosocomial infestation with cat flea has not been reported. We hereby report a case of nosocomial infestation of cat flea in a hospital facility. Identification of the parasite, its appropriate eradication, and adequate medical management of the patients resulted in a satisfactory outcome.

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Congenital Neosporosis in Goats from the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil: Mary S. Varaschin, Christian Hirsch, Flademir Wouters, Karen Y. Nakagaki, Ant?nio M. Guimar?es, Domingos S. Santos, Pedro S. Bezerra, Rafael C. Costa, Ana P. Peconick, Ingeborg M. Langohr; Korean J Parasitol 2012;50(1):63-67.
Published online March 6, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2012.50.1.63

Abstract
PDF

Congenital Neospora caninum infection was diagnosed in two Saanen goat kids from two distinct herds with a history of abortion and weak newborn goat kids in the Southern region of the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The first kid was weak at birth, had difficulty to rise and was unable to nurse. Gross lesions of porencephaly and hydrocephalus ex vacuo were seen. Multifocal necrosis, gliosis and non-supurative encephalitis were observed in the brain. Several parasitic cysts with a thick wall that reacted strongly only with polyclonal antiserum to Neospora caninum were seen in the cerebral cortex, brain stem and cerebellum. The second kid was born from a Neospora caninum seropositive mother that aborted in the last pregnancy. It was born without clinical signs. The diagnosis of neosporosis was based on antibody titer of 1:800 to N. caninum by indirect fluorescence antibody test obtained from blood collected before the goat kid ingested the colostrum and Neospora caninum DNA was detected by polymerase chain reaction and sequenced from placenta. This is the first report of neosporosis in goats in the southeast region of Brazil.

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Original Articles

Immune Responses of Mice Intraduodenally Infected with Toxoplasma gondii KI-1 Tachyzoites: Eun-Hee Shin, Yeoun Sook Chun, Won-Hee Kim, Jae-Lip Kim, Kyoung-Ho Pyo, Jong-Yil Chai; Korean J Parasitol 2011;49(2):115-123.
Published online June 14, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2011.49.2.115

Abstract
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Toxoplasma gondii Korean isolate (KI-1) tachyzoites were inoculated intraduodenally to BALB/c mice using a silicon tube, and the course of infection and immune responses of mice were studied. Whereas control mice, that were infected intraperitoneally, died within day 7 post-infection (PI), the intraduodenally infected mice survived until day 9 PI (infection with 1×10⁵ tachyzoites) or day 11 PI (with 1×10⁶ tachyzoites). Based on histopathologic (Giemsa stain) and PCR (B1 gene) studies, it was suggested that tachyzoites, after entering the small intestine, invaded into endothelial cells, divided there, and propagated to other organs. PCR appeared to be more sensitive than histopathology to detect infected organs and tissues. The organisms spread over multiple organs by day 6 PI. However, proliferative responses of splenocytes and mesenteric lymph node (MLN) cells in response to con A or Toxoplasma lysate antigen decreased significantly, suggesting immunosuppression. Splenic CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T-lymphocytes showed decreases in number until day 9 PI, whereas IFN-γ and IL-10 decreased slightly at day 6 PI and returned to normal levels by day 9 PI. No TNF-α was detected throughout the experimental period. The results showed that intraduodenal infection with KI-1 tachyzoites was successful but did not elicit significant mucosal immunity in mice and allowed dissemination of T. gondii organisms to systemic organs. The immunosuppression of mice included reduced lymphoproliferative responses to splenocytes and MLN cells to mitogen and low production of cytokines, such as IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-10, in response to T. gondii infection.

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The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2011; 49(3): 303. CrossRef

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Anisakis simplex Larvae: Infection Status in Marine Fish and Cephalopods Purchased from the Cooperative Fish Market in Busan, Korea: Seon Hee Choi, Jung Kim, Jin Ok Jo, Min Kyung Cho, Hak Sun Yu, Hee Jae Cha, Mee Sun Ock; Korean J Parasitol 2011;49(1):39-44.
Published online March 18, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2011.49.1.39

Abstract
PDF

The infection status of marine fish and cephalopods with Anisakis simplex third stage larva (L3) was studied over a period of 1 year. A total of 2,537 specimens, which consisted of 40 species of fish and 3 species of cephalopods, were purchased from the Cooperative Fish Market in Busan, Korea, from August 2006 to July 2007. They were examined for A. simplex L3 from the whole body cavity, viscera, and muscles. A. simplex L3 were confirmed by light microscopy. The overall infection rate reached 34.3%, and average 17.1 larvae were parasitized per infected fish. Fish that recorded the highest infection rate was Lophiomus setigerus (100%), followed by Liparis tessellates (90%), Pleurogrammus azonus (90%), and Scomber japonicus (88.7%). The intensity of infection was the highest in Gadus macrocephalus (117.7 larvae per fish), followed by S. japonicus (103.9 larvae) and L. setigerus (54.2 larvae). Although abundance of A. simplex L3 was not seasonal in most of the fish species, 10 of the 16 selected species showed the highest abundance in February and April. A positive correlation between the intensity of L3 infection and the fish length was obvious in S. japonicus and G. macrocephalus. It was likely that A. simplex L3 are more frequently infected during the spring season in some species of fish. Our study revealed that eating raw or undercooked fish or cephalopods could still be a source of human infection with A. simplex L3 in Korea.

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Brief Communications

Experimental Toxocara cati Infection in Gerbils and Rats: Mohammad Zibaei, Seyed Mahmoud Sadjjadi, Shoji Uga; Korean J Parasitol 2010;48(4):331-333.
Published online December 16, 2010; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2010.48.4.331

Abstract
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Mongolian gerbils and Wistar rats were inoculated orally with 240 and 2,500 Toxocara cati embryonated eggs, respectively, to evaluate the larval recovery in different tissues and organs, such as the liver, lungs, heart, kidney, and skeletal muscles after 5, 30, 49, 70, and 92 days post-infection (PI). Larval recovery rates were 1.7-30.0% in Mongolian gerbils on days 5-92 PI and 0.2-3.8% in rats on the same days. These results indicate that Mongolian gerbils and Wistar rats are suitable experimental paratenic hosts for the study of neurological toxocariasis as well as visceral toxocariasis.

