Parasites, Hosts and Diseases

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Original Articles

Evaluation of the diagnostic reliability of the gill-based Ray’s fluid thioglycollate medium assay for Perkinsus olseni infections in Manila clams (Ruditapes philippinarum) across Korean tidal flats: Young-Ghan Cho, Kajino Nobuhisa, Hee Jung Choi, Mun-Gyeong Kwon, Hyun-Sung Yang, Kwang-Sik Choi; Parasites Hosts Dis 2025;63(2):157-167.
Published online May 26, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/PHD.25014

The alveolate protozoan parasite Perkinsus olseni infects a range of marine bivalves inhabiting tidal flats and shallow subtidal zones, causing considerable damage to shellfish industries. Infection by P. olseni is typically assessed using Ray’s fluid thioglycollate medium (RFTM) assay, with gill tissue often employed as a diagnostic proxy for whole-body infection. However, the diagnostic reliability of gill-based assays across diverse ecological settings—particularly under low-infection conditions—remains uncertain. In this study, we investigated tissue-specific distribution and the diagnostic performance of the RFTM assay in detecting P. olseni in Manila clams (Ruditapes philippinarum) collected from 6 tidal flats along Korea’s west and south coast. The assay was applied to 6 different tissues, including gills and visceral mass. Infection prevalence reached 100% at most sites, except at Padori (90%). Whole-body infection intensity ranged from 0.1×10⁴ to 3.7×10⁶ cells per gram of tissue. The visceral mass consistently harbored the largest proportion of parasites (27.8%–49.0%), followed by the mantle (17.4%–30.6%) and gills (19.4%–25.2%). Gill infection levels correlated strongly with whole-body infection intensity (r²=0.6–0.95), supporting their diagnostic value in high-infection areas. However, at Padori—where infection levels were lowest—the efficacy of the gill assay dropped to 56%, resulting in a 44% false negative rate. These results underscore the limitations of relying solely on gill tissue in low-infection environments and highlight the need for a context-dependent diagnostic approach. A dual-tissue strategy incorporating both gill and whole-body samples is recommended to improve diagnostic accuracy in P. olseni surveillance of Manila clam populations.

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First report of mass mortality event caused by Eomarteilia granula in Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum reared in subtidal and bottom cages on the south coast of Korea
Hye-Mi Lee, Hyun-Sil Kang, Nobuhisa Kajino, Hyun-Ki Hong, Young-Ghan Cho, Kwang-Sik Choi
Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science.2025; 323: 109408. CrossRef

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Establishing a Cre/loxP-based genetic manipulation system for Acanthamoeba: Targeted genome editing and stable reporter expression: Ja Moon Aung, So-Young Joo, Byoung-Kuk Na, Seunghyeok Bang, Minsang Shin, Youn-Kyoung Goo, Yeonchul Hong; Parasites Hosts Dis 2025;63(1):25-36.
Published online February 25, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/PHD.24078

Acanthamoeba is an opportunistic pathogen responsible for granulomatous amoebic encephalitis and amoebic keratitis. Despite its clinical significance, effective treatments remain challenging due to a limited understanding of its pathogenic mechanism. This study developed a genetic manipulation system in Acanthamoeba to facilitate gene function and drug screening studies. We applied the Cre/loxP system to integrate the gene encoding the tdTomato fluorescent protein into the genome of Acanthamoeba castellanii via homologous recombination. The polyubiquitin gene and its untranslated regions were identified and verified, after which the tdTomato gene was cloned between the untranslated regions of the polyubiquitin gene. The construct was then introduced into the Acanthamoeba genome using a modified pLPBLP vector containing loxP sites. Cre recombinase was utilized to remove the neomycin resistance cassette flanked by loxP sites, and genetically modified cells were selected by clonal dilution. The integration of the tdTomato gene, confirmed through PCR and fluorescence microscopy, showed stable expression in both trophozoites and cysts without the need for antibiotic selection. We demonstrated the feasibility of antibiotic-free reporter gene expression in Acanthamoeba. The system provides a valuable tool for functional genomics, allowing us to explore gene functions in Acanthamoeba and develop reliable drug screening models. Furthermore, the ability to express genes without the continuous use of selection markers opens up new possibilities for studying the pathobiology of this pathogen and advancing the development of novel therapeutic strategies against Acanthamoeba infections.

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CysLT receptor-mediated NOX2 activation is required for IL-8 production in HMC-1 cells induced by Trichomonas vaginalis-derived secretory products: Young Ah Lee, Myeong Heon Shin; Parasites Hosts Dis 2024;62(3):270-280.
Published online August 26, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/PHD.24046

Abstract
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Trichomoniasis is caused by a sexually transmitted flagellate protozoan parasite Trichomonas vaginalis. T. vaginalis-derived secretory products (TvSP) contain lipid mediators such as leukotriene B₄ (LTB₄) and various cysteinyl leukotrienes (CysLTs) which included LTC₄, LTD₄, and LTE₄. However, the signaling mechanisms by which T. vaginalis-induced CysLTs stimulate interleukin (IL)-8 production in human mast cells remain unclear. In this study, we investigated these mechanisms in human mast cells (HMC-1). Stimulation with TvSP resulted in increased intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2) activation compared to unstimulated cells. Pre-treatment with NOX2 inhibitors such as diphenyleneiodonium chloride (DPI) or apocynin significantly reduced ROS production in TvSP-stimulated HMC-1 cells. Additionally, TvSP stimulation increased NOX2 protein expression and the translocation of p47^phox from the cytosol to the membrane. Pretreatment of HMC-1 cells with PI3K or PKC inhibitors reduced TvSP-induced p47^phox translocation and ROS generation. Furthermore, NOX2 inhibitors or NOX2 siRNA prevented CREB phosphorylation and IL-8 gene expression or protein secretion induced by TvSP. Pretreatment with a CysLTR antagonist significantly inhibited TvSP-induced ROS production, CREB phosphorylation, and IL-8 production. These results indicate that CysLT-mediated activation of NOX2 plays a crucial role in ROS-dependent IL-8 production in human mast cells stimulated by T. vaginalis-secreted CysLTs. These findings enhance our understanding of the inflammatory response in trichomoniasis and may inform the development of targeted therapies to mitigate this response.

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Untargeted metabolomics reveals postoperative metabolic dynamics in hepatic cystic echinococcosis patients
Kahaer Tuerxun, Abudouxikuer Abudoumijiti, Zainuer Yusupu, Rousitaimujiang Yimamu, Ronghua Tang, Ziru Wang, Abudoukeyimu Yasheng, Irshat Ibrahim, Yuanquan Wu
Immunobiology.2025; 230(4): 153099. CrossRef
Radical-induced lipid oxidation produces a torrent of leukotriene-like agonists in severe asthma
Si-Yang Liu, Mikhail Linetsky, Abby Hite, Yu-Shiuan Cheng, Masaru Miyagi, Serena C. Zhu, Hong Zeng, Siqi Huang, Myra Qin, Emma Sintic, Carolyn M. Koutures, Abigail Meneses, Olivia R. Laniak, Sailaja Paruchuri, Lakshminarayan R. Teegala, Kaixi Cui, Fariba
Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef

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Mini Reviews

Sparganosis in the Indian Sub-continent and the Middle East: Yukifumi Nawa, Mio Tanaka, Masahide Yoshikawa; Parasites Hosts Dis 2024;62(3):263-269.
Published online August 26, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/PHD.23126

Abstract
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Sparganosis is one of the common zoonotic diseases caused by infection with the larval plerocercoids (spargana) of the cestode genus Spirometra. While this parasite distributes globally in canine and feline hosts, human infection is predominantly reported in East Asia, especially China, Korea, Japan, and Thailand. Maybe related to the behavior and food culture, this zoonotic disease is rather rare in South Asia to the Middle East. In these areas, sporadic case reports have been appeared mostly in the local medical journals. To draw a solid picture of sparganosis in these non-endemic areas of Asia, we made an extensive literature survey to gather sparganosis cases in the Indian subcontinent and the Middle East.

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Case report: Sparganosis in Minervarya pierrei (Dubois, 1975) (Amphibia: Anura: Dicroglossidae), a new host from India
Neelanjana Saha, Sudheer Kumar Jena, Oindrila Paul, Suman Das, Upasana Bhattacharya, Anjum N. Rizvi, Pratyush P. Mohapatra
Journal of Parasitic Diseases.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Deciphering the global genetic structure of Spirometra mansoni and S. erinaceieuropaei based on 28S ribosomal RNA: Insights into taxonomical revaluation and population dynamics
Anil Kumar Nehra, Rasmita Panda, Prem Sagar Maurya, Ansu Kumari, Aman Dev Moudgil
Parasitology Research.2025;[Epub] CrossRef

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Dipylidiasis cases in Japan–an update by literature survey: Yukifumi Nawa, Akinori Furusawa, Mio Tanaka, Masahide Yoshikawa; Parasites Hosts Dis 2024;62(2):163-168.
Published online May 27, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/PHD.23118

Abstract
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Dipylidium caninum is a cosmopolitan parasite of companion animals such as dogs and cats. Accidental infection in humans occur mostly in children. Although considerable number of cases were reported from Europe and the Americas, case reports of this zoonotic disease are rather scarce from Asian countries. The aim of this study is to report the results of literature survey on dipylidiasis cases in humans in Japan. Conclusively, we have found a total of 17 cases since the first case report in from Aichi Prefecture in 1925.

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Case Reports

A case of vocal cord gnathostomiasis diagnosed with sectional morphologies in a histopathological specimen from a Chinese woman living in Korea: Doo Sik Park, Eun Hyun Cho, Kyung Hoon Park, Soo Min Jo, Bumjung Park, Sun Huh; Parasites Hosts Dis 2023;61(3):298-303.
Published online August 21, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/PHD.23065

Abstract
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This study aimed to describe a rare case of gnathostomiasis in the vocal cord. A 54-year-old Chinese woman living in Korea visited with a chief complaint of voice change at the outpatient department of otorhinolaryngology in Hallym Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University on August 2, 2021. She had eaten raw conger a few weeks before the voice change developed, but her medical history and physical examinations demonstrated neither gastrointestinal symptoms nor other health problems. A round and red cystic lesion, recognized in the anterior part of the right vocal cord, was removed using forceps and scissors through laryngeal microsurgery. The histopathological specimen of the cyst revealed 3 cross-sections of a nematode larva in the lumen of the cyst wall composed of inflammatory cells and fibrotic tissues. They differ in diameter, from 190 μm to 235 μm. They showed characteristic cuticular layers with tegumental spines, somatic muscle layers, and gastrointestinal tracts such as the esophagus and intestine. Notably, intestinal sections consisted of 27-28 lining cells containing 0-4 nuclei per cell. We tentatively identified the nematode larva recovered from the vocal cord cystic lesion as the third-stage larva of Gnathostoma, probably G. nipponicum or G. hispidum, based on the sectional morphologies.

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Imported parasitic diseases in the Republic of Korea: status and issues
Jong-Yil Chai
Journal of the Korean Medical Association.2025; 68(1): 52. CrossRef
Zoonotic Agents in Farmed Fish: A Systematic Review from the Interdisciplinary Perspective of the One Health Concept
Juliana Rosa Carrijo Mauad, Marcelo Corrêa da Silva, Carolina Marques Costa Araújo, Rosilda Mara Mussury Franco Silva, Silvia Morales de Queiroz Caleman, Márcia Regina Russo
Veterinary Sciences.2025; 12(5): 437. CrossRef

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Imported human babesiosis in the Republic of Korea, 2019: two case reports: Hyun Jung Kim, Min Jae Kim, Hyun-Il Shin, Jung-Won Ju, Hee-Il Lee; Parasites Hosts Dis 2023;61(1):72-77.
Published online February 22, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/PHD.22168

Abstract
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Human babesiosis is a tick-borne disease induced by the genus Babesia and has been significantly reported in the Republic of Korea. This report shows the cases of 2 patients with human babesiosis who traveled to the USA in 2019. The 2 patients experienced fever and had travel histories to babesiosis-endemic regions. The diagnoses of both cases were verified by the identification of Babesia-infected red blood cells on blood smears. One patient was found to be infected with Babesia microti using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for 18S rRNA, which discovered the phylogenetic link to the B. microti strain endemic in the USA. The 2 patients recovered from fever with subsequent hemoparasite clearance. Babesiosis could be diagnosed in anyone with histories of travel to babesiosis-endemic countries and tick bites. Furthermore, Babesia-specific PCR is required for determining geno-and phenotypic characteristics.

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Imported parasitic diseases in the Republic of Korea: status and issues
Jong-Yil Chai
Journal of the Korean Medical Association.2025; 68(1): 52. CrossRef
Nationwide investigation of eukaryotic pathogens in ticks from cattle and sheep in Kyrgyzstan using metabarcoding
Singeun Oh, Nathalie Amvongo-Adjia, Hyun Jung Kim, Jun Ho Choi, Xavier Chavarria, Myung-hee Yi, Arwa Shatta, Bekbolsun Aknazarov, Ju Yeong Kim, Jung-Won Ju, Bekir Oguz
PLOS One.2025; 20(8): e0327953. CrossRef
Detection of US and Kobe‐type Babesia microti in ticks collected from small mammals of the Republic of Korea
Tae Yun Kim, Seong Yoon Kim, Jiye Seo, Hee IL Lee, Wook‐Gyo Lee, Hyunwoo Kim
Entomological Research.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Human Babesia odocoilei and Bartonella spp. co-infections in the Americas
Ricardo G. Maggi, Ana Cláudia Calchi, Charlotte O. Moore, Emily Kingston, Edward B. Breitschwerdt
Parasites & Vectors.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Development of Multiplex Assays for the Identification of Zoonotic Babesia Species
Ana Cláudia Calchi, Charlotte O. Moore, Lillianne Bartone, Emily Kingston, Marcos Rogério André, Edward B. Breitschwerdt, Ricardo G. Maggi
Pathogens.2024; 13(12): 1094. CrossRef

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Original Article

Babeisa duncani infection alters gut microbiota profile in hamsters: Shangdi Zhang, Jinming Wang, Xiaoyun Li, Yanbo Wang, Yueli Nian, Chongge You, Dekui Zhang, Guiquan Guan; Parasites Hosts Dis 2023;61(1):42-52.
Published online February 22, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/PHD.22142

The genus Babesia includes parasites that can induce human and animal babesiosis, which are common in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. The gut microbiota has not been examined in hamsters infected by Babesia duncani. Red blood cells infected with B. duncani were injected into hamsters through intraperitoneal route. To evaluate the changes in gut microbiota, DNAs were extracted from small intestinal contents, acquired from hamsters during disease development. Then, the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene of bacteria was sequenced using the Illumina sequencing platform. Gut microbiota alternation and composition were assessed according to the sequencing data, which were clustered with >97.0% sequence similarity to create amplicon sequence variants (ASVs). Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes were made up of the major components of the gut microbiota in all samples. The abundance of Bacteroidetes elevated after B. duncani infection than the B. duncani-free group, while Firmicutes and Desulfobacterota declined. Alpha diversity analysis demonstrated that the shown ASVs were substantially decreased in the highest parasitemia group than B. duncani-free and lower parasitemia groups. Potential biomarkers were discovered by Linear discriminant analysis Effect Size (LEfSe) analysis, which demonstrated that several bacterial families (including Muribaculaceae, Desulfovibrionaceae, Oscillospiraceae, Helicobacteraceae, Clostridia UGG014, Desulfovibrionaceae, and Lachnospiraceae) were potential biomarkers in B. duncani-infected hamsters. This research demonstrated that B. duncani infectious can modify the gut microbiota of hamsters.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Nationwide investigation of eukaryotic pathogens in ticks from cattle and sheep in Kyrgyzstan using metabarcoding
Singeun Oh, Nathalie Amvongo-Adjia, Hyun Jung Kim, Jun Ho Choi, Xavier Chavarria, Myung-hee Yi, Arwa Shatta, Bekbolsun Aknazarov, Ju Yeong Kim, Jung-Won Ju, Bekir Oguz
PLOS One.2025; 20(8): e0327953. CrossRef
Eimeria infections of plateau pika altered the patterns of temporal alterations in gut bacterial communities
Maoping Li, Suqin Wang, Liang Zhong, Petr Heděnec, Zhaoxian Tan, Rong Wang, Xinyang Chen, Yan Zhang, Bingmin Tang, Huakun Zhou, Jiapeng Qu
Frontiers in Microbiology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Atractylenolide-I Alleviates Hyperglycemia-Induced Heart Developmental Malformations through Direct and Indirect Modulation of the STAT3 Pathway
Mengwei Wang, Tong-hua Zhang, Yunjin Li, Xiaofeng Chen, Qiongyin Zhang, Ying Zheng, Denglu Long, Xin Cheng, An Hong, Xuesong Yang, Guang Wang
Phytomedicine.2024; 129: 155698. CrossRef
Qi Huang Fang improves intestinal barrier function and intestinal microbes in septic mice through NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated cellular pyroptosis
Tingting Shu, Jun Zhang, Ruiying Hu, Fang Zhou, Hanyong Li, Jing Liu, Yanbo Fan, Xucheng Li, Peiwu Ding
Transplant Immunology.2024; 85: 102072. CrossRef

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Mini Review

Leishmania Vaccines: the Current Situation with Its Promising Aspect for the Future: Rasit Dinc; Korean J Parasitol 2022;60(6):379-391.
Published online December 22, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2022.60.6.379

Abstract
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Leishmaniasis is a serious parasitic disease caused by Leishmania spp. transmitted through sandfly bites. This disease is a major public health concern worldwide. It can occur in 3 different clinical forms: cutaneous, mucocutaneous, and visceral Leishmaniasis (CL, MCL, and VL, respectively), caused by different Leishmania spp. Currently, licensed vaccines are unavailable for the treatment of human Leishmaniasis. The treatment and prevention of this disease rely mainly on chemotherapeutics, which are highly toxic and have an increasing resistance problem. The development of a safe, effective, and affordable vaccine for all forms of vector-borne disease is urgently needed to block transmission of the parasite between the host and vector. Immunological mechanisms in the pathogenesis of Leishmaniasis are complex. IL-12-driven Th1-type immune response plays a crucial role in host protection. The essential purpose of vaccination is to establish a protective immune response. To date, numerous vaccine studies have been conducted using live/attenuated/killed parasites, fractionated parasites, subunits, recombinant or DNA technology, delivery systems, and chimeric peptides. Most of these studies were limited to animals. In addition, standardization has not been achieved in these studies due to the differences in the virulence dynamics of the Leishmania spp. and the feasibility of the adjuvants. More studies are needed to develop a safe and effective vaccine, which is the most promising approach against Leishmania infection.

