Parasites, Hosts and Diseases

"Bong-Kwang Jung"

Original Article

Catatropis indicus (Digenea: Notocotylidae) from ducks in Indonesia with a brief review of the genus Catatropis: Jong-Yil Chai, Bong-Kwang Jung, Taehee Chang, Sooji Hong, Hyejoo Shin, Marzuki Bin Muhammad Abdullah; Parasites Hosts Dis 2025;63(4):303-316.
Published online November 19, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/PHD.25045

Abstract
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Adult notocotylid flukes (Digenea: Notocotylidae) were recovered from the ceca of Pitalah ducks (Anas sp.) in Aceh Province, Indonesia. These flukes were morphologically characterized by a median ventral ridge with 2 lateral rows of ventral papillae and the absence of both a ventral sucker and pharynx, consistent with the characteristics of the genus Catatropis. They exhibited a genital pore located just posterior to the oral sucker, 10–11 pairs of ventral papillae, a deep and multi-lobed ovary and testes, a metraterm equal in length to the cirrus sac, and ceca bearing numerous diverticula; accordingly, they were identified as Catatropis indicus Srivastava, 1935. Adult specimens measured 3.01–3.77 mm (average 3.47 mm) in length and 0.98–1.21 mm (average 1.11 mm) in width (n=8). Uterine eggs measured 0.016–0.023 mm (average 0.019 mm) in length and 0.008–0.014 mm (average 0.012 mm) in width (n=20), each bearing 2 long polar filaments. These specimens resembled Catatropis vietnamensis Izrailskaia et al., 2019, and Catatropis pakistanensis Schuster and Wibbelt, 2012, sharing features such as a genital pore immediately posterior to the oral sucker and other morphological traits. However, they differed from C. vietnamensis by having a larger body, ceca with numerous diverticula, and a broader anterior distribution of vitelline follicles. They also differed from C. pakistanensis in possessing a longer esophagus and ceca with multiple diverticula. In 28S rDNA sequence analysis, our specimens showed 99.1% identity with both C. indicus and C. vietnamensis. In contrast, internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) sequence comparisons revealed only 96.0%–96.1% identity with C. vietnamensis (no GenBank data available for C. indicus), suggesting that our specimens are phylogenetically distant from C. vietnamensis. This represents the first report of C. indicus from ducks in Indonesia. A brief review of Catatropis species is provided.

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Brief Communications

Identification of an Opisthorchis viverrini-like liver fluke from Myanmar: Metacercariae recovered from snakehead fish and adults from an experimentally infected hamster: Woon-Mok Sohn, Bong-Kwang Jung, Keon-Hoon Lee, Sung-Jong Hong, Seung-Hwan Seo, Thi Thi Htoon, Htay Htay Tin, Eun-Hee Shin, Jong-Yil Chai; Parasites Hosts Dis 2025;63(2):174-181.
Published online May 26, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/PHD.24063

A novel fluke species, morphologically resembling Opisthorchis viverrini, was discovered in the Yangon Region, Myanmar. Metacercariae were found in the muscle tissue of 2 snakehead fish species, Mi and Channa striata. The metacercariae were elliptical (average 165×122 μm, n=10), having 2 suckers and a large excretory bladder. Experimental infection of a hamster resulted in the recovery of adult flukes from the bile ducts at day 50 post-infection. Adult flukes were lanceolate, with dimensions of 3.8–6.0 (average 5.1) mm by 1.1–1.2 (1.2) mm (n=10). Morphological characteristics included an oral sucker slightly smaller than the ventral sucker, a long uterus not extending anterior to the ventral sucker, vitelline follicles reaching the anterior ovary level, and 2 deeply lobed testes (4 lobes anteriorly, 5 posteriorly). Eggs were ovoid to elliptical, measuring 26.3–27.5 (26.9) μm in length and 13.8–15.0 (14.6) μm in width (n=10). Despite the close morphological resemblance to O. viverrini, our specimens displayed significant differences, including a more spiraled seminal vesicle, a longer uterus occupying 50%–60% of the body length, a less distinct grouping of vitelline follicles (forming 7–8 groups on each side in O. viverrini), vitelline follicles restricted to the ovary level (beyond the posterior end of the ovary or at anterior testis level in O. viverrini), and smaller metacercariae. We tentatively categorize our specimens as an O. viverrini-like liver fluke potentially parasitizing mammals or birds, highlighting the need for further research. Rigorous molecular analyses and identification of natural definitive hosts are essential to clarify the taxonomic status of this novel parasite.

Citations

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Toward resolving cryptic diversity in opisthorchiid flukes: Molecular clarification of an Opisthorchis viverrini-like parasite in Myanmar is urgently needed
Schawanya Kaewpitoon Rattanapitoon, Chutharat Thanchonnang, Nathkapach Kaewpitoon Rattanapitoon
Parasites, Hosts and Diseases.2025; 63(3): 284. CrossRef

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Prevalence of parasitic infections in stray cats from Gimpo-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea: Sooji Hong, Hyejoo Shin, Seungwan Ryoo, Chung-Won Lee, Jae-Young Park, Jong-Yil Chai, Bong-Kwang Jung; Parasites Hosts Dis 2025;63(2):182-187.
Published online May 26, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/PHD.24061

Stray cats serve as reservoir hosts for various zoonotic parasites, posing a significant risk of transmission to humans. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of parasitic infections in stray cats from Gimpo-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea. A total of 101 fecal and 237 blood (serum) samples were collected from 237 stray cats captured through the trapneuter-return program in 2021. The samples were analyzed using microscopy, nested-PCR, and ELISA to detect parasitic infections. Fecal examination revealed that Toxocara cati eggs were present in 26.7% (27/101) of samples, while eggs of Spirometra sp. (2%), Clonorchis sinensis (1%), and Trichuris sp. (1%) were also detected. PCR analysis identified Toxoplasma gondii DNA in 17 (16.8%) fecal samples, while genetic markers of Cryptosporidium felis and Enterocytozoon bieneusi were each detected in 4 (4%) samples. Positive rates of IgM and IgG were 21.9% (52/237) and 21.1% (50/237) in serological tests for T. gondii-specific antibodies. This study confirms the widespread presence of zoonotic parasites in stray cats from Gimpo-si, highlighting the potential public health risks associated with these infections. Continuous surveillance and control measures are essential from a One Health perspective to reduce the risk of zoonotic transmission.

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Molecular detection of Toxoplasma gondii in wild oysters and seawater on the southeast coast of South Korea
Hyejoo Shin, Sooji Hong, Seungwan Ryoo, Jong-Yil Chai, Bong-Kwang Jung
Food Microbiology.2026; 134: 104925. CrossRef

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Original Article

Clinical characteristics of toxoplasmosis patients in Korea: A retrospective study using health insurance review and assessment service data and electronic medical records: Do-Won Ham, Bong-Kwang Jung, Ji-Hun Shin, Yong Joon Kim, Kyoung Yul Seo, Seung Mi Lee, Jae Hyoung Im, Jeong-Ran Kwon, Ho-Sung Lee, Kyung-Won Hwang, Eun-Hee Shin; Parasites Hosts Dis 2024;62(4):424-437.
Published online November 22, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/PHD.24001

This study aimed to elucidate the clinical characteristics of patients diagnosed with toxoplasmosis in Korea. We collected and analyzed the specific research data of 5,917 patients from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment (HIRA; 2007–2020) and 533 electronic medical records (EMRs; 2003–2021) of Korean patients. The HIRA data showed that toxoplasmosis is an endemic disease that occurs constantly in Korea, with a large proportion of patients complaining of ocular symptoms. Of the 533 patients for whom EMR data were available, 54.6% were diagnosed with toxoplasmosis; ocular toxoplasmosis (35.7%), congenital toxoplasmosis (4.7%), cerebral toxoplasmosis (4.1%), pulmonary toxoplasmosis (0.4%), and toxoplasma hepatitis (0.6%), in order of frequency. In ocular cases, 54.4% of the patients had diverse ocular pathologies. Toxoplasmosis in Korea is characterized by a high frequency of ocular symptoms, most patients are adults, and 51.8% of patients with seropositivity were positive for IgG, suggesting prior infection. This study highlights that patients with ocular symptoms are included in the major diagnosis group for acquired toxoplasmosis in Korea.

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Detection of intestinal parasites in leopard cat fecal samples using shotgun metagenomics
Jun Ho Choi, Singeun Oh, Myung-hee Yi, Dongjun Kang, Du-Yeol Choi, Xavier Chavarria, Arwa Shatta, Yoon Hee Cho, Seongjun Choe, Seung-Hun Lee, Ju Yeong Kim
Parasites, Hosts and Diseases.2025; 63(4): 349. CrossRef

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Brief Communication

Standard- and large-sized eggs of Trichuris trichiura in the feces of schoolchildren in the Yangon Region, Myanmar: Morphological and molecular analyses: Seungwan Ryoo, Bong-Kwang Jung, Sooji Hong, Hyejoo Shin, Hyemi Song, Hyun-Seung Kim, Jin-Youp Ryu, Woon-Mok Sohn, Sung-Jong Hong, Thi Thi Htoon, Htay Htay Tin, Jong-Yil Chai; Parasites Hosts Dis 2023;61(3):317-324.
Published online August 21, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/PHD.23059

Standard- and large-sized eggs of Trichuris trichiura were found in the feces of schoolchildren in Yangon, Myanmar during epidemiological surveys and mass deworming with albendazole in 2017-2019. The standard-sized eggs were identified as those of T. trichiura, but it was necessary to exclude the possibility of the large-sized eggs belonging to Trichuris vulpis, a dog whipworm. We conducted morphological and molecular studies to determine the species of the 2 types of Trichuris eggs. Individual eggs of both sizes were isolated from Kato-Katz fecal smears (n=20) and mechanically destroyed using a 23G injection needle. Nuclear DNA was extracted, and the 18S rRNA region was sequenced in 15 standard-sized eggs and 15 large-sized eggs. The average size of standard-sized eggs (T. trichiura) was 55.2×26.1 μm (range: 51.7-57.6×21.3-28.0 μm; n=97), whereas the size of large-sized eggs was 69.3×32.0 μm (range: 65.1-76.4×30.1-34.5 μm; n=20), slightly smaller than the known size of T. vulpis. Regarding standard-sized eggs, the 18S rRNA nucleotide sequences exhibited 100% homology with T. trichiura deposited in GenBank and 88.6-90.5% homology with T. vulpis. Regarding large-sized eggs, the nucleotide sequences showed 99.8-100% homology with T. trichiura in GenBank and 89.6-90.7% homology with T. vulpis. Both standard- and large-sized eggs of Trichuris spp. found in Myanmar schoolchildren during 2017-2019 were morphologically and molecularly confirmed to belong to T. trichiura. The conversion of eggs from smaller to large sizes might be due to anthelmintic treatments with albendazole.

Citations

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Paleoparasitology research on ancient helminth eggs and larvae in the Republic of Korea
Jong-Yil Chai, Min Seo, Dong Hoon Shin
Parasites, Hosts and Diseases.2023; 61(4): 345. CrossRef

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Original Articles

Prevalence of head louse infestation among primary schoolchildren in the Republic of Korea: nationwide observation of trends in 2011-2019: Seungwan Ryoo, Sooji Hong, Taehee Chang, Hyejoo Shin, Jae Young Park, Jeonggyu Lee, Eun-Hee Nah, Eun Hee Lee, Bong-Kwang Jung, Jong-Yil Chai; Parasites Hosts Dis 2023;61(1):53-59.
Published online February 22, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/PHD.22134

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Head louse infestation is a significant public health problem across the world, particularly among preschool and primary schoolchildren. This study investigated the trends of head louse infestation in the Republic of Korea over a 9-year period (2011-2019), targeting primary schoolchildren in 3 areas of Seoul, 4 other large cities, and 9 provinces. A survey was administered annually by the health staff of each regional office (n= 16) of the Korea Association of Health Promotion (KAHP). The branch offices of KAHP examined a total of 51,508 primary schoolchildren, comprising 26,532 boys and 24,976 girls. Over the 9-year survey, a total of 1,107 (2.1%) schoolchildren tested positive for adults and/or nits of Pediculus humanus capitis. The prevalence was 2.8% (133/4,727) in 2011-2012 and gradually decreased to 0.8% (49/6,461) in 2019 (P< 0.05). Head lice were found more frequently in girls (3.0%; 746/24,976) than in boys (1.4%; 361/26,532) (P< 0.05). In terms of geographic localities, the highest infestation rate, 4.7% (average prevalence over 9 years), was observed in southern Seoul (Gangnam branch of KAHP), whereas the lowest infestation rate, 0.7%, was seen in Gyeongsang (north and south provinces) and western Seoul. Although the prevalence decreased significantly during the 9-year period, head louse infestation remains a health and hygiene issue among primary schoolchildren in the Republic of Korea. Regular surveys along with health education are needed to further improve children’s hair hygiene.

Citations

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Prevalence and Risk Factors of Head Lice Among Schoolchildren in Kirkuk
Fatema W. Abdul Aziz
Academia Open.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
A case of co-infection with head lice and varicella in a child: considerations for rational management
O.V. Shvaratska, V.V. Mavrutenkov, T.V. Svyatenko, O.M. Yakunina
CHILD`S HEALTH.2024; 19(1): 30. CrossRef
Prevalence and associated factors of head lice infestation among primary school children in low- and middle-income countries: systematic review and meta-analysis
Amare Mebrat Delie, Mihret Melese, Liknaw Workie Limenh, Dereje Esubalew, Nigus Kassie Worku, Eneyew Talie Fenta, Mickiale Hailu, Alemwork Abie, Molla Getie Mehari, Tenagnework Eseyneh Dagnaw
BMC Public Health.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Epidemiology of pediculosis in the school-going children of district Hyderabad, Sindh, Pakistan
Saima Naz, Maria Rebecca, Ahmad Kamran Khan, Irfan Ahmed
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science.2023; 43(5): 1811. CrossRef
Head lice infestation and the role of some cognitive‐behavioral factors in its spread and prevention among adolescent girls: A cross‐sectional study in Northwest Iran
Towhid Babazadeh, Khalil Maleki Chollou, Sanaz Abedi‐Nerbin, Salar Abedi‐Nerbin, Farzaneh Shahnavaz‐Yoshanluie, Soheila Ranjbaran
Health Science Reports.2023;[Epub] CrossRef

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Failure of Repeated MDA with Albendazole for Trichuriasis Control in Schoolchildren of the Yangon Region, Myanmar: Sooji Hong, Bong-Kwang Jung, Hyemi Song, Jaeeun Cho, Woon-Mok Sohn, Sung-Jong Hong, Jin-Youp Ryu, Hyun-Seung Kim, Mun-Hyoo Jeong, Thi Thi Htoon, Htay Htay Tin, Jong-Yil Chai; Korean J Parasitol 2021;59(6):607-613.
Published online December 22, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2021.59.6.607

Soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections are still a considerable challenge in Myanmar. We undertook a control program for STH infections (especially Trichuris trichiura) among schoolchildren in Myanmar using mass drug administration (MDA) and health education. Around 1,700 schoolchildren from 15 primary schools in 3 suburban districts (Shwe Pyi Thar, Twantay, and Kyauktan) of the Yangon Region were subjected in this study during 2017-2019. All of the schoolchildren in each school were orally administered albendazole (400 mg in a single dose) 2, 3, and 4 times a year in 2017, 2018, and 2019, respectively. The results revealed that the egg positive rate of any intestinal helminths (including STH) was reduced from 37.6% (649/1,724) in 2017 to 22.8% (352/1,542) in 2019. The egg positive rate of Ascaris lumbricoides was decreased remarkably from 23.3% (402/1,724) in 2017 to 3.6% (56/1,542) in 2019. However, that of T. trichiura was only slightly reduced from 26.9% (464/1,724) in 2017 to 20.2% (312/1,542) in 2019. The intensity of infection with A. lumbricoides and T. trichiura was both more or less reduced, and the proportion of light infection cases with A. lumbricoides and T. trichiura increased from 35.6% in 2017 to 64.3% in 2019 and from 70.3% in 2017 to 81.7% in 2019, respectively. The results indicated that repeated MDAs (2-4 times a year for 3 years) using albendazole on schoolchildren in Myanmar failed to control T. trichiura infection. For a successful control of trichuriasis in Myanmar, new MDA strategies, using a modified albendazole regimen (multiple daily doses for 2 or 3 days) or an alternative anthelmintic drug, such as oxantel pamoate, is strongly recommended.

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Assessing soil-transmitted helminths and Schistosoma mansoni infections using parasitological indicators after seven years of preventive chemotherapy among school-age children in Mizan-Aman town
Mitiku Abera, Tariku Belay, Daniel Emana, Zeleke Mekonnen, Uwem Friday Ekpo
PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases.2025; 19(5): e0013058. CrossRef
Standard- and large-sized eggs of Trichuris trichiura in the feces of schoolchildren in the Yangon Region, Myanmar: Morphological and molecular analyses
Seungwan Ryoo, Bong-Kwang Jung, Sooji Hong, Hyejoo Shin, Hyemi Song, Hyun-Seung Kim, Jin-Youp Ryu, Woon-Mok Sohn, Sung-Jong Hong, Thi Thi Htoon, Htay Htay Tin, Jong-Yil Chai
Parasites, Hosts and Diseases.2023; 61(3): 317. CrossRef

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Brief Communications

Prevalence and Intensity of Opisthorchis viverrini Metacercarial Infection in Fish from Phnom Penh, Takeo, and Kandal Provinces, Cambodia: Woon-Mok Sohn, Seung-Ho Choi, Bong-Kwang Jung, Sooji Hong, Seungwan Ryoo, Taehee Chang, Keon Hoon Lee, Byoung-Kuk Na, Sung-Jong Hong, Virak Khieu, Jong-Yil Chai; Korean J Parasitol 2021;59(5):531-536.
Published online October 22, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2021.59.5.531

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The prevalence and intensity of Opisthorchis viverrini metacercariae (OvMc) were investigated in fish from 3 southern administrative regions along the Mekong River in Cambodia, i.e., Phnom Penh, Takeo, and Kandal Provinces from 2017 to 2020. A total of 295 freshwater fish (24 species) were transported to our laboratory with ice and examined using the artificial digestion method. In Phnom Penh, among 4 fish species positive for OvMc, 9 (23.7%) of 38 specimens examined were infected, and their intensity of infection averaged 4.3 metacercariae per infected fish. In Takeo Province, among 10 fish species positive for OvMc, 24 (38.1%) out of 63 fish examined were infected, and their intensity of infection was av. 14.4 metacercariae per infected fish. In particular, all of 3 Osteochilus schlegelii fish examined were infected, and their infection intensity was high, 34.7 metacercariae per fish. In Kandal Province, among 6 fish species positive for OvMc, 46 (90.2%) out of 51 specimens examined were infected, and their infection intensity was 24.0 metacercaraie per infected fish. All fish of Systomus orphoides (n=17), Barbonymus altus (n=14), and Rasbora aurotaenia (n=2) were infected, and their intensity of infection averaged 37.7, 21.6, and 18.5 metacercariae per fish, respectively. Metacercariae of Haplochis yokogawai, Haplorchis taichui, and Centrocestus formosanus were detected in fish from Takeo and Kandal Provinces. From these results, it has been confirmed that a variety of fish species from Phnom Penh, Takeo, and Kandal Provinces are commonly infected with OvMc, and preventive measures to avoid human O. viverrini infection should be performed in Cambodia.