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Toxocara infection in pregnant women: seroprevalence and risk factors
Marjan Noori, Mohammad Zibaei, Amir Bairami, Seyed Ali Hashemi, Aliehsan Heidari, Fatemeh Bakhshipour, Zahra Hatami, Saeed Bahadory
BMC Women's Health.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
The potential relationship between Toxocara canis infection and epilepsy in a rat model
Amina M. Salama, Dina I. Elgendy, Rasha A. Elmahy, Asmaa F. Eltantawy, Monira A. Seleem, Ahmed M. Elgohary, Omaima K. Docmac, Marwa E. F. Al Mwafy, Ahmed A. Almeldin, Mahmoud S. Sharaf
Parasitology Research.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Toxocara canis infection in multiple types of animals: ophthalmological and pathological observations
Shuxin Zheng, Limei Sun, Li Huang, Yue Xie, Xiaoyan Ding
Parasites & Vectors.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Understanding the research and practical needs required to control toxocariasis in Iran
Mohammad Ebrahimipour, Hamid Parsa, Nazanin Kianifard, Saeid Nasibi, Ali Rostami
Parasite Epidemiology and Control.2024; 25: e00351. CrossRef
Changes in the expression of miR-103a and miR-21: a functional diagnosis of toxocariasis in rats
Mohammad Zibaei, Mohammad Bagher Rokni, Nasrin Sohrabi, Asghar Sepahvand, Omid Raiesi, Muhammad Ibrahim Getso, Gita Alizadeh, Asmaa Ibrahim, Mohammad Yarahmadi, Vahid Raissi
Journal of Medical Microbiology .2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Larva migrans in BALB/c mice experimentally infected with Toxocara cati ensured by PCR assay
Majid Naderbandi, Mohammad Zibaei, Ali Haniloo, Farzaneh Firoozeh, Zahra Hatami, Elham Shokri, Kensuke Taira
BMC Veterinary Research.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Detection of Toxocara species larvae in four Iranian free-range broiler farms
Elham Shokri, Ali Haniloo, Mohammad Zibaei, Ali Pezeshki, Kamyar Mansori, Kensuke Taira
BMC Veterinary Research.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Prevalence of Toxocara and Toxascaris infection among human and animals in Iran with meta-analysis approach
Aida Vafae Eslahi, Milad Badri, Ali Khorshidi, Hamidreza Majidiani, Elham Hooshmand, Hamid Hosseini, Ali Taghipour, Masoud Foroutan, Nader Pestehchian, Farzaneh Firoozeh, Seyed Mohammad Riahi, Mohammad Zibaei
BMC Infectious Diseases.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Evaluating the preventive and curative effects of Toxocara canis larva in Freund's complete adjuvant‐induced arthritis
Zahra Shayesteh, Hamid Hosseini, Vahid Nasiri, Zeinab Haddadi, Najmeh Moradi, Leila Beikzadeh, Monireh Sezavar, Aliehsan Heidari, Mohammad Zibaei
Parasite Immunology.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Larval distribution, migratory pattern and histological effects of Toxocara canis in Rattus norvegicus
Kennesa Klariz R. Llanes, Cyrelle M. Besana, Vachel Gay V. Paller
Journal of Parasitic Diseases.2019; 43(4): 679. CrossRef
The occurrence of Toxocara species in naturally infected broiler chickens revealed by molecular approaches
M. Zibaei, S.M. Sadjjadi, S. Maraghi
Journal of Helminthology.2017; 91(5): 633. CrossRef
Dot enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the detection of Toxocara infection using a rat model
Vachel Gay V. Paller, Cyrelle M. Besana, Isabel Kristine M. Valdez
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A Toxocara cati eggs concentration method from cats’ faeces, for experimental and diagnostic purposes
N. Cardillo, I. Sommerfelt, F. Fariña, M. Pasqualetti, M. Pérez, M. Ercole, A. Rosa, M. Ribicich
Experimental Parasitology.2014; 144: 73. CrossRef
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Bahador Sarkari, Malihe Lari, Reza Shafiei, Seyed Mahmoud Sadjjadi
Archives of Pediatric Infectious Diseases.2014;[Epub] CrossRef
Neurotoxocarosis: marked preference of Toxocara canis for the cerebrum and T. cati for the cerebellum in the paratenic model host mouse
Elisabeth Janecek, Andreas Beineke, Thomas Schnieder, Christina Strube
Parasites & Vectors.2014;[Epub] CrossRef
EXPERIMENTAL INFECTION WITH Toxocara cati IN PIGS: MIGRATORY PATTERN AND PATHOLOGICAL RESPONSE IN EARLY PHASE
Irma Estela Sommerfelt, Adriana Duchene, Betina Daprato, Clara María Lopez, Natalia Cardillo, Aníbal Juan Franco
Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo.2014; 56(4): 347. CrossRef
Toxocara spp. infections in paratenic hosts
Christina Strube, Lea Heuer, Elisabeth Janecek
Veterinary Parasitology.2013; 193(4): 375. CrossRef
A Comparative Histopathology, Serology and Molecular Study, on Experimental Ocular Toxocariasis byToxocara catiin Mongolian Gerbils and Wistar Rats
Mohammad Zibaei, Seyed Mahmoud Sadjjadi, Mehdi Karamian, Shoji Uga, Ahmad Oryan, Seyed Hamidreza Jahadi-Hosseini
BioMed Research International.2013; 2013: 1. CrossRef
High infectivity of Toxocara cati larvae from muscles of experimentally infected rats
Kensuke Taira, Tomonori Yanagida, Naoko Akazawa, Yasuhide Saitoh
Veterinary Parasitology.2013; 196(3-4): 397. CrossRef

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Suppression of CD4⁺ T-Cells in the Spleen of Mice Infected with Toxoplasma gondii KI-1 Tachyzoites: Won-Hee Kim, Eun-Hee Shin, Jae-Lip Kim, Seung-Young Yu, Bong-Kwang Jung, Jong-Yil Chai; Korean J Parasitol 2010;48(4):325-329.
Published online December 16, 2010; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2010.48.4.325