Citations

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Identification of novel anti‐leishmanials targeting glutathione synthetase of the parasite: a drug repurposing approach
Manash Sarma, Kushal Bora, Preeti Ranjan, Vikash Kumar Dubey
FEBS Letters.2025; 599(3): 367. CrossRef
Molecular Mechanisms of Cell Death in Leishmania donovani Induced by Selected Steroidal Alkaloids
Naveena Menpadi, Pranjal Chandra, Vikash Kumar Dubey
Journal of Basic Microbiology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Key Facets for the Elimination of Vector-Borne Diseases Filariasis, Leishmaniasis, and Malaria
Rini Chaturvedi, Amit Sharma
ACS Infectious Diseases.2025; 11(2): 287. CrossRef
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André B. B. Wilke, Priscilla Farina, Marco Ajelli, Angelo Canale, Filipe Dantas-Torres, Domenico Otranto, Giovanni Benelli
Parasites & Vectors.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Vaccines in Dermatology—Present and Future: A Review
Eyan Goh, Jean-Marc Chavatte, Raymond T. P. Lin, Lisa F. P. Ng, Laurent Rénia, Hazel H. Oon
Vaccines.2025; 13(2): 125. CrossRef
Structure‐based Virtual Screening and Drug Design Development of Leishmanicidal Pyrimidines
Gerliny Bezerra de Oliveira, Érick Caique Santos Costa, Zenaide Severina do Monte, Gleybson Correia de Almeida, Emerson Peter da Silva Falcão, Luciana Scotti, Marcus Tullius Scotti, Ricardo Oliveira Silva, Daniele Santana de Sousa Oliveira, Policarpo Adem
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Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
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Jyoti Gupta, Yukta Menon, Subodh Kumar, Chakresh Kumar Jain
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Janice Kim, Tarek Zieneldien, Sophia Ma, Bernard A. Cohen
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Harsimran Kaur Brar, Eleanor Chen, Fabian Chang, Shawna Angel Lu, Dilraj Kaur Longowal, Kyung-Mee Moon, Leonard J. Foster, Neil Reiner, Devki Nandan, Filomena de Nigris
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Omar Hashim, Isabelle Dimier-Poisson
Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal.2025; 27: 2386. CrossRef
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Vivek P. Chavda, Suneetha Vuppu, Toshika Mishra, Nikita Sharma, Sathvika Kamaraj, Shatakshi Mishra, Bhumi Sureshbhai, John Matsoukas, Vasso Apostolopoulos
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Isis Pérez-Concepción, Iván Corona Guerrero, Angela Corina Hayano Kanashiro, Nohemí Gámez Meza, Armando Tejeda-Mansir
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Hyeseon Cho, Andrea Paun, Youngsil Seo, Sang Hun Lee, Maria Traver, Ming Zhao, Jeff Skinner, Joshua Tan, David L Sacks, Peter D Crompton
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André Zaidan Martins, Ana Laura Grossi de Oliveira, Lilian Lacerda Bueno, Fabrício Marcus Silva Oliveira, Ricardo Toshio Fujiwara
Acta Tropica.2025; 270: 107796. CrossRef
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Lauren Van den Broeck, Raquel Silva de Azevedo, Ludmila Ferreira de Almeida Fiuza, Marcos Meuser Batista, Cynthia Machado Cascabulho, Ewout Van de Velde, Serge Van Calenbergh, Guy Caljon, Maria de Nazaré Correia Soeiro
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Satabdi Saha, Sahina Laskar, Seshan Gunalan, Gugan Kothandan, Diwakar Kumar
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Olivia Battistoni, Ryan H. Huston, Chaitenya Verma, Thalia Pacheco-Fernandez, Sara Abul-Khoudoud, Alison Campbell, Abhay R. Satoskar
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Panagiota Tsafrakidou, Arsen Gkektsian, Michael Miaoulis, Lee W. Cohnstaedt, Alexandra Chaskopoulou
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Vaccines.2025; 13(11): 1082. CrossRef
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Daniela E. Barraza, Emilse N. Araoz, María A. Occhionero, Daniela A. Gaspar, Eliana G. Guevara, María E. Vázquez, Brenda A. Zabala, Paola A. Barroso, Cecilia Pérez Brandán, Carlos J. Minahk, Leonardo Acuña
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Héctor Serrano-Coll, Lucero Katherine Aristizábal Parra, Graciela Olarte, Carolina Salamanca-Leguizamón
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CRISPR-Cas13b mediated gene knockdowns in Leishmania infantum
Marine Queffeulou, Raouia Fakhfakh, Fereshteh Fani, Alex Dos Santos, Gabriel Reis Ferreira, Sophia Bigot, Chantal Godin, Philippe Leprohon, Barbara Papadopoulou, Marc Ouellette
International Journal for Parasitology: Drugs and Drug Resistance.2025; : 100629. CrossRef
Memory T cells: promising biomarkers for evaluating protection and vaccine efficacy against leishmaniasis
Mahmoud Nateghi-Rostami, Yahya Sohrabi
Frontiers in Immunology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
GSK-3 kinase a putative therapeutic target in trypanosomatid parasites
Alfredo Prado Diaz, Cristian Alejandro Meneses Canal, Alvaro José Valdés, Jaider Elian Giraldo Delgado, RE Varela-M
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Live attenuated-nonpathogenic Leishmania and DNA structures as promising vaccine platforms against leishmaniasis: innovations can make waves
Negar Seyed, Tahereh Taheri, Sima Rafati
Frontiers in Microbiology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Dual Antitubercular and Antileishmanial Profiles of Quinoxaline Di-N-Oxides Containing an Amino Acidic Side Chain
Juan F. González, María-Auxiliadora Dea-Ayuela, Lena Huck, José María Orduña, Francisco Bolás-Fernández, Elena de la Cuesta, Nazia Haseen, Ashraf Ali Mohammed, J. Carlos Menéndez
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ACS Infectious Diseases.2024; 10(9): 3289. CrossRef
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Laura Dirkx, Marlotte Loyens, Sara I. Van Acker, Dimitri Bulté, Mathieu Claes, Magdalena Radwanska, Stefan Magez, Guy Caljon
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Original Article

Malaria Endemicity in the Rural Communities of Ebonyi State, Nigeria: David Ekene Nwele, Ikechukwu Oliver Onyali, Milliam Okwudili Iwueze, Michael Okpara Elom, Ogbonna Elom Sabastian Uguru; Korean J Parasitol 2022;60(3):173-179.
Published online June 30, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2022.60.3.173

Abstract
PDF

Malaria remains a global health threat. Approximately 97% of the population is at risk in sub-Saharan countries, particularly Nigeria. This study compared the performance of 2 diagnostic methods in assessing malaria endemicity in the rural communities of Ebonyi State, Nigeria. A total of 1,140 study participants were screened for malaria parasite using Rapid Diagnostic Test kits (RDT) in the field, while thick and thin films for microscopy were examined in the laboratory. Our result showed that malaria prevalence was 56.8 by RDT and 38.6% by microscopic test. Age group under 10 years had the highest prevalence of 28.9% (RDT) and 23.6% (microscopy), respectively. The highest prevalence of 19.5% by RDT was recorded in Onicha Local Government Area, while the highest prevalence of 13.4% with microscopy was recorded in Ezza North Local Government Area. The sensitivity and specificity of microscopic examination were both 100%, while those of RDT were 95.5% and 75.9%, respectively.

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Romaric Nzoumbou-Boko, Mireille Cornelia Ingrid Denissio Morissi Nalingbo, Brice Martial Yambiyo, Roger Detol, Ermeland Moussa, Didita Nalinga, Lydie Joella-Venus de la Grace Namsenei-Dankpea, Alexandre Manirakiza, Lawrence Ayong, Yap Boum
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Ectoparasite species diversity and prevalence in pigs (Sus scrofa domesticus) within delta central senatorial district, Delta State, Nigeria

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Case Report

A Case of Human Hepatic Alveolar Echinococcosis Accompanied by Lung and Brain Metastases: Chuanchuan Liu, Haining Fan, Ri-li Ge; Korean J Parasitol 2021;59(3):291-296.
Published online June 21, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2021.59.3.291

Alveolar echinococcosis (AE) is considered as a fatal zoonosis caused by the larvae of Echinococcus multilocularis. The lungs and brain are the most common metastatic organs. We report a human case of hepatic alveolar echinococcosis accompanied by lung and brain metastasis. In particular, the patient had a history of tuberculosis and the lung lesions were easily misdiagnosed as lung abscesses. The lesions of liver and lung underwent radical resection and confirmed as alveolar echinococcosis by pathological examination. The patient had no surgical complications after operation and was discharged after symptomatic treatment. Unfortunately, the patient later developed multiple intracerebral AE metastases. We required the patient to take albendazole orally for life and follow up.

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Original Article

Prevalence and Infection Intensity of Zoonotic Trematode Metacercariae in Fish from Soyang-cheon (Stream), in Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Korea: Woon-Mok Sohn, Byoung-Kuk Na, Shin-Hyeong Cho, Jung-Won Ju, Cheon-Hyeon Kim, Min-Ah Hwang, Kyeong-Woo No, Jong-Ho Park; Korean J Parasitol 2021;59(3):265-271.
Published online June 21, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2021.59.3.265

We surveyed on the infection status of zoonotic trematode metacercariae (ZTM) in freshwater fishes from Soyang-cheon (a branch stream of Mangyeong-gang) in Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, the Republic of Korea. A total of 927 fishes were individually examined with the artificial digestion method during 2013-2015 (462 fish in 15 spp.) and 2018-2019 (465 fish in 25 spp.). Clonorchis sinensis metacercariae were detected in 207 (31.4%) out of 659 fishes in 14 positive fish species (PFS), and their mean intensity was 114 per fish infected (PFI). Metagonimus spp. metacercariae were found in 302 (37.4%) out of 808 fishes in 21 PFS, and their mean intensity was 12 PFI. Centrocestus armatus metacercariae were detected in 222 (59.0%) out of 376 fishes in 12 PFS, and their mean intensity was 383 PFI. Echinostoma spp. metacercariae were found in 139 (22.1%) out of 628 fishes in 10 PFS, and their mean intensity was 7 PFI. Clinostomum complanatum metacercariae were detected in 14 (6.5%) out of 214 fishes in 4 PFS, and their mean intensity was 2.4 PFI. Metorchis orientalis metacercariae were detected in 36 (13.5%) out of 267 fishes in 5 PFS, and their mean intensity was 4.3 PFI. Conclusively, the prevalence and infection intensity of ZTM is generally not so high in fishes from Soyang-cheon. However, those of C. sinensis metacercariae are more or less higher in 2 fish species, Pungtungia herzi and Sarcocheilichthys variegatus wakiyae.

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Advanced genomic research in understanding fish-borne zoonotic parasitic infection
Sk Injamamul Islam, Piyanan Taweethavonsawat
Microbial Pathogenesis.2025; 200: 107367. CrossRef
Infection characteristics of Metagonimus species (Digenea: Heterophyidae) metacercariae in fish from major rivers of Korea
Woon-Mok Sohn
Parasites, Hosts and Diseases.2024; 62(1): 1. CrossRef
Prevalence and species identification of trematode metacercariae in Qiqihar, Northeast China
Fengyu Zhang, Jianke Li, Shaocheng Zhang, Ting Chen, Hao Zhang
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EFSA Journal.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Infection Characteristics of Clonorchis sinensis Metacercariae in Fish from Republic of Korea
Woon-Mok Sohn
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2022; 60(2): 79. CrossRef
Zoonotic diseases of fish and their prevention and control
Mina Ziarati, Mohammad Jalil Zorriehzahra, Fatemeh Hassantabar, Zibandeh Mehrabi, Manish Dhawan, Khan Sharun, Talha Bin Emran, Kuldeep Dhama, Wanpen Chaicumpa, Shokoofeh Shamsi
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Current status of Clonorchis sinensis and clonorchiasis in Korea: epidemiological perspectives integrating the data from human and intermediate hosts
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Parasitology.2022; 149(10): 1296. CrossRef
Survey of Zoonotic Trematode Metacercariae in Fish from Irrigation Canal of Togyo-jeosuji (Reservoir) in Cheorwon-gun, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
Woon-Mok Sohn, Byoung-Kuk Na, Shin-Hyeong Cho, Hee Il Lee, Jung-Won Ju, Myoung-Ro Lee, Eun-Joo Lim, Sung Yong Son, Eunmi Ko, Jaeseok Choi
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2021; 59(4): 427. CrossRef

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Brief Communications

Agglutination Activity of Fasciola gigantica DM9-1, a Mannose-Binding Lectin: Wansika Phadungsil, Rudi Grams; Korean J Parasitol 2021;59(2):173-178.
Published online April 22, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2021.59.2.173

Abstract
PDF

The DM9 domain is a protein unit of 60-75 amino acids that has been first detected in the fruit fly Drosophila as a repeated motif of unknown function. Recent research on proteins carrying DM9 domains in the mosquito Anopheles gambiae and the oyster Crassostrea gigas indicated an association with the uptake of microbial organisms. Likewise, in the trematode Fasciola gigantica DM9-1 showed intracellular relocalization following microbial, heat and drug stress. In the present research, we show that FgDM9-1 is a lectin with a novel mannose-binding site that has been recently described for the protein CGL1 of Crassostrea gigas. This property allowed FgDM9-1 to agglutinate gram-positive and -negative bacteria with appropriate cell surface glycosylation patterns. Furthermore, FgDM9-1 caused hemagglutination across all ABO blood group phenotypes. It is speculated that the parenchymal located FgDM9-1 has a role in cellular processes that involve the transport of mannose-carrying molecules in the parenchymal cells of the parasite.

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Shauna M. Clancy, Mark Whitehead, Nicola A. M. Oliver, Kathryn M. Huson, Jake Kyle, Daniel Demartini, Allister Irvine, Fernanda Godoy Santos, Paul-Emile Kajugu, Robert E. B. Hanna, Sharon A. Huws, Russell M. Morphew, J. Herbert Waite, Sam Haldenby, Mark W
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DM9CP-8 upon binding microbes activates MASPL-1-C3 axis to regulate the mRNA expressions of IL17s in oysters
Yinan Li, Jiejie Sun, Wenwen Yang, Yu Liu, Xingye Lian, Lingling Wang, Linsheng Song
International Journal of Biological Macromolecules.2025; 302: 140470. CrossRef
The regulation of CgDM9CP-7 for maintaining the homeostasis of hemolymph microbiota in oyster Crassostrea gigas
Shuyi Mu, Yinan Li, Shurong Li, Weishuai Shan, Qiuyan Guo, Zihan Wang, Wei Wu, Lingling Wang, Jiejie Sun, Linsheng Song
Comparative Immunology Reports.2025; 8: 200225. CrossRef
A novel intracellular signaling pathway elicited by DM9CP-6 regulates immune responses in oysters
Jiejie Sun, Yinan Li, Yu Liu, Lingling Wang, Linsheng Song
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A novel DM9-containing protein 7 involved in regulating the expression of CgMyD88 and CgIL-17 in oyster Crassostrea gigas
Yinan Li, Xingye Lian, Wenwen Yang, Jinyuan Leng, Jiejie Sun, Yu Liu, Siqi Fan, Lingling Wang, Linsheng Song
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Mannose oligosaccharide recognition of CGL1, a mannose-specific lectin containing DM9 motifs from Crassostrea gigas, revealed by X-ray crystallographic analysis
Tomomitsu Hatakeyama, Kazuki Masuda, Mizuki Kudo, Koshi Tanaka, Ayaka Takeuchi, Hideaki Unno
The Journal of Biochemistry.2024; 175(1): 35. CrossRef
Carbohydrate-binding ability of a recombinant protein containing the DM9 motif from Drosophila melanogaster
Tomomitsu Hatakeyama, Fuki Kojima, Issei Ohkawachi, Hitomi Sawai, Hideaki Unno
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Yu Liu, Weilin Wang, Jiejie Sun, Yinan Li, Shasha Wu, Qing Li, Miren Dong, Lingling Wang, Linsheng Song
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Parvatrema duboisi (Digenea: Gymnophallidae) Life Cycle Stages in Manila Clams, Ruditapes philippinarum, from Aphae-do (Island), Shinan-gun, Korea: Bong-Kwang Jung, Taehee Chang, Hyejoo Shin, Seungwan Ryoo, Sooji Hong, Jeonggyu Lee, Hyemi Song, Jaeeun Cho, Deok-Gyu Kim, Hojong Jun, Min-Jae Kim, Eun Jeong Won, Eun-Taek Han, Eun-Hee Shin, Jong-Yil Chai; Korean J Parasitol 2021;59(1):83-88.
Published online February 19, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2021.59.1.83

Abstract
PDF

Life cycle stages, including daughter sporocysts, cercariae, and metacercariae, of Parvatrema duboisi (Dollfus, 1923) Bartoli, 1974 (Digenea: Gymnophallidae) have been found in the Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum from Aphaedo (Island), Shinan-gun, Jeollanam-do, Korea. The daughter sporocysts were elongated sac-like and 307-570 (av. 395) μm long and 101-213 (av. 157) μm wide. Most of the daughter sporocysts contained 15-20 furcocercous cercariae each. The cercariae measured 112-146 (av. 134) μm in total length and 35-46 (av. 40) μm in width, with 69-92 (av. 85) μm long body and 39-54 (av. 49) μm long tail. The metacercariae were 210-250 (av. 231) μm in length and 170-195 (av. 185) μm in width, and characterized by having a large oral sucker, genital pore some distance anterior to the ventral sucker, no ventral pit, and 1 compact or slightly lobed vitellarium, strongly suggesting P. duboisi. The metacercariae were experimentally infected to ICR mice, and adults were recovered at day 7 post-infection. The adult flukes were morphologically similar to the metacercariae except in the presence of up to 20 eggs in the uterus. The daughter sporocysts and metacercariae were molecularly (ITS1-5.8S rDNA-ITS2) analyzed to confirm the species, and the results showed 99.8-99.9% identity with P. duboisi reported from Kyushu, Japan and Gochang, Korea. These results confirmed the presence of various life cycle stages of P. duboisi in the Manila clam, R. philippinarum, playing the role of the first as well as the second intermediate host, on Aphae-do (Island), Shinan-gun, Korea.