Citations

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Biological Hazards and Indicators Found in Products of Animal Origin in Cambodia from 2000 to 2022: A Systematic Review
Shwe Phue San, Rortana Chea, Delia Grace, Kristina Roesel, Sothyra Tum, Stephen Young, Tumnoon Charaslertrangsi, Nazanin Zand, Shetty Seetharama Thombathu, Ra Thorng, Leab Kong, Kuok Fidero, Linda Nicolaides
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2024; 21(12): 1621. CrossRef
Re‐evaluation of certain aspects of the EFSA Scientific Opinion of April 2010 on risk assessment of parasites in fishery products, based on new scientific data. Part 2
Ana Allende, Avelino Alvarez‐Ordóñez, Valeria Bortolaia, Sara Bover‐Cid, Alessandra De Cesare, Wietske Dohmen, Laurent Guillier, Lieve Herman, Liesbeth Jacxsens, Maarten Nauta, Lapo Mughini‐Gras, Jakob Ottoson, Luisa Peixe, Fernando Perez‐Rodriguez, Panag
EFSA Journal.2024;[Epub] CrossRef

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Detection of Gnathostoma spinigerum Advanced 3rd-Stage Larvae in the Chinese Edible Frog, Hoplobatrachus rugulosus, from Local Markets in Phnom Penh, Cambodia: Woon-Mok Sohn, Bong-Kwang Jung, Sooji Hong, Seungwan Ryoo, Keon Hoon Lee, Virak Khieu, Jong-Yil Chai; Korean J Parasitol 2021;59(5):519-522.
Published online October 22, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2021.59.5.519

Abstract
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The Chinese edible frogs, Hoplobatrachus rugulosus (n=20), and the striped snakehead fish, Channa striata (n=34), were purchased from local markets in 3 administrative regions of Cambodia (Phnom Penh, Pursat, and Takeo Provinces) from May 2017 to April 2019, and their infection status with Gnathostoma sp. larvae was investigated. The frogs and fish were transported to the laboratory with ice and examined using the artificial digestion method. Advanced 3rd-stage larvae (AdL₃) of Gnathostoma spinigerum, 24 in total number (1-6 larvae/frog), were detected from 6 (60.0%) out of 10 frogs purchased from Phnom Penh. No gnathostome larvae were detected in 10 frogs purchased from Takeo Province and 34 snakeheads from Phnom Penh, Pursat, and Takeo Provinces. AdL₃ isolated from the frogs were 2.55- 3.90 mm long and 0.31-0.36 mm wide. They had a characteristic head bulb (0.081×0.191 mm in average size) with 4 rows of hooklets, a muscular long esophagus (0.950-1.230 mm long), and 2 pairs of cervical sacs (0.530-0.890 mm long). The average number of hooklets in the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th rows was 41, 45, 48, and 51, respectively. These features were consistent with G. spinigerum AdL₃. By the present study, it has been first confirmed that the Chinese edible frog, H. rugulosus, from Phnom Penh serves as a second intermediate host for G. spinigerum, although their intensity of infection was not so high compared to other previously reported localities.

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A Global Review of the Zoonotic Potential and Disease Risks of Amphibian Parasites in Bullfrog Aquaculture
Meiqi Weng, Xinhua Liu, Chenxi Zhang, Rui Shu, Andrew Wang, Haotian Zhang, Xingqiang Wang, Huirong Yang, Jinyong Zhang
Reviews in Aquaculture.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Zoonotic disease risk at traditional food markets
Frida E. Sparaciari, Cadhla Firth, Erik A. Karlsson, Paul F. Horwood, Suchetana Mukhopadhyay
Journal of Virology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Biological Hazards and Indicators Found in Products of Animal Origin in Cambodia from 2000 to 2022: A Systematic Review
Shwe Phue San, Rortana Chea, Delia Grace, Kristina Roesel, Sothyra Tum, Stephen Young, Tumnoon Charaslertrangsi, Nazanin Zand, Shetty Seetharama Thombathu, Ra Thorng, Leab Kong, Kuok Fidero, Linda Nicolaides
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2024; 21(12): 1621. CrossRef

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Enterobius vermicularis Infection among Preschool Children: A 12-Year (2008-2019) Survey in Large Cities and Provinces of the Republic of Korea: Hyejoo Shin, Bong-Kwang Jung, Seungwan Ryoo, Sooji Hong, Taehee Chang, Jiyeon Park, Keon Hoon Lee, Jeonggyu Lee, Jae Young Park, Hoo-Gn Jeoung, Jae Hyun Cho, Jong-Yil Chai; Korean J Parasitol 2021;59(4):421-426.
Published online August 18, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2021.59.4.421

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A 12-year nationwide survey (2008-2019) was performed to investigate the prevalence of Enterobius vermicularis infection among preschool children in Seoul, 4 large cites (Busan, Incheon, Daegu, and Ulsan), and 9 provinces (grouped into 5 localities) in the Republic of Korea (=Korea). The survey was carried out once a year by 16 regional offices of the Korea Association of Health Promotion. The cello-tape perianal swab method (1 smear per child) was applied to detect eggs of E. vermicularis and other helminths. According to the results, the egg positive rate of E. vermicularis infection in 2008-2009 was 1.8-2.0%, but it decreased gradually to 0.6% in 2019 (P<0.05). The prevalence was significantly higher in boys (0.7-5.0%, mean 1.8%) than in girls (0.5-2.8%, mean 1.3%) (P<0.05). The 2 most southern localities, Jejudo (Province) and Jeolla-do (inclusive of Jeollabuk-do and Jeollanam-do) and a mid-western province, Gyeonggi-do, revealed higher prevalences, whereas Seoul and Gangwon-do showed lower prevalences. The results indicate that a low-grade prevalence of E. vermicularis infection (less than 4%) has been maintained for the recent 12 years among preschool children in Korea. Continuous monitoring of enterobiasis in the child age group is necessary in Korea.

Citations

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Parasitoses intestinales infantiles
P. Bourée
EMC - Traité de médecine AKOS.2025; 28(3): 1. CrossRef
Enterobius vermicularis infection and its risk factors among rural schoolchildren in Zhejiang Province: a cross-sectional study
Jialie Jin, Wei Ruan, Wenjie Xu, Xuan Zhang, Kegen Yu, Hualiang Chen, Jiaqi Zhang, Jimin Sun, Jianmin Jiang, Xiaoxiao Wang
Parasitology Research.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Impacts of environmental pollutants and environmentally transmitted parasites on male fertility and sperm quality
Hend Abd El-Halim Mansour, Al- Shaimaa Mohsen Sadek
Discover Applied Sciences.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Pinworm (Enterobius Vermicularis) Infestation: An Updated Review
Alexander K.C. Leung, Joseph M. Lam, Benjamin Barankin, Alex H.C. Wong, Kin F. Leong, Kam L. Hon
Current Pediatric Reviews.2025; 21(4): 333. CrossRef
Parasitosis intestinales en niños
P. Bourée
EMC - Tratado de Medicina.2025; 29(4): 1. CrossRef
Parassitosi intestinali infantili
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EMC - AKOS - Trattato di Medicina.2025; 27(4): 1. CrossRef
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Public Health Weekly Report.2024; 17(28): 1227. CrossRef
Association Between Anthropometric and Hematological Parameters and the Diagnosis of Intestinal Parasitosis in Low-Income Children
Bruno Freire, Alessandra Marques Sohn, Ricardo Rojas-Humpire, Salomon Huancahuire-Vega
Children.2024; 11(12): 1416. CrossRef
Positive rates for Enterobius vermicularis eggs among preschool children in Yeosu-si, Jeollanam-do, Korea (2017-2021)
Myoung-Ro Lee, Hee-Eun Shin, Seon-Ok Back, Young-Ju Lee, Jung-Won Ju, Chun Soon Park, Hee-Il Lee
Parasites, Hosts and Diseases.2023; 61(1): 84. CrossRef

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Original Article

Acanthoparyphium shinanense n. sp. (Digenea: Echinostomatidae) from Experimental Chicks Infected with Metacercariae Encysted in Brackish Water Clams in the Republic of Korea: Seungwan Ryoo, Bong-Kwang Jung, Taehee Chang, Sooji Hong, Hyejoo Shin, Jong-Yil Chai; Korean J Parasitol 2021;59(4):341-353.
Published online August 18, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2021.59.4.341

Abstract
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Acanthoparyphium shinanense n. sp. (Digenea: Echinostomatidae) is described from chicks experimentally infected with the metacercariae encysted in 2 brackish water clam species, Ruditapes philippinarum and Coecella chinensis, in the Republic of Korea. The metacercariae were round to oval, armed with 23 collar spines, and 0.216 (0.203-0.226) mm in diameter. From 5 chicks experimentally infected each with 200 metacercariae, 34 juvenile (5-day-old worms) and 104 adult flukes (7-day-old worms) were harvested from their small intestines, with the average worm recovery rate of 13.8%. The adult flukes were 3.18 (2.89-3.55) mm long and 0.68 (0.61-0.85) mm wide, with an elongated, posteriorly tapering body, and a prominent head collar armed with 23 collar spines arranged in a single uninterrupted row. The posterior testis of A. shinanense was longitudinally elongated, which is similar to Acanthoparyphium spinulosum Johnston, 1917 but unique from the other closely related species, including Acanthoparyphium tyosenense Yamaguti, 1939, Acanthoparyphium kurogamo Yamaguti, 1939, and Acanthoparyphium marilae Yamaguti, 1934. The eggs of A. shinanense were larger than those of A. spinulosum, and the anterior extent of 2 lateral groups of vitellaria was slightly more limited in A. shinanense than in A. spinulosum. Molecular analysis of nuclear and mitochondrial genes revealed low homology with A. spinulosum from USA (96.1% in 5.8S rRNA) and Ukraine (97.9% in 28S rRNA), Acanthoparyphium n. sp. from USA (98.0% in 28S rRNA), and Acanthoparyphium sp. from Australia, Kuwait, and New Zealand. Biological characteristics, including its first intermediate host and natural definitive hosts, as well as its zoonotic capability, should be elucidated.

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Albendazole and Mebendazole as Anti-Parasitic and Anti-Cancer Agents: an Update: Jong-Yil Chai, Bong-Kwang Jung, Sung-Jong Hong; Korean J Parasitol 2021;59(3):189-225.
Published online June 21, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2021.59.3.189

Abstract
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The use of albendazole and mebendazole, i.e., benzimidazole broad-spectrum anthelmintics, in treatment of parasitic infections, as well as cancers, is briefly reviewed. These drugs are known to block the microtubule systems of parasites and mammalian cells leading to inhibition of glucose uptake and transport and finally cell death. Eventually they exhibit ovicidal, larvicidal, and vermicidal effects on parasites, and tumoricidal effects on hosts. Albendazole and mebendazole are most frequently prescribed for treatment of intestinal nematode infections (ascariasis, hookworm infections, trichuriasis, strongyloidiasis, and enterobiasis) and can also be used for intestinal tapeworm infections (taeniases and hymenolepiasis). However, these drugs also exhibit considerable therapeutic effects against tissue nematode/cestode infections (visceral, ocular, neural, and cutaneous larva migrans, anisakiasis, trichinosis, hepatic and intestinal capillariasis, angiostrongyliasis, gnathostomiasis, gongylonemiasis, thelaziasis, dracunculiasis, cerebral and subcutaneous cysticercosis, and echinococcosis). Albendazole is also used for treatment of filarial infections (lymphatic filariasis, onchocerciasis, loiasis, mansonellosis, and dirofilariasis) alone or in combination with other drugs, such as ivermectin or diethylcarbamazine. Albendazole was tried even for treatment of trematode (fascioliasis, clonorchiasis, opisthorchiasis, and intestinal fluke infections) and protozoan infections (giardiasis, vaginal trichomoniasis, cryptosporidiosis, and microsporidiosis). These drugs are generally safe with few side effects; however, when they are used for prolonged time (>14-28 days) or even only 1 time, liver toxicity and other side reactions may occur. In hookworms, Trichuris trichiura, possibly Ascaris lumbricoides, Wuchereria bancrofti, and Giardia sp., there are emerging issues of drug resistance. It is of particular note that albendazole and mebendazole have been repositioned as promising anti-cancer drugs. These drugs have been shown to be active in vitro and in vivo (animals) against liver, lung, ovary, prostate, colorectal, breast, head and neck cancers, and melanoma. Two clinical reports for albendazole and 2 case reports for mebendazole have revealed promising effects of these drugs in human patients having variable types of cancers. However, because of the toxicity of albendazole, for example, neutropenia due to myelosuppression, if high doses are used for a prolonged time, mebendazole is currently more popularly used than albendazole in anti-cancer clinical trials.

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Brief Communications

Occurrence of a Hybrid Between Taenia saginata and Taenia asiatica Tapeworms in Cambodia: Taehee Chang, Bong-Kwang Jung, Sooji Hong, Hyejoo Shin, Seungwan Ryoo, Jeonggyu Lee, Keon Hoon Lee, Hansol Park, Keeseon S. Eom, Virak Khieu, Rekol Huy, Woon-Mok Sohn, Jong-Yil Chai; Korean J Parasitol 2021;59(2):179-182.
Published online April 22, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2021.59.2.179

Abstract
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Human infection with Taenia asiatica or a hybrid between Taenia saginata and T. asiatica has not been reported in Cambodia. We detected for the first time a hybrid form between T. saginata and T. asiatica in Preah Vihear Province, Cambodia. An adult tapeworm specimen, i.e., 75 cm long strobila without scolex, was expelled from a 27-year-old man after praziquantel medication and purging. It was morphologically indistinguishable between T. saginata and T. asiatica. Several proglottids were molecularly analyzed to confirm the tapeworm species. The mitochondrial gene encoding cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) and nuclear genes encoding elongation factor-1α (ef1) and ezrin-radixin-moesin (ERM)-like protein (elp) were sequenced, and a single-allele analysis was performed to confirm the haploid genotype. The results revealed that our sample showed a discrepancy between the mitochondrial and 2 nuclear genes. It possessed homozygous sequences typical of T. saginata at cox1 and ef1 loci. However, it was heterozygous at the elp locus, with 1 allele in T. asiatica (elpA) and 1 in T. saginata (elpC), which indicates that it is a hybrid between T. saginata and T. asiatica. The present results confirmed the presence of a hybrid between T. saginata and T. asiatica in Cambodia and strongly suggest the existence of also ‘pure’ T. asiatica in Cambodia.

Citations

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Case Report: Molecular Diagnosis Revealing an Intestinal Infection of a Hybridized Tapeworm (Taenia saginata and Taenia asiatica) to Human in Yunnan, China
Kan-Kan Chu, Ye Qiu, Ce-Heng Liao, Zhi You, Zuo-Shun He, Wen Fang, Hong-Ying Li, Peter Daszak, Jun-Jie Hu, Yun-Zhi Zhang, Xing-Yi Ge
Frontiers in Gastroenterology.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef

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Parvatrema duboisi (Digenea: Gymnophallidae) Life Cycle Stages in Manila Clams, Ruditapes philippinarum, from Aphae-do (Island), Shinan-gun, Korea

Bong-Kwang Jung, Taehee Chang, Hyejoo Shin, Seungwan Ryoo, Sooji Hong, Jeonggyu Lee, Hyemi Song, Jaeeun Cho, Deok-Gyu Kim, Hojong Jun, Min-Jae Kim, Eun Jeong Won, Eun-Taek Han, Eun-Hee Shin, Jong-Yil Chai

Korean J Parasitol 2021;59(1):83-88.
Published online February 19, 2021

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2021.59.1.83

Abstract

PDF

Life cycle stages, including daughter sporocysts, cercariae, and metacercariae, of Parvatrema duboisi (Dollfus, 1923) Bartoli, 1974 (Digenea: Gymnophallidae) have been found in the Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum from Aphaedo (Island), Shinan-gun, Jeollanam-do, Korea. The daughter sporocysts were elongated sac-like and 307-570 (av. 395) μm long and 101-213 (av. 157) μm wide. Most of the daughter sporocysts contained 15-20 furcocercous cercariae each. The cercariae measured 112-146 (av. 134) μm in total length and 35-46 (av. 40) μm in width, with 69-92 (av. 85) μm long body and 39-54 (av. 49) μm long tail. The metacercariae were 210-250 (av. 231) μm in length and 170-195 (av. 185) μm in width, and characterized by having a large oral sucker, genital pore some distance anterior to the ventral sucker, no ventral pit, and 1 compact or slightly lobed vitellarium, strongly suggesting P. duboisi. The metacercariae were experimentally infected to ICR mice, and adults were recovered at day 7 post-infection. The adult flukes were morphologically similar to the metacercariae except in the presence of up to 20 eggs in the uterus. The daughter sporocysts and metacercariae were molecularly (ITS1-5.8S rDNA-ITS2) analyzed to confirm the species, and the results showed 99.8-99.9% identity with P. duboisi reported from Kyushu, Japan and Gochang, Korea. These results confirmed the presence of various life cycle stages of P. duboisi in the Manila clam, R. philippinarum, playing the role of the first as well as the second intermediate host, on Aphae-do (Island), Shinan-gun, Korea.

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Alexis Rojas, John Warren Huntley, Monica Caffara, Daniele Scarponi
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Pearl formation associated with gymnophallid metacercariae in Mytilus galloprovincialis from the Northwestern Adriatic coast: Preliminary observations
Erica Marchiori, Francesco Quaglio, Giovanni Franzo, Ginevra Brocca, Sonja Aleksi, Pietrogiovanni Cerchier, Rudi Cassini, Federica Marcer
Journal of Invertebrate Pathology.2023; 196: 107854.     CrossRef
Molecular phylogeny, distribution, and pathogenicity of a novel thraustochytrid protist in the Manila clam, Ruditapes philippinarum, on the west and south coasts of Korea
Biyun Zhao, Seung-Hyeon Kim, Dae-Woong Koh, S.D.N.K. Bathige, Kwang-Sik Choi, Kyung-Il Park
Aquaculture.2023; 575: 739779.     CrossRef
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Parasitology.2022; 149(1): 15.     CrossRef
Effects of larval trematode parasitism on the reproductive capacity of Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum in a sandy-mud tidal flat on the west coast of Korea
Young-Ghan Cho, Hye-Mi Lee, Jeong-Hwa Kim, Jong-Seop Shin, Hee-Do Jeung, Kwang-Sik Choi
Frontiers in Marine Science.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
Negative Impacts of Perkinsus olseni Infection in Manila Clam Ruditapes philippinarum Observed from Tidal Flats in Anmyeondo Island on the West Coast of Korea During Post-Spawning Period
Hye-Mi Lee, Kyung-Il Park, Hyun-Sung Yang, Kwang-Sik Choi
Ocean Science Journal.2021; 56(3): 307.     CrossRef

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Original Articles

Echinostoma mekongi: Discovery of Its Metacercarial Stage in Snails, Filopaludina martensi cambodjensis, in Pursat Province, Cambodia

Jong-Yil Chai, Woon-Mok Sohn, Jaeeun Cho, Bong-Kwang Jung, Taehee Chang, Keon Hoon Lee, Virak Khieu, Rekol Huy

Korean J Parasitol 2021;59(1):47-53.
Published online February 19, 2021

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2021.59.1.47

Abstract

PDF

Echinostoma mekongi was reported as a new species in 2020 based on specimens collected from humans in Kratie and Takeo Province, Cambodia. In the present study, its metacercarial stage has been discovered in Filopaludina martensi cambodjensis snails purchased from a local market nearby the Tonle Sap Lake, Pursat Province, Cambodia. The metacercariae were fed orally to an experimental hamster, and adult flukes were recovered at day 20 post-infection. They were morphologically examined using light and scanning electron microscopes and molecularly analyzed by sequencing of their mitochondrial cox1 and nad1 genes. A total of 115 metacercariae (1-8 per snail) were detected in 60 (60.0%) out of 100 Filopaludina snails examined. The metacercariae were round, 174 ?m in average diameter (163-190 ?m in range), having a thin cyst wall, a head collar armed with 37 collar spines, and characteristic excretory granules. The adult flukes were elongated, ventrally curved, 7.3 (6.4-8.2)×1.4 (1.1-1.7) mm in size, and equipped with 37 collar spines on the head collar (dorsal spines in 2 alternating rows), being consistent with E. mekongi. In phylogenetic analyses, the adult flukes showed 99.0-100% homology based on cox1 sequences and 98.9-99.7% homology based on nad1 sequences with E. mekongi. The results evidenced that F. martensi cambodjensis snails act as the second intermediate host of E. mekongi, and hamsters can be used as a suitable experimental definitive host. As local people favor to eat undercooked snails, these snails seem to be an important source of human infection with E. mekongi in Cambodia.