Abstract
PDF

Toxoplasma gondii KI-1, a recent new isolate from Korea, shows similar pathogenicity and infectivity to mice compared to the virulent RH strain. To understand characteristics of host immunity, including immune enhancement or suppression, we investigated proliferative responses and phenotypes of spleen cells. In addition, kinetics of IFN-γ, a Th1 cytokine, was examined in BALB/c mice up to day 6 post-infection (PI). Intraperitoneal injection of mice with 10³ KI-1 tachyzoites induced significant decreases (P < 0.05) in proliferative responses of spleen cells. This occurred at days 2-6 PI even when concanavalin A (con A) was added and when stimulated with KI-1 antigen, suggesting suppression of the immunity. CD4⁺ T-cells decreased markedly at day 2 PI (P < 0.05), whereas CD8⁺ T-cells, NK cells, and macrophages did not show significant changes, except a slight, but significant, increase of CD8⁺ T-cells at day 6 PI. The capacity of splenocytes to produce IFN-γ by con A stimulation dropped significantly at days 2-6 PI. These results demonstrate that intraperitoneal injection of KI-1 tachyzoites can induce immunosuppression during the early stage of infection, as revealed by the decrease of CD4⁺ T-cells and IFN-γ.

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Infection and Immunity.2012; 80(6): 2121. CrossRef

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Case Report

Concurrent Capillaria and Heterakis Infections in Zoo Rock Partridges, Alectoris graeca: Sang-Ik Park, Sung-Shik Shin; Korean J Parasitol 2010;48(3):253-257.
Published online September 16, 2010; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2010.48.3.253

Abstract
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Two adult rock partridges raised in a city zoo were examined parasitologically and pathologically. Two distinctive eggs resembling those of Capillaria and Heterakis were detected in the feces. At necropsy, a markedly-dilated duodenum with severe catarrhal exudates, containing adult worms of Capillaria sp. and Heterakis sp. in the cecum, was observed. Male Capillaria had the cloacal aperture extended almost terminally with a small bursal lobe and an unsheathed spicule with transverse folds without spines. Female Capillaria had a vulva that was slightly prominent and slightly posterior to the union of the esophagus and intestine. The esophagus of the adult Capillaria was more than a half as long as the body in the male, but was much shorter in the female. Based on these morphological features, the capillarid nematode was identified as Capillaria obsignata. The male adult worms of Heterakis was identifiable by 2 dissimilar spicules, a unique morphological feature where the right spicule was considerably longer than the left, which is also a characteristic feature of Heterakis gallinarum. This is the first report of concurrent infections with C. obsignata and H. gallinarium in rock partridges.

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Veterinary Quarterly.2016; 36(3): 145. CrossRef

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Brief Communication

Primaquine Administration after Falciparum Malaria Treatment in Malaria Hypoendemic Areas with High Incidence of Falciparum and Vivax Mixed Infection: Pros and Cons: Polrat Wilairatana, Noppadon Tangpukdee, Shigeyuki Kano, Srivicha Krudsood; Korean J Parasitol 2010;48(2):175-177.
Published online June 17, 2010; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2010.48.2.175

Abstract
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Mixed infections of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax is high (~30%) in some malaria hypoendemic areas where the patients present with P. falciparum malaria diagnosed by microscopy. Conventional treatment of P. falciparum with concurrent chloroquine and 14 days of primaquine for all falciparum malaria patients may be useful in areas where mixed falciparum and vivax infections are high and common and also with mild or moderate G6PD deficiency in the population even with or without subpatent vivax mixed infection. It will be possibly cost-effective to reduce subsequent vivax illness if the patients have mixed vivax infection. Further study to prove this hypothesis may be warranted.

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Impact of enhanced malaria control on the competition between Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax in India
Olivia Prosper, Maia Martcheva
Mathematical Biosciences.2013; 242(1): 33. CrossRef
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Current Infectious Disease Reports.2012; 14(3): 227. CrossRef

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Case Reports

A Human Case of Hymenolepis diminuta in a Child from Eastern Sicily: Ildebrando Patamia, Elisa Cappello, Donato Castellano-Chiodo, Filippo Greco, Luciano Nigro, Bruno Cacopardo; Korean J Parasitol 2010;48(2):167-169.
Published online June 17, 2010; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2010.48.2.167

Abstract
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We report a case of Hymenolepis diminuta infection in a 2-year-old child living in a suburban area of Catania, Italy. This case was initially referred to us as Dipylidium caninum infection, which was not cured after being treated twice with mebendazole. However, by analyzing the clinical presentation and stool samples we arrived to the diagnosis of H. diminuta infection. The case presented with atypical allergic manifestations which had never been reported as clinical features of symptomatic H. diminuta infection; remittent fever with abdominal pain, diffuse cutaneous itching, transient thoracic rash, and arthromyalgias. The patient was treated with a 7-day cycle of oral niclosamide, which proved to be safe and effective. This case report emphasizes that a correct parasitological diagnosis requires adequate district laboratories and trained personnel. In addition, we recommend the importance of reporting all H. diminuta infection cases, in order to improve knowledge on epidemiology, clinical presentation, and treatment protocols.

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A Case of Probable Mixed-Infection with Clonorchis sinensis and Fasciola sp.: CT and Parasitological Findings: Tae Yun Kim, Yun-Sik Lee, Ji Hye Yun, Jeong Ju Kim, Won Hyung Choi, In Hwan Oh, Hyun Ouk Song, Jong Phil Chu; Korean J Parasitol 2010;48(2):157-160.
Published online June 17, 2010; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2010.48.2.157

Abstract
PDF

We report here a human case probably mixed-infected with Clonorchis sinensis and Fasciola sp. who was diagnosed by computed tomography (CT) scan, serological findings, and/or fecal examination. The patient was a 43-year-old Korean female and was admitted to Kyung Hee University Hospital with the complaints of fever and abdominal pain. On admission, marked eosinophilia was noted in her peripheral blood. CT scan showed specific lesions for clonorchiasis and fascioliasis in the liver, along with lesions suggestive of amebic abscess. Micro-ELISA revealed positive results for the 2 helminthic infections. Eggs of C. sinensis and trophozoites of Entamoeba histolytica were observed in the stool. Treatment with praziquantel followed by metronidazole and tinidazole reduced abnormalities in the liver and eosinophilia. This is the first case report of a possible co-infection with 2 kinds of liver flukes in the Republic of Korea.