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Original Article

Risk Factors of Clonorchis sinensis Human Infections in Endemic Areas, Haman-Gun, Republic of Korea: A Case-Control Study: Sang-Eun Lee, Hee-Eun Shin, Myoung-Ro Lee, Yang-Hee Kim, Shin-Hyeong Cho, Jung-Won Ju; Korean J Parasitol 2020;58(6):647-652.
Published online December 29, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2020.58.6.647

Clonorchis sinensis is the most common fish-borne intestinal parasite in Korea. The aim of the present investigation was to survey the status of C. sinensis infection and analyze associated risk factors in residents of Haman-gun, Gyeongsangnam-do. A total of 5,114 residents from 10 administrative towns/villages voluntarily agreed to participate in the study, which comprised fecal examination, a questionnaire survey for risk factors, ultrasonography, and enzymelinked immunosorbent assay for cancer biomarker detection in the blood. We detected C. sinensis eggs in 5.3% of the subjects. By region, Gunbuk-myeon had the highest number of residents with C. sinensis eggs. The infection rate and intensity were higher in male than in female residents. Based on the risk factor questionnaire, infection was highly associated with drinking, a history of C. sinensis infection, and the practice of eating of raw freshwater fish. Extension of the bile duct, infection intensity, and cancer biomarker detection significantly correlated with the presence of eggs in the study population. In conclusion, the development of feasible, long-term control policies and strategies for the elimination of C. sinensis in Korea is still required.

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Cost yield of different treatment strategies against Clonorchis sinensis infection
Men-Bao Qian, Chang-Hai Zhou, Hui-Hui Zhu, Ying-Dan Chen, Xiao-Nong Zhou
Infectious Diseases of Poverty.2021;[Epub] CrossRef

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Case Report

First Infestation Case of Sarcoptic Mange from a Pet Rabbit Oryctolagus cuniculus in Republic of Korea: Seongjun Choe, Sungryong Kim, Ki-Jeong Na, Tilak Chandra Nath, Barakaeli Abdieli Ndosi, Yeseul Kang, Mohammed Mebarek Bia, Dongmin Lee, Hansol Park, Chatanun Eamudomkarn, Hyeong-Kyu Jeon, Keeseon S. Eom; Korean J Parasitol 2020;58(3):315-319.
Published online June 26, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2020.58.3.315

Abstract
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In November 2019 a 5-month-old mixed-breed rabbit presented to Chungbuk National University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Cheongju-si, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea (Korea) with symptoms comprising pruritus, crusts on skin, poor appetite and reduced defecation. The rabbit was purchased 2 months prior from a pet shop located in a big market, and that the symptoms were first observed about 2 weeks prior to the hospital visit. Physical examination revealed that the patient had crust formation and alopecia on the nose together with lesions on the digits. A skin scraping test was performed using mineral oil and a high density of mites was observed by microscopy. Each mite showed a round, tortoise-like body with 4 comparatively short pairs of legs. The anus was located at the terminal unlike with suspected pathogen, Notoedres cati. Based on morphological characteristics, we identified the mite as Sarcoptes sp. Ivermectin was administered weekly by subcutaneous injection at a dosage of 0.4 mg/kg, and 4 weeks of follow-up study revealed the patient was fully recovered. And no more mites were detected from the case. This is the first case report of sarcoptic mange in a pet rabbit in Korea.

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Genetic and Serological Survey of Sarcoptic Mange (Sarcoptes scabiei) in Wild Boars (Sus scrofa) in South Korea
Sanghyun Lee, Garam Kim, So-Jeong Kim, Weon-Hwa Jheong, Dong-Hyuk Jeong
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Zoonotic Episodes of Scabies: A Global Overview
Barbara Moroni, Luca Rossi, Charlotte Bernigaud, Jacques Guillot
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Mange in Rabbits: An Ectoparasitic Disease with a Zoonotic Potential
Wafaa A. Abd El-Ghany, Remo Lobetti
Veterinary Medicine International.2022; 2022: 1. CrossRef

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Original Article

Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Situation and Predicting the Distribution of Phlebotomus papatasi and P. sergenti as Vectors of Leishmaniasis in Ardabil Province, Iran: Ali Khamesipour, Soheila Molaei, Navid Babaei-Pouya, Eslam Moradi-Asl; Korean J Parasitol 2020;58(3):229-236.
Published online June 26, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2020.58.3.229

Abstract
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Cutaneous leishmaniosis (CL) is the most common form of leishmaniasis.CL caused by L. major and L. tropica is endemic in 17 provinces of Iran. This study was carried out to elucidate situation of CL in Ardabil province and to predict distribution of Phlebotomus papatasi and Phlebotomus sergenti (Diptera: Psychodidae) as vectors of CL in the region. In this cross-sectional study, data on CL patients were collected from local health centers of Ardabil province, Iran during 2006-2018 to establish a geodatabase using ArcGIS10.3. A total of 20 CL cases were selected randomly and skin samples were collected and analyzed by PCR method. MaxEnt 3.3.3 model was used to determine ecologically suitable niches for the main vectors. A total, 309 CL human cases were reported and the highest incidence rate of disease was occurred in Bilasavar (37/100,000) and Germi (35/100,000). A total of 2,794 sand flies were collected during May to October 2018. The environmentally suitable habitats for P. papatasi and P. sergenti were predicted to be present in northern and central areas of Ardabil province. The most variable that contributed ratio in the modeling were Isothermality and slope factors. Ardabil province is possibly an endemic are for CL. The presence of P. papatasi and P. sergenti justifies local transmission while the vectors of CL are existing in the northern and central areas of the province.

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Association Between Wolbachia Infection and Susceptibility to Deltamethrin Insecticide in Phlebotomus papatasi (Diptera: Psychodidae), the Main Vector of Zoonotic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis
Amrollah Azarm, Mona Koosha, Abdolhossein Dalimi, Alireza Zahraie-Ramazani, Amir Ahmad Akhavan, Zahra Saeidi, Mehdi Mohebali, Kamal Azam, Hassan Vatandoost, Mohammad Ali Oshaghi
Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases.2024; 24(3): 159. CrossRef
In silico prediction of CD8+ and CD4+ T cell epitopes in Leishmania major proteome: Using immunoinformatics
Mohammad Kashif, Mohd Waseem, Naidu Subbarao
Journal of Molecular Graphics and Modelling.2024; 129: 108759. CrossRef
Cutaneous leishmaniasis situation analysis in the Islamic Republic of Iran in preparation for an elimination plan
Iraj Sharifi, Ahmad Khosravi, Mohammad Reza Aflatoonian, Ehsan Salarkia, Mehdi Bamorovat, Ali Karamoozian, Mahmoud Nekoei Moghadam, Fatemeh Sharifi, Abbas Aghaei Afshar, Setareh Agha Kuchak Afshari, Faranak Gharachorloo, Mohammad Reza Shirzadi, Behzad Ami
Frontiers in Public Health.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Integration of machine learning algorithms and GIS-based approaches to cutaneous leishmaniasis prevalence risk mapping
Negar Shabanpour, Seyed Vahid Razavi-Termeh, Abolghasem Sadeghi-Niaraki, Soo-Mi Choi, Tamer Abuhmed
International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation.2022; 112: 102854. CrossRef
A systematic review and global analysis of the seasonal activity of Phlebotomus (Paraphlebotomus) sergenti, the primary vectors of L. tropica
Ahmed Karmaoui, Denis Sereno, Samir El Jaafari, Lhoussain Hajji, Shan Lv
PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases.2022; 16(12): e0010886. CrossRef
Spatio-temporal analysis and determination of the ecological niche model of Giardia Lamblia (Lambl, 1859) in Ardabil province, northwestern Iran
Hafez Mirzanejad-Asl, Afshin Karimi, Navid Babaei pouya, Eslam Moradi-Asl
Journal of Parasitic Diseases.2021; 45(3): 706. CrossRef
Adjuvant effects of TLR agonist gardiquimod admixed with Leishmania vaccine in mice model of visceral leishmaniasis
Deepak Kumar Goyal, Poonam Keshav, Sukhbir Kaur
Infection, Genetics and Evolution.2021; 93: 104947. CrossRef

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Brief Communication

A Novel Anti-Microbial Peptide from Pseudomonas, REDLK Induced Growth Inhibition of Leishmania tarentolae Promastigote In Vitro: Yanhui Yu, Panpan Zhao, Lili Cao, Pengtao Gong, Shuxian Yuan, Xinhua Yao, Yanbing Guo, Hang Dong, Weina Jiang; Korean J Parasitol 2020;58(2):173-179.
Published online April 30, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2020.58.2.173

Leishmaniasis is a prevalent cause of death and animal morbidity in underdeveloped countries of endemic area. However, there is few vaccine and effective drugs. Antimicrobial peptides are involved in the innate immune response in many organisms and are being developed as novel drugs against parasitic infections. In the present study, we synthesized a 5-amino acid peptide REDLK, which mutated the C-terminus of Pseudomonas exotoxin, to identify its effect on the Leishmania tarentolae. Promastigotes were incubated with different concentration of REDLK peptide, and the viability of parasite was assessed using MTT and Trypan blue dye. Morphologic damage of Leishmania was analyzed by light and electron microscopy. Cellular apoptosis was observed using the annexin V-FITC/PI apoptosis detection kit, mitochondrial membrane potential assay kit and flow cytometry. Our results showed that Leishmania tarentolae was susceptible to REDLK in a dose-dependent manner, disrupt the surface membrane integrity and caused parasite apoptosis. In our study, we demonstrated the leishmanicidal activity of an antimicrobial peptide REDLK from Pseudomonas aeruginosa against Leishmania tarentolae in vitro and present a foundation for further research of anti-leishmanial drugs.

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Pseudomonas bambusae sp.nov., an Aniline Blue-Decolorizing Bacterium Isolated from Decaying Round Bamboo Culms
Xiao-Long He, Jia-Yan Wang, Jin-Jia Liang, Cheng-Jing Ren, Xin-Yi Guo, Wen-Jie Ke, Min Wu, Hong-Zheng Liu, Min Jin, Fang-Li Sun, Shuai-Bo Han
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Therapeutic potential of antimicrobial peptides against pathogenic protozoa
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Targeting Leishmania Promastigotes and Amastigotes Forms through Amino Acids and Peptides: A Promising Therapeutic Strategy
Charmante Registre, Luciana Miranda Silva, Farah Registre, Rodrigo Dian de Oliveira Aguiar Soares, Karina Taciana Santos Rubio, Simone Pinto Carneiro, Orlando David Henrique dos Santos
ACS Infectious Diseases.2024; 10(8): 2467. CrossRef
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Sara M. Robledo, Silvia Pérez-Silanes, Celia Fernández-Rubio, Ana Poveda, Lianet Monzote, Víctor M. González, Paloma Alonso-Collado, Javier Carrión
Pathogens.2023; 12(7): 939. CrossRef

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Original Article

Diagnostic Performance of Three Rapid Diagnostic Test Kits for Malaria Parasite Plasmodium falciparum: Seo Hye Park, Seung Jegal, Seong Kyu Ahn, Haneul Jung, Jinyoung Lee, Byoung-Kuk Na, Sung-Jong Hong, Young Yil Bahk, Tong-Soo Kim; Korean J Parasitol 2020;58(2):147-152.
Published online April 30, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2020.58.2.147

Abstract
PDF

Malaria is a potent burden on public healthcare worldwide due to requiring rapid diagnosis and treatment. Nowadays, prompt diagnosis with rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) has been widely accepted as an effective diagnostic technique in malaria-endemic countries, primarily due to their easy operation, fast output, and straightforward interpretation. The global availability and use of RDTs have gradually grown over recent decades as field-applicable diagnostic tests for the reliable confirmation of malaria infection and proper case management. This study was conducted to evaluate diagnostic performance of 3 commercially available malaria RDT kits : BIOCREDIT^TM Malaria Ag Pf(pLDH), Malaria Ag Pf(pLDH/pHRPII), and Malaria Ag Pf/Pv(pLDH/pLDH) (where pLDH and pHRPII stand for plasmodium lactate dehydrogenase and histidine-rich protein 2, respectively) for the specific detection of Plasmodium falciparum. A total of 1,129 blood samples including 95 blood samples, confirmed as vivax malaria infection by microscopic examinations and a nested-PCR method, were tested for falciparum malaria infection. The overall sensitivity and specificity of Malaria Ag Pf(pLDH/pHRPII), Malaria Ag Pf/Pv(pLDH/pLDH), and Pf(pLDH) for P. falciparum were 99.0% and 100%, 95.8% and 100%, and 100% and 100%, respectively. It is proposed that the 3 RDT kits perform reliable level of diagnostic accuracy of detection for P. falciparum parasites.

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Babacar Souleymane Sambe, Stephanie Zobrist, William Sheahan, Divya Soni, Aissatou Diagne, Ibrahima Sarr, Arona Sabene Diatta, Serigne Ousmane Mbacke Diaw, Allison Golden, Hannah Slater, Ihn Kyung Jang, Nerie Roa, Sampa Pal, Fatoumata Diene Sarr, Joseph F
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Performance of BIOCREDIT Pf/Pv lactate dehydrogenase-based malaria rapid diagnostic test among pregnant women with suspected malaria infection in Bahir Dar City Administration, northwest Ethiopia
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Assessment of the Performance of Lactate Dehydrogenase-Based Rapid Diagnostic Test for Malaria in Djibouti in 2022–2023
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Comparison of three rapid diagnostic tests for Plasmodium falciparum diagnosis in Ghana
Tolulope Adeyemi Kayode, Agyapong Kofi Addo, Thomas Kwame Addison, Austine Tweneboah, Stephen Opoku Afriyie, Dawood Ackom Abbas, Ayesha Seth, Abraham K. Badu-Tawiah, Kingsley Badu, Cristian Koepfli
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Performance of highly sensitive and conventional rapid diagnostic tests for clinical and subclinical Plasmodium falciparum infections, and hrp2/3 deletion status in Burundi
David Niyukuri, Denis Sinzinkayo, Emma V. Troth, Colins O. Oduma, Mediatrice Barengayabo, Mireille Ndereyimana, Aurel Holzschuh, Claudia A. Vera-Arias, Yilekal Gebre, Kingsley Badu, Joseph Nyandwi, Dismas Baza, Elizabeth Juma, Cristian Koepfli, Sarah Aubu
PLOS Global Public Health.2022; 2(7): e0000828. CrossRef
Diagnostic accuracy and limit of detection of ten malaria parasite lactate dehydrogenase-based rapid tests for Plasmodium knowlesi and P. falciparum
Angelica F. Tan, Sitti Saimah binti Sakam, Giri S. Rajahram, Timothy William, Mohammad Faruq Abd Rachman Isnadi, Sylvia Daim, Bridget E. Barber, Steven Kho, Colin J. Sutherland, Nicholas M. Anstey, Seda Yerlikaya, Donelly A. van Schalkwyk, Matthew J. Grig
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Michael J. Kavanaugh, Steven E. Azzam, David M. Rockabrand
Diagnostics.2021; 11(5): 768. CrossRef
Recent Spatial and Temporal Trends of Malaria in Korea
Yeong Hoon Kim, Hye-Jin Ahn, Dongjae Kim, Sung-Jong Hong, Tong-Soo Kim, Ho-Woo Nam
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2021; 59(6): 585. CrossRef

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Brief Communication

Morphological and Molecular Confirmation of Parvatrema duboisi Metacercariae in the Manila Clam Ruditapes philippinarum from Gochang-gun, Korea: Taehee Chang, Bong-Kwang Jung, Hyejoo Shin, Sooji Hong, Jeonggyu Lee, Deok-Gyu Kim, Laddawan Patarwut, Woon-Mok Sohn, Jong-Yil Chai; Korean J Parasitol 2020;58(1):87-91.
Published online February 29, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2020.58.1.87

Abstract
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Gymnophallid metacercariae found in the Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum (‘Banjirak’ in Korean) from Gochang-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Korea were morphologically and molecularly confirmed to be Parvatrema duboisi (Dollfus, 1923) Bartoli, 1974. The metacercariae were morphologically characterized by having a large oral sucker, small ventral sucker, genital pore some distance anterior to the ventral sucker, no ventral pit, and 1 compact or slightly lobed vitellarium, which were all compatible with P. duboisi. Some of the metacercariae were experimentally fed to mice, and adult flukes were recovered at day 7 post-infection. The morphology of the adult flukes was basically the same as that of the metacercariae except for the presence of uterine eggs; the uterus was filled with up to 40 eggs. The nucleotide sequences (1,193 bp) from ITS regions (ITS1, 5.8S rDNA, and ITS2) of the metacercariae showed 99.7% identity with P. duboisi and 75.7% identity with Gymnophalloides seoi deposited in GenBank. These results confirmed the presence of P. duboisi metacercariae in the Manila clam R. philippinarum in an estuary region of Gochang-gun, Korea.

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Cuong Thanh Le, Hee-Do Jeung, Young-Ghan Cho, Kwang-Sik Choi
Journal of Invertebrate Pathology.2024; 206: 108172. CrossRef
Description of a New Species of Bacciger (Digenea: Gymnophalloidea) Infecting the American Gizzard Shad, Dorosoma cepedianum (Lesueur, 1818), and Molecular Characterization of Cercaria rangiae Wardle, 1983, with Molecular Phylogeny of Related Digenea
Stephen S. Curran, Micah B. Warren, Stephen A. Bullard
Comparative Parasitology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Parvatrema duboisi (Digenea: Gymnophallidae) Life Cycle Stages in Manila Clams, Ruditapes philippinarum, from Aphae-do (Island), Shinan-gun, Korea
Bong-Kwang Jung, Taehee Chang, Hyejoo Shin, Seungwan Ryoo, Sooji Hong, Jeonggyu Lee, Hyemi Song, Jaeeun Cho, Deok-Gyu Kim, Hojong Jun, Min-Jae Kim, Eun Jeong Won, Eun-Taek Han, Eun-Hee Shin, Jong-Yil Chai
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2021; 59(1): 83. CrossRef
Morphological and molecular characterization of larval digenean trematodes (Parvatrema: Gymnophallidae) and their pathological effects on the clam Leukoma thaca (=Protothaca thaca) (Bivalvia:Veneridae) (Molina, 1782) from northern Chile
Diana Montenegro, María Soledad Romero, María Teresa González
Parasitology International.2021; 80: 102238. CrossRef

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Original Articles

Intestinal Parasites in an Ottoman Period Latrine from Acre (Israel) Dating to the Early 1800s CE: William H. Eskew, Marissa L. Ledger, Abigail Lloyd, Grace Pyles, Joppe Gosker, Piers D. Mitchell; Korean J Parasitol 2019;57(6):575-580.
Published online December 31, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2019.57.6.575

Abstract
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The aim of this study is to determine the species of parasites that affected the inhabitants of the city of Acre on the coast of the eastern Mediterranean during the Ottoman Period. This is the first archaeological study of parasites in the Ottoman Empire. We analysed sediment from a latrine dating to the early 1800s for the presence of helminth eggs and protozoan parasites which caused dysentery. The samples were examined using light microscopy and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. We found evidence for roundworm (Ascaris lumbricoides), whipworm (Trichuris trichiura), fish tapeworm (Dibothriocephalus sp.), Taenia tapeworm (Taenia sp.), lancet liver fluke (Dicrocoelium dendriticum), and the protozoa Giardia duodenalis and Entamoeba histolytica. The parasite taxa recovered demonstrate the breadth of species present in this coastal city. We consider the effect of Ottoman Period diet, culture, trade and sanitation upon risk of parasitism in this community living 200 years ago.