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High Prevalence of Echinostoma mekongi Infection in Schoolchildren and Adults, Kandal Province, Cambodia
Bong-Kwang Jung, Taehee Chang, Seungwan Ryoo, Sooji Hong, Jeonggyu Lee, Sung-Jong Hong, Woon-Mok Sohn, Virak Khieu, Rekol Huy, Jong-Yil Chai
Emerging Infectious Diseases.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
Biological Hazards and Indicators Found in Products of Animal Origin in Cambodia from 2000 to 2022: A Systematic Review
Shwe Phue San, Rortana Chea, Delia Grace, Kristina Roesel, Sothyra Tum, Stephen Young, Tumnoon Charaslertrangsi, Nazanin Zand, Shetty Seetharama Thombathu, Ra Thorng, Leab Kong, Kuok Fidero, Linda Nicolaides
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2024; 21(12): 1621.     CrossRef
High diversity of trematode metacercariae that parasitize freshwater gastropods in Bangkok, Thailand, and their infective situations, morphologies and phylogenetic relationships
Pichit Wiroonpan, Thapana Chontananarth, Jong-Yil Chai, Watchariya Purivirojkul
Parasitology.2022; 149(7): 913.     CrossRef
General overview of the current status of human foodborne trematodiasis
Jong-Yil Chai, Bong-Kwang Jung
Parasitology.2022; 149(10): 1262.     CrossRef

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Echinostoma miyagawai Ishii, 1932 (Echinostomatidae) from Ducks in Aceh Province, Indonesia with Special Reference to Its Synonymy with Echinostoma robustum Yamaguti, 1935

Jong-Yil Chai, Bong-Kwang Jung, Taehee Chang, Hyejoo Shin, Jaeeun Cho, Jin-Youp Ryu, Hyun-Seung Kim, Kwanghoon Park, Mun-Hyoo Jeong, Eui-Hyug Hoang, Marzuki Bin Muhammad Abdullah

Korean J Parasitol 2021;59(1):35-45.
Published online February 19, 2021

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2021.59.1.35

Abstract

PDF

Adult echinostomes having 37 collar spines collected from the intestine of Pitalah ducks in Aceh Province, Indonesia in 2018 were morphologically and molecularly determined to be Echinostoma miyagawai Ishii, 1932 (Digenea: Echinostomatidae). Among 20 ducks examined, 7 (35.0%) were found to be infected with this echinostome, and the number of flukes collected was 48 in total with average 6.9 (1-17) worms per duck. The adult flukes were 7.2 (6.1-8.5) mm in length and 1.2 (1.0-1.4) mm in width (pre-ovarian or testicular level) and characterized by having a head collar armed with 37 collar spines (dorsal spines arranged in 2 alternating rows), including 5 end group spines, and variable morphology of the testes, irregularly or deeply lobed (3-5 lobes) at times with horizontal extension. The eggs within the worm uterus were 93 (79-105) ?m long and 62 (56-70) ?m wide. These morphological features were consistent with both E. miyagawai and Echinostoma robustum, for which synonymy to each other has been raised. Sequencing of 2 mitochondrial genes, cox1 and nad1, revealed high homology with E. miyagawai (98.6-100% for cox1 and 99.0-99.8% for nad1) and also with E. robustum (99.3-99.8% for nad1) deposited in GenBank. We accepted the synonymy between the 2 species and diagnosed our flukes as E. miyagawai (syn. E. robustum) with redescription of its morphology. Further studies are required to determine the biological characteristics of E. miyagawai in Aceh Province, Indonesia, including the intermediate host and larval stage information.

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Development of a duplex loop-mediated isothermal amplification together with lateral flow dipstick assay for the detection and discrimination of parasitic infections in chickens between cestodes belonging to genus Raillietina and trematodes in family Echi
Wasin Panich, Thanawan Tejangkura, Thapana Chontananarth
Research in Veterinary Science.2025; 185: 105539.     CrossRef
The Nuclear Ribosomal Transcription Units of Two Echinostomes and Their Taxonomic Implications for the Family Echinostomatidae
Yu Cao, Ye Li, Zhong-Yan Gao, Bo-Tao Jiang
Biology.2025; 14(8): 1101.     CrossRef
Phylogeny and morphology of some Palearctic echinostomatid digeneans from rallid bird Fulica atra Linnaeus, 1758
Sergei A. Vlasenkov, Mikhail Yu. Shchelkanov, Sergey G. Sokolov
Biologia.2025; 80(11): 3079.     CrossRef
Catatropis indicus (Digenea: Notocotylidae) from ducks in Indonesia with a brief review of the genus Catatropis
Jong-Yil Chai, Bong-Kwang Jung, Taehee Chang, Sooji Hong, Hyejoo Shin, Marzuki Bin Muhammad Abdullah
Parasites, Hosts and Diseases.2025; 63(4): 303.     CrossRef
Development and utilization of a visual loop-mediated isothermal amplification coupled with a lateral flow dipstick (LAMP-LFD) assay for rapid detection of Echinostomatidae metacercaria in edible snail samples
Wasin Panich, Phonkawin Jaruboonyakorn, Awika Raksaman, Thanawan Tejangkura, Thapana Chontananarth
International Journal of Food Microbiology.2024; 418: 110732.     CrossRef
Molecular epidemiological analyses reveal extensive connectivity between Echinostoma revolutum (sensu stricto) populations across Eurasia and species richness of zoonotic echinostomatids in England
Egie E. Enabulele, Scott P. Lawton, Anthony J. Walker, Ruth S. Kirk, Hudson Alves Pinto
PLOS ONE.2023; 18(2): e0270672.     CrossRef
A new cryptic species of Echinostoma (Trematoda: Echinostomatidae) closely related to Echinostoma paraensei found in Brazil
Marisa C. Valadão, Philippe V. Alves, Danimar López-Hernández, Jordana C. A. Assis, Paulo R. S. Coelho, Stefan M. Geiger, Hudson A. Pinto
Parasitology.2023; 150(4): 337.     CrossRef
A new species ofEchinostoma(Trematoda: Echinostomatidae) from the ‘revolutum’ group found in Brazil: refuting the occurrence ofEchinostoma miyagawai(=E. robustum) in the Americas
Marisa C. Valadão, Danimar López-Hernández, Philippe V. Alves, Hudson A. Pinto
Parasitology.2022; 149(3): 325.     CrossRef
Echinostoma mekongi: Discovery of Its Metacercarial Stage in Snails, Filopaludina martensi cambodjensis, in Pursat Province, Cambodia
Jong-Yil Chai, Woon-Mok Sohn, Jaeeun Cho, Bong-Kwang Jung, Taehee Chang, Keon Hoon Lee, Virak Khieu, Rekol Huy
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2021; 59(1): 47.     CrossRef

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Brief Communications

Larval Gnathostomes and Zoonotic Trematode Metacercariae in Fish from a Local Market in Yangon City, Myanmar

Jong-Yil Chai, Bong-Kwang Jung, Keon Hoon Lee, Jin-Youp Ryu, Hyeon-Seung Kim, Sung-Jong Hong, Thi Thi Htoon, Htay Htay Tin, Byoung-Kuk Na, Woon-Mok Sohn

Korean J Parasitol 2020;58(6):701-707.
Published online December 29, 2020

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2020.58.6.701

Abstract

PDF

A survey was performed to investigate the infection status of zoonotic helminth larvae in fish from a local market of North Dagon District in Yangon City, Myanmar. A total of 486 fish in 13 species were collected 8 times from December 2015 to December 2019. All fish were transported under ice to a laboratory in Korea and examined for helminth larvae using artificial digestion method. Larval gnathostomes and metacercariae of more than 8 zoonotic trematode species, i.e., Opisthorchis viverrini, Haplorchis taichui, H. pumilio, H. yokogawai, Centrocestus spp., Stellantchasmus falcatus, Pygidiopsis cambodiensis, and Procerovum sp., were detected. Larval gnathostomes were found in 58 (16.0%) out of 362 fish of 6 species, with mean intensity of 2.8 per fish infected. Metacercariae of O. viverrini were detected in 10 (2.9%) out of 349 fish of 5 species, with mean intensity of 16.9 per fish infected. Metacercarial prevalences of 4 intestinal flukes, H. taichui, H. pumilio, H. yokogawai, and Centrocestus spp., were 16.8%, 26.0%, 12.5%, and 15.0% in the positive fish species, respectively, and mean metacercarial intensity was 63.3, 26.8, 86.2, and 8.7 per fish infected. Metacercariae of S. falcatus and P. cambodiensis were detected only from the mullet, Chelon macrolepis. Metacercariae of Procerovum sp. were found in Channa striata and Anabas testudineus. Collectively, it was confirmed that the fish were infected with gnathostome larvae and metacercariae of O. viverrini and intestinal flukes in Yangon City, Myanmar.

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Identification of an Opisthorchis viverrini-like liver fluke from Myanmar: Metacercariae recovered from snakehead fish and adults from an experimentally infected hamster
Woon-Mok Sohn, Bong-Kwang Jung, Keon-Hoon Lee, Sung-Jong Hong, Seung-Hwan Seo, Thi Thi Htoon, Htay Htay Tin, Eun-Hee Shin, Jong-Yil Chai
Parasites, Hosts and Diseases.2025; 63(2): 174.     CrossRef
Exploring the second intermediate hosts and morphology of human- and cat-specific Opisthorchis viverrini-like populations
Vania Agustina, Prasert Saichua, Thewarach Laha, Sirikachorn Tangkawatana, Suksanti Prakobwong, Nonglak Laoprom, Wanrak Kamphasri, Chonteera Chareonchai, David Blair, Sutas Suttiprapa
International Journal for Parasitology.2024; 54(10): 497.     CrossRef
Re‐evaluation of certain aspects of the EFSA Scientific Opinion of April 2010 on risk assessment of parasites in fishery products, based on new scientific data. Part 2
Ana Allende, Avelino Alvarez‐Ordóñez, Valeria Bortolaia, Sara Bover‐Cid, Alessandra De Cesare, Wietske Dohmen, Laurent Guillier, Lieve Herman, Liesbeth Jacxsens, Maarten Nauta, Lapo Mughini‐Gras, Jakob Ottoson, Luisa Peixe, Fernando Perez‐Rodriguez, Panag
EFSA Journal.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
Detection of Gnathostoma spinigerum Advanced 3rd-Stage Larvae in the Chinese Edible Frog, Hoplobatrachus rugulosus, from Local Markets in Phnom Penh, Cambodia
Woon-Mok Sohn, Bong-Kwang Jung, Sooji Hong, Seungwan Ryoo, Keon Hoon Lee, Virak Khieu, Jong-Yil Chai
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2021; 59(5): 519.     CrossRef

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Infection Status of Gnathostoma spinigerum Larvae in Asian Swamp Eels, Monopterus albus, Purchased from Local Markets in Cambodia

Jong-Yil Chai, Bong-Kwang Jung, Keon Hoon Lee, Sung-Jong Hong, Virak Khieu, Byoung-Kuk Na, Woon-Mok Sohn

Korean J Parasitol 2020;58(6):695-699.
Published online December 29, 2020

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2020.58.6.695

Abstract

PDF

Present study was performed to know the infection status of Gnathostoma sp. larvae in swamp eels from Cambodia. We purchased total 30 Asian swamp eels, Monopterus albus, from local markets in Pursat and Takeo Provinces and Phnom Penh on May and November 2017 and May 2018. All collected eels were transferred to our laboratory with ice and each of them was examined by artificial digestion method. A total of 15 larval gnathostomes (1-5 larvae) were detected from 55.6% (5/9) swamp eels in Pursat Province. No larval gnathostomes were found in 21 swamp eels in Takeo Province and Phnom Penh. The advanced third-stage larvae (AdL₃) detected were 2.575-3.825 (3.250) mm in length and 0.375-0.425 (0.386) mm in width. They had the characteristic head bulb (av. 0.104×0.218 mm) with 4 rows of hooklets, long muscular esophagus (1.048 mm), and 2 pairs of cervical sacs (0.615 mm). The number of hooklets in 4 rows on the head bulb was 41, 44, 47, and 50. In scanning electron microscopy, characteristic features were 4 rows of hooklets on the head bulb, cervical papillae, tegumental spines regularly arranged in transverse striations, and anus. The larval gnathostomes were identified as AdL₃ of Gnathostoma spinigerum based on the morphological characters. By the present study, it has been confirmed that G. spinigerum larvae are infected in Asian swamp eels, M. albus, in Pursat Province, Cambodia.

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Biological Hazards and Indicators Found in Products of Animal Origin in Cambodia from 2000 to 2022: A Systematic Review
Shwe Phue San, Rortana Chea, Delia Grace, Kristina Roesel, Sothyra Tum, Stephen Young, Tumnoon Charaslertrangsi, Nazanin Zand, Shetty Seetharama Thombathu, Ra Thorng, Leab Kong, Kuok Fidero, Linda Nicolaides
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2024; 21(12): 1621.     CrossRef
Intracameral Gnathostomiasis: A Case Report and Literature Review
Wijak Kongwattananon, Thanaporn Wiriyabanditkul, Waraluck Supwatjariyakul, Thanapong Somkijrungroj
Ocular Immunology and Inflammation.2023; 31(5): 1092.     CrossRef
Detection of Gnathostoma spinigerum Advanced 3rd-Stage Larvae in the Chinese Edible Frog, Hoplobatrachus rugulosus, from Local Markets in Phnom Penh, Cambodia
Woon-Mok Sohn, Bong-Kwang Jung, Sooji Hong, Seungwan Ryoo, Keon Hoon Lee, Virak Khieu, Jong-Yil Chai
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2021; 59(5): 519.     CrossRef

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Original Article

Morphological and Molecular Diagnosis of Necator americanus and Ancylostoma ceylanicum Recovered from Villagers in Northern Cambodia

Taehee Chang, Bong-Kwang Jung, Woon-Mok Sohn, Sooji Hong, Hyejoo Shin, Seungwan Ryoo, Jeonggyu Lee, Keon Hoon Lee, Virak Khieu, Rekol Huy, Jong-Yil Chai

Korean J Parasitol 2020;58(6):619-625.
Published online December 29, 2020

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2020.58.6.619

Abstract

PDF

Human hookworm infections caused by adult Ancylostoma spp. and Necator americanus are one of the most important tropical diseases. We performed a survey of intestinal helminths using the Kato-Katz fecal examination technique targeting 1,156 villagers residing in 2 northern provinces (Preah Vihear and Stung Treng) of Cambodia in 2018. The results revealed a high overall egg positive rate of intestinal helminths (61.9%), and the egg positive rate of hookworms was 11.6%. Nine of the hookworm egg positive cases in Preah Vihear Province were treated with 5-10 mg/kg pyrantel pamoate followed by purging with magnesium salts, and a total of 65 adult hookworms were expelled in diarrheic stools. The adult hookworms were analyzed morphologically and molecularly to confirm the species. The morphologies of the buccal cavity and dorsal rays on the costa were observed with a light microscope, and the nucleotide sequences of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) gene were analyzed. The majority of the hookworm adults (90.7%) were N. americanus, whereas the remaining 9.3% were Ancylostoma ceylanicum, a rare hookworm species infecting humans. The results revealed a high prevalence of hookworm infections among people in a northern part of Cambodia, suggesting the necessity of a sustained survey combined with control measures against hookworm infections.

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The occurrence of cross-host species soil-transmitted helminth infections in humans and domestic/livestock animals: A systematic review
Uniqueky Gratis Mawrie, Riviarynthia Kharkongor, María Martínez Valladares, Stella Kepha, Sitara S. R. Ajjampur, Rajiv Sarkar, Rachel Pullan, Muhammad Asaduzzaman
PLOS Global Public Health.2025; 5(8): e0004614.     CrossRef
Hookworm infections in carnivores in Iran: a One Health concern
Meysam Sharifdini, Aida Vafae Eslahi, Majid Pirestani, Ali Asghari, Giovanni Sgroi, Elham Hajialilo, Arian Ghannadi Karimi, Anastasia Diakou, Milad Badri
BMC Veterinary Research.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
Integrated Eco-Health approach significantly reduces helminth infections in endemic Khong islands with emphasis on Schistosoma mekongi
Somphou Sayasone, Youthanavanh Vonghachack, Shang Xia, Shan Lv, Xiao-Nong Zhou, Peter Odermatt
Infectious Diseases of Poverty.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
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Meiningtiyas Indriyanti, Sayono Sayono, Wahyu Handoyo, Tri Dewi Kristini, Didik Sumanto
International Journal of Medical Parasitology and Epidemiology Sciences.2024; 5(1): 11.     CrossRef
High endemicity of Opisthorchis viverrini infection among people in northern Cambodia confirmed by adult worm expulsion
Bong-Kwang Jung, Sooji Hong, Taehee Chang, Jaeeun Cho, Seungwan Ryoo, Keon Hoon Lee, Jeonggyu Lee, Woon-Mok Sohn, Sung-Jong Hong, Virak Khieu, Rekol Huy, Jong-Yil Chai
Scientific Reports.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
Hookworm infection in central China: morphological and molecular diagnosis
Fang Fang Xu, Yu Fei Niu, Wen Qing Chen, Sha Sha Liu, Jing Ru Li, Peng Jiang, Zhong Quan Wang, Jing Cui, Xi Zhang
Parasites & Vectors.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef

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Brief Communications

Larval Gnathostomes and Spargana in Chinese Edible Frogs, Hoplobatrachus rugulosus, from Myanmar: Potential Risk of Human Infection

Jong-Yil Chai, Bong-Kwang Jung, Jin-Youp Ryu, Hyun-Seung Kim, Sung-Jong Hong, Thi Thi Htoon, Htay Htay Tin, Byoung-Kuk Na, Woon-Mok Sohn

Korean J Parasitol 2020;58(4):467-473.
Published online August 25, 2020

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2020.58.4.467

Abstract

PDF

Chinese edible frogs, Hoplobatrachus rugulosus, were examined to estimate the potential risks of human gnathostomiasis and sparganosis in Myanmar. A total of 20 frogs were purchased in a local market of Yangon and examined with naked eyes and the artificial digestion method after skin peeling in June 2018 and June 2019. Larvae of gnathostomes and Spirometra (=spargana) were detected in 15 (75.0%) and 15 (75.0%) frogs with average intensities of 10.5 and 6.3 larvae per infected frog, respectively. Gnathostome larvae were 2.75-3.80 (av. 3.30) mm long and 0.29-0.36 (0.33) mm wide. They had a characteristic head bulb with 4 rows of hooklets, a muscular long esophagus, and 2 pairs of cervical sac. The mean number of hooklets were 41, 44, 47, and 50 on the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th row, respectively. Collected spargana were actively moving, particularly with the scolex part, and have ivory-white color and variable in size. Conclusively, it has been first confirmed that Chinese edible frogs, H. rugulosus, are highly infected with larval gnathostomes and spargana in this study. Consuming these frogs is considered a potential risk of human gnathostomiasis and sparganosis in Myanmar.

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Meiqi Weng, Xinhua Liu, Chenxi Zhang, Rui Shu, Andrew Wang, Haotian Zhang, Xingqiang Wang, Huirong Yang, Jinyong Zhang
Reviews in Aquaculture.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
Parasitic helminths of alien invasive anurans in Butuan City, Northeastern Mindanao, Philippines
CA. V. Torralba, E. F. Gamalinda, L. A. Estaño
Helminthologia.2023; 60(4): 385.     CrossRef
Echinostoma mekongi: Discovery of Its Metacercarial Stage in Snails, Filopaludina martensi cambodjensis, in Pursat Province, Cambodia
Jong-Yil Chai, Woon-Mok Sohn, Jaeeun Cho, Bong-Kwang Jung, Taehee Chang, Keon Hoon Lee, Virak Khieu, Rekol Huy
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2021; 59(1): 47.     CrossRef
Detection of Gnathostoma spinigerum Advanced 3rd-Stage Larvae in the Chinese Edible Frog, Hoplobatrachus rugulosus, from Local Markets in Phnom Penh, Cambodia
Woon-Mok Sohn, Bong-Kwang Jung, Sooji Hong, Seungwan Ryoo, Keon Hoon Lee, Virak Khieu, Jong-Yil Chai
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2021; 59(5): 519.     CrossRef
Larval Gnathostomes and Zoonotic Trematode Metacercariae in Fish from a Local Market in Yangon City, Myanmar
Jong-Yil Chai, Bong-Kwang Jung, Keon Hoon Lee, Jin-Youp Ryu, Hyeon-Seung Kim, Sung-Jong Hong, Thi Thi Htoon, Htay Htay Tin, Byoung-Kuk Na, Woon-Mok Sohn
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2020; 58(6): 701.     CrossRef

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Neuroprotective Effect of Chronic Intracranial Toxoplasma gondii Infection in a Mouse Cerebral Ischemia Model

Seung Hak Lee, Bong-Kwang Jung, Hyemi Song, Han Gil Seo, Jong-Yil Chai, Byung-Mo Oh

Korean J Parasitol 2020;58(4):461-466.
Published online August 25, 2020

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2020.58.4.461

Abstract

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Supplementary Material

Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular protozoan parasite that can invade various organs in the host body, including the central nervous system. Chronic intracranial T. gondii is known to be associated with neuroprotection against neurodegenerative diseases through interaction with host brain cells in various ways. The present study investigated the neuroprotective effects of chronic T. gondii infection in mice with cerebral ischemia experimentally produced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) surgery. The neurobehavioral effects of cerebral ischemia were assessed by measurement of Garcia score and Rotarod behavior tests. The volume of brain ischemia was measured by triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining. The expression levels of related genes and proteins were determined. After cerebral ischemia, corrected infarction volume was significantly reduced in T. gondii infected mice, and their neurobehavioral function was significantly better than that of the uninfection control group. Chronic T. gondii infection induced the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α) in the brain before MCAO. T. gondii infection also increased the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor after the cerebral ischemia. It is suggested that chronic intracerebral infection of T. gondii may be a potential preconditioning strategy to reduce neural deficits associated with cerebral ischemia and induce brain ischemic tolerance through the regulation of HIF-1α expression.