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Original Articles

Infection Status of Hospitalized Diarrheal Patients with Gastrointestinal Protozoa, Bacteria, and Viruses in the Republic of Korea: Hyeng-Il Cheun, Shin-Hyeong Cho, Jin-Hee Lee, Yi-Young Lim, Ji-Hye Jeon, Jae-Ran Yu, Tong-Soo Kim, Won-Ja Lee, Seung-Hak Cho, Deog-Yong Lee, Mi-Seon Park, Hye-Sook Jeong, Doo-Sung Chen, Yeong-Mi Ji, Mi-Hwa Kwon; Korean J Parasitol 2010;48(2):113-120.
Published online June 17, 2010; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2010.48.2.113

Abstract
PDF

To understand protozoan, viral, and bacterial infections in diarrheal patients, we analyzed positivity and mixed-infection status with 3 protozoans, 4 viruses, and 10 bacteria in hospitalized diarrheal patients during 2004-2006 in the Republic of Korea. A total of 76,652 stool samples were collected from 96 hospitals across the nation. The positivity for protozoa, viruses, and bacteria was 129, 1,759, and 1,797 per 10,000 persons, respectively. Especially, Cryptosporidium parvum was highly mixed-infected with rotavirus among pediatric diarrheal patients (29.5 per 100 C. parvum positive cases), and Entamoeba histolytica was mixed-infected with Clostridium perfringens (10.3 per 100 E. histolytica positive cases) in protozoan-diarrheal patients. Those infected with rotavirus and C. perfringens constituted relatively high proportions among mixed infection cases from January to April. The positivity for rotavirus among viral infection for those aged ≤ 5 years was significantly higher, while C. perfringens among bacterial infection was higher for ≥ 50 years. The information for association of viral and bacterial infections with enteropathogenic protozoa in diarrheal patients may contribute to improvement of care for diarrhea as well as development of control strategies for diarrheal diseases in Korea.

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Molecular mechanisms of Shigella effector proteins: a common pathogen among diarrheic pediatric population
Ahmad Nasser, Mehrdad Mosadegh, Taher Azimi, Aref Shariati
Molecular and Cellular Pediatrics.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
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Lola Arakaki, Deanna Tollefson, Brenda Kharono, Paul K. Drain
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Wilaiwan Senghoi, Wiyada Kwanhian Klangbud
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Ali Harb, Sam Abraham, Bertha Rusdi, Tanya Laird, Mark O’Dea, Ihab Habib
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2019; 16(9): 1573. CrossRef
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Da-Won Ma, Myoung-Ro Lee, Sung-Hee Hong, Shin-Hyeong Cho, Sang-Eun Lee
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2019; 57(5): 531. CrossRef
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Young Yil Bahk, Pyo Yun Cho, Sung Kyu Ahn, Sangjung Park, Won Hwa Jheong, Yun-Kyu Park, Ho-Joon Shin, Sang-Seob Lee, Okjae Rhee, Tong-Soo Kim
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2018; 56(2): 205. CrossRef
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Miguel Romero, R. Cerritos, Cecilia Ximenez
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Soo Kyoung Choi, Youn Hee Lee, Jinhee Lee, Seon Ho Park, Mi Hee Kim, Ok-Ran Shin, Young-Seok Cho
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Korean Journal of Veterinary Research.2014; 54(4): 257. CrossRef
The First Outbreak of Giardiasis with Drinking Water in Korea
Hyeng-Il Cheun, Cheon-Hyeon Kim, Shin-Hyeong Cho, Da-Won Ma, Bo-La Goo, Mun-Su Na, Seung-Ki Youn, Won-Ja Lee
Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives.2013; 4(2): 89. CrossRef
Chemotherapeutic drugs for common parasitic diseases in Korea
Sun Huh
Journal of the Korean Medical Association.2013; 56(6): 513. CrossRef
Prevalence and characters of Entamoeba histolytica infection in Saudi infants and children admitted with diarrhea at 2 main hospitals at south Jeddah: a re-emerging serious infection with unusual presentation
Moustafa Abdelaal Hegazi, Tabarek Ahmed Patel, Basem Salama El-Deek
The Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases.2013; 17(1): 32. CrossRef
Health Risk Assessment of Cryptosporidium in Tap Water in Korea
Mok-Young Lee, Sang-Jung Park, Eun-Joo Cho, Su-Jeong Park, Sun-Hee Han, Oh-Sang Kwon
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Stephanie M. Fletcher, Damien Stark, John Harkness, John Ellis
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A Ten-year Survey ofGiardia Cystsin Drinking Water Supplies of Seoul, the Republic of Korea
Mok-Young Lee, Eun-Joo Cho, Jin-Hyo Lee, Sun-Hee Han, Yong-Sang Park
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2011; 49(1): 9. CrossRef
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Sung Hee Oh
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Darwin J. Operario, Eric Houpt
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Leon W. Nitiema, Johan Nordgren, Djeneba Ouermi, Dayeri Dianou, Alfred S. Traore, Lennart Svensson, Jacques Simpore
International Journal of Infectious Diseases.2011; 15(9): e646. CrossRef

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Immune Responses of NIH Mice Infected with Avirulent and Virulent Strains of Plasmodium chabaudi adami Single and Mixed Infections: M. J. Namazi, R. S. Phillips; Korean J Parasitol 2010;48(1):23-33.
Published online March 18, 2010; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2010.48.1.23

Abstract
PDF

An understanding of the nature of the immune response to asexual erythrocytic stages of malaria parasites will facilitate vaccine development by identifying which responses the vaccine should preferentially induce. The present study examined and compared the immune responses of NIH mice in either single or mixed infections with avirulent (DK) or virulent (DS) strains of Plasmodium chabaudi adami using the ELISA test for detecting and measurement of cytokines and antibody production. In both single and mixed infections, the study showed that both cell- and antibody-mediated responses were activated. In all experiments, an early relatively high level of IFN-γ and IgG2a during the acute phase of the infection, and later elevation of IL-4 and IgG1, suggested that there was a sequential Th1/Th2 response. However, in the avirulent DK strain infection a stronger Th1 response was observed compared to the virulent DS strain-infection or in mixed infections. In the virulent DS infection, there was a stronger Th2 response compared to that in the DK and mixed infections. The faster proliferation rate of the virulent DS strain compared to the DK strain was also evident.