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A glimpse into daily life in an Ottoman harbour: Evidence from a cesspit in Ainos (Türkiye)
Lyudmila Shumilovskikh, Anca Dan, Piers D Mitchell, Tianyi Wang, W. Marijn van der Meij, Jean-Baptiste Houal, Sait Başaran, Türker Arslan, Ercan Erkul, Simon Fischer, Wolfgang Rabbel, Felix Reize, Helmut Brückner
Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports.2024; 59: 104766. CrossRef
Giardia duodenalis and dysentery in Iron Age Jerusalem (7th–6th century BCE)
Piers D. Mitchell, Tianyi Wang, Ya'akov Billig, Yuval Gadot, Peter Warnock, Dafna Langgut
Parasitology.2023; 150(8): 693. CrossRef
Paleomicrobiology of the human digestive tract: A review
Riccardo Nodari, Michel Drancourt, Rémi Barbieri
Microbial Pathogenesis.2021; 157: 104972. CrossRef
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S.M. Slepchenko
VESTNIK ARHEOLOGII, ANTROPOLOGII I ETNOGRAFII.2021; (3(54)): 147. CrossRef

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Neurocysticercosis: Clinical Characteristics and Changes from 26 Years of Experience in an University Hospital in Korea: Hyo-Ju Son, Min Jae Kim, Kyung Hwa Jung, Sungim Choi, Jiwon Jung, Yong Pil Chong, Sung-Han Kim, Sang-Oh Lee, Sang-Ho Choi, Yang Soo Kim, Jun Hee Woo, Bong-Kwang Jung, Hyemi Song, Jong-Yil Chai; Korean J Parasitol 2019;57(3):265-271.
Published online June 30, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2019.57.3.265

Abstract
PDF

The prevalence of human taeniasis has decreased in Korea. The stool egg positive proportion decreased from 1.9% in 1971 to 0% in 2004 in nationwide surveys. The neurocysticercosis (NCC) is also presumed to decrease. However, detailed information regarding the recent status of NCC in Korea is lacking. We retrospectively reviewed NCC cases from 1990 to 2016 at Asan Medical Center, a 2700-bed tertiary referral hospital in Korea. We identified patients based on clinical symptoms, brain imaging, pathology and serological assay. The cases were classified as parenchymal, extraparenchymal, and mixed NCC. Eighty-one patients were included in the analysis. The mean age was 54.5 years, and 79.0% were male. The number of NCC cases was highest from 1995 to 1999, and continuously decreased thereafter. Forty (49.4%) patients had parenchymal NCC, while 25 (30.9%) patients had extraparenchymal NCC, and 16 (19.8%) patients had mixed NCC. The seizure and headache were most common symptom of parenchymal NCC and extraparenchymal NCC respectively. Hydrocephalus was more common in extraparenchymal NCC, and patients with extraparenchymal NCC were more likely to require a ventriculoperitoneal shunt. Cases of NCC are decreasing accordingly with human taeniasis and lesion location was the most important determinant of clinical presentation and outcome of NCC in Korea.

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Mudamanchu Vamsi Krishna, Pubali Biswas, C. A. Jayashankar, V. H. Ganaraja, Amey Joshi
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Minsung Kang, Ho-Won Lee
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Guoguang Xiao, Min Shu
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Jorge Zumaeta, Camilo Contreras, Paola Tapia, Diego Morales, Noe Santiago Rea, Jose Valerio
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Knowledge and misconceptions about epilepsy among people with epilepsy and their caregivers attending mental health clinics: A qualitative study in Taenia solium endemic pig‐keeping communities in Tanzania
Charles E Makasi, Andrew M Kilale, Bernard J Ngowi, Yakobo Lema, Victor Katiti, Michael J Mahande, Elizabeth F. Msoka, Dominik Stelzle, Andrea S Winkler, Blandina T. Mmbaga
Epilepsia Open.2023; 8(2): 487. CrossRef
Infectious Causes of Eosinophilic Meningitis in Korean Patients: A Single-Institution Retrospective Chart Review from 2004 to 2018
Sunghee Park, Jiwon Jung, Yong Pil Chong, Sung-Han Kim, Sang-Oh Lee, Sang-Ho Choi, Yang Soo Kim, Min Jae Kim
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2021; 59(3): 227. CrossRef
Could Differences in Infection Pressure Be Involved in Cysticercosis Heterogeneity?
Pedro T. Hamamoto Filho, Gagandeep Singh, Andrea S. Winkler, Arturo Carpio, Agnès Fleury
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Hye Jin Lee
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Parasitic infections and medical expenses according to Health Insurance Review Assessment claims data in South Korea, 2011–2018
Ju Yeong Kim, Myung-hee Yi, Tai-Soon Yong, Guilherme L. Werneck
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Cytopathic Change and Inflammatory Response of Human Corneal Epithelial Cells Induced by Acanthamoeba castellanii Trophozoites and Cysts: Hae-Jin Sohn, Ga-Eun Seo, Jae-Ho Lee, A-Jeong Ham, Young-Hwan Oh, Heekyoung Kang, Ho-Joon Shin; Korean J Parasitol 2019;57(3):217-223.
Published online June 30, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2019.57.3.217

Abstract
PDF

Acanthamoeba castellanii has ubiquitous distribution and causes primary acanthamoebic keratitis (AK). AK is a common disease in contact lens wearers and results in permanent visual impairment or blindness. In this study, we observed the cytopathic effect, in vitro cytotoxicity, and secretion pattern of cytokines in human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs) induced by A. castellanii trophozoites and/or cysts. Morphological observation revealed that panked dendritic HCECs co-cultured with amoeba cysts had changed into round shape and gradually died. Such changes were more severe in co-culture with cyst than those of co-cultivation with trophozoites. In vitro cytotoxicity assay revealed the highest cytotoxicity to HCECs in the co-culture system with amoeba cysts. A. castellanii induced the expression of IL-1α, IL-6, IL-8, and CXCL1 in HCECs. Secreted levels of IL-1α, IL-6, and IL-8 in HCECs co-cultured with both trophozoites and cysts were increased at an early incubation time (3 and 6 hr). These results suggested that cytopathic changes and pro-inflammatory cytokines release of HCECs in response to A. castellanii, especially amoebic cysts, are an important mechanism for AK development.

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Case Report

A Case of Unexpected Clinostomum complanatum Infection Initially Presenting as Foreign Body in Pharynx: Hyunjung Kim, Sung-Weon Cho, Harim Oh, Hyung Kwon Byeon; Korean J Parasitol 2019;57(2):175-177.
Published online April 30, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2019.57.2.175

Abstract
PDF

A 46-year old man visited our outpatient clinic with complaint of foreign body sensation in throat after consuming raw freshwater fish 5 days ago. Laryngoscopic examination revealed a motile worm attached on posterior pharyngeal wall. The worm was removed using biopsy forceps under transnasal endoscopy and evidently identified as Clinostomum complanatum after microscopic examination. Patient’s subjective foreign body sensation of throat and hyperemia of laryngeal mucosa remained for approximately 2 weeks post-removal, which were eventually resolved after administration of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug and anti-refluxant drug for 2 weeks. Treatment was ended at three weeks since the first visit. C. complanatum infections in humans are rare, and only four cases have been reported in Korea. Symptoms resembling pharyngitis or laryngitis occurs by consumption of raw, infected freshwater fish and treatment is done by mechanically removing the parasite.

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Original Articles

A Novel Niosomal Combination of Selenium Coupled with Glucantime against Leishmania tropica: Mahshid Mostafavi, Payam Khazaeli, Iraj Sharifi, Saeedeh Farajzadeh, Hamid Sharifi, Alireza Keyhani, Maryam Hakimi Parizi, Sina Kakooei; Korean J Parasitol 2019;57(1):1-8.
Published online February 26, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2019.57.1.1

Abstract
PDF

There is no effective treatment modality available against different forms of leishmaniasis. Therefore, the aim of this study was to improve the penetration and efficacy of selenium and glucantime coupled with niosomes and compared them with their simple forms alone on in vitro susceptibility assays. In this study, the niosomal formulations of selenium and in combination with glucantime were prepared. The size and morphology of the niosomal formulations were characterized and the effectivity of the new formulation was also evaluated using in vitro MTT assay, intra-macrophage model, and gene expression profile. From the results obtained, no cytotoxicity effect was observed for niosomal and simple forms of drugs, as alone or in combination. Niosomal formulations of the drugs significantly showed more inhibitory effects (P ≤ 0.001) than the simple drugs when the selectivity index was considered. The gene expression levels of Interleukin (IL-10) significantly decreased, while the level of IL-12 and metacaspase significantly increased (P ≤ 0.001). The results of the present study showed that selenium plus glucantime niosome possess a potent anti-leishmanial effect and enhanced their lethal activity as evidenced by the in vitro experiments.

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Sakshi Saharawat, Sushma Verma
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Celia Fernández-Rubio, Mercedes Rubio-Hernández, Verónica Alcolea, Aroia Burguete-Mikeo, Paul A. Nguewa, Silvia Pérez-Silanes, Audrey Odom John
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Sajad Rashidi, Celia Fernández-Rubio, Reza Mansouri, Mohammad Ali-Hassanzadeh, Esmaeel Ghani, Mohammadreza Karimazar, Raúl Manzano-Román, Paul Nguewa
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Tatielle do Nascimento, Denise de Abreu Garófalo, Mariana Sato de Souza Bustamante Monteiro, Ralph Santos-Oliveira, Ana Paula dos Santos Matos, Eduardo Ricci-Júnior
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Abbas Haddadian, Farnoush Falahi Robattorki, Hedieh Dibah, Ali Soheili, Erfan Ghanbarzadeh, Nasrin Sartipnia, Shadi Hajrasouliha, Kamal Pasban, Romina Andalibi, Mojtaba Hedayati Ch, Arezou Azari, Arman Chitgarzadeh, Aliasghar Bagheri Kashtali, Fatemeh Mas
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New Phosphoramidates Containing Selenium as Leishmanicidal Agents
Mikel Etxebeste-Mitxeltorena, Daniel Plano, Socorro Espuelas, Esther Moreno, Carlos Aydillo, Antonio Jiménez-Ruiz, Juan Carlos García Soriano, Carmen Sanmartín
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Sajad Rashidi, Kurosh Kalantar, Paul Nguewa, Gholamreza Hatam
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Razieh Tavakoli Oliaee, Iraj Sharifi, Mehdi Bamorovat, Alireza Keyhani, Zahra Babaei, Ehsan Salarkia, Rahele Tavakoly, Ahmad Khosravi, Mahshid Mostafavi, Fatemeh Sharifi, Seyed Mohammad Mousavi
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Comparative Assessment of Diagnostic Performances of Two Commercial Rapid Diagnostic Test Kits for Detection of Plasmodium spp. in Ugandan Patients with Malaria: Young Yil Bahk, Seo Hye Park, Woojoo Lee, Kyoung Jin, Seong Kyu Ahn, Byoung-Kuk Na, Tong-Soo Kim; Korean J Parasitol 2018;56(5):447-452.
Published online October 31, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2018.56.5.447

Abstract
PDF

Prompt diagnosis of malaria cases with rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) has been widely adopted as an effective malaria diagnostic tool in many malaria endemic countries, primarily due to their easy operation, fast result output, and straightforward interpretation. However, there has been controversy about the diagnostic accuracy of RDTs. This study was conducted to evaluate the diagnostic performances of the 2 commercially available malaria RDT kits, RapiGEN Malaria Ag Pf/Pv (pLDH/pLDH) and Asan EasyTestTM Malaria Ag Pf/Pv (HRP-2/pLDH) for their abilities to detect Plasmodium species in blood samples collected from Ugandan patients with malaria. To evaluate the diagnostic performances of these 2 RDT kits, 229 blood samples were tested for malaria infection by microscopic examination and a species-specific nested polymerase chain reaction. The detection sensitivities for P. falciparum of Malaria Ag Pf/Pv (pLDH/pLDH) and Asan EasyTestTM Malaria Ag Pf/Pv (HRP-2/pLDH) were 87.83% and 89.57%, respectively. The specificities of the 2 RDTs were 100% for P. falciparum and mixed P. falciparum/P. vivax infections. These results suggest that the 2 RDT kits showed reasonable levels of diagnostic performances for detection of the malaria parasites from Ugandan patients. However, neither kit could effectively detect P. falciparum infections with low parasitaemia (<500 parasites/μl).

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Development of Molecular Diagnosis Using Multiplex Real-Time PCR and T4 Phage Internal Control to Simultaneously Detect Cryptosporidium parvum, Giardia lamblia, and Cyclospora cayetanensis from Human Stool Samples: Ji-Hun Shin, Sang-Eun Lee, Tong Soo Kim, Da-Won Ma, Shin-Hyeong Cho, Jong-Yil Chai, Eun-Hee Shin; Korean J Parasitol 2018;56(5):419-427.
Published online October 31, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2018.56.5.419

Abstract
PDF

This study aimed to develop a new multiplex real-time PCR detection method for 3 species of waterborne protozoan parasites (Cryptosporidium parvum, Giardia lamblia, and Cyclospora cayetanensis) identified as major causes of traveler’s diarrhea. Three target genes were specifically and simultaneously detected by the TaqMan probe method for multiple parasitic infection cases, including Cryptosporidium oocyst wall protein for C. parvum, glutamate dehydrogenase for G. lamblia, and internal transcribed spacer 1 for C. cayetanensis. Gene product 21 for bacteriophage T4 was used as an internal control DNA target for monitoring human stool DNA amplification. TaqMan probes were prepared using 4 fluorescent dyes, FAMTM, HEXTM, Cy5TM, and CAL Fluor Red® 610 on C. parvum, G. lamblia, C. cayetanensis, and bacteriophage T4, respectively. We developed a novel primer-probe set for each parasite, a primer-probe cocktail (a mixture of primers and probes for the parasites and the internal control) for multiplex real-time PCR analysis, and a protocol for this detection method. Multiplex real-time PCR with the primer-probe cocktail successfully and specifically detected the target genes of C. parvum, G. lamblia, and C. cayetanensis in the mixed spiked human stool sample. The limit of detection for our assay was 2×10 copies for C. parvum and for C. cayetanensis, while it was 2×103 copies for G. lamblia. We propose that the multiplex real-time PCR detection method developed here is a useful method for simultaneously diagnosing the most common causative protozoa in traveler’s diarrhea.

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Brief Communications

A Retrospective Analysis on the Cystic Echinococcosis Cases Occured in Northeastern Punjab Province, Pakistan: Aisha Khan, Sarmad Zahoor, Haroon Ahmed, Uzma Malik, Rabia Amin Butt, Muhammad Sultanul Muzam, Seyma Gunyakti Kilinc, Noorulain Noor, Saroosh Zahoor, Muhammad Sohail Afzal, Hamza Mansur, Shumaila Irum, Sami Simsek; Korean J Parasitol 2018;56(4):385-390.
Published online August 31, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2018.56.4.385

Abstract
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A retrospective study was performed to report the case occurrence of cystic echinococcosis (CE) in three hospitals of north-eastern region in Punjab Province, Pakistan. We reviewed retrospectively the clinical records of patients in 4 hospitals which were diagnosed with CE during 2012-2017. A total of 198 cases, 82 (41.4%) male and 116 (58.6%) females were detected as CE. The most Highest incidence was revealed in.... 21-30 years-old group (24.2%) followed by 41-50 (22.7%), 31-40 (16.2%), 11-20 (13.6%), 51-60 (8.1%), below 10 (5.5%), over 71 (5.1%) and 61-70 year-old group (4.5%). CE was detected in various organs of infected individuals. However, most of CE cases were detected in the liver (47.4%) and lung (18.6%). The present study indicated that CE is more or less prevalent in surveyed areas and one of the most important public health problems in Punjab Province, Pakistan.