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Seroprevalence of latent toxoplasmosis and its association with clinical outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke; a case-control study in northeastern Iran
Amirali Ghahremani, Hasan Namdar Ahmadabad, Reza shafiei
Experimental Parasitology.2025; 276: 109003.     CrossRef

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Case Report

Two Human Cases of Echinococcus ortleppi Infection in the Lung and Heart in Vietnam

Nguyen Van De, Pham Ngoc Minh, Le Van Duyet, Nguyen Ngoc Bich, Trinh Nam Son, Bong-Kwang Jung, Jong-Yil Chai

Korean J Parasitol 2020;58(4):451-456.
Published online August 25, 2020

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2020.58.4.451

Abstract

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This is a report of 2 cases of human hydatidosis caused by Echinococcus ortleppi in Vietnam. The patients were a 12-year-old male (case 1) having a cyst of 10.0×9.0 cm size in the lung and a 50-year-old female with a 3.0×3.3 cm-sized cyst in the heart. Eosinophilia was 33.7% in the male and 45.8% in the female patient. C-reactive protein was increased to 16.5 mg/L in the male and 18.2 mg/L in the female. Both patients were positive for ELISA at OD=2.5 and 3.1, respectively. Echinococcus protoscolices were collected from the cysts by amniocentesis and surgery. The protoscolices were identified as E. ortleppi by morphology and analysis of mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase 1 (nad1) gene sequence. Both patients were cured by surgical resection of the hydatid cyst combined with albendazole medication. The E. ortleppi infection in lung is the second report, and the other in the heart is the first in Vietnam.

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Original Article

Echinostoma mekongi n. sp. (Digenea: Echinostomatidae) from Riparian People along the Mekong River in Cambodia

Jaeeun Cho, Bong-Kwang Jung, Taehee Chang, Woon-Mok Sohn, Muth Sinuon, Jong-Yil Chai

Korean J Parasitol 2020;58(4):431-443.
Published online August 25, 2020

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2020.58.4.431

Abstract

PDF

Echinostoma mekongi n. sp. (Digenea: Echinostomatidae) is described based on adult flukes collected from humans residing along the Mekong River in Cambodia. Total 256 flukes were collected from the diarrheic stool of 6 echinostome egg positive villagers in Kratie and Takeo Province after praziquantel treatment and purging. Adults of the new species were 9.0-13.1 (av. 11.3) mm in length and 1.3-2.5 (1.9) mm in maximum width and characterized by having a head collar armed with 37 collar spines (dorsal spines arranged in 2 alternative rows), including 5 end group spines. The eggs in feces and worm uterus were 98-132 (117) μm long and 62-90 (75) μm wide. These morphological features closely resembled those of Echinostoma revolutum, E. miyagawai, and several other 37-collar-spined Echinostoma species. However, sequencing of the nuclear ITS (ITS1-5.8S rRNA-ITS2) and 2 mitochondrial genes, cox1 and nad1, revealed unique features distinct from E. revolutum and also from other 37-collar-spined Echinostoma group available in GenBank (E. bolschewense, E. caproni, E. cinetorchis, E. deserticum, E. miyagawai, E. nasincovae, E. novaezealandense, E. paraensei, E. paraulum, E. robustum, E. trivolvis, and Echinostoma sp. IG). Thus, we assigned our flukes as a new species, E. mekongi. The new species revealed marked variation in the morphology of testes (globular or lobulated), and smaller head collar, collar spines, oral and ventral suckers, and cirrus sac compared to E. revolutum and E. miyagawai. Epidemiological studies regarding the geographical distribution and its life history, including the source of human infections, remain to be performed.

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Madeleine Ray, Michael Trinidad, Nidhish Francis, Shokoofeh Shamsi
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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine.2024; 17(12): 536.     CrossRef
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Scientific Reports.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
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Rafael Toledo, María Álvarez-Izquierdo, J. Guillermo Esteban, Carla Muñoz-Antoli
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Echinostoma mekongi: Discovery of Its Metacercarial Stage in Snails, Filopaludina martensi cambodjensis, in Pursat Province, Cambodia
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The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2021; 59(1): 47.     CrossRef
Echinostoma miyagawai Ishii, 1932 (Echinostomatidae) from Ducks in Aceh Province, Indonesia with Special Reference to Its Synonymy with Echinostoma robustum Yamaguti, 1935
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Acanthoparyphium shinanense n. sp. (Digenea: Echinostomatidae) from Experimental Chicks Infected with Metacercariae Encysted in Brackish Water Clams in the Republic of Korea
Seungwan Ryoo, Bong-Kwang Jung, Taehee Chang, Sooji Hong, Hyejoo Shin, Jong-Yil Chai
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2021; 59(4): 341.     CrossRef
Taxonomy of Echinostoma revolutum and 37-Collar-Spined Echinostoma spp.: A Historical Review
Jong-Yil Chai, Jaeeun Cho, Taehee Chang, Bong-Kwang Jung, Woon-Mok Sohn
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2020; 58(4): 343.     CrossRef

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Invited Review

Taxonomy of Echinostoma revolutum and 37-Collar-Spined Echinostoma spp.: A Historical Review

Jong-Yil Chai, Jaeeun Cho, Taehee Chang, Bong-Kwang Jung, Woon-Mok Sohn

Korean J Parasitol 2020;58(4):343-371.
Published online August 25, 2020

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2020.58.4.343

Abstract

PDF

Echinostoma flukes armed with 37 collar spines on their head collar are called as 37-collar-spined Echinostoma spp. (group) or ‘Echinostoma revolutum group’. At least 56 nominal species have been described in this group. However, many of them were morphologically close to and difficult to distinguish from the other, thus synonymized with the others. However, some of the synonymies were disagreed by other researchers, and taxonomic debates have been continued. Fortunately, recent development of molecular techniques, in particular, sequencing of the mitochondrial (nad1 and cox1) and nuclear genes (ITS region; ITS1-5.8S-ITS2), has enabled us to obtain highly useful data on phylogenetic relationships of these 37-collar-spined Echinostoma spp. Thus, 16 different species are currently acknowledged to be valid worldwide, which include E. revolutum, E. bolschewense, E. caproni, E. cinetorchis, E. deserticum, E. lindoense, E. luisreyi, E. mekongi, E. miyagawai, E. nasincovae, E. novaezealandense, E. paraensei, E. paraulum, E. robustum, E. trivolvis, and Echinostoma sp. IG of Georgieva et al., 2013. The validity of the other 10 species is retained until further evaluation, including molecular analyses; E. acuticauda, E. barbosai, E. chloephagae, E. echinatum, E. jurini, E. nudicaudatum, E. parvocirrus, E. pinnicaudatum, E. ralli, and E. rodriguesi. In this review, the history of discovery and taxonomic debates on these 26 valid or validity-retained species are briefly reviewed.

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Epizootology of echinostomatidosis of geese
I. Mullayarova, O. Nikolaeva, A. Andreeva, O. Altynbekov, C. Galieva, E. Muratova, M. Razyapov, M. Shaimuhametov, T. Itao, V. Perskaya, W. Yanmin, D. Morkovkin
E3S Web of Conferences.2024; 494: 04029.     CrossRef
Development and utilization of a visual loop-mediated isothermal amplification coupled with a lateral flow dipstick (LAMP-LFD) assay for rapid detection of Echinostomatidae metacercaria in edible snail samples
Wasin Panich, Phonkawin Jaruboonyakorn, Awika Raksaman, Thanawan Tejangkura, Thapana Chontananarth
International Journal of Food Microbiology.2024; 418: 110732.     CrossRef
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Molecular epidemiological analyses reveal extensive connectivity between Echinostoma revolutum (sensu stricto) populations across Eurasia and species richness of zoonotic echinostomatids in England
Egie E. Enabulele, Scott P. Lawton, Anthony J. Walker, Ruth S. Kirk, Hudson Alves Pinto
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A new cryptic species of Echinostoma (Trematoda: Echinostomatidae) closely related to Echinostoma paraensei found in Brazil
Marisa C. Valadão, Philippe V. Alves, Danimar López-Hernández, Jordana C. A. Assis, Paulo R. S. Coelho, Stefan M. Geiger, Hudson A. Pinto
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A new species ofEchinostoma(Trematoda: Echinostomatidae) from the ‘revolutum’ group found in Brazil: refuting the occurrence ofEchinostoma miyagawai(=E. robustum) in the Americas
Marisa C. Valadão, Danimar López-Hernández, Philippe V. Alves, Hudson A. Pinto
Parasitology.2022; 149(3): 325.     CrossRef
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Parasitology.2022; 149(7): 913.     CrossRef
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Rafael Toledo, María Álvarez-Izquierdo, J. Guillermo Esteban, Carla Muñoz-Antoli
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General overview of the current status of human foodborne trematodiasis
Jong-Yil Chai, Bong-Kwang Jung
Parasitology.2022; 149(10): 1262.     CrossRef
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N. Chomchoei, T. Backeljau, B. Segers, C. Wongsawad, P. Butboonchoo, N. Nantarat
Journal of Helminthology.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
Echinostoma miyagawai Ishii, 1932 (Echinostomatidae) from Ducks in Aceh Province, Indonesia with Special Reference to Its Synonymy with Echinostoma robustum Yamaguti, 1935
Jong-Yil Chai, Bong-Kwang Jung, Taehee Chang, Hyejoo Shin, Jaeeun Cho, Jin-Youp Ryu, Hyun-Seung Kim, Kwanghoon Park, Mun-Hyoo Jeong, Eui-Hyug Hoang, Marzuki Bin Muhammad Abdullah
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2021; 59(1): 35.     CrossRef
Echinostoma mekongi: Discovery of Its Metacercarial Stage in Snails, Filopaludina martensi cambodjensis, in Pursat Province, Cambodia
Jong-Yil Chai, Woon-Mok Sohn, Jaeeun Cho, Bong-Kwang Jung, Taehee Chang, Keon Hoon Lee, Virak Khieu, Rekol Huy
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2021; 59(1): 47.     CrossRef
On the Helminth Fauna of the Muskrat (Ondatra zibethicus (Linnaeus, 1766)) in the Barnim District of Brandenburg State/Germany
Rolf K. Schuster, Peter Specht, Siegfried Rieger
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Echinostoma mekongi n. sp. (Digenea: Echinostomatidae) from Riparian People along the Mekong River in Cambodia
Jaeeun Cho, Bong-Kwang Jung, Taehee Chang, Woon-Mok Sohn, Muth Sinuon, Jong-Yil Chai
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2020; 58(4): 431.     CrossRef

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Brief Communications

Molecular Diagnosis of Taenia saginata Tapeworms from Two Residents of Northern Cambodia

Taehee Chang, Bong-Kwang Jung, Woon-Mok Sohn, Sooji Hong, Hyejoo Shin, Seungwan Ryoo, Jeonggyu Lee, Keon Hoon Lee, Virak Khieu, Rekol Huy, Jong-Yil Chai

Korean J Parasitol 2020;58(2):201-204.
Published online April 30, 2020

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2020.58.2.201

Abstract

PDF

Taenia saginata infection has seldom been reported in Cambodia. In this study, we performed a survey of intestinal parasites in 1,156 residents of Preah Vihear and Stung Treng Provinces in 2018. The results revealed that 26 (2.4%) cases were positive for Taenia spp. eggs. In order to obtain the strobilae of the tapeworms, 2 patients in Preah Vihear were treated with praziquantel and purged with magnesium salts. The proglottids expelled after the medication were morphologically and molecularly analyzed to determine the species. The main uterine lateral braches in gravid proglottids were >15 in number suggesting that they are either T. saginata or Taenia asiatica. The sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) gene and 2 nuclear loci, elongation factor-1 alpha (ef1) and ezrin-radixin-moesin-like protein (elp), were identical to the sequences of T. saginata available in GenBank but distant from Taenia solium, T. asiatica, and T. saginata-T. asiatica hybrid. This is the first report of the presence of T. saginata in the northern part of Cambodia bordering Lao PDR based on a molecular confirmation.

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Bong-Kwang Jung, Sooji Hong, Taehee Chang, Jaeeun Cho, Seungwan Ryoo, Keon Hoon Lee, Jeonggyu Lee, Woon-Mok Sohn, Sung-Jong Hong, Virak Khieu, Rekol Huy, Jong-Yil Chai
Scientific Reports.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
Occurrence of a Hybrid Between Taenia saginata and Taenia asiatica Tapeworms in Cambodia
Taehee Chang, Bong-Kwang Jung, Sooji Hong, Hyejoo Shin, Seungwan Ryoo, Jeonggyu Lee, Keon Hoon Lee, Hansol Park, Keeseon S. Eom, Virak Khieu, Rekol Huy, Woon-Mok Sohn, Jong-Yil Chai
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2021; 59(2): 179.     CrossRef
Morphological and Molecular Diagnosis of Necator americanus and Ancylostoma ceylanicum Recovered from Villagers in Northern Cambodia
Taehee Chang, Bong-Kwang Jung, Woon-Mok Sohn, Sooji Hong, Hyejoo Shin, Seungwan Ryoo, Jeonggyu Lee, Keon Hoon Lee, Virak Khieu, Rekol Huy, Jong-Yil Chai
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2020; 58(6): 619.     CrossRef

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155 Download

6 Web of Science

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Effect of Mass Drug Administration with a Single Dose of Albendazole on Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura Infection among Schoolchildren in Yangon Region, Myanmar

Jong-Yil Chai, Woon-Mok Sohn, Sung-Jong Hong, Bong-Kwang Jung, Sooji Hong, Seon Cho, Jong-Bok Park, In-Sung Kim, Sunkyoung Kim, Keon-Hoon Lee, Hoo-Gn Jeoung, Thi Thi Htoon, Htay Htay Tin

Korean J Parasitol 2020;58(2):195-200.
Published online April 30, 2020

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2020.58.2.195

Abstract

PDF

Soil-transmitted helminths, including Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura, are important intestinal parasites mostly affecting younger people in developing countries. In 2014-2015, we performed mass fecal examinations targeting a total of 2,227 schoolchildren in 3 districts (South Dagon, North Dagon, and Hlaing-thar-yar) of Yangon Region, Myanmar, using the Kato-Katz thick smear technique. The egg positive children were subjected to a mass drug administration (MDA) using a single oral dose of 400 mg albendazole. The pre-treatment egg positive rate (EPG/person) of A. lumbricoides averaged 17.2% (15,532); it was 25.2% (21,796), 14.2% (11,816), and 12.8% (12,983) in 3 districts, respectively, and that of T. trichiura averaged 19.4% (1,074), and was 24.1% (1,040), 12.3% (852), and 21.2% (1,330) in 3 districts, respectively. Follow-up fecal examinations performed 4 months post-MDA revealed considerable decreases of A. lumbricoides prevalence (EPG/person) to av. 8.3% (12,429), and 13.7% (17,640), 8.0% (7,797), and 4.5% (11,849) in 3 districts, respectively. However, T. trichiura did not show any recognizable decrease in the prevalence (EPG/person) remaining at av. 18.2% (862), and 18.5% (888), 11.5% (812), and 23.3% (887) in 3 districts, respectively. The results demonstrated difficulty in short-term control of T. trichiura by MDA using albendazole and suggested necessity of either a long-term MDA (>10 years) or changing the albendazole regimen into 2~3-day course (total 800 or 1,200 mg), or using an alternative drug/drug combination.

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Richelle W. Kihoro, Damaris Mulewa, Collins Okoyo, Dominic Ayaa, Agnes Korir, Doris W. Njomo, Charles Mwandawiro, Janet Masaku, Emmanuel Timmy Donkoh
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Standard- and large-sized eggs of Trichuris trichiura in the feces of schoolchildren in the Yangon Region, Myanmar: Morphological and molecular analyses
Seungwan Ryoo, Bong-Kwang Jung, Sooji Hong, Hyejoo Shin, Hyemi Song, Hyun-Seung Kim, Jin-Youp Ryu, Woon-Mok Sohn, Sung-Jong Hong, Thi Thi Htoon, Htay Htay Tin, Jong-Yil Chai
Parasites, Hosts and Diseases.2023; 61(3): 317.     CrossRef
Parasitic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Track and Liver
Annie L. Braseth, David E. Elliott, M. Nedim Ince
Gastroenterology Clinics of North America.2021; 50(2): 361.     CrossRef
Albendazole and Mebendazole as Anti-Parasitic and Anti-Cancer Agents: an Update
Jong-Yil Chai, Bong-Kwang Jung, Sung-Jong Hong
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2021; 59(3): 189.     CrossRef
Occurrence of gastrointestinal helminths and the first molecular detection of Ancylostoma ceylanicum, Trichuris trichiura, and Trichuris vulpis in dogs in Myanmar
Lat Lat Htun, Sandar Thu Rein, Shwe Yee Win, Nyein Chan Soe, Su Su Thein, Yadanar Khaing, Yu Nandi Thaw, Hla Myet Chel, Myint Myint Hmoon, Saw Bawm
Parasitology Research.2021; 120(10): 3619.     CrossRef
Failure of Repeated MDA with Albendazole for Trichuriasis Control in Schoolchildren of the Yangon Region, Myanmar
Sooji Hong, Bong-Kwang Jung, Hyemi Song, Jaeeun Cho, Woon-Mok Sohn, Sung-Jong Hong, Jin-Youp Ryu, Hyun-Seung Kim, Mun-Hyoo Jeong, Thi Thi Htoon, Htay Htay Tin, Jong-Yil Chai
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2021; 59(6): 607.     CrossRef
Necrotizing pancreatitis due to Ascaris lumbricoides: Causes, diagnosis, and current treatment
Silvia Carolina Barbosa Valenzuela, Maite Lubian Nieto del Río, Daniela Ramirez, José Ariza Daza, Wilmar Montañez Coronado, Laura Alvarado
Revista colombiana de Gastroenterología.2021; 36(4): 514.     CrossRef
Larval Gnathostomes and Zoonotic Trematode Metacercariae in Fish from a Local Market in Yangon City, Myanmar
Jong-Yil Chai, Bong-Kwang Jung, Keon Hoon Lee, Jin-Youp Ryu, Hyeon-Seung Kim, Sung-Jong Hong, Thi Thi Htoon, Htay Htay Tin, Byoung-Kuk Na, Woon-Mok Sohn
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2020; 58(6): 701.     CrossRef

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Immunogenicity of Exosomes from Dendritic Cells Stimulated with Toxoplasma gondii Lysates in Ocularly Immunized Mice

Bong-Kwang Jung, Eun-Do Kim, Hyemi Song, Jong-Yil Chai, Kyoung Yul Seo

Korean J Parasitol 2020;58(2):185-189.
Published online April 30, 2020

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2020.58.2.185

Abstract

PDF

Immunogenicity of dendritic cell-derived exosomes stimulated with Toxoplasma gondii lysates (TLA exo), mixed with cholera toxin as an adjuvant, was investigated in mice immunized via 2 mucosal routes (ocular vs intranasal). BALB/c mice were injected 3 times with TLA exo vaccine at 2 week interval, and the levels of IgG in serum and IgA in tear, saliva, feces, and vaginal wash were measured. To observe the expression of T. gondii-specific B1 gene, mice infected with ME49 T. gondii cysts were immunized with TLA exo or PBS exo (not stimulated with TLA), and their brain tissues were examined. The mice vaccinated via intranasal route elicited significantly higher humoral and mucosal immune responses compared with mice treated with PBS alone. Also, mice immunized via ocular route (by eyedrop) induced significantly higher T. gondii-specific IgG in serum and IgA in tear and feces in comparison with PBS controls. B1 gene expression was significantly lower in TLA exo vaccinated mice than in PBS or PBS exo vaccinated mice. These results demonstrated that ocular immunization of mice with TLA exo vaccine has the potential to stimulate systemic or local antibody responses. This study also highlighted an advantage of an eyedrop vaccine as an alternative for T. gondii intranasal vaccines.