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Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor: A Downregulator of Early T Cell-Dependent IFN-γ Responses in Plasmodium chabaudi adami (556 KA)-Infected Mice
Diane Tshikudi Malu, Benoit Bélanger, François Desautels, Karine Kelendji, Esther Dalko, Jaime Sanchez-Dardon, Lin Leng, Richard Bucala, Abhay R Satoskar, Tatiana Scorza
The Journal of Immunology.2011; 186(11): 6271. CrossRef

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Case Report

A Nasal Myiasis in a 76-Year-Old Female in Korea: Jae-Soo Kim, Pil-Won Seo, Jong-Wan Kim, Jai-Hyang Go, Soon-Cheol Jang, Hye-Jung Lee, Min Seo; Korean J Parasitol 2009;47(4):405-407.
Published online December 2, 2009; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2009.47.4.405

Abstract
PDF

On July 2009, 5 fly larvae were discovered inside the nose of a 76-year-old female. She was living in Cheonan-si, and in a state of coma due to rupture of an aortic aneurysm. Surgery was performed on the day of admission, and the larvae were found 4 days later. By observing their posterior spiracle, the larvae were identified as Lucilia sericata. Considering the rapid development of this species, the infection was likely acquired during hospitalization. Further investigation on the hospital environment should be needed to know the origin of the infection.

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Mini Review

Eosinophil-Mediated Tissue Inflammatory Responses in Helminth Infection: Myeong Heon Shin, Young Ah Lee, Duk-Young Min; Korean J Parasitol 2009;47(Suppl):S125.
Published online October 26, 2009; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2009.47.S.S125

Abstract
PDF

Eosinophilic leukocytes function in host protection against parasitic worms. In turn, helminthic parasites harbor specific molecules to evade or paralyze eosinophil-associated host immune responses; these molecules facilitate the migration and survival of parasitic helminths in vivo. This competition between eosinophil and worm leads to stable equilibria between them. An understanding of such dynamic host-eosinophil interactions will help us to uncover mechanisms of cross talk between host and parasite in helminth infection. In this review, we examine recent findings regarding the innate immune responses of eosinophils to helminthic parasites, and discuss the implications of these findings in terms of eosinophil-mediated tissue inflammation in helminth infection.

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Brief Communications

Decrease of Metagonimus yokogawai Endemicity along the Tamjin River Basin: Jin-Ju Lee, Hyo-Jin Kim, Min-Jae Kim, Jo Woon Yi Lee, Bong-Kwang Jung, Ji-Youn Lee, Eun-Hee Shin, Jae-Lip Kim, Jong-Yil Chai; Korean J Parasitol 2008;46(4):289-291.
Published online December 20, 2008; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2008.46.4.289

Abstract
PDF

The Tamjin River which flows from Jangheung-gun via Gangjin-gun to the South Sea was reported to be a highly endemic area of Metagonimus yokogawai infection in 1977 and 1985. However, there were no recent studies demonstrating how much change occurred in the endemicity, in terms of prevalence and worm burden, of metagonimiasis in this river basin. Thus, a small-scale epidemiological survey was carried out on some residents along the Tamjin River basin in order to determine the current status of M. yokogawai infection. A total of 48 fecal samples were collected and examined by the Kato-Katz thick smear and formalin-ether sedimentation techniques. The egg positive rate of all helminths was 50.0%, and that of M. yokogawai was 37.5%, followed by C. sinensis 22.9% and G. seoi 4.2%. To obtain the adult flukes of M. yokogawai, 6 egg positive cases were treated with praziquantel 10 mg/kg in a single dose and purged with magnesium sulfate. A total of 5,225 adult flukes (average 871 specimens per person) of M. yokogawai were collected from their diarrheic stools. Compared with the data reported in 1977 and 1985, the individual worm burdens appeared to have decreased remarkably, although the prevalence did not decrease at all. It is suggested that the endemicity of M. yokogawai infection along the Tamjin River has been reduced. To confirm this suggestion, the status of infection in snail and fish intermediate hosts should be investigated.

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Woon-Mok Sohn
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Metagonimus suifunensis sp. n. (Trematoda: Heterophyidae) from the Russian Southern Far East: Morphology, life cycle, and molecular data
P.G. Shumenko, Y.V. Tatonova, V.V. Besprozvannykh
Parasitology International.2017; 66(1): 982. CrossRef
Prevalence ofClonorchis sinensisMetacercariae in Freshwater Fish from Three Latitudinal Regions of the Korean Peninsula
Shin-Hyeong Cho, Woon-Mok Sohn, Byoung-Kuk Na, Tong-Soo Kim, Yoon Kong, Keeseon Eom, Won-Seok Seok, Taejoon Lee
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2011; 49(4): 385. CrossRef
Prevalence ofMetagonimusMetacercariae in Sweetfish,Plecoglossus altivelis, from Eastern and Southern Coastal Areas in Korea
Shin-Hyeong Cho, Tong-Soo Kim, Byoung-Kuk Na, Woon-Mok Sohn
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2011; 49(2): 161. CrossRef
Fish-borne Parasitic Diseases
Jong-Yil Chai
Hanyang Medical Reviews.2010; 30(3): 223. CrossRef
Foodborne Intestinal Flukes in Southeast Asia
Jong-Yil Chai, Eun-Hee Shin, Soon-Hyung Lee, Han-Jong Rim
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2009; 47(Suppl): S69. CrossRef

8,481 View
68 Download
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Antibody Responses in Sera of Different Mouse Strains Experimentally Infected with Neodiplostomum seoulense: Eun-Taek Han, Jun-Hu Chen, Jong-Yil Chai; Korean J Parasitol 2008;46(4):279-283.
Published online December 20, 2008; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2008.46.4.279