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Prevalence and molecular characterization of cystic echinococcosis in livestock in the Hazara Division, Pakistan
Safia Arbab, Hanif Ullah, Inam Ul Hassan, Suleman, Weiwei Wang, Abdul Qadeer, Jiya Zhang
Frontiers in Veterinary Science.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
A Retrospective Cohort Study on Human Cystic Echinococcosis in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province (Pakistan) Based on 16 Years of Hospital Discharge Records
Huma Khan, Adriano Casulli, Majid Fasihi Harandi, Muhammad Sohail Afzal, Muhammad Arif Nadeem Saqib, Haroon Ahmed
Pathogens.2022; 11(2): 194. CrossRef
Design of highly sensitive nano-biosensor for diagnosis of hydatid cyst based on gold nanoparticles
Fariba Jafari, Amir Hossein Maghsood, Mohammad Fallah, Ahmad Jalilvand, Mohammad Matini, Bahram Amini
Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy.2022; 38: 102786. CrossRef
Seropozitifity of Anti-Echinococcus granulosus in Patients with of Clinical Prediagnosis Cystic Echinococcosis at Kafkas University Health Research and Application Hospital
Mükremin Özkan Arslan, Neriman Mor, Hilal Bedir
Turkish Journal of Parasitology.2022; 46(2): 129. CrossRef
Investigation of Echinococcus multilocularis in foxes and dogs in Pakistan by detection of copro-DNA
Aisha Khan, Gérald Umhang, Zaib Ullah, Franck Boué, Vanessa Bastid, Ikram Ullah, Sajid Mahmood, Muhammad Sohail Afzal, Haroon Ahmed
Parasitology Research.2021; 120(2): 731. CrossRef
Case report of an unexpected inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor
Vishal Farid Raza, Dawood Arshad, Sajeel Ahmad, Khalid Javeed Khan
Annals of Medicine & Surgery.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
A review of the diagnosis and management of liver hydatid cyst
Ester Ferrer-Inaebnit, Francesc Xavier Molina-Romero, Juan José Segura-Sampedro, Xavier González-Argenté, José Miguel Morón Canis
Revista Española de Enfermedades Digestivas.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Demographics of cystic echinococcosis patients treated surgically in Lahore, Pakistan: A single centre study from 2007 – 2018
Q. Rasib, A. Khan, H. Ahmed, S. Nizamuddin, F. Asif, M. S. Afzal, S. Simsek, F. Khurshid, S. Irum, N. Hussain, S. Riaz, S. S. Khan, C. M. Budke
Helminthologia.2021; 58(2): 162. CrossRef
Echinococcoses in Iran, Turkey, and Pakistan: Old Diseases in the New Millennium
Mehdi Borhani, Saeid Fathi, Enayat Darabi, Fatemeh Jalousian, Sami Simsek, Haroon Ahmed, Harun Kaya Kesik, Seyed Hossein Hosseini, Thomas Romig, Majid Fasihi Harandi, Iraj Mobedi
Clinical Microbiology Reviews.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Clinical and pathogenetic aspects of the complications after surgical treatment of hepatic echinococcosis
F. G. Nazyrov, A. Kh. Babadjanov, F. R. Yakubov
Annaly khirurgicheskoy gepatologii = Annals of HPB Surgery.2021; 26(4): 51. CrossRef
Detection of Anti-Echinococcus granulosus Antibodies in Humans: An Update from Pakistan
Huma Khan, Haroon Ahmed, Muhammad Sohail Afzal, Usman Ayub Awan, Muhammad Khurram, Sami Simsek, Jianping Cao
Pathogens.2021; 11(1): 29. CrossRef
Cystic echinococcosis: a 10-year experience from a middle-income country
Ayesha Butt, Javaid Ahmed Khan
Tropical Doctor.2020; 50(2): 117. CrossRef
First report of Echinococcus canadensis (G6/G7) by sequence analysis from the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan
Aisha Khan, Haroon Ahmed, Huma Khan, Sami Simsek, Seyma Gunyakti Kilinc, Harun Kaya Kesik, Guan Yayi, Figen Celik, Muhammad Sohail Afzal, Christine M. Budke
Acta Tropica.2020; 209: 105559. CrossRef
Human cystic echinococcosis in southwest Iran: a 15-year retrospective epidemiological study of hospitalized cases
Reza Shahriarirad, Amirhossein Erfani, Mehrdad Eskandarisani, Mohammad Rastegarian, Hajar Taghizadeh, Bahador Sarkari
Tropical Medicine and Health.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Cystic Echinococcosis in Pakistan: A Review of Reported Cases, Diagnosis, and Management
Aisha Khan, Haroon Ahmed, Huma Khan, Sadia Saleem, Sami Simsek, Enrico Brunetti, Muhammad Sohail Afzal, Tommaso Manciulli, Christine M. Budke
Acta Tropica.2020; 212: 105709. CrossRef
Management Outcome in Simple and Complex Hydatid Cysts of Lung
Pratikshya Thapaliya, Tanveer Ahmad, Ambreen Abid, Nazish Sikander, Misauq Mazcuri, Nadir Ali
Cureus.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Retrospective Study of Cystic Echinococcosis (CE) Based on Hospital Record from Five Major Metropolitan Cities of Pakistan
Hira Muqaddas, Muhammad Arshad, Haroon Ahmed, Naunain Mehmood, Aisha Khan, Sami Simsek
Acta Parasitologica.2019; 64(4): 866. CrossRef

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Differential Diagnosis of Human Sparganosis Using Multiplex PCR: Hyeong-Kyu Jeon, Kyu-Heon Kim, Woon-Mok Sohn, Keeseon S. Eom; Korean J Parasitol 2018;56(3):295-300.
Published online June 30, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2018.56.3.295

Abstract
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Human sparganosis was diagnosed by morphological and genetic analyses in Korea. The complete mitochondrial genomes of Spirometra erinaceieuropaei and S. decipiens isolated in Korea have been recorded. Present study was performed to provide information to diagnose the etiologic agent of sparganosis by multiplex PCR using mitochondrial genome sequences of S. erinaceieuropaei and S. decipiens. In an effort to examine the differential diagnosis of spirometrid tapeworms, multiplex PCR assays were performed on plerocercoid larvae of S. erinaceieuropaei and S. decipiens. The PCR products obtained using species-specific primers were positively detected in all PCR assays on mixture of S. erinaceieuropaei and S. decipiens DNA. S. erinaceieuropaei-specific bands (239 bp and 401 bp) were obtained from all PCR assays using a mixture of S. erinaceieuropaei-specific primers (Se/Sd-1800F and Se-2018R; Se/Sd-7955F and Se-8356R) and S. erinaceieuropaei template DNA. S. decipiens-specific bands (540 bp and 644 bp) were also detected in all PCR assays containing mixtures of S. decipiens-specific primers (Se/Sd-1800F and Sd-2317R; Se/Sd-7955F and Sd-8567R) and S. decipiens template DNA. Sequence analyses on these species-specific bands revealed 100% sequence identity with homologous regions of the mtDNA sequences of S. erinaceieuropaei and S. decipiens. The multiplex PCR assay was useful for differential diagnosis of human sparganosis by detecting different sizes in species-specific bands.

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Molecular, morphological and histopathological evidence of Spirometra mansoni in wild and domestic animals from Costa Rica
Irene Alvarado-Hidalgo, Josué Campos-Camacho, Yuliana Arguedas-Morales, Luis M. Romero-Vega, Alejandro Alfaro-Alarcón, Gabriela Anchia-Ureña, Laura G. Bass, Ivan Berrocal-Ávila, Isabel Hagnauer, Roberto W.I. Olivares, Alberto Solano-Barquero, Rodolfo Trau
Veterinary Parasitology: Regional Studies and Reports.2024; 51: 101030. CrossRef
Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Prevention of Sparganosis in Asia
Wei Liu, Tengfang Gong, Shuyu Chen, Quan Liu, Haoying Zhou, Junlin He, Yong Wu, Fen Li, Yisong Liu
Animals.2022; 12(12): 1578. CrossRef
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Alexander Morales, Rebeca M. Laird-Pérez, Virginia Capó, Enrique Iglesias, Luis Fonte, Arturo Plascencia-Hernández, Enrique J. Calderón, Keeseon S. Eom, Yaxsier de Armas, Héctor R. Pérez-Gómez
Pathogens.2022; 11(12): 1468. CrossRef
An annotated checklist of the eukaryotic parasites of humans, exclusive of fungi and algae
Blaine A. Mathison, Sarah G. H. Sapp
ZooKeys.2021; 1069: 1. CrossRef
Large-scale survey of a neglected agent of sparganosis Spirometra erinaceieuropaei (Cestoda: Diphyllobothriidae) in wild frogs in China
Xi Zhang, Xiu Hong, Shi Nan Liu, Peng Jiang, Shu Chuan Zhao, Chuan Xi Sun, Zhong Quan Wang, Jing Cui, David Blair
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African Lions and Zoonotic Diseases: Implications for Commercial Lion Farms in South Africa
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Animals.2020; 10(9): 1692. CrossRef

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Original Article

Diagnosis, Treatment and Clinical Features of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Saudi Arabia: Yousry A. Hawash, Khadiga A. Ismail, Maha M. Abdel-Wahab, Mahmoud Khalifa; Korean J Parasitol 2018;56(3):229-236.
Published online June 30, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2018.56.3.229

Abstract
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Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) has been one of the most common parasitic diseases in Saudi Arabia. This study exhibits the clinical features, diagnosis, cytokine profile and treatment of CL patients in Al-Taif province. Ninety CL suspects at a tertiary care general hospital were enrolled in one-year study. Patients were interviewed, clinically-examined, and subjected to laboratory tests: skin scraping smear microscopy, OligoC-TesT commercial PCR (Coris BioConcept) and kinetoplast DNA (kDNA) PCR for Leishmania diagnosis. Interferon-gamma (RayBio; Human IFN-γ) and nitric oxide (NO) levels in patients’ sera were evaluated before treatment with sodium stibogluconate (pentostam) with 20-day intramuscular drug regimen. Positive rates of microscopy, commercial PCR and kDNA PCR were 74.4%, 95.5% and 100%, respectively. Patients came to hospital mostly in winter (45.0%). CL was frequently exhibited in Saudi patients (78.8%), male gender (70.7%), age <20 years (50.0%), rural-dwellers (75.5%) and patients with travel history (86.6%). Lesion was mostly single ulcer (93.3%), occurred in the face (67.7%). Upon pentostam treatment, 85.1% of ulcers showed rapid healing signs. Levels of IFN-γ and NO were significantly higher in the healing than the non-healing cases (P<0.001). The kDNA PCR proved more sensitive than microscopy and OligoC-TesT commercial PCR. Our results open perspectives for IFN-γ use as a biomarker predicting treatment response.

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Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) in Saudi Arabia: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Najm Z. Alshahrani, Abdullah M. Alarifi, Abdullah M. Assiri
Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Tracking of Leishmania spp. in Iranian phlebotominae, distribution and biodiversity in Jarqavieh county, central Iran
Mehdi Haddadnia, Mahsa Esmaeilifallah, Parisima Badiezadeh, Seyed Mohammad Abtahi
International Journal of Environmental Health Research.2025; 35(12): 3761. CrossRef
Epidemiology and clinical features of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
W. Iqbal, U. Iram, S. Nisar, N. Musa, A. Alam, M. R. Khan, B. Ullah, M. Ullah, I. Ali
Brazilian Journal of Biology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
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Parisima Badiezadeh, Mahsa Esmaeilifallah, Mehdi Haddadniaa, Seyed Mohammad Abtahi
International Journal of Environmental Health Research.2024; 34(9): 3245. CrossRef
Epidemiology and clinical features of parasitic disease Leishmaniasis. A case study from Pakistan
Muhaibullah khan, Sheraz Ahmad, Hamayun saeed, M. Junaid Akhtar, Amna Munir
Medical Reports.2024; 6: 100090. CrossRef
Epidemiological Mapping of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Saudi Arabia: An Observational Descriptive Study
Basmah Alharbi, Mawahib Ahmed
Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health.2024; 14(3): 1281. CrossRef
Dermoscopic features in relation to the type of clinical lesions in cutaneous leishmaniasis
Qasim S. Al Chalabi, Hala N. Al Salman, Anfal L. Al harbawi
Journal of the Egyptian Women's Dermatologic Society.2024; 21(3): 240. CrossRef
Leishmaniasis: Recent epidemiological studies in the Middle East
Chinyere A. Knight, David R. Harris, Shifaa O. Alshammari, Ayele Gugssa, Todd Young, Clarence M. Lee
Frontiers in Microbiology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis: Associated Risk Factors and Prevention in Hubuna, Najran, Saudi Arabia
Mohammed Jamaan Alzahrani, Nahid Elfaki, Yahya Hussein Ahmed Abdalla, Mugahed Ali Alkhadher, Maha Hamed Mohamed Ali, Waled AM Ahmed
International Journal of General Medicine.2023; Volume 16: 723. CrossRef
A disfiguring neglected tropical disease sweeps war-torn Yemen: a community-based study of prevalence and risk factors of cutaneous leishmaniasis among rural communities in the western highlands
Manal A Al-Ashwal, Wahib M Atroosh, Abdulelah H Al-Adhroey, Assia A Al-Subbary, Lau Yee-Ling, Hesham M Al-Mekhlafi
Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.2023; 117(12): 823. CrossRef
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Muhaibullah Khan, Shehzad Ghayyur, Samina yasmin
Medical Reports.2023; 2: 100025. CrossRef
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Prevalence and Clinical Overview: A Single Center Study from Saudi Arabia, Eastern Region, Al-Ahsa
Mahdi Al-Dhafiri, Abdulmohsen Alhajri, Zahraa Ali Alwayel, Jasmine Ahmed Alturaiki, Shaima Ali Bu Izran, Fatimah Ahmed Alhammad, Ryhana Mohammed Aljumaiah
Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease.2023; 8(12): 507. CrossRef
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Yasser Alraey
Journal of Infection and Public Health.2022; 15(7): 757. CrossRef
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Abdullah D. Alanazi, Abdulazi S. Alouffi, Mohamed S. Alyousif, Abdulsadah A. Rahi, Magda A. Ali, Hend H. A. M. Abdullah, Fabio A. Brayner, Jairo Alfonso Mendoza-Roldan, Marcos Antonio Bezerra-Santos, Domenico Otranto
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BMC Public Health.2019;[Epub] CrossRef

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Mini Review

An Overview of Fish-borne Nematodiases among Returned Travelers for Recent 25 Years? Unexpected Diseases Sometimes Far Away from the Origin: Jorge Costa Eiras, Gilberto Cezar Pavanelli, Ricardo Massato Takemoto, Yukifumi Nawa; Korean J Parasitol 2018;56(3):215-227.
Published online June 30, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2018.56.3.215

Abstract
PDF

Along with globalization of traveling and trading, fish-borne nematodiases seems to be increasing in number. However, apart from occasional and sporadic case reports or mini-reviews of particular diseases in particular countries, an overview of fish-borne nematodiasis among travelers have never been performed. In this review, we gathered fishborne nematodiasis among travelers for recent 25 years by an extensive global literature survey using appropriate keywords, e.g. travelers diseases, human infection, anisakiasis, gnathostomiasis, capillariasis, sushi, sashimi, ceviche, Gnathostoma, Pseudoterranova, Anisakis, Capillaria, etc., as well as various combinations of these key words. The Internet search engines PubMed, Medline, Google and Googler Scholar were used as much as possible, and the references of every paper were checked in order to identify useful and reliable publications. The results showed unexpectedly high incidence of gnathostomiasis and low incidence of anisakidosis. The different incidence values of the infection with several fish-borne zoonotic nematode species are discussed, as well as some epidemiological aspects of the infections. The difficulties of differential diagnosis in non-endemic countries are emphasized. It is concluded that travelers must avoid risky behaviors which can lead to infection and that physicians and health authorities must advice travelers on the risks of eating behaviors during travel.

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Original Articles

Unraveling Haplotype Diversity of the Apical Membrane Antigen-1 Gene in Plasmodium falciparum Populations in Thailand: Lalita Lumkul, Vorthon Sawaswong, Phumin Simpalipan, Morakot Kaewthamasorn, Pongchai Harnyuttanakorn, Sittiporn Pattaradilokrat; Korean J Parasitol 2018;56(2):153-165.
Published online April 30, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2018.56.2.153

Development of an effective vaccine is critically needed for the prevention of malaria. One of the key antigens for malaria vaccines is the apical membrane antigen 1 (AMA-1) of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum, the surface protein for erythrocyte invasion of the parasite. The gene encoding AMA-1 has been sequenced from populations of P. falciparum worldwide, but the haplotype diversity of the gene in P. falciparum populations in the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS), including Thailand, remains to be characterized. In the present study, the AMA-1 gene was PCR amplified and sequenced from the genomic DNA of 65 P. falciparum isolates from 5 endemic areas in Thailand. The nearly fulllength 1,848 nucleotide sequence of AMA-1 was subjected to molecular analyses, including nucleotide sequence diversity, haplotype diversity and deduced amino acid sequence diversity and neutrality tests. Phylogenetic analysis and pairwise population differentiation (F_st indices) were performed to infer the population structure. The analyses identified 60 single nucleotide polymorphic loci, predominately located in domain I of AMA-1. A total of 31 unique AMA-1 haplotypes were identified, which included 11 novel ones. The phylogenetic tree of the AMA-1 haplotypes revealed multiple clades of AMA-1, each of which contained parasites of multiple geographical origins, consistent with the Fst indices indicating genetic homogeneity or gene flow among geographically distinct populations of P. falciparum in Thailand’s borders with Myanmar, Laos and Cambodia. In summary, the study revealed novel haplotypes and population structure needed for the further advancement of AMA-1-based malaria vaccines in the GMS.

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Epidemiological Aspects of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis during 2009-2016 in Kashan City, Central Iran: Doroodgar Moein, Doroodgar Masoud, Mahboobi Saeed, Doroodgar Abbas; Korean J Parasitol 2018;56(1):21-24.
Published online February 28, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2018.56.1.21

Abstract
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Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) can be seen in 2 forms, zoonotic and anthroponotic, in Iran. In this study, epidemiological aspects of CL were studied during an 8-year period (2009-2016) in city of Kashan, central Iran. The demographic and epidemiological data, including age, sex, occupation, number and site of the lesions, treatment regimen, past history of CL, and season of all patients were gathered from the health centers. Descriptive statistics were used to describe features of the study data. Total 2,676 people with CL were identified. The highest annual incidence was estimated to be 182 per 100,000 population in 2009 and the least was in 2016 (47 per 100,000 population). The highest frequency affected age groups were observed in 20-29 year-old patients (20.9%). More than 51% of the patients were under 30 years old. The maximum frequency of the disease, 1,134 (43.3%), was seen in autumn. The most common location of lesions was hands (61.4%). Most of the patients (81.6%) were treated by systemic glucantime regimen. In the city of Kashan, the incidence rate of the CL disease is significantly higher than many other regions of Iran. To reduce the risk of disease, control of reservoir hosts and vectors of disease, and education of individual protection are strongly recommended.

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Genetic Diversity and Phylogenetic Analysis of the Iranian Leishmania Parasites Based on HSP70 Gene PCR-RFLP and Sequence Analysis: Sara Nemati, Asghar Fazaeli, Homa Hajjaran, Ali Khamesipour, Mohsen Falahati Anbaran, Arezoo Bozorgomid, Fatah Zarei; Korean J Parasitol 2017;55(4):367-374.
Published online August 31, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2017.55.4.367

Abstract
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Despite the broad distribution of leishmaniasis among Iranians and animals across the country, little is known about the genetic characteristics of the causative agents. Applying both HSP70 PCR-RFLP and sequence analyses, this study aimed to evaluate the genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships among Leishmania spp. isolated from Iranian endemic foci and available reference strains. A total of 36 Leishmania isolates from almost all districts across the country were genetically analyzed for the HSP70 gene using both PCR-RFLP and sequence analysis. The original HSP70 gene sequences were aligned along with homologous Leishmania sequences retrieved from NCBI, and subjected to the phylogenetic analysis. Basic parameters of genetic diversity were also estimated. The HSP70 PCR-RFLP presented 3 different electrophoretic patterns, with no further intraspecific variation, corresponding to 3 Leishmania species available in the country, L. tropica, L. major, and L. infantum. Phylogenetic analyses presented 5 major clades, corresponding to 5 species complexes. Iranian lineages, including L. major, L. tropica, and L. infantum, were distributed among 3 complexes L. major, L. tropica, and L. donovani. However, within the L. major and L. donovani species complexes, the HSP70 phylogeny was not able to distinguish clearly between the L. major and L. turanica isolates, and between the L. infantum, L. donovani, and L. chagasi isolates, respectively. Our results indicated that both HSP70 PCR-RFLP and sequence analyses are medically applicable tools for identification of Leishmania species in Iranian patients. However, the reduced genetic diversity of the target gene makes it inevitable that its phylogeny only resolves the major groups, namely, the species complexes.