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Walaa A. Gad, Sally Ibrahim, Hiam Nagdy, Bassma S. M. Elsawy, Dina Aboelsoued, Hoda S. M. Abdel-Ghany, Ahmed A. A. Abdel-Wareth, Khaled A. Abd El-Razik, Karima Gh. M. Mahmoud, Walid T. M. Soliman, Mohamed O. Taqi
Veterinary Research Communications.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
Emerging role of extracellular vesicles in veterinary practice: novel opportunities and potential challenges
Yindi Xiong, Peng Lou, Chuang Xu, Bo Han, Jingping Liu, Jian Gao
Frontiers in Veterinary Science.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
The End Justifies the Means: Chagas Disease from a Perspective of the Host–Trypanosoma cruzi Interaction
Izadora Volpato Rossi, Denise Andréa Silva de Souza, Marcel Ivan Ramirez
Life.2024; 14(4): 488.     CrossRef
Exosomes: from biology to immunotherapy in infectious diseases
Velia Verónica Rangel-Ramírez, Hilda Minerva González-Sánchez, César Lucio-García
Infectious Diseases.2023; 55(2): 79.     CrossRef
The potential application of encapsulated exosomes: A new approach to increase exosomes therapeutic efficacy
Ali Hazrati, Zahra Mirsanei, Neda Heidari, Kosar Malekpour, Nasim Rahmani-Kukia, Ardeshir Abbasi, Sara Soudi
Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy.2023; 162: 114615.     CrossRef
Host-pathogen interactions mediated by extracellular vesicles in Toxoplasma gondii infection during pregnancy
Fernando Gómez-Chávez, José M. Murrieta-Coxca, Heriberto Caballero-Ortega, Diana M. Morales-Prieto, Udo R. Markert
Journal of Reproductive Immunology.2023; 158: 103957.     CrossRef
Immune system roles in pathogenesis, prognosis, control, and treatment of Toxoplasma gondii infection
Mohammad Mahdi Jafari, Zahra Azimzadeh Tabrizi, Mohammad Saaid Dayer, Nazanin Atieh Kazemi-Sefat, Mahshid Mohtashamifard, Rahimeh Mohseni, Atefeh Bagheri, Saeed Bahadory, Amir Karimipour-Saryazdi, Fatemeh Ghaffarifar
International Immunopharmacology.2023; 124: 110872.     CrossRef
Liquid Biopsy for Promising Non-invasive Diagnostic Biomarkers in Parasitic Infections
Eylem Akdur Ozturk, Ayse Caner
Acta Parasitologica.2022; 67(1): 1.     CrossRef
Eyedrop vaccination: an immunization route with promises for effective responses to pandemics
Jihei Sara Lee, Sangchul Yoon, Soo Jung Han, Eun-Do Kim, Jiyeon Kim, Hae-Sol Shin, Kyoung Yul Seo
Expert Review of Vaccines.2022; 21(1): 91.     CrossRef
Extracellular vesicles from Trypanosoma cruzi-dendritic cell interaction show modulatory properties and confer resistance to lethal infection as a cell-free based therapy strategy
Brenda Celeste Gutierrez, Maria Eugenia Ancarola, Izadora Volpato-Rossi, Antonio Marcilla, Marcel Ivan Ramirez, Mara Cecilia Rosenzvit, Marcela Cucher, Carolina Verónica Poncini
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
Chemically Engineered Immune Cell‐Derived Microrobots and Biomimetic Nanoparticles: Emerging Biodiagnostic and Therapeutic Tools
Leila Pourtalebi Jahromi, Mohammad‐Ali Shahbazi, Aziz Maleki, Amir Azadi, Hélder A. Santos
Advanced Science.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
Exosome-Based Vaccines: History, Current State, and Clinical Trials
Patrick Santos, Fausto Almeida
Frontiers in Immunology.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef

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Morphological and Molecular Confirmation of Parvatrema duboisi Metacercariae in the Manila Clam Ruditapes philippinarum from Gochang-gun, Korea

Taehee Chang, Bong-Kwang Jung, Hyejoo Shin, Sooji Hong, Jeonggyu Lee, Deok-Gyu Kim, Laddawan Patarwut, Woon-Mok Sohn, Jong-Yil Chai

Korean J Parasitol 2020;58(1):87-91.
Published online February 29, 2020

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2020.58.1.87

Abstract

PDF

Gymnophallid metacercariae found in the Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum (‘Banjirak’ in Korean) from Gochang-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Korea were morphologically and molecularly confirmed to be Parvatrema duboisi (Dollfus, 1923) Bartoli, 1974. The metacercariae were morphologically characterized by having a large oral sucker, small ventral sucker, genital pore some distance anterior to the ventral sucker, no ventral pit, and 1 compact or slightly lobed vitellarium, which were all compatible with P. duboisi. Some of the metacercariae were experimentally fed to mice, and adult flukes were recovered at day 7 post-infection. The morphology of the adult flukes was basically the same as that of the metacercariae except for the presence of uterine eggs; the uterus was filled with up to 40 eggs. The nucleotide sequences (1,193 bp) from ITS regions (ITS1, 5.8S rDNA, and ITS2) of the metacercariae showed 99.7% identity with P. duboisi and 75.7% identity with Gymnophalloides seoi deposited in GenBank. These results confirmed the presence of P. duboisi metacercariae in the Manila clam R. philippinarum in an estuary region of Gochang-gun, Korea.

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Survey of trematodes in Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum on the west coast of Korea: A preliminary study
Cuong Thanh Le, Hee-Do Jeung, Young-Ghan Cho, Kwang-Sik Choi
Journal of Invertebrate Pathology.2024; 206: 108172.     CrossRef
Description of a New Species of Bacciger (Digenea: Gymnophalloidea) Infecting the American Gizzard Shad, Dorosoma cepedianum (Lesueur, 1818), and Molecular Characterization of Cercaria rangiae Wardle, 1983, with Molecular Phylogeny of Related Digenea
Stephen S. Curran, Micah B. Warren, Stephen A. Bullard
Comparative Parasitology.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
Parvatrema duboisi (Digenea: Gymnophallidae) Life Cycle Stages in Manila Clams, Ruditapes philippinarum, from Aphae-do (Island), Shinan-gun, Korea
Bong-Kwang Jung, Taehee Chang, Hyejoo Shin, Seungwan Ryoo, Sooji Hong, Jeonggyu Lee, Hyemi Song, Jaeeun Cho, Deok-Gyu Kim, Hojong Jun, Min-Jae Kim, Eun Jeong Won, Eun-Taek Han, Eun-Hee Shin, Jong-Yil Chai
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2021; 59(1): 83.     CrossRef
Morphological and molecular characterization of larval digenean trematodes (Parvatrema: Gymnophallidae) and their pathological effects on the clam Leukoma thaca (=Protothaca thaca) (Bivalvia:Veneridae) (Molina, 1782) from northern Chile
Diana Montenegro, María Soledad Romero, María Teresa González
Parasitology International.2021; 80: 102238.     CrossRef

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Echinostoma aegyptica (Trematoda: Echinostomatidae) Infection in Five Riparian People in Savannakhet Province, Lao PDR

Jong-Yil Chai, Bong-Kwang Jung, Taehee Chang, Hyejoo Shin, Woon-Mok Sohn, Keeseon S. Eom, Tai-Soon Yong, Duk-Young Min, Bounlay Phammasack, Bounnaloth Insisiengmay, Han-Jong Rim

Korean J Parasitol 2020;58(1):67-72.
Published online February 29, 2020

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2020.58.1.67

Abstract

PDF

Human infection with Echinostoma aegyptica Khalil and Abaza, 1924 (Trematoda: Echinostomatidae) is extremely rare. In this study, we confirmed E. aegyptica infection in 5 riparian residents living along the Mekong River in Savannakhet Province, Lao PDR. The patients revealed eggs of Opisthorchis viverrini/minute intestinal flukes, echinostomes, and other parasites in fecal examinations using the Kato-Katz technique. Following treatment with praziquantel 30-40 mg/kg and pyrantel pamoate 10-15 mg/kg in a single dose and purging with magnesium salts, adult specimens of various helminth species were collected. Among the trematodes, echinostome flukes of 4.5-7.6 mm in length (n = 134; av. 22.3 specimens per case) were of taxonomic interest and subjected in this study. The flukes were morphologically characterized by having total 43-45 collar spines arranged in 2 alternating rows (corner spines usually 5 on each side) and compatible with previous descriptions of E. aegyptica. The patients were mixed-infected with other helminths, so specific clinical manifestations due to this echinostome fluke were difficult to determine. The present paper describes for the first time human E. aegyptica infections in Lao PDR. This is the second report of human infection (2nd-6th cases) with E. aegyptica in the world following the first one from China.

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High endemicity of Opisthorchis viverrini infection among people in northern Cambodia confirmed by adult worm expulsion
Bong-Kwang Jung, Sooji Hong, Taehee Chang, Jaeeun Cho, Seungwan Ryoo, Keon Hoon Lee, Jeonggyu Lee, Woon-Mok Sohn, Sung-Jong Hong, Virak Khieu, Rekol Huy, Jong-Yil Chai
Scientific Reports.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
Neglected food-borne trematodiases: echinostomiasis and gastrodiscoidiasis
Rafael Toledo, María Álvarez-Izquierdo, J. Guillermo Esteban, Carla Muñoz-Antoli
Parasitology.2022; 149(10): 1319.     CrossRef
Echinostoma mekongi n. sp. (Digenea: Echinostomatidae) from Riparian People along the Mekong River in Cambodia
Jaeeun Cho, Bong-Kwang Jung, Taehee Chang, Woon-Mok Sohn, Muth Sinuon, Jong-Yil Chai
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2020; 58(4): 431.     CrossRef

8,078 View

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Case Report

Case Report of Urinary Schistosomiasis in a Returned Traveler in Korea

Yangkyu Lee, Hyun Beom Song, Bong-Kwang Jung, Gheeyoung Choe, Min-Ho Choi

Korean J Parasitol 2020;58(1):51-55.
Published online February 29, 2020

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2020.58.1.51

Abstract

PDF

A 23-year-old Korean woman with a residence history in Kenya and Malawi for about 2 years presented with gross hematuria for 1 month. Blood tests were within normal range except eosinophilia. Asymmetrically diffuse wall thickening and calcification were observed at the urinary bladder on CT. Multiple erythematous nodular lesions were observed in the cystoscopy and transurethral resection was done. Numerous eggs of Schistosoma haematobium with granulomatous inflammation were observed in the submucosal layer of the bladder. The patient was diagnosed with schistosomiasis-related cystitis and treated with praziquantel (40 mg/kg/day) twice before and after transurethral resection. This case suggests that S. haematobium infection should be considered as a cause of hematuria in Korea when the patient had a history of traveling endemic areas of schistosomiasis.

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Imported parasitic diseases in the Republic of Korea: status and issues
Jong-Yil Chai
Journal of the Korean Medical Association.2025; 68(1): 52.     CrossRef
Diagnosis and management of complicated urogenital schistosomiasis: a systematic review of the literature
Tommaso Manciulli, Davide Marangoni, Joaquin Salas-Coronas, Cristina Bocanegra, Joachim Richter, Federico Gobbi, Leonardo Motta, Andrea Minervini, Alessandro Bartoloni, Lorenzo Zammarchi
Infection.2023; 51(5): 1185.     CrossRef
Bladder stones in a closed diverticulum caused by Schistosoma mansoni: A case report
Mohammad A Alkhamees
World Journal of Clinical Cases.2020; 8(19): 4475.     CrossRef
Parasitological Observation in Schoolchildren with Urogenital Schistosomiasis Following Treatment with Three Different Brands of Praziquantel
Yan Jin, Seungman Cha, Jinmoo Lee, Mousab Siddig Elhag, Sung-Tae Hong, Young-Ha Lee
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef

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Brief Communications

Survey of Gymnophalloides seoi Metacercariae in Natural and Cultured Oysters from Several Western Coastal Areas, Korea

Taehee Chang, Bong-Kwang Jung, Hyemi Song, Jaeeun Cho, Sooji Hong, Keon-Hoon Lee, Eui-Hyug Hoang, Jisu Kang, Jini Lim, Hana Lee, Jong-Yil Chai

Korean J Parasitol 2019;57(6):705-708.
Published online December 31, 2019

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2019.57.6.705

Abstract

PDF

Gymnophalloides seoi (Digenea: Gymnophallidae) is a human intestinal trematode contracted by eating raw oysters (Crassostrea gigas) in the Republic of Korea (=Korea). It has been known to be highly endemic in Aphae Island, Shinan-gun, Jeollanam-do (Province). However, recent epidemiological status of G. seoi has not been reported since the 1990s. In this study, we investigated the prevalence of G. seoi metacercariae in natural and cultured oysters collected from 3 islands and 2 coastal areas in western parts of Korea. The oysters were examined using the artificial digestion method followed by stereomicroscopy. The overall positive rate of G. seoi metacercariae in natural oysters was 66.0% (99/150), and the oysters collected from Yubu Island showed the highest infection rate (74.0%). However, the metacercarial density per oyster was relatively low (1.5-2.4 per oyster). By contrast, no metacercaria was found in cultured oysters purchased from 2 coastal areas in Chungcheongnam-do. Thus, we could confirm that natural oysters produced from 3 western coastal islands are infected with G. seoi metacercariae, whereas cultured oysters purchased from 2 coastal areas were free from infection.

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High sensitivity detection of Clonorchis sinensis and Gymnophalloides seoi in food by new real-time gene amplification method
Min Ji Hong, Mi-Gyeong Kim, Doo Won Seo, Hyun Mi Jung, Hyun-Ja Han, Seung Hwan Kim, Insun Joo
Food Science and Biotechnology.2025; 34(14): 3417.     CrossRef

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Anisakid Larvae from Anchovies in the South Coast of Korea

Taehee Chang, Bong-Kwang Jung, Sooji Hong, Hyejoo Shin, Jeonggyu Lee, Laddawan Patarwut, Jong-Yil Chai

Korean J Parasitol 2019;57(6):699-704.
Published online December 31, 2019

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2019.57.6.699

Abstract

PDF

Anisakiasis (anisakidosis) refers to a foodborne zoonosis caused by ingesting raw or undercooked marine fish or cephalopods infected with anisakid larvae. The present study was performed to investigate the prevalence of anisakid larvae in anchovies (Engraulis japonica) purchased from 2 local markets in Gyeongsangnam-do, the Republic of Korea (=Korea), during 2018-2019. Anchovies were transported to our laboratory and examined by pepsin-HCl artificial digestion technique followed by microscopic observations and molecular analyses. The overall prevalence of anisakid larvae was 19.5% (39/200), from which a total of 51 larvae (av. 1.3 larvae/infected anchovy) were recovered. Sequencing of the larvae targeting the ITS region, including ITS1, 5.8S rRNA, and ITS2 genes confirmed the species of larvae as Anisakis pegreffii (54.9%; 28/51), Hysterothylacium sinense (23.5%; 12/51), and Hysterothylacium aduncum (21.5%; 11/51). The results suggested that anchovies could be a potential source of human anisakiasis in Korea.

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Occurrence and molecular identification of anisakid nematodes in anchovies from the Gulf of California, Mexico
Dania López-Moreno, Marta Valmaseda-Angulo, Jesús Servando Hernández-Orts, José A. Cruz-Barraza, Emigdio Marín-Enríquez, Rebeca Sánchez-Cárdenas, Marlenne Manzano-Sarabia, Felipe Amezcua, Juan R.F. Vallarta-Zarate, Francisco N. Morales-Serna
Food Control.2026; 180: 111657.     CrossRef
Genetic analyses of Anisakis pegreffii (Nematoda: Anisakidae) from the East Asian finless porpoise Neophocaena asiaeorientalis sunameri (Cetacea: Phocoenidae) in Korean waters
Sunmin Kim, Jong Yoon Jeon, Kyunglee Lee, Hyunjoo Lee, Han Chan Park, Kyung Eun Lee, Hang Lee, Sung Bin Lee, Sang Wha Kim, Se Chang Park, Seongjun Choe, Heejeong Youn
Parasitology Research.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
Diatoms-endoparasite association in fish from the marine pacific coast of Colombia (Buenaventura)
Vanessa Potosi-Pai, Carlos E. Agudelo Morales, Javier Antonio Benavides-Montaño, Shawky M. Aboelhadid
PLOS ONE.2024; 19(12): e0312015.     CrossRef

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Echinochasmus caninus n. comb. (Trematoda: Echinostomatidae) Infection in Eleven Riparian People in Khammouane Province, Lao PDR

Jong-Yil Chai, Taehee Chang, Bong-Kwang Jung, Hyejoo Shin, Woon-Mok Sohn, Keeseon S. Eom, Tai-Soon Yong, Duk-Young Min, Bounlay Phammasack, Bounnaloth Insisiengmay, Han-Jong Rim

Korean J Parasitol 2019;57(4):451-456.
Published online August 31, 2019

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2019.57.4.451

Abstract

PDF

Adult specimens of Echinochasmus caninus n. comb. (Verma, 1935) (Trematoda: Echinostomatidae) (syn. Episthmium caninum Yamaguti, 1958) were recovered from 11 riparian people who resided along the Mekong River in Khammouane Province, Lao PDR. In fecal examinations done by the Kato-Katz technique, the cases revealed eggs of Opisthorchis viverrini/minute intestinal flukes, hookworms, and in 2 cases echinostome eggs. To recover the adult helminths, praziquantel 30-40 mg/kg and pyrantel pamoate 10-15 mg/kg in a single dose were given and purged with magnesium salts. Various species of trematodes (including O. viverrini and Haplorchis spp.), cestodes, and nematodes were recovered from their diarrheic stools. Among the trematodes, small echinostome flukes (n=42; av. 3.8 specimens per case) of 0.7-1.2 mm in length are subjected in this study. They are morphologically characterized by having 24 collar spines interrupted dorsally and anterior extension of vitellaria from the cirrus sac or genital pore level to the posterior end of the body. Particularly based on this extensive distribution of vitellaria, the specific diagnosis was made as Echinochasmus caninus. The cases were co-infected with various other helminth parasites; thus, clinical manifestations specific for this echinostome infection were difficult to determine. The present paper describes for the first time human E. caninus infections in Lao PDR. Our cases marked the 4-14th human infections with this echinostome around the world following the 3 previous cases reported from Thailand.

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Neglected food-borne trematodiases: echinostomiasis and gastrodiscoidiasis
Rafael Toledo, María Álvarez-Izquierdo, J. Guillermo Esteban, Carla Muñoz-Antoli
Parasitology.2022; 149(10): 1319.     CrossRef
General overview of the current status of human foodborne trematodiasis
Jong-Yil Chai, Bong-Kwang Jung
Parasitology.2022; 149(10): 1262.     CrossRef
Echinostoma aegyptica (Trematoda: Echinostomatidae) Infection in Five Riparian People in Savannakhet Province, Lao PDR
Jong-Yil Chai, Bong-Kwang Jung, Taehee Chang, Hyejoo Shin, Woon-Mok Sohn, Keeseon S. Eom, Tai-Soon Yong, Duk-Young Min, Bounlay Phammasack, Bounnaloth Insisiengmay, Han-Jong Rim
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2020; 58(1): 67.     CrossRef
Echinostoma mekongi n. sp. (Digenea: Echinostomatidae) from Riparian People along the Mekong River in Cambodia
Jaeeun Cho, Bong-Kwang Jung, Taehee Chang, Woon-Mok Sohn, Muth Sinuon, Jong-Yil Chai
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2020; 58(4): 431.     CrossRef
Echinostoma macrorchis Metacercariae in Cipangopaludina chinensis malleata from Xiengkhuang Province, Lao PDR and Morphologies of Adults from Experimental Animals
Woon-Mok Sohn, Byoung-Kuk Na, Dongmin Lee, Keeseon S. Eom, Tai-Soon Yong, Jong-Yil Chai, Duk-Young Min
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2019; 57(6): 657.     CrossRef

8,206 View

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Original Article

Neurocysticercosis: Clinical Characteristics and Changes from 26 Years of Experience in an University Hospital in Korea

Hyo-Ju Son, Min Jae Kim, Kyung Hwa Jung, Sungim Choi, Jiwon Jung, Yong Pil Chong, Sung-Han Kim, Sang-Oh Lee, Sang-Ho Choi, Yang Soo Kim, Jun Hee Woo, Bong-Kwang Jung, Hyemi Song, Jong-Yil Chai

Korean J Parasitol 2019;57(3):265-271.
Published online June 30, 2019

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2019.57.3.265

Abstract

PDF

The prevalence of human taeniasis has decreased in Korea. The stool egg positive proportion decreased from 1.9% in 1971 to 0% in 2004 in nationwide surveys. The neurocysticercosis (NCC) is also presumed to decrease. However, detailed information regarding the recent status of NCC in Korea is lacking. We retrospectively reviewed NCC cases from 1990 to 2016 at Asan Medical Center, a 2700-bed tertiary referral hospital in Korea. We identified patients based on clinical symptoms, brain imaging, pathology and serological assay. The cases were classified as parenchymal, extraparenchymal, and mixed NCC. Eighty-one patients were included in the analysis. The mean age was 54.5 years, and 79.0% were male. The number of NCC cases was highest from 1995 to 1999, and continuously decreased thereafter. Forty (49.4%) patients had parenchymal NCC, while 25 (30.9%) patients had extraparenchymal NCC, and 16 (19.8%) patients had mixed NCC. The seizure and headache were most common symptom of parenchymal NCC and extraparenchymal NCC respectively. Hydrocephalus was more common in extraparenchymal NCC, and patients with extraparenchymal NCC were more likely to require a ventriculoperitoneal shunt. Cases of NCC are decreasing accordingly with human taeniasis and lesion location was the most important determinant of clinical presentation and outcome of NCC in Korea.