Abstract
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To examine humoral immune responses in the host, we measured serum antibody levels in different strains of mice (ICR, BALB/c, and C3H) experimentally infected with Neodiplostomum seoulense. Specific IgG antibody levels were increased remarkably with little difference among 3 strains of mice infected with N. seoulense from day 7 to 35 post-infection. More target proteins of adult parasites reacted with IgG at the time when the worm recovery decreased compared with other times. More than 20 protein bands, from 14 kDa to 94 kDa in size, were separated from the crude antigen of N. seoulense adults by SDS-PAGE, and among them 26, 30, 35, 43, 54, 67, and 94 kDa proteins were the major antigenic proteins. The results suggest that significant IgG antibody responses occur against N. seoulense in mice and this may be related with expulsion of worms.

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Citations to this article as recorded by

Foodborne Intestinal Flukes in Southeast Asia
Jong-Yil Chai, Eun-Hee Shin, Soon-Hyung Lee, Han-Jong Rim
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2009; 47(Suppl): S69. CrossRef

7,754 View
73 Download
Crossref

Case Reports

Periocular Dirofilariasis in a Young Woman: A Case Report: Amir Jamshidi, Mahin Jamshidi, Iraj Mobedi, Mandana Khosroara; Korean J Parasitol 2008;46(4):265-267.
Published online December 20, 2008; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2008.46.4.265

Abstract
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A case of periocular dirofilariasis has been diagnosed in Iran. A 27-yr old female referred with a history of edema and redness in the left eye since 2 wk ago. On slit lamp examination, a moving thread-like worm was seen in the subconjunctival area. Two days later, a 126 mm long, live filaria worm was extracted from the lower lid subcutaneous tissue. The worm was diagnosed as, likelihood, Dirofilaria immitis on microscopic examinations. The present case suggests that D. immitis can cause periocular infections.

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Meysam Sharifdini, Mahan Karimi, Keyhan Ashrafi, Mostafa Soleimani, Hamed Mirjalali
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Polymerase chain reaction: A novel way to detect ocular dirofilariasis
Arkaprava Pradhan, Muthusamy Raman, Jyotirmay Biswas
Indian Journal of Ophthalmology.2022; 70(7): 2620. CrossRef
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Farzad Pakdel, Hadi Ghadimi, Zohreh Nozarian, Fahimeh Asadi Amoli, Niloofar Pirmarzdashti, Morteza Karimi, Mohamad Mehrpour
Journal of Ophthalmic and Vision Research.2022; 17(4): 587. CrossRef
Lymphatic filariasis in Asia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Negar Bizhani, Saeideh Hashemi Hafshejani, Neda Mohammadi, Mehdi Rezaei, Mohammad Bagher Rokni
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Review ofDirofilariaspp. infection in humans and animals in Iran
Faham Khamesipour, Saeed Nezaratizade, Bahareh Basirpour, Bahareh Chelgerdi Dehkordi, Sana Sadat Afzal, Parya Kheyri, Shadan Shojaat, Sakineh Akbari, Seyed Hossein Hejazi
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Filarial worms: a systematic review and meta-analysis of diversity in animals from Iran with emphasis on human cases
Ezatollah Ghasemi, Sadegh Shamsinia, Ali Taghipour, Davood Anvari, Saeed Bahadory, Seyyed Ali Shariatzadeh, Bahareh Kordi, Hamidreza Majidiani, Hassan Borji, MohammadReza Chaechi Nosrati, Ali Yousefi, Morteza Shams
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Razieh Parsa, Ali Sedighi, Iraj Sharifi, Mehdi Bamorovat, Saeid Nasibi
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Majid Khanmohammadi, Reza Falak, Ahmad Reza Meamar, Elham Razmjou, Kobra Mokhtarian, Mehdi Arshadi, Nasrin Shayanfar, Lame Akhlaghi
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Hadi Mirahmadi, Alireza Maleki, Raheleh Hasanzadeh, Mohammad Bagher Ahoo, Iraj Mobedi, Ali Rostami
Parasitology International.2017; 66(1): 978. CrossRef
Human ocular onchocerciasis caused byOnchocerca lupi(Spirurida, Onchocercidae) in Iran
G. Mowlavi, F. Farzbod, A. Kheirkhah, I. Mobedi, D.D. Bowman, S.R. Naddaf
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Zoonotic helminths affecting the human eye
Domenico Otranto, Mark L Eberhard
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Baharak Akhtardanesh, Mohammad Hossein Radfar, Darioush Voosough, Nasim Darijani
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S. Teerthanath, S. Hariprasad
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Orbital Dirofilariasis in Iran: A Case Report
Sepideh Tavakolizadeh, Iraj Mobedi
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A Case of Fatal Strongyloidiasis in a Patient with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia and Molecular Characterization of the Isolate: Eshrat Beigom Kia, Hamid Reza Rahimi, Hossein Mirhendi, Mohammad Reza Nilforoushan, Ardeshir Talebi, Farzaneh Zahabiun, Hamid Kazemzadeh, Ahmad Reza Meamar; Korean J Parasitol 2008;46(4):261-263.
Published online December 20, 2008; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2008.46.4.261

Abstract
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Strongyloides stercoralis is a human intestinal parasite which may lead to complicated strongyloidiasis in immunocompromised. Here, a case of complicated strongyloidiasis in a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukemia is reported. Presence of numerous S. stercoralis larvae in feces and sputum confirmed the diagnosis of hyperinfection syndrome in this patient. Following recovery of filariform larvae from agar plate culture of the stool, the isolate was characterized for the ITS1 region of ribosomal DNA gene by nested-PCR and sequencing. Albendazole therapy did not have cure effects; and just at the beginning of taking ivermectin, the patient died. The most important clue to prevent such fatal consequences is early diagnosis and proper treatment.