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Taxonomy, Population Structure and Genetic Diversity of Iranian Leishmania Strains of Cutaneous and Visceral Leishmaniasis
Sara Nemati, Homa Hajjaran, Soudabeh Heydari, Asghar Fazaeli, Ali Khamesipour, Mohsen Falahati Anbaran, Mehdi Mohebali, Hamed Mirjalali
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Molecular Phylogenetics of Trichostrongylus Species (Nematoda: Trichostrongylidae) from Humans of Mazandaran Province, Iran: Meysam Sharifdini, Zahra Heidari, Zahra Hesari, Sajad Vatandoost, Eshrat Beigom Kia; Korean J Parasitol 2017;55(3):279-285.
Published online June 30, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2017.55.3.279

Abstract
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The present study was performed to analyze molecularly the phylogenetic positions of human-infecting Trichostrongylus species in Mazandaran Province, Iran, which is an endemic area for trichostrongyliasis. DNA from 7 Trichostrongylus infected stool samples were extracted by using in-house (IH) method. PCR amplification of ITS2-rDNA region was performed, and products were sequenced. Phylogenetic analysis of the nucleotide sequence data was performed using MEGA 5.0 software. Six out of 7 isolates had high similarity with Trichostrongylus colubriformis, while the other one showed high homology with Trichostrongylus axei registered in GenBank reference sequences. Intra-specific variations within isolates of T. colubriformis and T. axei amounted to 0-1.8% and 0-0.6%, respectively. Trichostrongylus species obtained in the present study were in a cluster with the relevant reference sequences from previous studies. BLAST analysis indicated that there was 100% homology among all 6 ITS2 sequences of T. colubriformis in the present study and most previously registered sequences of T. colubriformis from human, sheep, and goat isolates from Iran and also human isolates from Laos, Thailand, and France. The ITS2 sequence of T. axei exhibited 99.4% homology with the human isolate of T. axei from Thailand, sheep isolates from New Zealand and Iran, and cattle isolate from USA.

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Brief Communication

First Report of Clavinema mariae (Nematoda: Philometridae) in Cultured Rockfish, Sebastes schlegeli, in Cheonsuman (Bay), the Republic of Korea: Hyun-Ja Han, Jung Soo Seo, Jeong Su Park, Haeng Lim Lee, Han Gill Seo, Sung Hee Jung, Se Ryun Kwon; Korean J Parasitol 2017;55(2):219-224.
Published online April 30, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2017.55.2.219

Abstract
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In July 2012, philometrid nematodes were discovered in cultured rockfish (Sebastes schlegeli) in Cheonsuman (Bay), the Republic of Korea. The nematodes were detected in the epithelial tissues of the rockfish and were identified as Clavinema mariae based on morphological studies using light and scanning electron microscopy. They revealed the characteristics same as previously identified C. mariae, notably having a long body with narrow posterior half, no caudal projection, a cylindrical-shaped esophagus, a well-developed anterior bulbous part of the esophagus, cephalic papillae, and a dorsal esophageal gland. This is the first confirmation of C. mariae infection in rockfish in Korea.

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Published online February 28, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2017.55.1.61

Abstract
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We described a human case of zoonotic dog tapeworm, Dipylidium caninum (Eucestoda: Dilepidiidae), rarely occurring in China. The mother of a 17 month-old boy noted the appearance of small white and active worms over a month period in her son’s feces, but the boy was asymptomatic except mild diarrhea. We observed 3 tapeworm proglottids resembling cucumber seeds in his stool sample. Microscopically, each proglottid had 2 genital pores, 1 on each lateral edge, and numerous egg capsules in the uterus. The patient was successfully treated with a single oral dose of praziquantel. Adult worms were recovered in the diarrheic stool after praziquantel treatment and purgation. His family had household pet dogs for several years, and he might have acquired the infection by ingestion of infected fleas of his pet dogs. A history of dog or cat pets and flea bites may be important clues to diagnosis of D. caninum infection. The infected pets should also be treated.

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Human Cases of Fascioliasis in Fujian Province, China: Lin Ai, Yu-Chun Cai, Yan Lu, Jia-Xu Chen, Shao-Hong Chen; Korean J Parasitol 2017;55(1):55-60.
Published online February 28, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2017.55.1.55

Abstract
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Fascioliasis is a foodborne zoonotic parasitic disease. We report 4 cases occurring in the same family, in whom diagnosis of acute fascioliasis was established after series of tests. One case was hospitalized with fever, eosinophilia, and hepatic lesions. MRI showed hypodense changes in both liver lobes. The remaining 3 cases presented with the symptom of stomachache only. Stool analysis was positive for Fasciola eggs in 2 adult patients. The immunological test and molecular identification of eggs were confirmed at the National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China. The results of serological detection were positive in all the 4 patients. DNA sequencing of PCR products of the eggs demonstrated 100% homology with ITS and cox1 of Fasciola hepatica. The conditions of the patients were not improved by broad-spectrum anti-parasitic drugs until administration of triclabendazole.

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Phylogenetic Characteristics of Fasciola hepatica Isolated from a Korean Patient
Mi Jin Jeong, Jae Kyun Park, Hak Sun Yu
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Original Article

Clinico-Epidemiological Patterns of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Patients Attending the Anuradhapura Teaching Hospital, Sri Lanka: Lahiru Sandaruwan Galgamuwa, Buthsiri Sumanasena, Lalani Yatawara, Susiji Wickramasinghe, Devika Iddawela; Korean J Parasitol 2017;55(1):1-7.
Published online February 28, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2017.55.1.1

Abstract
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Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) caused by Leishmania donovani is an endemic vector-borne disease in Sri Lanka. Over 2,500 cases have been reported since 2000 and the number of CL cases has dramatically increased annually. Total 57 clinically suspected CL patients attending the dermatology clinic in Anuradhapura Teaching Hospital were recruited from January to June 2015. Slit skin smears and skin biopsies were taken from each of the subjects. Clinical and epidemiological data were obtained using interviewer administered questionnaire. Forty-three (75.4%) patients among 57 were confirmed positive for L. donovani. The majority of infected patients was males (P=0.005), and the most affected age group was 21-40 years. Soldiers in security forces, farmers, and housewives were identified as high risk groups. The presence of scrub jungles around the residence or places of occupation (P=0.003), the presence of sandflies (P=0.021), and working outsides more than 6 hr per day (P=0.001) were significantly associated with CL. The number of lesions ranged from 1-3, and the majority (76%) of the patients had a single lesion. Upper and lower extremities were the prominent places of lesions, while the wet type of lesions were more prevalent in females (P=0.022). A nodular-ulcerative type lesion was common in both sexes. The presence of sandflies, scrub jungles, and outdoor activities contributed to spread of Leishmania parasites in an endemic pattern. Implementation of vector control programs together with health education with regard to transmission and prevention of CL are necessary to control the spread of this infection.

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Bashair Sheikh Pervez, Arshad Islam, Azhar Minhas, Yusuf Ozbel, Seray Toz, Shahid Waseem, Obaid Hayat, Shumaila Naz
Journal of Microbiological Methods.2026; 240: 107340. CrossRef
Immunohistochemical Characterisation of Innate Immune Cellular Responses in Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Caused by Leishmania donovani
Hasna Riyal, Nilakshi Samaranayake, Priyani Amarathunga, Deepani Munidasa, Nadira Karunaweera
Tropical Medicine & International Health.2025; 30(12): 1331. CrossRef
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Wasia Ullah, Adil Khan, Sadaf Niaz, Maged A Al-Garadi, Nasreen Nasreen, Ayman A Swelum, Mourad Ben Said
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Case Report

Cutaneous Leishmaniasis of the Eyelids: A Case Series with Molecular Identification and Literature Review: Iraj Mohammadpour, Mohammad Hossein Motazedian, Farhad Handjani, Gholam Reza Hatam; Korean J Parasitol 2016;54(6):787-792.
Published online December 31, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2016.54.6.787

Abstract
PDF

Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a protozoan disease which is endemic in Iran. It is transmitted by the Phlebotomus sand fly. The eyelid is rarely involved possibly because the movement of the lids impedes the sand fly from biting the skin in this region. Here, we report 6 rare cases of eyelid CL. The patients were diagnosed by skin scraping, culture, and PCR from the lesions. Skin scraping examination showed Leishmania spp. amastigotes in the cytoplasm of macrophages. Culture examination was positive for Leishmania spp. PCR was positive for Leishmania major and Leishmania tropica. The lesions were disguised as basal cell carcinoma, chalazion, hordeolum, and impetigo. The patients were treated with intramuscular meglumine antimoniate (20 mg/kg/day) for at least 3 weeks. They showed a dramatic response, and the lesions almost completely disappeared. We emphasized the importance of clinical and diagnostic features of lesions, characterized the phylogenetic relationship of isolated parasites, and reviewed the literature on ocular leishmaniasis.

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Nilesh Tejura, Eunjung Kim, Lisa L. Dever, Debra Chew
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Efficacy of cryotherapy plus topical Juniperus excelsa M. Bieb cream versus cryotherapy plus placebo in the treatment of Old World cutaneous leishmaniasis: A triple-blind randomized controlled clinical trial
Mohammad Mahdi Parvizi, Farhad Handjani, Mahmoodreza Moein, Gholamreza Hatam, Majid Nimrouzi, Jafar Hassanzadeh, Nasrin Hamidizadeh, Hamid Reza Khorrami, Mohammad Mehdi Zarshenas, Waleed Saleh Al-Salem
PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases.2017; 11(10): e0005957. CrossRef

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Brief Communication

A First Case of Human Trichuriasis from a Roman Lead Coffin in France: Benjamin Dufour, Maxence Segard, Matthieu Le Bailly; Korean J Parasitol 2016;54(5):625-629.
Published online October 31, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2016.54.5.625

Abstract
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A paleoparasitological study was carried out on 2 lead coffins recovered from the Roman site of Jaunay-Clan (near Poitiers, France). For the first time, this particular type of burial gave positive parasitological results, and eggs of the whipworm Trichuris trichiura were identified in 1 individual. In the present case, thanatomorphose associated with funerary practices may explain the scarcity of the recovered eggs. However, human whipworm has now been observed in 9 individuals dated to the Roman period. The very high frequency of Trichuris sp. eggs in Roman archaeological sites (up to 80%) suggests that fecal peril, hygiene, and waste management were problematic during this period. Finally, due to the fact that very few analyses have been conducted on human bodies dated to the Roman period, more analyses must be performed in the future to provide further information about diseases in the Roman world.

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Paleoparasitological evidence of helminth infections in individuals from two Late Iron Age necropolises in Northern Italy (3rd-1st c. BCE)
Ramón López-Gijón, Zita Laffranchi, Wolf-Rüdiger Teegen, Matthieu Le Bailly, Salvatore Duras, Kévin Roche, Daniele Vitali, Luciano Salzani, Albert Zink, Marco Milella
International Journal of Paleopathology.2025; 51: 1. CrossRef
Parasite eggs in 16th-18th century cesspits from Granada (Spain)
Ramón López-Gijón, Sylvia Jiménez-Brobeil, Rosa Maroto-Benavides, Salvatore Duras, Amjad Suliman, Pablo L. Fernández Romero, Miguel C. Botella-López, Francisco Sánchez-Montes, Piers D. Mitchell
Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports.2024; 53: 104342. CrossRef
Palaeoparasitological evidence for a possible sanitary stone vessel from the Roman city of Viminacium, Serbia
Nemanja Marković, Angelina Raičković Savić, Ana Mitić, Piers D. Mitchell
Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports.2024; 57: 104671. CrossRef
Chemical elemental composition and human taphonomy: A comparative analysis between skeletonised and preserved individuals from six Portuguese public cemeteries
Angela Silva-Bessa, Rui Azevedo, Agostinho Almeida, Lorna Dawson, Shari L. Forbes, Maria Teresa Ferreira, Ricardo Jorge Dinis-Oliveira
Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology.2024; 86: 127551. CrossRef
Implications of the prevalence of Ascaris sp. in the funerary context of a Late Antique population (5th-7th c.) in Granada (Spain)
Ramón López-Gijón, Edgard Camarós, Ángel Rubio-Salvador, Salvatore Duras, Miguel C. Botella-López, Inmaculada Alemán-Aguilera, Ángel Rodríguez-Aguilera, Macarena Bustamante-Álvarez, Lydia P. Sánchez-Barba, Benjamin Dufour, Matthieu Le Bailly
International Journal of Paleopathology.2023; 43: 45. CrossRef
Using parasite analysis to identify ancient chamber pots: An example of the fifth century CE from Gerace, Sicily, Italy
Sophie Rabinow, Tianyi Wang, Roger J.A. Wilson, Piers D. Mitchell
Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports.2022; 42: 103349. CrossRef
First results of the archaeoparasitological study of the Volna 1 burial ground (Temryuk District, Krasnodar Krai)
S.М. Slepchenko, N.I. Sudarev, I.V. Tsokur, A.N. Abramova
VESTNIK ARHEOLOGII, ANTROPOLOGII I ETNOGRAFII.2021; (4(55)): 125. CrossRef
Intestinal Parasitic Infection in the Eastern Roman Empire During the Imperial Period and Late Antiquity
Marissa L. Ledger, Erica Rowan, Frances Gallart Marques, John H. Sigmier, Nataša Šarkić, Saša Redžić, Nicholas D. Cahill, Piers D. Mitchell
American Journal of Archaeology.2020; 124(4): 631. CrossRef
Paleoparasitology of Merovingian Corpses Buried in Stone Sarcophagi in the Saint-Martin-au-Val Church (Chartres, France)
Benjamin Dufour, Emilie Portat, Bruno Bazin, Matthieu Le Bailly
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2019; 57(6): 613. CrossRef
Sépultures privilégiées dans la cité des Pictons : l’espace funéraire de Jaunay-Clan (Vienne)
Maxence Segard, Rémi Corbineau, Cécile de Seréville-Niel, Antoinette Rast-Eicher
Gallia.2019; 76(1): 127. CrossRef
Intestinal parasites from public and private latrines and the harbour canal in Roman Period Ephesus, Turkey (1st c. BCE to 6th c. CE)
Marissa L. Ledger, Friederike Stock, Helmut Schwaiger, Maria Knipping, Helmut Brückner, Sabine Ladstätter, Piers D. Mitchell
Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports.2018; 21: 289. CrossRef

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Mini Review

The Paleoparasitology in Brazil and Findings in Human Remains from South America: A Review: Sh?nia Patr?cia Corr?a Novo, Luiz Fernando Ferreira; Korean J Parasitol 2016;54(5):573-583.
Published online October 31, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2016.54.5.573

Abstract
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Abstract: The review article presents some of the history of how paleoparasitology started in Brazil, making highlight the great responsible Dr. Luiz Fernando Ferreira and Dr. Adauto Ara?jo, the trajectory of paleoparasitology in Brazil since 1978 and its performance in science to the present day. In sequence, it is made a presentation of parasitological findings on human remains found in archaeological sites in South America, highlighting Brazil, Argentina, Chile, and Peru, where major discoveries have occurred. Many of the parasites found in archaeological material and mentioned in this review went out of Africa with the peopling of Europe and from there they dispersed around the world, where climatic conditions allow the transmission. However, humans have acquired other parasites of animals, since humans invaded new habitats or creating new habits adopting new technologies, thus expanding its range of influence on the environment. Thus, this review article is finalized with information that explain the importance of these findings in the interaction between parasites, human host, and ambient.

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First report in pre-Columbian mummies from Bolivia of Enterobius vermicularis infection and capillariid eggs: A contribution to Paleoparasitology studies
Guido Valverde, Viterman Ali, Pamela Durán, Luis Castedo, José Luis Paz, Eddy Martínez
International Journal of Paleopathology.2020; 31: 34. CrossRef
First description of Enterobius vermicularis egg in a coprolite dated from the pre-contact in Brazil
Matheus Lino, Daniela Leles, Alfredo P. Peña, Marina C. Vinaud
Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports.2018; 17: 1. CrossRef
Paleoparasitology and pathoecology in Russia: Investigations and perspectives
Sergey Slepchenko, Karl Reinhard
International Journal of Paleopathology.2018; 22: 39. CrossRef

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3 Web of Science
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Brief Communications

Mass Death of Predatory Carp, Chanodichthys erythropterus, Induced by Plerocercoid Larvae of Ligula intestinalis (Cestoda: Diphyllobothriidae): Woon-Mok Sohn, Byoung-Kuk Na, Soo Gun Jung, Koo Hwan Kim; Korean J Parasitol 2016;54(3):363-368.
Published online June 30, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2016.54.3.363

Abstract
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We describe here the mass death of predatory carp, Chanodichthys erythropterus, in Korea induced by plerocercoid larvae of Ligula intestinalis as a result of host manipulation. The carcasses of fish with ligulid larvae were first found in the river-edge areas of Chilgok-bo in Nakdong-gang (River), Korea at early February 2016. This ecological phenomena also occurred in the adjacent areas of 3 dams of Nakdong-gang, i.e., Gangjeong-bo, Dalseong-bo, and Hapcheon-Changnyeong-bo. Total 1,173 fish carcasses were collected from the 4 regions. To examine the cause of death, we captured 10 wondering carp in the river-edge areas of Hapcheon-Changnyeong-bo with a landing net. They were 24.0-28.5 cm in length and 147-257 g in weight, and had 2-11 plerocercoid larvae in the abdominal cavity. Their digestive organs were slender and empty, and reproductive organs were not observed at all. The plerocercoid larvae occupied almost all spaces of the abdominal cavity under the air bladders. The proportion of larvae per fish was 14.6-32.1% of body weight. The larvae were ivory-white, 21.5-63.0 cm long, and 6.0-13.8 g in weight. We suggest that the preference for the river-edge in infected fish during winter is a modified behavioral response by host manipulation of the tapeworm larvae. The life cycle of this tapeworm seems to be successfully continued as the infected fish can be easily eaten by avian definitive hosts.