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Mudamanchu Vamsi Krishna, Pubali Biswas, C. A. Jayashankar, V. H. Ganaraja, Amey Joshi
Clinical Case Reports.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
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Bibek Shrestha, Priyesh Shrestha, Bikram Prasad Gajurel, Grishma Kandel, Laxmi Shah
Clinical Case Reports.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
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Zoran Milenković, Stefan Momčilović, Aleksandra Ignjatović, Aleksandra Aracki-Trenkić, Tanja Džopalić, Nataša Vidović, Zorica Jović, Suzana Tasić-Otašević
Journal of Neurological Surgery Part A: Central European Neurosurgery.2025; 86(05): 467.     CrossRef
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Vaaragie Subramaniam, Jessica Houck DO
Cureus.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
Subarachnoid Neurocysticercosis Manifesting Cognitive Impairment and Gait Disturbance
Minsung Kang, Ho-Won Lee
Journal of the Korean Neurological Association.2025; 43(3): 169.     CrossRef
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Knowledge and misconceptions about epilepsy among people with epilepsy and their caregivers attending mental health clinics: A qualitative study in Taenia solium endemic pig‐keeping communities in Tanzania
Charles E Makasi, Andrew M Kilale, Bernard J Ngowi, Yakobo Lema, Victor Katiti, Michael J Mahande, Elizabeth F. Msoka, Dominik Stelzle, Andrea S Winkler, Blandina T. Mmbaga
Epilepsia Open.2023; 8(2): 487.     CrossRef
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Sunghee Park, Jiwon Jung, Yong Pil Chong, Sung-Han Kim, Sang-Oh Lee, Sang-Ho Choi, Yang Soo Kim, Min Jae Kim
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2021; 59(3): 227.     CrossRef
Could Differences in Infection Pressure Be Involved in Cysticercosis Heterogeneity?
Pedro T. Hamamoto Filho, Gagandeep Singh, Andrea S. Winkler, Arturo Carpio, Agnès Fleury
Trends in Parasitology.2020; 36(10): 826.     CrossRef
Neurocysticercosis Presenting as Homonymous Hemianopia
Hye Jin Lee
Journal of the Korean Ophthalmological Society.2020; 61(9): 1115.     CrossRef
Parasitic infections and medical expenses according to Health Insurance Review Assessment claims data in South Korea, 2011–2018
Ju Yeong Kim, Myung-hee Yi, Tai-Soon Yong, Guilherme L. Werneck
PLOS ONE.2019; 14(11): e0225508.     CrossRef

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152 Download

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Brief Communications

Molecular Identification of Anisakis Larvae Extracted by Gastrointestinal Endoscopy from Health Check-up Patients in Korea

Hyemi Song, Bong-Kwang Jung, Jaeeun Cho, Taehee Chang, Sun Huh, Jong-Yil Chai

Korean J Parasitol 2019;57(2):207-211.
Published online April 30, 2019

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2019.57.2.207

Abstract

PDF
Supplementary Material

Anisakiasis is a zoonotic disease induced by anisakid nematodes, and endoscopic inspection is used for a diagnosis or remedy for it. Anisakis simplex, Anisakis physeteris, and Pseudoterranova decipiens had been reported to be the major species causing human infections, particularly, in Japan. However, in Korea, recent studies strongly suggested that Anisakis pegreffii is the major species of human infections. To support this suggestion, we collected anisakid larvae (n=20) from 20 human patients who were undergone gastrointestinal endoscopy at a health check-up center in Korea, and molecular identification was performed on the larvae using PCR-RFLP analysis and gene sequencing of rDNA ITS regions and mtDNA cox2. In addition, anisakid larvae (n=53) collected from the sea eel (Astroconger myriaster) were also examined for comparison with those extracted from humans. The results showed that all human samples (100%) were identified as A. pegreffii, whereas 90.7% of the samples from the sea eel were A. pegreffii with the remaining 9.3% being Hysterothylacium aduncum. Our study confirmed that A. pegreffii is the predominant species causing human anisakiasis in Korea, and this seems to be due to the predominance of this larval type in the fish (sea eels) popularly consumed by the Korean people. The possibility of human infection with H. aduncum in Korea is also suggested.

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Alterations in immunized antigens of Anisakis pegreffii by ampicillin-induced gut microbiome changes in mice
Myungjun Kim, Jun Ho Choi, Myung-hee Yi, Singeun Oh, Tai-Soon Yong, Ju Yeong Kim
Parasites, Hosts and Diseases.2024; 62(3): 351.     CrossRef
Genetic analyses of Anisakis pegreffii (Nematoda: Anisakidae) from the East Asian finless porpoise Neophocaena asiaeorientalis sunameri (Cetacea: Phocoenidae) in Korean waters
Sunmin Kim, Jong Yoon Jeon, Kyunglee Lee, Hyunjoo Lee, Han Chan Park, Kyung Eun Lee, Hang Lee, Sung Bin Lee, Sang Wha Kim, Se Chang Park, Seongjun Choe, Heejeong Youn
Parasitology Research.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
Phylogenetic and phylogeographic analyses of Anisakis simplex sensu stricto (Nematoda: Anisakidae) from the common minke whale in Korean waters
Sunmin Kim, Bom Sok Lee, Seongjun Choe
Parasites, Hosts and Diseases.2023; 61(3): 240.     CrossRef
Sensitivity of candling as routine method for the detection and recovery of ascaridoids in commercial fish fillets
E. Mercken, I. Van Damme, B. Šoba, S. Vangeenberghe, A. Serradell, T. De Sterck, J. P. L. Lumain, S. Gabriël
Scientific Reports.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
Intraspecific Genetic Variation of Anisakis typica in Indian Mackerel Caught from the Gulf of Thailand, Samut Songkhram Province
Tanawat Chaiphongpachara, Poom Adisakwattana, Nantana Suwandittakul, Daiji Endoh
The Scientific World Journal.2022; 2022: 1.     CrossRef
Anisakiasis Annual Incidence and Causative Species, Japan, 2018–2019
Hiromu Sugiyama, Mitsuko Shiroyama, Ikuyo Yamamoto, Takashi Ishikawa, Yasuyuki Morishima
Emerging Infectious Diseases.2022; 28(10): 2105.     CrossRef
Identification and genetic characterization of Contracaecum sp. (Nematoda: Anisakidae) from China
Qingxun ZHANG, Meng MENG, Chengmei HUANG, Shengyong FENG, Jie LIU, Yan TANG, Yu FAN, Guohui YUAN, Shuyi HAN, Jing LUO, Baohua ZHAO, Hongxuan HE
Integrative Zoology.2021; 16(6): 929.     CrossRef
Anisakis pegreffii Extract Induces Airway Inflammation with Airway Remodeling in a Murine Model System
Jun Ho Choi, Ju Yeong Kim, Myung-hee Yi, Myungjun Kim, Tai-Soon Yong, Kalman Imre
BioMed Research International.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
Morphological study and molecular epidemiology of Anisakis larvae in mackerel fish
Vipavinee Cheypanya, Pheravut Wongsawad, Chalobol Wongsawad, Nattawadee Nantarat
Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine.2021; 14(5): 214.     CrossRef
Presence of Anisakidae in commercial fish species imported into the Belgian food markets: A systematic review and meta-analyses
E. Mercken, I. Van Damme, A. Serradell, S. Gabriël
International Journal of Food Microbiology.2020; 318: 108456.     CrossRef
Occurrence and molecular identification of Anisakis larval type 1 (Nematoda: Anisakidae) in marketed fish in Egypt
Eman Mostafa, Marwa Omar, Shimaa. S. Hassan, Mohamed Samir
Journal of Parasitic Diseases.2020; 44(3): 536.     CrossRef
Ascaridoids in commercial fish: Occurrence, intensity and localization in whole fish and fillets destined for the Belgian market
E. Mercken, I. Van Damme, S. Vangeenberghe, A. Serradell, T. De Sterck, J.P.L. Lumain, S. Gabriël
International Journal of Food Microbiology.2020; 327: 108657.     CrossRef
Advances in Omic Studies Drive Discoveries in the Biology of Anisakid Nematodes
Stefano D’Amelio, Fabrizio Lombardo, Antonella Pizzarelli, Ilaria Bellini, Serena Cavallero
Genes.2020; 11(7): 801.     CrossRef
Status of common parasitic diseases in Korea in 2019
Sun Huh
Journal of the Korean Medical Association.2019; 62(8): 437.     CrossRef
Parasitic infections and medical expenses according to Health Insurance Review Assessment claims data in South Korea, 2011–2018
Ju Yeong Kim, Myung-hee Yi, Tai-Soon Yong, Guilherme L. Werneck
PLOS ONE.2019; 14(11): e0225508.     CrossRef
Anisakid Larvae from Anchovies in the South Coast of Korea
Taehee Chang, Bong-Kwang Jung, Sooji Hong, Hyejoo Shin, Jeonggyu Lee, Laddawan Patarwut, Jong-Yil Chai
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2019; 57(6): 699.     CrossRef

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Seroprevalence and Risk Factors of Toxoplasma gondii Infection among Cat Sitters in Korea

Bong-Kwang Jung, Hyemi Song, Sang-Eun Lee, Min-Jae Kim, Jaeeun Cho, Eun-Hee Shin, Jong-Yil Chai

Korean J Parasitol 2017;55(2):203-206.
Published online April 30, 2017

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2017.55.2.203

Abstract

PDF

The seroprevalence of human toxoplasmosis has been increasing in Korea, and it is controversial whether cats are an important infection source or not. This study was performed to evaluate the seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in a high risk group (cat sitters) and to determine the possible importance of cats as an infection source in Korea. Risk factors, including the age, sex, and diet of cat sitters, their contact experience and contact frequency with stray cats, and origin, number, and outdoor activity of their pet cats, were analyzed using structured questionnaires. A total of 673 serum samples from people who have frequent contact with cats (high risk group) and 1,114 samples from general people (low risk group) were examined for specific IgG antibodies against T. gondii by ELISA. The results revealed that the overall seroprevalence of T. gondii infection was 7.4% (n=1,787). The seroprevalence among low risk group was 8.0% (89/1,114), whereas that among high risk group was rather lower 6.4% (43/673), though this difference was statistically not significant (P=0.211). Among the risk factors, only the outdoor activity of pet cats was important; people having cats with outdoor activities revealed 2 times higher seroprevalence than people having cats with only indoor activities (P=0.027). In conclusion, the seroprevalence of T. gondii was not significantly different between the high risk group and low risk group, and the importance of cats as a source of infection in Korea is questionable.

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Prevalence of parasitic infections in stray cats from Gimpo-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
Sooji Hong, Hyejoo Shin, Seungwan Ryoo, Chung-Won Lee, Jae-Young Park, Jong-Yil Chai, Bong-Kwang Jung
Parasites, Hosts and Diseases.2025; 63(2): 182.     CrossRef
Immunogenicity and Protective Efficacy of a Recombinant Toxoplasma gondii GRA12 Vaccine in Domestic Cats
Jinru Yang, Linchong Nie, Yining Song, Zipeng Yang, Liulu Yang, Hongjie Ren, Wenhao Li, Yasser Mahmmod, Xiu-Xiang Zhang, Ziguo Yuan, Hao Yuan, Yan Zhang
Vaccines.2025; 13(8): 851.     CrossRef
Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in cats in mainland China 2016–2020: a meta-analysis
Siyu Zhou, Ziyin Sang, Lijun Wang, Tangjie Zhang
Journal of Veterinary Science.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
Seroprevalence and risk factors of Toxoplasma gondii infection in goats in China from 2010 to 2020: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Xin-Yu Wei, Qing-Long Gong, Ao Zeng, Wei Wang, Qi Wang, Xiao-Xuan Zhang
Preventive Veterinary Medicine.2021; 186: 105230.     CrossRef
Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in cats in mainland China 2016–2020: a meta-analysis
Siyu Zhou, Ziyin Sang, Lijun Wang, Tangjie Zhang
Journal of Veterinary Science.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
Neuroprotective Effect of Chronic Intracranial Toxoplasma gondii Infection in a Mouse Cerebral Ischemia Model
Seung Hak Lee, Bong-Kwang Jung, Hyemi Song, Han Gil Seo, Jong-Yil Chai, Byung-Mo Oh
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2020; 58(4): 461.     CrossRef
Genetic Analysis of Zoonotic Gastrointestinal Protozoa and Microsporidia in Shelter Cats in South Korea
Dongmi Kwak, Min-Goo Seo
Pathogens.2020; 9(11): 894.     CrossRef
New prevalence surveillance of Toxoplasma gondii among rodents and stray cats by ELISA avidity and nested PCR methods, Northeast of Iran
Ehsan Shariat Bahadori, Javid Sadraei, Abdolhosein Dalimi
Journal of Parasitic Diseases.2019; 43(3): 360.     CrossRef

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Prevalence of Intestinal Protozoans among Schoolchildren in Suburban Areas near Yangon, Myanmar

Min-Jae Kim, Bong-Kwang Jung, Jaeeun Cho, Deok-Gyu Kim, Hyemi Song, Keon-Hoon Lee, Seon Cho, Thi Thi Htoon, Htay Htay Tin, Jong-Yil Chai

Korean J Parasitol 2016;54(3):345-348.
Published online June 30, 2016

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2016.54.3.345

Abstract

PDF

Although intestinal protozoans are common etiologies of diarrhea, few studies have been conducted in Myanmar. This study planned to investigate the prevalence of Giardia lamblia, Entamoeba coli, Entamoeba histolytica, and Endolimax nana among schoolchildren and their guardians in suburban areas near Yangon, Myanmar. We performed a cross-sectional survey among schoolchildren and their guardians from 7 primary schools in South Dagon and Hlaing Thar Yar districts, Yangon, Myanmar. Stool samples were observed with a microscope after concentration technique and iodine staining. Total 821 stool samples, including 556 from schoolchildren and 265 from guardians, were examined. The median age was 6 years old for schoolchildren and 36 years old for guardians. A 53.1% of the school children and 14.6 % of the guardians were males. The overall prevalence of each intestinal protozoan species was as follows: 3.4% (28/821) for G. lamblia; 3.5% (29/821) for E. coli; 1.2% (10/821) for E. histoytica, and 3.0% for E. nana. This study showed that intestinal protozoans are common in primary schoolchildren and their guardians in suburban areas near Yangon, Myanmar. Health interventions, such as hand washing education, improvement of sanitation, and establishment of water purification systems are urgently needed in this area.

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Yi Yi Myint, Win Pa Pa Aung, Maleewong Wanchai, Pewpan M. Intapan, Oranuch Sanpool, Aung Phyo Wai, Win Win Maw
Cureus.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
Epidemiology and Molecular Characterization of Entamoeba spp. in Non-Human Primates in Zoos in China
Diya An, Shui Yu, Tingting Jiang, Jianhui Zhang, Qun Liu, Jing Liu
Veterinary Sciences.2024; 11(12): 590.     CrossRef
Review of zoonotic amebiasis: Epidemiology, clinical signs, diagnosis, treatment, prevention and control
Junqiang Li, Zhaohui Cui, Xiaoying Li, Longxian Zhang
Research in Veterinary Science.2021; 136: 174.     CrossRef
Determinants of Pathogen Contamination of the Environment in the Greater Yangon Area, Myanmar
Leon Espira, Ther Aung, Khin Han, Pamela Jagger, Joseph N. S. Eisenberg
Environmental Science & Technology.2021; 55(24): 16465.     CrossRef
First identification and genotyping of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in humans in Myanmar
Yujuan Shen, Baiyan Gong, Xiaohua Liu, Yanchen Wu, Fengkun Yang, Jie Xu, Xiaofan Zhang, Jianping Cao, Aiqin Liu
BMC Microbiology.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
The Influence of HIV Status on the Burden and Clinical Manifestations of Gastrointestinal Pathogens in Yangon, Myanmar
Win Pa Pa Aung, Nan Phyu Sin Toe Myint, Thet Tun Zaw, David A. Cooper, Ne Myo Aung, Mar Mar Kyi, Mya Mya Lwin, Josh Hanson
The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.2020; 102(4): 884.     CrossRef
Identification of Uncommon Cryptosporidiumviatorum (a Novel Subtype XVcA2G1c) and Cryptosporidium andersoni as Well as Common Giardia duodenalis Assemblages A and B in Humans in Myanmar
Yanchen Wu, Baiyan Gong, Xiaohua Liu, Yanyan Jiang, Jianping Cao, Lan Yao, He Li, Aiqin Liu, Yujuan Shen
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
Prevalence and Genetic Identification of Three Entamoeba Species in Pigs in Southeastern China
Ting Ji, Hao-Xuan Cao, Ran Wu, Lin-Lin Cui, Guo-Ming Su, Chang Niu, Ning Zhang, Shou-Kun Wang, Dong-Hui Zhou
BioMed Research International.2019; 2019: 1.     CrossRef
Is it necessary to take anthelmintics every year in Korea?
Sun Huh
Journal of the Korean Medical Association.2018; 61(3): 198.     CrossRef
Prevalence, molecular epidemiology, and zoonotic potential of Entamoeba spp. in nonhuman primates in China
Haiju Dong, Junqiang Li, Meng Qi, Rongjun Wang, Fuchang Yu, Fuchun Jian, Changshen Ning, Longxian Zhang
Infection, Genetics and Evolution.2017; 54: 216.     CrossRef
Intestinal Parasitic Infections and Environmental Water Contamination in a Rural Village of Northern Lao PDR
Alexis Ribas, Chloé Jollivet, Serge Morand, Boupha Thongmalayvong, Silaphet Somphavong, Chern-Chiang Siew, Pei-Jun Ting, Saipin Suputtamongkol, Viengsaene Saensombath, Surapol Sanguankiat, Boon-Huan Tan, Phimpha Paboriboune, Kongsap Akkhavong, Kittipong C
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2017; 55(5): 523.     CrossRef

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High Toxoplasma gondii Seropositivity among Brain Tumor Patients in Korea

Bong-Kwang Jung, Hyemi Song, Min-Jae Kim, Jaeeun Cho, Eun-Hee Shin, Jong-Yil Chai

Korean J Parasitol 2016;54(2):201-204.
Published online April 30, 2016

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2016.54.2.201

Abstract

PDF

Toxoplasma gondii is an intracellular protozoan that can modulate the environment of the infected host. An unfavorable environment modulated by T. gondii in the brain includes tumor microenvironment. Literature has suggested that T. gondii infection is associated with development of brain tumors. However, in Korea, epidemiological data regarding this correlation have been scarce. In this study, in order to investigate the relationship between T. gondii infection and brain tumor development, we investigated the seroprevalence of T. gondii among 93 confirmed brain tumor patients (various histological types, including meningioma and astrocytoma) in Korea using ELISA. The results revealed that T. gondii seropositivity among brain tumor patients (18.3%) was significantly (P<0.05) higher compared with that of healthy controls (8.6%). The seropositivity of brain tumor patients showed a significant age-tendency, i.e., higher in younger age group, compared with age-matched healthy controls (P<0.05). In conclusion, this study supports the close relationship between T. gondii infection and incidence of brain tumors.