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Olga C Rojas, Alexandra M Montoya, Hiram Villanueva-Lozano, Diego Carrion-Alvarez
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Fatal Disseminated Strongyloidiasis in an Immunosuppressed Patient During COVID-19 Pandemic
Eissa Soleymani, Lotfollah Davoodi, Shadi Shayesteh Azar, Seyed Reza Mirbadiei, Fatemeh Parandin, Afshin Azimi, Azadeh Mizani, Zohreh Khorshidvand, Mahdi Fakhar
Acta Parasitologica.2023; 68(3): 711. CrossRef
Molecular characterization of human isolates of Strongyloides stercoralis and Rhabditis spp. based on mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1)
Mandana Fadaei Tehrani, Meysam Sharifdini, Farzaneh Zahabiun, Robabeh Latifi, Eshrat Beigom Kia
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Strongyloidiasis in northern Vietnam: epidemiology, clinical characteristics and molecular diagnosis of the causal agent
Nguyen Van De, Pham Ngoc Minh, Le Van Duyet, Santiago Mas-Coma
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Effects of dexamethasone, cyclosporine and betamethasone on inflammatory cell recruitment in mice infected with Strongyloides venezuelensis
Eleuza R Machado, Marlene T Ueta, Rosângela Maria Rodrigues, Simone G Ramos, Virgínia Vilhena, Anna Maly de Leão e Neves Eduardo, Leandro Junio Barreto dos Reis, Raphael da Silva Affonso, Lúcia Helena Faccioli
Journal of Lung, Pulmonary & Respiratory Research.2019; 6(4): 108. CrossRef
Strongyloides stercoralis hyperinfection in an unconscious diabetic patient with dermatomyositis
Meysam Sharifdini, Aniseh Hesari, SeifAli Mahdavi, Akram Alipour, EshratBeigom Kia
Indian Journal of Pathology and Microbiology.2018; 61(1): 109. CrossRef
Strongyloidiasis Current Status with Emphasis in Diagnosis and Drug Research
Tiago Mendes, Karen Minori, Marlene Ueta, Danilo Ciccone Miguel, Silmara Marques Allegretti
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Aimee Wilkin, Elizabeth Palavecino, Richelle Guerrero-Wooley, Ernesto Aranda-Aguirre, Wencheng Li
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Reza Ghasemikhah, Mohammad Tabatabaiefar, Seyed Shariatzadeh, Abbas Shahbazi, Teymour Hazratian
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Reza Rafiei, Abdollah Rafiei, Mahmoud Rahdar, Bijan Keikhaie
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Pedro Fernández-Soto, Alicia Sánchez-Hernández, Javier Gandasegui, Cristina Bajo Santos, Julio López-Abán, José María Saugar, Esperanza Rodríguez, Belén Vicente, Antonio Muro, James S McCarthy
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Azar Shokri, Khojasteh Sharifi Sarasiabi, Saeed Hosseini Teshnizi, Hamid Mahmoodi
Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine.2012; 2(2): 88. CrossRef

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Original Article

Changing Patterns of Serum and Bile Antibodies in Re-infected Rats with Clonorchis sinensis: Hongman Zhang, Byung-Suk Chung, Shunyu Li, Min-Ho Choi, Sung-Tae Hong; Korean J Parasitol 2008;46(1):17-22.
Published online March 20, 2008; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2008.46.1.17

Abstract
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Rats develop strong resistance to re-infection and super-infection by Clonorchis sinensis. The present study investigated the antibodies present in the sera and bile juice of rats that were primary infected and re-infected with C. sinensis. The serum level of specific IgG antibodies, which were elevated 2 wk of the primary infection, peaked at 4 wk and subsequently remained unchanged even during re-infection. The total IgE level in serum increased slowly from 388 ng / ml to 3,426 ng / ml beginning 2 wk after the primary infection, and remained high up to 8 wk but dropped to a normal level (259 ng / ml) after treatment. In resistant re-infected rats, the serum IgE level increased rapidly and peaked within 1 wk, whereas no increase was observed in immunosuppressed rats. The serum level of specific IgA antibodies was elevated beginning 1 wk after infection, and decreased 4 wk after treatment. The total bile IgA level unchanged during the primary infection but increased in treated and re-infected rats. The elevated levels of serum IgE and bile IgA indicate that these immunoglobulins may be correlated with the development of resistance to re-infection by C. sinensis in rats.

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Bacillus subtilis spore with surface display of paramyosin from Clonorchis sinensis potentializes a promising oral vaccine candidate
Hengchang Sun, Zhipeng Lin, Lu Zhao, Tingjin Chen, Mei Shang, Hongye Jiang, Zeli Tang, Xinyi Zhou, Mengchen Shi, Lina Zhou, Pengli Ren, Honglin Qu, Jinsi Lin, Xuerong Li, Jin Xu, Yan Huang, Xinbing Yu
Parasites & Vectors.2018;[Epub] CrossRef
Local immune response to primary infection and re-infection by Clonorchis sinensis in FVB mice
Eun-Min Kim, Hak Sun Yu, Yan Jin, Min-Ho Choi, Young Mee Bae, Sung-Tae Hong
Parasitology International.2017; 66(4): 436. CrossRef
Virus-like particles vaccine containing Clonorchis sinensis tegumental protein induces partial protection against Clonorchis sinensis infection
Dong-Hun Lee, Ah-Ra Kim, Su-Hwa Lee, Fu-Shi Quan
Parasites & Vectors.2017;[Epub] CrossRef
Clonorchiasis
Men-Bao Qian, Jürg Utzinger, Jennifer Keiser, Xiao-Nong Zhou
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Enhanced protection against Clonorchis sinensis induced by co‐infection with Trichinella spiralis in rats
K.‐B. Chu, S.‐S. Kim, S.‐H. Lee, H.‐S. Lee, K.‐H. Joo, J.‐H. Lee, Y.‐S. Lee, S. Zheng, F.‐S. Quan
Parasite Immunology.2014; 36(10): 522. CrossRef
Systemic and local mucosal immune responses induced by orally delivered Bacillus subtilis spore expressing leucine aminopeptidase 2 of Clonorchis sinensis
Hongling Qu, Yanquan Xu, Hengchang Sun, Jinsi Lin, Jinyun Yu, Zeli Tang, Jiqing Shen, Chi Liang, Shan Li, Wenjun Chen, Xuerong Li, Zhongdao Wu, Yan Huang, Xinbing Yu
Parasitology Research.2014; 113(8): 3095. CrossRef
Clonorchis sinensis and clonorchiasis, an update
Sung-Tae Hong, Yueyi Fang
Parasitology International.2012; 61(1): 17. CrossRef
Strain variation in the susceptibility and immune response to Clonorchis sinensis infection in mice
Md. Hafiz Uddin, Shunyu Li, Young Mee Bae, Min-Ho Choi, Sung-Tae Hong
Parasitology International.2012; 61(1): 118. CrossRef