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De Novo transcriptome assembly of Ligula intestinalis (Linnaeus, 1758) Gmelin, 1790 (Cestoda: Diphyllobothriidae) plerocercoids and their host, the common bream Abramis Brama L. (Cypriniformes: Leuciscidae): model for studying host-parasite interactions
Albina Tsekova, Polina Drozdova, Irina Sukhovskaya, Daria Lebedeva, Liudmila Lysenko, Nadezhda Kantserova
Molecular Biology Reports.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Effect of parasitic infection on microplastic ingestion in a native leuciscid hybrid species (Alburnus derjugini x Squalius orientalis) from Kürtün Dam Lake, Türkiye
Mert Minaz, Zeynep Zehra Ipek, Esra Bayçelebi, Munevver Oral, Tanju Mutlu, Baris Karsli, Sevki Kayis
Chemosphere.2024; 363: 142978. CrossRef
Destabilization Processes in the Hemopoietic Organs of Goldfish as a Consequence of the Survival Strategy of Cestode Ligula (Digramma) interrupta (Cestoda: Pseudophyllidea)
O. E. Mazur, I. A. Kutyrev, Zh. N. Dugarov
Inland Water Biology.2022; 15(4): 476. CrossRef
Impact of Endocrine Disruption on Host-Parasite Interaction: A Digest from a Cosmopolitan Cestode Model Ligula intestinalis
Roshmi Biswas, Anirban Ash
Proceedings of the Zoological Society.2021; 74(4): 523. CrossRef
Comparative mitogenomics supports synonymy of the genera Ligula and Digramma (Cestoda: Diphyllobothriidae)
Wen X. Li, Pei P. Fu, Dong Zhang, Kellyanne Boyce, Bing W. Xi, Hong Zou, Ming Li, Shan G. Wu, Gui T. Wang
Parasites & Vectors.2018;[Epub] CrossRef
Molecular Identification of Cestoda Isolated from Erythroculter erythropterus
Aram HEO, Nam-Sil LEE, KwangIl KIM, Na Young KIM, Sung-Hee JUNG, Myoung Sug KIM
JOURNAL OF FISHRIES AND MARINE SCIENCES EDUCATION.2018; 30(6): 1978. CrossRef
Infection status with plerocercoid of ligulid tapeworm in cyprinid fish from three lakes in Republic of Korea
H. B. Song, G. M. Park
Helminthologia.2018; 55(3): 251. CrossRef

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Prevalence of Enteric Protozoan Oocysts with Special Reference to Sarcocystis cruzi among Fecal Samples of Diarrheic Immunodeficient Patients in Iran: Mahmoud Agholi, Shahrbanou Naderi Shahabadi, Mohammad Hossein Motazedian, Gholam Reza Hatam; Korean J Parasitol 2016;54(3):339-344.
Published online June 30, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2016.54.3.339

Abstract
PDF

The genus Sarcocystis is not usually considered as an important enteric pathogen in immune compromised patients. It might be expected that species for which humans are the final host (Sarcocystis hominis and Sarcocystis suihominis as well as possibly others) would be encountered increasingly often in immunodeficient persons. This study aimed to address how to detect and differentiate Sarcocystis oocysts and/or sporocysts from enteric protozoans in the diarrheal samples of immunodeficient patients in Shiraz, Iran. Diarrheal samples of 741 immunodeficient patients with recurrent persistent or chronic diarrhea were examined by microscopy and molecular biological analysis. Oocysts-positive samples were 68 Cryptosporidium spp., 9 Cystoisospora belli (syn. Isospora belli), 2 Cyclospora cayetanensis, and 15 microsporidia (Enterocytozoon bieneusi). Sarcocystis-like sporocysts found from a woman were identified as Sarcocystis cruzi through 18S rDNA amplification and phylogenetic analysis. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of S. cruzi from a human.

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Simultaneous Detection of Sarcocystis hominis, S. heydorni, and S. sigmoideus in Human Intestinal Sarcocystosis, France, 2021–2024
Maxime Moniot, Patricia Combes, Damien Costa, Nicolas Argy, Marie-Fleur Durieux, Thomas Nicol, Céline Nourrisson, Philippe Poirier
Emerging Infectious Diseases.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Unveiling the hidden threat: prevalence of Enterocytozoon bieneusi and other intestinal parasitic infections among organ transplant recipients in Southern Iran
Mohammad Hossein Motazedian, Leila Morabi, Shahrokh Ezzatzadegan Jahromi, Mojtaba Shafiekhani, Saeed Shahabi, Hamed Nikoupour Dailami, Siavash Gholami, Bahador Sarkari
Gut Pathogens.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
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S. N. Hussein, M. S. Shukur, A. A. Ibrahim
BULGARIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY MEDICINE.2025; 28(2): 210. CrossRef
Worldwide Epidemiology of Cyclospora cayetanensis in HIV/AIDS Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Farzad Mahdavi, Ali Pouryousef, Mohammad Reza Mohammadi, Kambiz Karimi, Asma Mousivand, Farajolah Maleki, Ali Asghari, Mina Mamizadeh
Acta Parasitologica.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Cyclospora cayetanensis in Immunocompromised Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Ali Ghorbani, Rostam Menati, Farshad Kakian, Ali Pouryousef, Asma Mousivand, Kambiz Karimi, Farajolah Maleki, Ali Asghari, Jalil Feizi, Panagiotis Karanis
Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Infectious etiologies of persistent and chronic diarrhea in Asian developing countries: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Matthew Chung Yi Koh, Shi Ni Tan, Jinghao Nicholas Ngiam, Paul Anantharajah Tambyah, Kewin Tien Ho Siah
Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology.2024; 39(9): 1760. CrossRef
Microscopic and Molecular Identification of Cyclospora cayetanensis and Cystoisospora belli in HIV-Infected People in Tabriz, Northwest of Iran
Saba Ramezanzadeh, Gholamreza Barzegar, Hamid Owaysee Osquee, Majid Pirestani, Mahmoud Mahami-Oskouei, Maryam Hajizadeh, Seyed Abdollah Hosseini, Sonia M. Rodrigues Oliveira, Mahmoud Agholi, Maria de Lourdes Pereira, Ehsan Ahmadpour
Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease.2023; 8(7): 368. CrossRef
Prevalence of Intestinal Parasitic Diseases in HIV Patients in Tabriz(Original article)
Saba Ramezanzadeh, Golam Reza Barzegar, Hamid Oveisi Oskouei, Majid Pirestani, Mahmoud Mahami-Oskouei, Farzaneh Jafarian, Ehsan Ahmadpour, Seyed Abdollah Hosseini
Journal of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences.2023; 23(4): 352. CrossRef
Global Burden of Cyclospora cayetanensis Infection and Associated Risk Factors in People Living with HIV and/or AIDS
Saba Ramezanzadeh, Apostolos Beloukas, Abdol Sattar Pagheh, Mohammad Taghi Rahimi, Seyed Abdollah Hosseini, Sonia M. Rodrigues Oliveira, Maria de Lourdes Pereira, Ehsan Ahmadpour
Viruses.2022; 14(6): 1279. CrossRef
Investigation of Sarcocystis spp. in slaughtered cattle and sheep by peptic digestion and histological examination in Sulaimani Province, Iraq
Shadan Hassan Abdullah
Veterinary World.2021; 14(2): 468. CrossRef
Prevalence of intestinal microsporidiosis by morphological and molecular methods in eastern Iran
Mahmoodreza Behravan, Mustapha Ahmed Yusuf, Rahmat Solgi, Ali Haghighi
Gene Reports.2021; 24: 101296. CrossRef
Comparison of Two Real-Time PCR Assays Targeting Ribosomal Sequences for the Identification of Cystoisospora belli in Human Stool Samples
Martin Blohm, Andreas Hahn, Ralf Matthias Hagen, Kirsten Alexandra Eberhardt, Holger Rohde, Gérard Leboulle, Torsten Feldt, Fred Stephen Sarfo, Veronica Di Cristanziano, Hagen Frickmann, Ulrike Loderstädt
Pathogens.2021; 10(8): 1053. CrossRef
Molecular differentiation of cattle Sarcocystis spp. by multiplex PCR targeting 18S and COI genes following identification of Sarcocystis hominis in human stool samples
S. Rubiola, T. Civera, E. Ferroglio, S. Zanet, T. Zaccaria, S. Brossa, R. Cipriani, F. Chiesa
Food and Waterborne Parasitology.2020; 18: e00074. CrossRef
Sarcocystosis in Ruminants of Iran, as Neglected Food-Borne Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Davood Anvari, Elahe Narouei, Mona Hosseini, Mohammad Reza Narouei, Ahmad Daryani, Seyyed Ali Shariatzadeh, Abdol Sattar Pagheh, Shirzad Gholami, Shahabeddin Sarvi, Dariush Sargazi, Reza Saberi, Seyed Abdollah Hosseini, Abolghasem Siyadatpanah
Acta Parasitologica.2020; 65(3): 555. CrossRef
Cystoisospora belliinfections in humans: the past 100 years
J. P. Dubey, S. Almeria
Parasitology.2019; 146(12): 1490. CrossRef
Sarcocystis spp. in Romanian Slaughtered Cattle: Molecular Characterization and Epidemiological Significance of the Findings
Kálmán Imre, Gheorghe Dărăbuș, Emil Tîrziu, Sorin Morariu, Mirela Imre, Judit Plutzer, Marius V. Boldea, Adriana Morar
BioMed Research International.2019; 2019: 1. CrossRef
First molecular characterization of Sarcocystis spp. in cattle in Qena Governorate, Upper Egypt
Asmaa M. El-kady, Nermean M. Hussein, Amal A. Hassan
Journal of Parasitic Diseases.2018; 42(1): 114. CrossRef
Simultaneous Molecular Detection of Cryptosporidium and Cyclospora from Raw Vegetables in Korea
Seobo Sim, Jua Won, Jae-Whan Kim, Kyungjin Kim, Woo-Yoon Park, Jae-Ran Yu
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2017; 55(2): 137. CrossRef
Molecular Identification of Sarcocystis spp. in Sheep and Cattle by PCR-RFLP from Southwest of Iran
Mahmoud Rahdar, Tahereh Kardooni
Jundishapur Journal of Microbiology.2017;[Epub] CrossRef
Human intestinal sarcocystosis in Iran: there but not seen
Mahmoud Agholi, Zahra Taghadosi, Davood Mehrabani, Farzaneh Zahabiun, Zahra Sharafi, Mohammad Hossein Motazedian, Gholam Reza Hatam, Shahrbanou Naderi Shahabadi
Parasitology Research.2016; 115(12): 4527. CrossRef

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Prevalence of Trichomoniasis by PCR in Women Attending Health Screening in Korea: Seung-Ryong Kim, Jung-Hyun Kim, Na-Yeong Gu, Yong-Suk Kim, Yeon-Chul Hong, Jae-Sook Ryu; Korean J Parasitol 2016;54(2):187-190.
Published online April 30, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2016.54.2.187

Abstract
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Trichomoniasis is the most common curable sexually-transmitted infection (STI) worldwide. There are few reports on the prevalence of Trichomonas vaginalis in Korea. The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence of trichomoniasis by PCR in Guri city, Korea. All adult women who visited Hanyang University Guri Hospital for health screening within the National Health Care Service were invited to participate in the study, and 424 women were enrolled between March and June 2011. PCR was used to detect Trichomonas vaginalis using primers based on a repetitive sequence cloned from T. vaginalis (TV-E650). Fourteen women (3.3%) were found to have T. vaginalis. All were over 50, and they were significantly older on average than the 410 Trichomonas-negative women (mean ages 63.4 vs 55.3 years). It seems that T. vaginalis infection is not rare in women receiving health screening, especially among those over 50.

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Molecular diagnosis of Trichomonas vaginalis in liquid-based Papanicolaou samples in Shiraz, southern Iran
Mohammad Saleh Bahreini, Samaneh Sedghi, Yalda Badalzadeh, Mohammad Hossein Motazedian, Manouchehr Shirani, Sareh Sami Jahromi, Aref Teimouri, Mahmoud Agholi, Qasem Asgari
BMC Women's Health.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Construction a novel detection method for Trichomonas vaginalis based on recombinant enzyme polymerase amplification targeting the Actin gene
Fakun Li, Yangyang Deng, Wanxin Sheng, Xihui Gao, Weijuan Wang, Zhili Chu, Xuefang Mei, Zhenke Yang, Xiaowei Tian, Shuai Wang, Zhenchao Zhang
Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Molecular characterization of Trichomonas infections in women of Ilam City, southwestern Iran
Maryam Alikhani, Mohammad Akhoundi, Denis Sereno, Jahangir Abdi, Razi Naserifar, Mohammad Reza Mahmoudi, Asad Mirzaei
Parasitology Research.2022; 121(6): 1631. CrossRef
Status of common parasitic diseases in Korea in 2019
Sun Huh
Journal of the Korean Medical Association.2019; 62(8): 437. CrossRef

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Original Articles

Tamoxifen Induces Apoptosis of Leishmania major Promastigotes in Vitro: Masoud Doroodgar, Mahdi Delavari, Moein Doroodgar, Ali Abbasi, Ali Akbar Taherian, Abbas Doroodgar; Korean J Parasitol 2016;54(1):9-14.
Published online February 26, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2016.54.1.9

Abstract
PDF

Tamoxifen is an antagonist of the estrogen receptor and currently used for the treatment of breast cancer. The current treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis with pentavalent antimony compounds is not satisfactory. Therefore, in this study, due to its antileishmanial activity, effects of tamoxifen on the growth of promastigotes and amastigotes of Leishmania major Iranian strain were evaluated in vitro. Promastigotes and amastigotes were treated with different concentrations (1, 5, 10, 20, and 50 μg/ml) and time periods (24, 48, and 72 hr) of tamoxifen. After tamoxifen treatment, MTT assay (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 biphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay) was used to determine the percentage of live parasites and Graph Pad Prism software to calculate IC₅₀. Flow cytometry was applied to investigate the induction of tamoxifen-induced apoptosis in promastigotes. The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) of tamoxifen on promastigotes was 2.6 μg/ml after 24 hr treatment. Flow cytometry analysis showed that tamoxifen induced early and late apoptosis in Leishmania promastigotes. While after 48 hr in control group the apoptosis was 2.0%, the 50 ?g/L concentration of tamoxifen increased it to 59.7%. Based on the in vitro antileishmanial effect, tamoxifen might be used for leishmaniasis treatment; however, further researches on in vivo effects of tamoxifen in animal models are needed.

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Therapeutic effect of topical tamoxifen in murine cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania major
Parastoo Hassani-Abharian, Seyedamirmehdi Hejazi Dehaghani, Zabihollah Shahmoradi, Seyed Hossein Hejazi, Audrey Odom John
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Compared Antileishmanial Activity of Clomiphene and Tamoxifen
Sergio Sifontes-Rodríguez, Alma Reyna Escalona-Montaño, Ricardo Mondragón Flores, Niurka Mollineda-Diogo, Lianet Monzote Fidalgo, Mónica Edith Mondragón-Castelán, Fedra Alardin-Gutiérrez, Lourdes Araceli López-Enzana, Daniel Andrés Sánchez-Almaraz, Ofelia
Biomedicines.2024; 12(10): 2290. CrossRef
Caryocar coriaceumWittm. fruit extracts asLeishmaniainhibitors:in-vitroandin-silicoapproaches
Fernanda Tomiotto-Pellissier, Daniela Ribeiro Alves, Selene Maia de Morais, Bruna Taciane da Silva Bortoleti, Manoela Daiele Gonçalves, Taylon Felipe Silva, Eliandro Reis Tavares, Lucy Megumi Yamauchi, Idessania Nazareth Costa, Emmanuel Silva Marinho, Mar
Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics.2022; 40(17): 8040. CrossRef
Antileishmanial Activity of Tamoxifen by Targeting Sphingolipid Metabolism: A Review
Kaleab Alemayehu Zewdie, Haftom Gebregergs Hailu, Muluken Altaye Ayza, Bekalu Amare Tesfaye
Clinical Pharmacology: Advances and Applications.2022; Volume 14: 11. CrossRef
The potential role and apoptotic profile of three medicinal plant extracts on Leishmania tropica by MTT assay, macrophage model and flow cytometry analysis
Mozhde Ilaghi, Iraj Sharifi, Fariba Sharififar, Fatemeh Sharifi, Razieh Tavakoli Oliaee, Zahra Babaei, Manzume Shamsi Meimamandi, Alireza Keyhani, Mehdi Bamorovat
Parasite Epidemiology and Control.2021; 12: e00201. CrossRef
Apoptosis-Like Cell Death in Leishmania major Treated with HESA-A: An Herbal Marine Compound
Jasem Saki, Khalil Saki, Reza Arjmand
Jundishapur Journal of Natural Pharmaceutical Products.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators Against Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria: An Experimental Study
Aakriti Garg, Arti Singh, Anoop Kumar
Future Microbiology.2021; 16(13): 987. CrossRef
Network-Based Approaches Reveal Potential Therapeutic Targets for Host-Directed Antileishmanial Therapy Driving Drug Repurposing
J. Eduardo Martinez-Hernandez, Zaynab Hammoud, Alessandra Mara de Sousa, Frank Kramer, Rubens L. do Monte-Neto, Vinicius Maracaja-Coutinho, Alberto J. M. Martin, Tim Downing
Microbiology Spectrum.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Male predominance in reported Visceral Leishmaniasis cases: Nature or nurture? A comparison of population-based with health facility-reported data
Kristien Cloots, Sakib Burza, Paritosh Malaviya, Epco Hasker, Sangeeta Kansal, Guy Mollett, Jaya Chakravarty, Nurpur Roy, Bibek Kumar Lal, Suman Rijal, Shyam Sundar, Marleen Boelaert, Guilherme L. Werneck
PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases.2020; 14(1): e0007995. CrossRef
Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERMs): Mechanistic Insights Against Microbial Infections
Aakriti Garg, Balraj Singh, Ruchika Sharma, Arti Singh, Anoop Kumar
Current Molecular Medicine.2020; 20(2): 102. CrossRef
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Nasrin Rezaee, Vahid Raissi, Ahmad Rajaeipour, Mehdi Nazari, Muhammad Getso, Ali Taghipour, Omid Raiesi, Asmaa Ibrahim
Acta Parasitologica.2020; 65(3): 760. CrossRef
Diethyldithiocarbamate encapsulation reduces toxicity and promotes leishmanicidal effect through apoptosis-like mechanism in promastigote and ROS production by macrophage
João Paulo Assolini, Fernanda Tomiotto-Pellissier, Bruna Taciane da Silva Bortoleti, Manoela Daiele Gonçalves, Claudia Stoeglehner Sahd, Amanda Cristina Machado Carloto, Paulo Emilio Feuser, Arthur Poester Cordeiro, Sergio Marques Borghi, Waldiceu Apareci
Journal of Drug Targeting.2020; 28(10): 1110. CrossRef
4-nitrochalcone exerts leishmanicidal effect on L. amazonensis promastigotes and intracellular amastigotes, and the 4-nitrochalcone encapsulation in beeswax copaiba oil nanoparticles reduces macrophages cytotoxicity
João Paulo Assolini, Thais Peron da Silva, Bruna Taciane da Silva Bortoleti, Manoela Daiele Gonçalves, Fernanda Tomiotto-Pellissier, Claudia Stoeglehner Sahd, Amanda Cristina Machado Carloto, Paulo Emilio Feuser, Arthur Poester Cordeiro, Claudia Sayer, Pe
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Masoud Keighobadi, Saeed Emami, Mahdi Fakhar, Azar Shokri, Hassan Mirzaei, Saeed Hosseini Teshnizi
Parasitology International.2019; 69: 103. CrossRef
Study of Ethinyl Estradiol Activity Against Promastigotes, Axenic and Macrophage-Dwelling Amastigotes of Leishmania infantum by Using Atomic Force Microscopy and Methyl Thiazolyl Tetrazolium Methods
Farnoush Shadnoush, Reza Arjmand, Fakher Rahim, Jasem Saki
Jundishapur Journal of Microbiology.2019;[Epub] CrossRef
Repurposing as a strategy for the discovery of new anti-leishmanials: the-state-of-the-art
REBECCA L. CHARLTON, BARTIRA ROSSI-BERGMANN, PAUL W. DENNY, PATRICK G. STEEL
Parasitology.2018; 145(2): 219. CrossRef
Caryocar coriaceum extracts exert leishmanicidal effect acting in promastigote forms by apoptosis-like mechanism and intracellular amastigotes by Nrf2/HO-1/ferritin dependent response and iron depletion
Fernanda Tomiotto-Pellissier, Daniela Ribeiro Alves, Milena Menegazzo Miranda-Sapla, Selene Maia de Morais, João Paulo Assolini, Bruna Taciane da Silva Bortoleti, Manoela Daiele Gonçalves, Allan Henrique Depieri Cataneo, Danielle Kian, Tiago Bervelieri Ma
Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy.2018; 98: 662. CrossRef
Epidemiological Aspects of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis during 2009-2016 in Kashan City, Central Iran
Doroodgar Moein, Doroodgar Masoud, Mahboobi Saeed, Doroodgar Abbas
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2018; 56(1): 21. CrossRef
Tamoxifen Never Ceases to Amaze: New Findings on Non-Estrogen Receptor Molecular Targets and Mediated Effects
Tatiana Anatolievna Bogush, Boris Borisovich Polezhaev, Ivan Andreevich Mamichev, Elena Alexandrovna Bogush, Boris Evseevich Polotsky, Sergei Alexeevich Tjulandin, Andrey Borisovich Ryabov
Cancer Investigation.2018; 36(4): 211. CrossRef
Cell death mechanisms in Leishmania amazonensis triggered by methylene blue-mediated antiparasitic photodynamic therapy
Débora P. Aureliano, José Angelo Lauletta Lindoso, Sandra Regina de Castro Soares, Cleusa Fumika Hirata Takakura, Thiago Martini Pereira, Martha Simões Ribeiro
Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy.2018; 23: 1. CrossRef
Grandiflorenic acid promotes death of promastigotes via apoptosis-like mechanism and affects amastigotes by increasing total iron bound capacity
Bruna Taciane da Silva Bortoleti, Manoela Daiele Gonçalves, Fernanda Tomiotto-Pellissier, Milena Menegazzo Miranda-Sapla, João Paulo Assolini, Amanda Cristina Machado Carloto, Priscila Goes Camargo de Carvalho, Ian Lucas Alves Cardoso, Andréa Name Colado
Phytomedicine.2018; 46: 11. CrossRef
In vitro Effects of Ketotifen and Cromolyn Sodium on Promastigote and Amastigotes of Leishmania major
Lima Asgharpour Sarouey, Khadijeh Khanaliha, Parvaneh Rahimi-Moghaddam, Samaneh Khorrami, Mohammad Saaid Dayer, Fatemeh Tabatabaie
Jundishapur Journal of Microbiology.2018;[Epub] CrossRef
Repurposing Estrogen Receptor Antagonists for the Treatment of Infectious Disease
Marhiah C. Montoya, Damian J. Krysan, Danielle A. Garsin
mBio.2018;[Epub] CrossRef
Library of Seleno-Compounds as Novel Agents against Leishmania Species
Álvaro Martín-Montes, Daniel Plano, Rubén Martín-Escolano, Verónica Alcolea, Marta Díaz, Silvia Pérez-Silanes, Socorro Espuelas, Esther Moreno, Clotilde Marín, Ramón Gutiérrez-Sánchez, Carmen Sanmartín, Manuel Sánchez-Moreno
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy.2017;[Epub] CrossRef
Evaluation of the Cytotoxicity Effect of Chaerophyllum Extract on Leishmania major and J774 Cell Line in Vitro
Parisa Ebrahimisadr, Hamidreza Majidiani, Farahnaz Bineshian, Farnoosh Jameie, Ezatollah Ghasemi, Fatemeh Ghaffarifar
Jundishapur Journal of Natural Pharmaceutical Products.2016;[Epub] CrossRef
Evaluation of the Cytotoxicity Effect of Chaerophyllum Extract on Leishmania major and J774 Cell Line in Vitro
Parisa Ebrahimisadr, Hamidreza Majidiani, Farahnaz Bineshian, Farnoosh Jameie, Ezatollah Ghasemi, Fatemeh Ghaffarifar
Jundishapur Journal of Natural Pharmaceutical Products.2016;[Epub] CrossRef