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Mariam T. El Khadrawe, Nahla El Skhawy, Maha M. Eissa
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Carlos J. Ramírez-Flores, Ricardo Mondragón-Flores, Mehmet Aykur
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Marwa M. Hamouda, Amany S. El-Saied, Ahmed Zaher, Amr Farid Khalil, Ayat A. ElBlihy, Nairmen Nabih, Samar N. El-Beshbishi
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Whorling‐sclerosing meningioma invading skull bone and subcutaneous tissue with an incidental toxoplasmosis: A case report
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Qasem Asgari, Farshad Rajabi, Fataneh Sajadian, Mohammad Saleh Bahreini, Nasir Arefkhah
Journal of Parasitic Diseases.2023; 47(2): 291.     CrossRef
Differentiating Cerebral Toxoplasmosis and Tumor Recurrence by Thallium-201 Single-Photon Emission Computerized Tomography in a 28-Year-Old Female with Astrocytoma
Mia Patrice Dela Vega, Paul Vincent Opinaldo, Julette Marie Batara
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Ali Abdollahi, Iman Razavian, Elnaz Razavian, Sahar Ghodsian, Mustafa Almukhtar, Elika Marhoommirzabak, Behnam Sartip, Hamid Parsa, Ali Rostami
Cancer Epidemiology.2022; 77: 102119.     CrossRef
Toxoplasma gondii and Rickettsia spp. in ticks collected from migratory birds in the Republic of Korea
A.-Tai Truong, Mi-Sun Yoo, Subin Min, Ji-Yeon Lim, Hyun-Ji Seo, Heung-Chul Kim, Sung-Tae Chong, Terry A. Klein, Chang-uk Park, Sook-Young Cho, Chang-Yong Choi, Young-Soo Kwon, Miran Kim, Soon-Seek Yoon, Yun Sang Cho
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Damien Dupont, Hélène Fricker-Hidalgo, Marie-Pierre Brenier-Pinchart, Cécile Garnaud, Martine Wallon, Hervé Pelloux
Trends in Parasitology.2021; 37(3): 205.     CrossRef
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James M. Hodge, Anna E. Coghill, Youngchul Kim, Noemi Bender, Stephanie A. Smith‐Warner, Susan Gapstur, Lauren R. Teras, Tom K. Grimsrud, Tim Waterboer, Kathleen M. Egan
International Journal of Cancer.2021; 148(10): 2449.     CrossRef
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Maguy Hamie, Rania Najm, Carine Deleuze-Masquefa, Pierre Antoine Bonnet, Jean-François Dubremetz, Marwan El Sabban, Hiba El Hajj
Frontiers in Immunology.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
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Jacek Furtak, Paulina Śledzińska, Marek G. Bebyn, Tadeusz Szylberg, Stanisław Krajewski, Marcin Birski, Marek Harat
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Darine Daher, Ahmad Shaghlil, Eyad Sobh, Maguy Hamie, Malika Elhage Hassan, Mohamad Bahij Moumneh, Shaymaa Itani, Rana El Hajj, Lina Tawk, Marwan El Sabban, Hiba El Hajj
Pathogens.2021; 10(11): 1351.     CrossRef
Molecular Detection of Toxoplasma Gondii in Haemaphysalis Ticks in Korea
Ju Yeong Kim, You Shine Kwak, In-Yong Lee, Tai-Soon Yong
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2020; 58(3): 327.     CrossRef
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Lei Liu, Peng Wang, Jing Xu, Chao-Ming Xia
Acta Tropica.2019; 192: 30.     CrossRef
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Davood Anvari, Mehdi Sharif, Shahabeddin Sarvi, Sargis A. Aghayan, Shirzad Gholami, Abdol Sattar Pagheh, Seyed Abdollah Hosseini, Reza Saberi, Tooran Nayeri Chegeni, Zahra Hosseininejad, Ahmad Daryani
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ERIC FAURE
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Original Article

Exosomes Secreted by Toxoplasma gondii-Infected L6 Cells: Their Effects on Host Cell Proliferation and Cell Cycle Changes

Min Jae Kim, Bong-Kwang Jung, Jaeeun Cho, Hyemi Song, Kyung-Ho Pyo, Ji Min Lee, Min-Kyung Kim, Jong-Yil Chai

Korean J Parasitol 2016;54(2):147-154.
Published online April 30, 2016

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2016.54.2.147

Abstract

PDF

Toxoplasma gondii infection induces alteration of the host cell cycle and cell proliferation. These changes are not only seen in directly invaded host cells but also in neighboring cells. We tried to identify whether this alteration can be mediated by exosomes secreted by T. gondii-infected host cells. L6 cells, a rat myoblast cell line, and RH strain of T. gondii were selected for this study. L6 cells were infected with or without T. gondii to isolate exosomes. The cellular growth patterns were identified by cell counting with trypan blue under confocal microscopy, and cell cycle changes were investigated by flow cytometry. L6 cells infected with T. gondii showed decreased proliferation compared to uninfected L6 cells and revealed a tendency to stay at S or G2/M cell phase. The treatment of exosomes isolated from T. gondii-infected cells showed attenuation of cell proliferation and slight enhancement of S phase in L6 cells. The cell cycle alteration was not as obvious as reduction of the cell proliferation by the exosome treatment. These changes were transient and disappeared at 48 hr after the exosome treatment. Microarray analysis and web-based tools indicated that various exosomal miRNAs were crucial for the regulation of target genes related to cell proliferation. Collectively, our study demonstrated that the exosomes originating from T. gondii could change the host cell proliferation and alter the host cell cycle.

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Luiz Fernando Cardoso Garcia, Victoria Cruz Cavalari, Pryscilla Fanini Wowk, Letusa Albrecht
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2025; 26(6): 2640.     CrossRef
Extracellular vesicles and endothelial dysfunction in infectious diseases
Linfang Zhang, Jingshu Chi, Hao Wu, Xiujuan Xia, Canxia Xu, Hong Hao, Zhenguo Liu
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Toxoplasma gondii Me49 and NED strains arrest host cell cycle progression and alter chromosome segregation in a strain-independent manner
Lisbeth Rojas-Barón, Carlos Hermosilla, Anja Taubert, Zahady D. Velásquez
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Toxoplasma gondii infection-induced host cellular DNA damage is strain-dependent and leads to the activation of the ATM-dependent homologous recombination pathway
Lisbeth Rojas-Barón, Carlos Hermosilla, Anja Taubert, Zahady D. Velásquez
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
Toxoplasma gondii modulates the host cell cycle, chromosome segregation, and cytokinesis irrespective of cell type or species origin
Lisbeth Rojas-Baron, Kira Senk, Carlos Hermosilla, Anja Taubert, Zahady D. Velásquez
Parasites & Vectors.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
Exosomes: Friends or Foes in Microbial Infections?
Samane Teymouri, Maryam Pourhajibagher, Abbas Bahador
Infectious Disorders - Drug Targets.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
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Rasha Fadly Mady, Mona Mohamed El-Temsahy, Yasmine Amr Issa, Aya Saied Zaghloul, Safaa Ibrahim Khedr
Acta Parasitologica.2024; 69(2): 1253.     CrossRef
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Abolfazl Rahmani, Ali Soleymani, Mustafa Almukhtar, Kimia Behzad Moghadam, Zahra Vaziri, Ali Hosein Tabar Kashi, Reza Adabi Firoozjah, Mehrdad Jafari Tadi, Maryam Zolfaghari Dehkharghani, Hadi Valadi, Ali Akbar Moghadamnia, Robin B. Gasser, Ali Rostami
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Parasitology.2021; 148(3): 341.     CrossRef
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Marta Marques Maia, Allecineia Bispo da Cruz, Noemi Nosomi Taniwaki, Gislene Mitsue Namiyama, Ricardo Gava, Aparecida Helena Souza Gomes, Cristina Takami Kanamura, Maria Lourdes Peris Barbo, Vera Lucia Pereira-Chioccola
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Marta Marques Maia, Allecineia Bispo da Cruz, Ingrid de Siqueira Pereira, Noemi Nosomi Taniwaki, Gislene Mitsue Namiyama, Vera Lucia Pereira‐Chioccola
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Allecineia Bispo da Cruz, Marta Marques Maia, Ingrid de Siqueira Pereira, Noemi Nosomi Taniwaki, Gislene Mitsue Namiyama, João Paulo Marochi Telles, Jose Ernesto Vidal, Lígia Cosentino Junqueira Franco Spegiorin, Cinara Cássia Brandão de Mattos, Luiz Carl
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PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases.2019; 13(2): e0007191.     CrossRef
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Zahady D. Velásquez, Iván Conejeros, Camilo Larrazabal, Katharina Kerner, Carlos Hermosilla, Anja Taubert
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CarmenLuz Pessuti, DeiseFialho Costa, KleberS Ribeiro, Heloisa Nascimento, Rubens Belfort, AlessandraG Commodaro, AnaClaudia Torrecilhas
The Pan-American Journal of Ophthalmology.2019; 1(1): 1.     CrossRef
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Wei-Chen Lin, Chia-Yun Tsai, Jian-Ming Huang, Shang-Rung Wu, Lichieh Julie Chu, Kuo-Yang Huang
Parasites & Vectors.2019;[Epub]     CrossRef
Toxoplasma gondii Impairs Myogenesis in vitro, With Changes in Myogenic Regulatory Factors, Altered Host Cell Proliferation and Secretory Profile
Paloma de Carvalho Vieira, Mariana Caldas Waghabi, Daniela Gois Beghini, Danilo Predes, Jose Garcia Abreu, Vincent Mouly, Gillian Butler-Browne, Helene Santos Barbosa, Daniel Adesse
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Frontiers in Immunology.2018;[Epub]     CrossRef
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Elham Hosseini‐Beheshti, Georges Emile Raymond Grau
Immunology & Cell Biology.2018; 96(7): 694.     CrossRef
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Extracellular vesicles isolated from Toxoplasma gondii induce host immune response
Valeria Oliveira Silva, Marta Marques Maia, Ana Claudia Torrecilhas, Noemi Nosomi Taniwaki, Gislene Mitsue Namiyama, Katia Cristina Oliveira, Kleber Silva Ribeiro, Maytê dos Santos Toledo, Patricia Xander, Vera Lucia Pereira‐Chioccola
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Brief Communications

Molecular Description of Macroorchis spinulosus (Digenea: Nanophyetidae) Based on ITS1 Sequences

Eun Jeong Won, Deok-Gyu Kim, Jaeeun Cho, Bong-Kwang Jung, Min-Jae Kim, Yong Woon Yun, Jong-Yil Chai, Dong Wook Ryang

Korean J Parasitol 2016;54(1):109-112.
Published online February 26, 2016

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2016.54.1.109

Abstract

PDF

We performed a molecular genetic study on the sequences of 18S ribosomal RNA (ITS1 region) gene in 4-day-old adult worms of Macroorchis spinulosus recovered in mice experimentally infected with metacercariae from crayfish in Jeollanam-do Province, Korea. The metacercariae were round, 180 μm in average diameter, encysted with 2 layers of thick walls, but the stylet on the oral sucker was not clearly seen. The adult flukes were oval shape, and 760-820 μm long and 320-450 μm wide, with anterolateral location of 2 large testes. The phylogenetic tree based on ITS1 sequences of 6 M. spinulosus samples showed their distinguished position from other trematode species in GenBank. The most closely resembled group was Paragonimus spp. which also take crayfish or crabs as the second intermediate host. The present study is the first molecular characterization of M. spinulosus and provided a basis for further phylogenetic studies to compare with other trematode fauna in Korea.

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Origins, phylogenetic relationships and host-parasite interactions of Troglotrematoidea since the cretaceous
Konstantin S. Vainutis, Anastasia N. Voronova, Georg G. Duscher, Egor M. Shchelkanov, Mikhail Yu. Shchelkanov
Infection, Genetics and Evolution.2022; 101: 105274.     CrossRef
Morphological and Molecular Characteristics of Clinostomid Metacercariae from Korea and Myanmar
Eun Jeong Won, Yu Jeong Lee, Moon-Ju Kim, Jong-Yil Chai, Byoung-Kuk Na, Woon-Mok Sohn
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2020; 58(6): 635.     CrossRef
Metagonimus suifunensis sp. n. (Trematoda: Heterophyidae) from the Russian Southern Far East: Morphology, life cycle, and molecular data
P.G. Shumenko, Y.V. Tatonova, V.V. Besprozvannykh
Parasitology International.2017; 66(1): 982.     CrossRef

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High Prevalence of Enterobius vermicularis Infection among Schoolchildren in Three Townships around Yangon, Myanmar

Jong-Yil Chai, Seung Koo Yang, Jae Won Kim, Soo-Lyoen Choi, Gyu-Young Song, Bong-Kwang Jung, Min-Jae Kim, Jaeeun Cho, Deok-Gyu Kim, Woon-Mok Sohn, Hoo-Gn Jeoung, Seon Cho, Jong-Bok Park, Sooji Hong, Thi Thi Htoon, Htay Htay Tin

Korean J Parasitol 2015;53(6):771-775.
Published online December 31, 2015

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2015.53.6.771

Abstract

PDF

In order to determine the status of Enterobius vermicularis infection among schoolchildren in suburban areas of Myanmar, 761 primary schoolchildren in 3 different townships around Yangon City were subjected to a survey using cello-tape anal swabs. The subjected schoolchildren were 383 boys and 378 girls who were 5-7 years of age. Only 1 anal swab was obtained from each child. The overall egg positive rate of E. vermicularis was 47.2% (359 positives), and sex difference was not remarkable (48.6% in boys and 45.8% in girls). However, the positive rate was the highest in South Dagon (54.6%) followed by Hlaing Thayar (43.8%) and North Dagon (34.8%). This difference was highly correlated with the living standards of the people in each township. Nucleotide sequence of the 5S rDNA from the eggs on the cello-tape (2 children) revealed 99.7% identity with that of E. vermicularis reported in GenBank. The results indicated that E. vermicularis infection is highly prevalent among primary schoolchildren around Yangon, Myanmar.

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Prevalence and Epidemiological Patterns of Enterobius vermicularis Infection in Thailand: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Jurairat Jongthawin, Aongart Mahittikorn, Apiporn Thinkhamrop Suwannatrai, Chutima Rattanawan, Kinley Wangdi, Frederick Ramirez Masangkay, Manas Kotepui
Medical Sciences.2025; 13(4): 207.     CrossRef
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Alexander K.C. Leung, Joseph M. Lam, Benjamin Barankin, Alex H.C. Wong, Kin F. Leong, Kam L. Hon
Current Pediatric Reviews.2025; 21(4): 333.     CrossRef
Positive rates for Enterobius vermicularis eggs among preschool children in Yeosu-si, Jeollanam-do, Korea (2017-2021)
Myoung-Ro Lee, Hee-Eun Shin, Seon-Ok Back, Young-Ju Lee, Jung-Won Ju, Chun Soon Park, Hee-Il Lee
Parasites, Hosts and Diseases.2023; 61(1): 84.     CrossRef
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Elham Kia Lashaki, Azadeh Mizani, Seyed Abdollah Hosseini, Bentolhoda Habibi, Khadijeh Taherkhani, Amir Javadi, AliReza Taremiha, Samira Dodangeh
Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives.2023; 14(6): 441.     CrossRef
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W. Khan, W. A. Panhwar, S. A. Mehmood, S. Ahmed, M. S. Ahmed, N. Khan, M. M. Khan, W. Akram, S. Ullah, Imran
Brazilian Journal of Biology.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
Enterobiasis among Yemeni children: a cross-sectional study
Abdulelah H. Al-Adhroey, Yahya A. Al-Ansi, Mohammed A. Al-Kholani, Abdulrahman H. Amer, Marwan M. Al-Khyat, Fadia H. Al Hubaishi, Radhwan H. Aziz, Ebrahim S. Al-Khateeb, Souad A. Al-Gabri, Tawfik M. Al-Gabri
Journal of Parasitic Diseases.2022; 46(3): 722.     CrossRef
Prevalence and genetic analysis of Enterobius vermicularis in schoolchildren in lower northern Thailand
Pichamon Janthu, Abdulhakam Dumidae, Chanakan Subkrasae, Jiranun Ardpairin, Saengchai Nateeworanart, Aunchalee Thanwisai, Apichat Vitta
Parasitology Research.2022; 121(10): 2955.     CrossRef
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Chia-Kwung Fan, Pasaikou Sonko, Yueh-Lun Lee, Ai-Wen Yin, Ting-Wu Chuang, Ramson Kios, Ying-Ting Wang, Chia-Mei Chou, Shao-Lun Hsu, Mai-Szu Wu, Jia-Wei Lin, Chia-Ying Tu, Pedro P. Chieffi
Journal of Tropical Medicine.2021; 2021: 1.     CrossRef
Enterobius vermicularis Infection among Preschool Children: A 12-Year (2008-2019) Survey in Large Cities and Provinces of the Republic of Korea
Hyejoo Shin, Bong-Kwang Jung, Seungwan Ryoo, Sooji Hong, Taehee Chang, Jiyeon Park, Keon Hoon Lee, Jeonggyu Lee, Jae Young Park, Hoo-Gn Jeoung, Jae Hyun Cho, Jong-Yil Chai
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2021; 59(4): 421.     CrossRef
Enterobius vermicularis larvae in urine sample of female student: The first case report in Indonesia
Didik Sumanto, Sayono Sayono, Puji Lestari Mudawamah
Journal of Microbiology & Experimentation.2021; 9(1): 1.     CrossRef
Eskişehir'de park ve toplu taşıma araçlarında Enterobius vermicularis kontaminasyonunun araştırılması
Kürşat KARTAL, Mustafa ESER, Mustafa KÖSE, Hakan GÜZEL
Kocatepe Veterinary Journal.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
Detection of Enterobius vermicularis in greater Berlin, 2007–2017: seasonality and increased frequency of detection
Johannes Friesen, Clara Bergmann, Robert Neuber, Jörg Fuhrmann, Thilo Wenzel, Anita Durst, Michael Müller, Ralf Ignatius
European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases.2019; 38(4): 719.     CrossRef
Enterobius vermicularis infection and its risk factors among pre-school children in Taipei, Taiwan
Kuang-Yao Chen, Chuan-Min Yen, Kao-Pin Hwang, Lian-Chen Wang
Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection.2018; 51(4): 559.     CrossRef
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P. Cociancic, M. L. Zonta, G. T. Navone
Zoonoses and Public Health.2018;[Epub]     CrossRef
The frequency of Enterobius vermicularis infection in children from Wielkopolska Voivodeship
Marta Siekierska, Karolina Kot, Natalia Łanocha-Arendarczyk, Danuta Kosik-Bogacka
Diagnostyka Laboratoryjna.2018; 54(1): 5.     CrossRef
Prevalence of Intestinal Protozoans among Schoolchildren in Suburban Areas near Yangon, Myanmar
Min-Jae Kim, Bong-Kwang Jung, Jaeeun Cho, Deok-Gyu Kim, Hyemi Song, Keon-Hoon Lee, Seon Cho, Thi Thi Htoon, Htay Htay Tin, Jong-Yil Chai
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2016; 54(3): 345.     CrossRef

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Articles from Symposium on Control of NTDs around Lake Victoria, Tanzania

High Malaria Prevalence among Schoolchildren on Kome Island, Tanzania

Min-Jae Kim, Bong-Kwang Jung, Jong-Yil Chai, Keeseon S. Eom, Tai-Soon Yong, Duk-Young Min, Julius E. Siza, Godfrey M. Kaatano, Josephat Kuboza, Peter Mnyeshi, John M. Changalucha, Yunsuk Ko, Su Young Chang, Han-Jong Rim

Korean J Parasitol 2015;53(5):571-574.
Published online October 29, 2015

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2015.53.5.571

Abstract

PDF

In order to determine the status of malaria among schoolchildren on Kome Island (Lake Victoria), near Mwanza, Tanzania, a total of 244 schoolchildren in 10 primary schools were subjected to a blood survey using the fingerprick method. The subjected schoolchildren were 123 boys and 121 girls who were 6-8 years of age. Only 1 blood smear was prepared for each child. The overall prevalence of malaria was 38.1% (93 positives), and sex difference was not remarkable. However, the positive rate was the highest in Izindabo Primary School (51.4%) followed by Isenyi Primary School (48.3%) and Bugoro Primary School (46.7%). The lowest prevalence was found in Muungano Primary School (16.7%) and Nyamiswi Primary School (16.7%). These differences were highly correlated with the location of the school on the Island; those located in the peripheral area revealed higher prevalences while those located in the central area showed lower prevalences. Plasmodium falciparum was the predominant species (38.1%; 93/244), with a small proportion of them mixed-infected with Plasmodium vivax (1.6%; 4/244). The results revealed that malaria is highly prevalent among primary schoolchildren on Kome Island, Tanzania, and there is an urgent need to control malaria in this area.