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Brief Communication

Susceptibility of experimental animals to reinfection with Clonorchis sinensis: Woon-Mok Sohn, Hongman Zhang, Min-Ho Choi, Sung-Tae Hong; Korean J Parasitol 2006;44(2):163-166.
Published online June 20, 2006; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2006.44.2.163

Abstract
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The present study observed the resistance to reinfection with Clonorchis sinensis in various experimental animals including mice, guinea pigs, rabbits, and dogs, as well as rats and hamsters. The resistance rates to reinfection in rats, mice, hamsters, guinea pigs, rabbits, and dogs were 79.7%, 58.0%, -12.6%, 54.8%, 62.6%, and 6.0%, respectively. Worms recovered from reinfected rats and mice were immature, and significantly smaller than those from the primarily infected (P < 0.01), whereas those from other animals were fully matured to adults. These findings indicate that the protective response against reinfection with C. sinensis is prominent in rats and mice, and that they may be a good animal model to investigate the mechanism of resistance to reinfection with C. sinensis.

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Sirikachorn Tangkawattana, Watcharapol Suyapoh, Nathamon Taiki, Paramin Tookampee, Ravisara Chitchak, Theerayut Thongrin, Prasarn Tangkawattana
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Luisa Magalhães, Denise S. Nogueira, Pedro H. Gazzinelli-Guimarães, Fabricio M. S. Oliveira, Lucas Kraemer, Ana Clara Gazzinelli-Guimarães, Flaviane Vieira-Santos, Ricardo T. Fujiwara, Lilian L. Bueno
Parasitology.2021; 148(14): 1764. CrossRef
High-quality reference genome for Clonorchis sinensis
Neil D. Young, Andreas J. Stroehlein, Liina Kinkar, Tao Wang, Woon-Mok Sohn, Bill C.H. Chang, Parwinder Kaur, David Weisz, Olga Dudchenko, Erez Lieberman Aiden, Pasi K. Korhonen, Robin B. Gasser
Genomics.2021; 113(3): 1605. CrossRef
First record of a tandem-repeat region within the mitochondrial genome of Clonorchis sinensis using a long-read sequencing approach
Liina Kinkar, Neil D. Young, Woon-Mok Sohn, Andreas J. Stroehlein, Pasi K. Korhonen, Robin B. Gasser, Stephen W. Attwood
PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases.2020; 14(8): e0008552. CrossRef
Perturbations of Metabolomic Profiling of Spleen From Rats Infected With Clonorchis sinensis Determined by LC-MS/MS Method
Xiaoli Zhang, Xinyi Hu, Rui Chen, Beibei Sun, Yannan Gao, Shanshan Duan, Liyan Liu, Su Han
Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Improved genomic resources and new bioinformatic workflow for the carcinogenic parasite Clonorchis sinensis: Biotechnological implications
Daxi Wang, Pasi K. Korhonen, Robin B. Gasser, Neil D. Young
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Local immune response to primary infection and re-infection by Clonorchis sinensis in FVB mice
Eun-Min Kim, Hak Sun Yu, Yan Jin, Min-Ho Choi, Young Mee Bae, Sung-Tae Hong
Parasitology International.2017; 66(4): 436. CrossRef
Mitochondrial genomic comparison of Clonorchis sinensis from South Korea with other isolates of this species
Daxi Wang, Neil D. Young, Anson V. Koehler, Patrick Tan, Woon-Mok Sohn, Pasi K. Korhonen, Robin B. Gasser
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Multiple Exposures to Ascaris suum Induce Tissue Injury and Mixed Th2/Th17 Immune Response in Mice
Denise Silva Nogueira, Pedro Henrique Gazzinelli-Guimarães, Fernando Sérgio Barbosa, Nathália Maria Resende, Caroline Cavalcanti Silva, Luciana Maria de Oliveira, Chiara Cássia Oliveira Amorim, Fabrício Marcus Silva Oliveira, Matheus Silvério Mattos, Luca
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Pathological Lesions and Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase Expressions in the Liver of Mice Experimentally Infected with Clonorchis sinensis
Qing-Li Yang, Ji-Qing Shen, Yan Xue, Xiao-Bing Cheng, Zhi-Hua Jiang, Yi-Chao Yang, Ying-Dan Chen, Xiao-Nong Zhou
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2015; 53(6): 777. CrossRef
Clonorchis sinensis and clonorchiasis, an update
Sung-Tae Hong, Yueyi Fang
Parasitology International.2012; 61(1): 17. CrossRef
Strain variation in the susceptibility and immune response to Clonorchis sinensis infection in mice
Md. Hafiz Uddin, Shunyu Li, Young Mee Bae, Min-Ho Choi, Sung-Tae Hong
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Unlocking the Transcriptomes of Two Carcinogenic Parasites, Clonorchis sinensis and Opisthorchis viverrini
Neil D. Young, Bronwyn E. Campbell, Ross S. Hall, Aaron R. Jex, Cinzia Cantacessi, Thewarach Laha, Woon-Mok Sohn, Banchob Sripa, Alex Loukas, Paul J. Brindley, Robin B. Gasser, Malcolm K. Jones
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Shunyu Li, Sung-Jong Hong, Min-Ho Choi, Sung-Tae Hong
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Xiaoyun Wang, Chi Liang, Wenjun Chen, Yongxiu Fan, Xuchu Hu, Jin Xu, Xinbing Yu
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The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2008; 46(1): 17. CrossRef
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Parasitology Research.2008; 103(2): 393. CrossRef
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