10,861 View
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29 Web of Science
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An Improved PCR-RFLP Assay for Detection and Genotyping of Asymptomatic Giardia lamblia Infection in a Resource-Poor Setting: Yoursry Hawash, M. M. Ghonaim, S. S. Al-Shehri; Korean J Parasitol 2016;54(1):1-8.
Published online February 26, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2016.54.1.1

Abstract
PDF

Laboratory workers, in resource-poor countries, still consider PCR detection of Giardia lamblia more costly and more time-consuming than the classical parasitological techniques. Based on 2 published primers, an in-house one-round touchdown PCR-RFLP assay was developed. The assay was validated with an internal amplification control included in reactions. Performance of the assay was assessed with DNA samples of various purities, 91 control fecal samples with various parasite load, and 472 samples of unknown results. Two cysts per reaction were enough for PCR detection by the assay with exhibited specificity (Sp) and sensitivity (Se) of 100% and 93%, respectively. Taking a published small subunit rRNA reference PCR test results (6%; 29/472) as a nominated gold standard, G. lamblia was identified in 5.9% (28/472), 5.2%, (25/472), and 3.6% (17/472) by PCR assay, RIDA^® Quick Giardia antigen detection test (R-Biopharm, Darmstadt, Germany), and iodine-stained smear microscopy, respectively. The percent agreements (kappa values) of 99.7% (0.745), 98.9% (0.900), and 97.7% (0.981) were exhibited between the assay results and that of the reference PCR, immunoassay, and microscopy, respectively. Restriction digestion of the 28 Giardia-positive samples revealed genotype A pattern in 12 and genotype B profile in 16 samples. The PCR assay with the described format and exhibited performance has a great potential to be adopted in basic clinical laboratories as a detection tool for G. lamblia especially in asymptomatic infections. This potential is increased more in particular situations where identification of the parasite genotype represents a major requirement as in epidemiological studies and infection outbreaks.

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A rapid economical multiplex PCR-RFLP method for molecular detection and genotyping of Giardia duodenalis clinical isolates
Ajanta Ghosal, Sanjib K. Sardar, Tapas Haldar, Akash Prasad, Koushik Das, Seiki Kobayashi, Yumiko Saito-Nakano, Shanta Dutta, Tomoyoshi Nozaki, Sandipan Ganguly
Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease.2024; 110(4): 116548. CrossRef
Comparison of ELISA, nested PCR and sequencing and a novel qPCR for detection of Giardia isolates from Jordan
Nawal Hijjawi, Rongchang Yang, Ma'mon Hatmal, Yasmeen Yassin, Taghrid Mharib, Rami Mukbel, Sameer Alhaj Mahmoud, Abdel-Ellah Al-Shudifat, Una Ryan
Experimental Parasitology.2018; 185: 23. CrossRef
Methods for the detection of Cryptosporidium and Giardia: From microscopy to nucleic acid based tools in clinical and environmental regimes
Folasade Esther Adeyemo, Gulshan Singh, Poovendhree Reddy, Thor Axel Stenström
Acta Tropica.2018; 184: 15. CrossRef
High Frequency of Enteric Protozoan, Viral, and Bacterial Potential Pathogens in Community-Acquired Acute Diarrheal Episodes: Evidence Based on Results of Luminex Gastrointestinal Pathogen Panel Assay
Yousry A. Hawash, Khadiga A. Ismail, Mazen Almehmadi
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2017; 55(5): 513. CrossRef

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Case Report

Ectopic Human Fasciola hepatica Infection by an Adult Worm in the Mesocolon: Ah Jin Kim, Chang Hwan Choi, Sun Keun Choi, Yong Woon Shin, Yun-Kyu Park, Lucia Kim, Suk Jin Choi, Jee Young Han, Joon Mee Kim, Young Chae Chu, In Suh Park; Korean J Parasitol 2015;53(6):725-730.
Published online December 31, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2015.53.6.725

Abstract
PDF

We report here an ectopic case of Fasciola hepatica infection confirmed by recovery of an adult worm in the mesocolon. A 56-year-old female was admitted to our hospital with discomfort and pain in the left lower quadrant of the abdomen. Abdominal CT showed 3 abscesses in the left upper quadrant, mesentery, and pelvic cavity. On surgical exploration, abscess pockets were found in the mesocolon of the sigmoid colon and transverse colon. A leaf-like worm found in the abscess pocket of the mesocolon of the left colon was diagnosed as an adult fluke of F. hepatica. Histologically, numerous eggs of F. hepatica were noted with acute and chronic granulomatous inflammations in the subserosa and pericolic adipose tissues. Conclusively, a rare case of ectopic fascioliasis has been confirmed in this study by the adult worm recovery of F. hepatica in the mesocolon.

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Mohsen Arbabi, Hossein Hooshyar, Mahdi Delavari
Journal of Parasitic Diseases.2025; 49(2): 453. CrossRef
Hepatic and Extrahepatic Fascioliasis Mimicking Colon Cancer with Hepatic Metastasis
Youe Ree Kim, Young Hwan Lee, Kwon-Ha Yoon
Korean Journal of Abdominal Radiology.2022; 6(1): 51. CrossRef
Phylogenetic Characteristics of Fasciola hepatica Isolated from a Korean Patient
Mi Jin Jeong, Jae Kyun Park, Hak Sun Yu
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2022; 60(5): 367. CrossRef
Prevalence of Schistosoma japonicum infection in water buffaloes in selected areas in Davao del Norte and Davao de Oro, the Philippines
Rohani C. Navarro, Aleyla E. de Cadiz, Jordan M. Fronda, Lynnell Alexie D. Ong, Vicente Y. Belizario Jr.
International Journal of One Health.2021; 7(1): 12. CrossRef
Ascariasis Presenting as Hematoma in the Sigmoid Mesocolon: A Case Report
Ji-Eun Kim, Kyung Eun Bae, Hyun-Jung Kim, Byung-Noe Bae, Ji Hae Lee, Mi-Jin Kang, Ji-Young Kim, Jae Hyung Kim
Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology.2020; 81(4): 1013. CrossRef
Parasitological monitoring of European bison (Bison bonasus) from three forests of north-eastern Poland between 2014 and 2016
Michał K. Krzysiak, Aleksander W. Demiaszkiewicz, Magdalena Larska, Jarosław Tomana, Krzysztof Anusz
Journal of Veterinary Research.2020; 64(1): 103. CrossRef
NumerousFasciolaplasminogen-binding proteins may underlie blood-brain barrier leakage and explain neurological disorder complexity and heterogeneity in the acute and chronic phases of human fascioliasis
J. González-Miguel, M. A. Valero, M. Reguera-Gomez, C. Mas-Bargues, M. D. Bargues, F. Simón, S. Mas-Coma
Parasitology.2019; 146(3): 284. CrossRef
Highlights of human ectopic fascioliasis: a systematic review
Ali Taghipour, Leila Zaki, Ali Rostami, Masoud Foroutan, Fatemeh Ghaffarifar, Atefeh Fathi, Amir Abdoli
Infectious Diseases.2019; 51(11-12): 785. CrossRef
A Case of Ectopic Peritoneal Paragonimiasis Mimicking Diverticulitis or Abdominal Abscess
Min Jae Kim, Sung-Han Kim, Sang-Oh Lee, Sang-Ho Choi, Yang Soo Kim, Jun Hee Woo, Yong Sik Yoon, Kyung Won Kim, Jaeeun Cho, Jong-Yil Chai, Yong Pil Chong
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2017; 55(3): 313. CrossRef

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Original Article

Molecular Identification of Diphyllobothrium nihonkaiense from 3 Human Cases in Heilongjiang Province with a Brief Literature Review in China: Weizhe Zhang, Fei Che, Song Tian, Jing Shu, Xiaoli Zhang; Korean J Parasitol 2015;53(6):683-688.
Published online December 31, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2015.53.6.683

Abstract
PDF

Human diphyllobothriasis is a widespread fish-borne zoonosis caused by the infection with broad tapeworms belonging to the genus Diphyllobothrium. In mainland China, so far 20 human cases of Diphyllobothrium infections have been reported, and the etiologic species were identified as D. latum and D. nihonkaiense based on morphological characteristics or molecular analysis. In the present study, proglottids of diphyllobothriid tapeworms from 3 human cases that occurred in Heilongjiang Province, China were identified as D. nihonkaiense by sequencing mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (cox1) and NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5 (nad5) genes. Two different cox1 gene sequences were obtained. One sequence showed 100% homology with those from humans in Japan. The remaining cox1 gene sequence and 2 different nad5 gene sequences obtained were not described previously, and might reflect endemic genetic characterizations. D. nihonkaiense might also be a major causative species of human diphyllobothriasis in China. Meanwhile, the finding of the first pediatric case of D. nihonkaiense infection in China suggests that infants infected with D. nihonkaiense should not be ignored.

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Dietary footprints of a global parasite: diagnosing Dibothriocephalus nihonkaiensis in non-endemic regions
Wilson G.W. Goh, Jean-Marc Chavatte, Gabriel Z.R. Yan, Yuan Yi Constance Chen, Mark Dhinesh Muthiah, Lionel H.W. Lum
Gut Pathogens.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Identification of Dibothriocephalus nihonkaiensis plerocercoids from the autumn chum salmon Oncorhynchus keta of the Amur River basin by molecular datas
A. G. Dragomeretskaya, Yu. I. Moskvina, V. O. Kotova, L. V. Butakova, S. I. Gaer, O. E. Trotsenko, E. V. Podorozhnyuk
Russian Journal of Parasitology.2024; 18(4): 388. CrossRef
Epidemiology ofDiphyllobothrium nihonkaienseDiphyllobothriasis, Japan, 2001–2016
Hiroshi Ikuno, Shinkichi Akao, Hiroshi Yamasaki
Emerging Infectious Diseases.2018;[Epub] CrossRef
Four Human Cases of Diphyllobothrium nihonkaiense (Eucestoda: Diphyllobothriidae) in China with a Brief Review of Chinese Cases
Yu-Chun Cai, Shao-Hong Chen, Hiroshi Yamasaki, Jia-Xu Chen, Yan Lu, Yong-Nian Zhang, Hao Li, Lin Ai, Hai-Ning Chen
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2017; 55(3): 319. CrossRef
Intestinal cestodes
Camille Webb, Miguel M. Cabada
Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases.2017; 30(5): 504. CrossRef

10,424 View
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Mini Review

Plasmodium knowlesi as a Threat to Global Public Health: Roland Wesolowski, Alina Wozniak, Celestyna Mila-Kierzenkowska, Karolina Szewczyk-Golec; Korean J Parasitol 2015;53(5):575-581.
Published online October 29, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2015.53.5.575

Abstract
PDF

Malaria is a tropical disease caused by protozoans of the Plasmodium genus. Delayed diagnosis and misdiagnosis are strongly associated with higher mortality. In recent years, a greater importance is attributed to Plasmodium knowlesi, a species found mainly in Southeast Asia. Routine parasitological diagnostics are associated with certain limitations and difficulties in unambiguous determination of the parasite species based only on microscopic image. Recently, molecular techniques have been increasingly used for predictive diagnosis. The aim of the study is to draw attention to the risk of travelling to knowlesi malaria endemic areas and to raise awareness among personnel involved in the therapeutic process.

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J. Divyaparvathy, Harishma Ramesh
Indian Journal of Community Medicine.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Mass spectrometry-based metabolomics uncovers distinct metabolic signatures and potential therapeutic targets in Plasmodium knowlesi
Naphatsamon Uthailak, Sadudee Chotirat, Ammarind Anatjitsupha, Waraporn Thongyod, Phornpimon Tipthara, Jetsumon Sattabongkot, Joel Tarning, Wang Nguitragool, Onrapak Reamtong, Érika Martins Braga
PLOS One.2025; 20(11): e0337058. CrossRef
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Allison Bailey, Paula R. Prist
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2024; 21(5): 576. CrossRef
International modified Delphi study on malaria preventive behaviour: new themes, contexts and framework for future research onPlasmodium knowlesimalaria
Nurul Athirah Naserrudin, Rozita Hod, Mohammad Saffree Jeffree, Kamruddin Ahmed, Mohd Rohaizat Hassan
BMJ Open.2023; 13(3): e067451. CrossRef
Developing a Predictive Model for Plasmodium knowlesi–Susceptible Areas in Malaysia Using Geospatial Data and Artificial Neural Networks
Rozita Hod, Siti Aisah Mokhtar, Farrah Melissa Muharam, Ummi Kalthom Shamsudin, Jamal Hisham Hashim
Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health.2022; 34(2-3): 182. CrossRef
In silico design, chemical synthesis and biological screening of novel 4‐(1H)‐pyridone‐based antimalarial agents
Oluwatosin Audu, Andre Stander, Olayinka Ajani, Samuel Egieyeh, Natasha October
Chemical Biology & Drug Design.2022; 99(5): 674. CrossRef
Characteristics of Plasmodium knowlesi Malaria based on the results of PCR examinations in Aceh Besar District
N R Puetri, Y Fahrimal, Farida, Salmiaty
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science.2021; 711(1): 012027. CrossRef
Airport Malaria in Non-Endemic Areas: New Insights into Mosquito Vectors, Case Management and Major Challenges
Leo Dilane Alenou, Josiane Etang
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PacBio assembly of aPlasmodium knowlesigenome sequence with Hi-C correction and manual annotation of theSICAvargene family
S. A. LAPP, J. A. GERALDO, J.-T. CHIEN, F. AY, S. B. PAKALA, G. BATUGEDARA, J. HUMPHREY, J. D. DeBARRY, K. G. Le ROCH, M. R. GALINSKI, J. C. KISSINGER
Parasitology.2018; 145(1): 71. CrossRef
From the Fifth to the Seventh Human Malarial Species: A New Concern in Infectious Medicine
Viroj Wiwanitkit
Avicenna Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infection.2016; 3(2): 35145. CrossRef

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