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Hailu Merga, Teshome Degefa, Zewdie Birhanu, Ephrem Abiy, Ming-Chieh Lee, Guiyun Yan, Delenasaw Yewhalaw
Malaria Journal.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
Malaria Species Positivity Rates Among Symptomatic Individuals Across Regions of Differing Transmission Intensities in Mainland Tanzania
Zachary R Popkin-Hall, Misago D Seth, Rashid A Madebe, Rule Budodo, Catherine Bakari, Filbert Francis, Dativa Pereus, David J Giesbrecht, Celine I Mandara, Daniel Mbwambo, Sijenunu Aaron, Abdallah Lusasi, Samwel Lazaro, Jeffrey A Bailey, Jonathan J Julian
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Malaria Journal.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
Similar Prevalence of Plasmodium falciparum and Non–P. falciparum Malaria Infections among Schoolchildren, Tanzania1
Rachel Sendor, Cedar L. Mitchell, Frank Chacky, Ally Mohamed, Lwidiko E. Mhamilawa, Fabrizio Molteni, Ssanyu Nyinondi, Bilali Kabula, Humphrey Mkali, Erik J. Reaves, Naomi Serbantez, Chonge Kitojo, Twilumba Makene, Thwai Kyaw, Meredith Muller, Alexis Mwan
Emerging Infectious Diseases.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
Performance evaluation of the highly sensitive histidine‐rich protein 2 rapid test for Plasmodium falciparum malaria in North-West Tanzania
Alphaxard Manjurano, Justin J. Omolo, Eric Lyimo, Donald Miyaye, Coleman Kishamawe, Lucas E. Matemba, Julius J. Massaga, John Changalucha, Paul E. Kazyoba
Malaria Journal.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
Multiplex-RT-PCR-ELISA panel for detecting mosquito-borne pathogens: Plasmodium sp. preserved and eluted from dried blood spots on sample cards
Philip Koliopoulos, Neema Mathias Kayange, Tim Daniel, Florian Huth, Britta Gröndahl, Grey Carolina Medina-Montaño, Leah Pretsch, Julia Klüber, Christian Schmidt, Antke Züchner, Sebastian Ulbert, Steven E. Mshana, Marylyn Addo, Stephan Gehring
Malaria Journal.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
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Paul M. Hayuma, Christian W. Wang, Edwin Liheluka, Vito Baraka, Rashid A. Madebe, Daniel T. R. Minja, Gerald Misinzo, Michael Alifrangis, John P. A. Lusingu
Malaria Journal.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
Malaria Morbidities Following Universal Coverage Campaign for Long-Lasting Insecticidal Nets: A Case Study in Ukerewe District, Northwestern Tanzania

Anthony Kapesa, Namanya Basinda, Elias C. Nyanza, Joshua Monge, Sospatro E Ngallaba, Joseph R Mwanga, Eliningaya J Kweka
Research and Reports in Tropical Medicine.2020; Volume 11: 53.     CrossRef
Uncomplicated falciparum malaria among schoolchildren in Bajil district of Hodeidah governorate, west of Yemen: association with anaemia and underweight
Talal S. Alwajeeh, Rashad Abdul-Ghani, Amal F. Allam, Hoda F. Farag, Safia S. M. Khalil, Amel Y. Shehab, Mona H. El-Sayad, Raed A. Alharbi, Shaia S. R. Almalki, Ahmed A. Azazy
Malaria Journal.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
A population‐based study of the prevalence and risk factors of low‐grade Plasmodium falciparum malaria infection in children aged 0–15 years old in northern Tanzania
S. Peprah, H. Dhudha, H. Ally, N. Masalu, E. Kawira, C. N. Chao, I. O. Genga, M. Mumia, P. A. Were, T. Kinyera, I. Otim, I. D. Legason, R. J. Biggar, K. Bhatia, J. J. Goedert, R. M. Pfeiffer, S. M. Mbulaiteye
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Amir Alelign, Zinaye Tekeste, Beyene Petros
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Hugo Kavunga-Membo, Gillon Ilombe, Justin Masumu, Junior Matangila, Joël Imponge, Emile Manzambi, Francis Wastenga, Dieudonné Mumba Ngoyi, Jean-Pierre Van Geetruyden, Jean Jacques Muyembe
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Indoor residual spraying with micro-encapsulated pirimiphos-methyl (Actellic® 300CS) against malaria vectors in the Lake Victoria basin, Tanzania
Fabian M. Mashauri, Alphaxard Manjurano, Safari Kinung’hi, Jackline Martine, Eric Lyimo, Coleman Kishamawe, Chacha Ndege, Mahdi M. Ramsan, Adeline Chan, Charles D. Mwalimu, John Changalucha, Stephen Magesa, Clive Shiff
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Book Review

Parasitology: A Conceptual Approach

Bong-Kwang Jung, Jong-Yil Chai

Korean J Parasitol 2015;53(4):507-507.
Published online August 25, 2015

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2015.53.4.507

PDF

6,053 View

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Original Article

Intestinal Helminths Recovered from Humans in Xieng Khouang Province, Lao PDR with a Particular Note on Haplorchis pumilio Infection

Jong-Yil Chai, Woon-Mok Sohn, Bong-Kwang Jung, Tai-Soon Yong, Keeseon S. Eom, Duk-Young Min, Bounnaloth Insisiengmay, Sithat Insisiengmay, Bounlay Phommasack, Han-Jong Rim

Korean J Parasitol 2015;53(4):439-445.
Published online August 25, 2015

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2015.53.4.439

Abstract

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A survey of intestinal helminths was undertaken in riparian people in Xieng Khouang Province, Lao PDR. Fecal specimens were collected from 643 people (289 males and 354 females) residing in 4 districts (Nonghet, Kham, Phoukout, and Pek) and were examined by the Kato-Katz technique. The overall helminth egg positive rate was 41.2%, and hookworms revealed the highest prevalence (32.7%) followed by Trichuris trichiura (7.3%) and Ascaris lumbricoides (5.6%). The positive rate for small trematode eggs (STE), which may include Opisthorchis viverrini, heterophyids, and lecithodendriids, was 4.4%. For recovery of adult helminths, 12 STE or nematode/cestode egg-positive people were treated with 40 mg/kg praziquantel and 15 mg/kg pyrantel pamoate, and then purged. Mixed infections with 2 Haplorchis species (H. pumilio and H. taichui), Centrocestus formosanus, Opisthorchis viverrini, a species of cestode (Taenia saginata), and several species of nematodes including hookworms and Enterobius vermicularis were detected. The worm load for trematodes was the highest for H. pumilio with an average of 283.5 specimens per infected person followed by C. formosanus, H. taichui, and O. viverrini. The worm load for nematodes was the highest for hookworms (21.5/infected case) followed by E. vermicularis (3.2/infected case). The results revealed that the surveyed areas of Xieng Khouang Province, Lao PDR are endemic areas of various species of intestinal helminths. The STE found in the surveyed population were verified to be those of heterophyids, particularly H. pumilio.

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Brief Communication

Anisakis pegreffii Larvae in Sea Eels (Astroconger myriaster) from the South Sea, Republic of Korea

Jaeeun Cho, Hyemi Lim, Bong-Kwang Jung, Eun-Hee Shin, Jong-Yil Chai

Korean J Parasitol 2015;53(3):349-353.
Published online June 30, 2015

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2015.53.3.349

Abstract

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Anisakis simplex sensu stricto (s.s.), Anisakis pegreffii, Anisakis berlandi (=A. simplex sp. C), and Anisakis typica are the 4 major species of Anisakis type I larvae. In the Republic of Korea (Korea), A. pegreffii, A. berlandi, and A. typica larvae in fish hosts has seldom been documented. In this study, molecular analysis was performed on Anisakis larvae from the sea eels (Astroconger myriaster), the major source of human anisakiasis in Korea, collected from Tongyeong City, a southern coastal area of Korea. All 20 sea eels examined were infected with Anisakis type I larvae (160 larvae; 8 per fish). Their species were analyzed using PCR-RFLP patterns and nucleotide sequences of internal transcribed spacers (ITS1, 5.8 subunit gene, and ITS2) and mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase 2 (cox2). Most (86.8%; 112/129) of the Anisakis type I larvae were A. pegreffii, and 7.8% (10/129) were A. typica. The remaining 5.4% (7/129) was not identified. Thus, A. pegreffii is the major species of anisakid larvae in sea eels of the southern coast of Korea.

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Taehee Chang, Bong-Kwang Jung, Sooji Hong, Hyejoo Shin, Jeonggyu Lee, Laddawan Patarwut, Jong-Yil Chai
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Original Article

Toxoplasma gondii B1 Gene Detection in Feces of Stray Cats around Seoul, Korea and Genotype Analysis of Two Laboratory-Passaged Isolates

Bong-Kwang Jung, Sang-Eun Lee, Hyemi Lim, Jaeeun Cho, Deok-Gyu Kim, Hyemi Song, Min-Jae Kim, Eun-Hee Shin, Jong-Yil Chai

Korean J Parasitol 2015;53(3):259-263.
Published online June 30, 2015

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2015.53.3.259

Abstract

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The increasing prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in the human population in the Republic of Korea (= Korea) is due to various reasons such as an increase in meat consumption. However, the importance of cats in transmitting T. gondii infection through oocysts to humans has seldom been assessed. A total of 300 fecal samples of stray cats captured around Seoul from June to August 2013 were examined for T. gondii B1 gene (indicating the presence of oocysts) using nested-PCR. Fourteen (4.7%) of 300 cats examined were positive for B1 gene. Female cats (7.5%) showed a higher prevalence than male cats (1.4%). Cats younger than 3 months (5.5%) showed a higher prevalence than cats (1.5%) older than 3 months. For laboratory passage of the positive samples, the fecal suspension (0.2 ml) of B1 gene positive cats was orally inoculated into experimental mice. Brain tissues of the mice were obtained after 40 days and examined for the presence of tissue cysts. Two isolates were successfully passaged (designated KNIH-1 and KNIH-2) and were molecularly analyzed using the SAG5D and SAG5E gene sequences. The SAG5D and SAG5E gene sequences showed high homologies with the ME49 strain (less virulent strain). The results indicated the importance of stray cats in transmitting T. gondii to humans in Korea, as revealed by detection of B1 gene in fecal samples. T. gondii isolates from cats were successfully passaged in the laboratory for the first time in Korea.

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Mohammed Nasiru Wana, Mohamad Aris Mohd Moklas, Malaika Watanabe, Ngah Zasmy Unyah, Sharif Alhassan Abdullahi, Ashraf Ahmad Issa Alapid, Norshariza Nordin, Rusliza Basir, Roslaini Abd Majid
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Brief Communication

Intestinal Nematodes from Small Mammals Captured near the Demilitarized Zone, Gyeonggi Province, Republic of Korea

Deok-Gyu Kim, Jae-Hwan Park, Jae-Lip Kim, Bong-Kwang Jung, Sarah Jiyoun Jeon, Hyemi Lim, Mi Youn Lee, Eun-Hee Shin, Terry A. Klein, Heung-Chul Kim, Sung-Tae Chong, Jin-Won Song, Luck-Ju Baek, Jong-Yil Chai

Korean J Parasitol 2015;53(1):135-139.
Published online February 27, 2015

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2015.53.1.135

Abstract

PDF

A total of 1,708 small mammals (1,617 rodents and 91 soricomorphs), including Apodemus agrarius (n = 1,400), Microtus fortis (167), Crocidura lasiura (91), Mus musculus (32), Myodes (= Eothenomys) regulus (9), Micromys minutus (6), and Tscherskia (= Cricetulus) triton (3), were live-trapped at US/Republic of Korea (ROK) military training sites near the demilitarized zone (DMZ) of Paju, Pocheon, and Yeoncheon, Gyeonggi Province from December 2004 to December 2009. Small mammals were examined for their intestinal nematodes by necropsy. A total of 1,617 rodents (100%) and 91 (100%) soricomorphs were infected with at least 1 nematode species, including Nippostrongylus brasiliensis, Heligmosomoides polygyrus, Syphacia obvelata, Heterakis spumosa, Protospirura muris, Capillaria spp., Trichuris muris, Rictularia affinis, and an unidentified species. N. brasiliensis was the most common species infecting small mammals (1,060; 62.1%) followed by H. polygyrus (617; 36.1%), S. obvelata (370; 21.7%), H. spumosa (314; 18.4%), P. muris (123; 7.2%), and Capillaria spp. (59; 3.5%). Low infection rates (0.1-0.8%) were observed for T. muris, R. affinis, and an unidentified species. The number of recovered worms was highest for N. brasiliensis (21,623 worms; mean 20.4 worms/infected specimen) followed by S. obvelata (9,235; 25.0 worms), H. polygyrus (4,122; 6.7 worms), and H. spumosa (1,160; 3.7 worms). A. agrarius demonstrated the highest prevalence for N. brasiliensis (70.9%), followed by M. minutus (50.0%), T. triton (33.3%), M. fortis (28.1%), M. musculus (15.6%), C. lasiura (13.2%), and M. regulus (0%). This is the first report of nematode infections in small mammals captured near the DMZ in ROK.

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Seroprevalence of Toxoplasmosis Detected by RDT in Residents near the DMZ (demilitarized zone) of Cheorwon-gun, Gangwon-do, Korea
Yeong Hoon Kim, Jihoo Lee, Young-Eun Kim, Seongkyu Ahn, Tong-Soo Kim, Sung-Jong Hong, Chom-Kyu Chong, Hye-Jin Ahn, Ho-Woo Nam
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2017; 55(4): 385.     CrossRef

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Case Report

An Imported Case of Severe Falciparum Malaria with Prolonged Hemolytic Anemia Clinically Mimicking a Coinfection with Babesiosis

Young Ju Na, Jong-Yil Chai, Bong-Kwang Jung, Hyun Jung Lee, Ji Young Song, Ji Hye Je, Ji Hye Seo, Sung Hun Park, Ji Seon Choi, Min Ja Kim

Korean J Parasitol 2014;52(6):667-672.
Published online December 23, 2014

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2014.52.6.667

Abstract

PDF

While imported falciparum malaria has been increasingly reported in recent years in Korea, clinicians have difficulties in making a clinical diagnosis as well as in having accessibility to effective anti-malarial agents. Here we describe an unusual case of imported falciparum malaria with severe hemolytic anemia lasting over 2 weeks, clinically mimicking a coinfection with babesiosis. A 48-year old Korean man was diagnosed with severe falciparum malaria in France after traveling to the Republic of Benin, West Africa. He received a 1-day course of intravenous artesunate and a 7-day course of Malarone (atovaquone/proguanil) with supportive hemodialysis. Coming back to Korea 5 days after discharge, he was readmitted due to recurrent fever, and further treated with Malarone for 3 days. Both the peripheral blood smears and PCR test were positive for Plasmodium falciparum. However, he had prolonged severe hemolytic anemia (Hb 5.6 g/dl). Therefore, 10 days after the hospitalization, Babesia was considered to be potentially coinfected. A 7-day course of Malarone and azithromycin was empirically started. He became afebrile within 3 days of this babesiosis treatment, and hemolytic anemia profiles began to improve at the completion of the treatment. He has remained stable since his discharge. Unexpectedly, the PCR assays failed to detect DNA of Babesia spp. from blood. In addition, during the retrospective review of the case, the artesunate-induced delayed hemolytic anemia was considered as an alternative cause of the unexplained hemolytic anemia.

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Jong-Yil Chai
Journal of the Korean Medical Association.2025; 68(1): 52.     CrossRef
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Hyun Jung Kim, BoGyeong Han, Hee-Il Lee, Jung-Won Ju, Hyun-Il Shin
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Hyun Jung Kim, Min Jae Kim, Hyun-Il Shin, Jung-Won Ju, Hee-Il Lee
Parasites, Hosts and Diseases.2023; 61(1): 72.     CrossRef
Babesia microti alleviates disease manifestations caused by Plasmodium berghei ANKA in murine co-infection model of complicated malaria
Iqra Zafar, Tomoyo Taniguchi, Hanadi B. Baghdadi, Daisuke Kondoh, Mohamed Abdo Rizk, Eloiza May Galon, Shengwei Ji, Shimaa Abd El-Salam El-Sayed, Thom Do, Hang Li, Moaz M. Amer, Ma Zhuowei, Ma Yihong, Jinlin Zhou, Noboru Inoue, Xuenan Xuan
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
A conserved protein of Babesia microti elicits partial protection against Babesia and Plasmodium infection
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Parasites & Vectors.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
Babesia microti Confers Macrophage-Based Cross-Protective Immunity Against Murine Malaria
Artemis Efstratiou, Eloiza May S. Galon, Guanbo Wang, Kousuke Umeda, Daisuke Kondoh, Mohamad Alaa Terkawi, Aiko Kume, Mingming Liu, Aaron Edmond Ringo, Huanping Guo, Yang Gao, Seung-Hun Lee, Jixu Li, Paul Franck Adjou Moumouni, Yoshifumi Nishikawa, Hirosh
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
Two Imported Cases of Babesiosis with Complication or Co-Infection with Lyme Disease in Republic of Korea
Hea Yoon Kwon, Jae Hyoung Im, Yun-Kyu Park, Areum Durey, Jin-Soo Lee, Ji Hyeon Baek
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2018; 56(6): 609.     CrossRef
Delayed Diagnosis of Falciparum Malaria with Acute Kidney Injury
Iee Ho Choi, Pyoung Han Hwang, Sam Im Choi, Dae-Yeol Lee, Min Sun Kim
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2016; 31(9): 1499.     CrossRef
Malaria endemicity and co-infection with tissue-dwelling parasites in Sub-Saharan Africa: a review
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Artesunate

Reactions Weekly.2015; 1574(1): 36.     CrossRef

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Original Articles

Prevalence of Intestinal Helminths among Inhabitants of Cambodia (2006-2011)

Tai-Soon Yong, Jong-Yil Chai, Woon-Mok Sohn, Keeseon S. Eom, Hoo-Gn Jeoung, Eui-Hyug Hoang, Cheong-Ha Yoon, Bong-Kwang Jung, Soon-Hyung Lee, Muth Sinuon, Duong Socheat

Korean J Parasitol 2014;52(6):661-666.
Published online December 23, 2014

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2014.52.6.661

Abstract

PDF

In order to investigate the status of intestinal helminthic infections in Cambodia, epidemiological surveys were carried out on a national scale, including 19 provinces. A total of 32,201 fecal samples were collected from schoolchildren and adults between 2006 and 2011 and examined once by the Kato-Katz thick smear technique. The overall egg positive rate of intestinal helminths was 26.2%. The prevalence of hookworms was the highest (9.6%), followed by that of Opisthorchis viverrini/minute intestinal flukes (Ov/MIF) (5.7%), Ascaris lumbricoides (4.6%), and Trichuris trichiura (4.1%). Other types of parasites detected were Enterobius vermicularis (1.1%), Taenia spp. (0.4%), and Hymenolepis spp. (0.2%). The northwestern regions such as the Siem Reap, Oddar Meanchey, and Banteay Meanchey Provinces showed higher prevalences (17.4-22.3%) of hookworms than the other localities. The southwestern areas, including Koh Kong and Preah Sihanouk Provinces showed higher prevalences of A. lumbricoides (17.5-19.2%) and T. trichiura (6.1-21.0%). Meanwhile, the central and southern areas, in particular, Takeo and Kampong Cham Provinces, showed high prevalences of Ov/MIF (23.8-24.0%). The results indicate that a considerably high prevalence of intestinal helminths has been revealed in Cambodia, and thus sustained national parasite control projects are necessary to reduce morbidity due to parasitic infections in Cambodia.

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An Integrated Coproscopic and Molecular Method Provides Insights into the Epidemiology of Zoonotic Intestinal Helminths of Dogs across Cambodia
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Transboundary and Emerging Diseases.2023; 2023: 1.     CrossRef
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PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases.2023; 17(3): e0011073.     CrossRef
High endemicity of Opisthorchis viverrini infection among people in northern Cambodia confirmed by adult worm expulsion
Bong-Kwang Jung, Sooji Hong, Taehee Chang, Jaeeun Cho, Seungwan Ryoo, Keon Hoon Lee, Jeonggyu Lee, Woon-Mok Sohn, Sung-Jong Hong, Virak Khieu, Rekol Huy, Jong-Yil Chai
Scientific Reports.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
General overview of the current status of human foodborne trematodiasis
Jong-Yil Chai, Bong-Kwang Jung
Parasitology.2022; 149(10): 1262.     CrossRef
Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Human Intestinal Helminths Parasitic Infections in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
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Ting-Ting Zhao, Yi-Jing Feng, Pham Ngoc Doanh, Somphou Sayasone, Virak Khieu, Choosak Nithikathkul, Men-Bao Qian, Yuan-Tao Hao, Ying-Si Lai
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Acta Tropica.2021; 224: 106133.     CrossRef
Prevalence and Intensity of Opisthorchis viverrini Metacercarial Infection in Fish from Phnom Penh, Takeo, and Kandal Provinces, Cambodia
Woon-Mok Sohn, Seung-Ho Choi, Bong-Kwang Jung, Sooji Hong, Seungwan Ryoo, Taehee Chang, Keon Hoon Lee, Byoung-Kuk Na, Sung-Jong Hong, Virak Khieu, Jong-Yil Chai
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2021; 59(5): 531.     CrossRef
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Ramon M. Eichenberger, Lian F. Thomas, Sarah Gabriël, Branco Bobić, Brecht Devleesschauwer, Lucy J. Robertson, Anastasios Saratsis, Paul R. Torgerson, Uffe C. Braae, Veronique Dermauw, Pierre Dorny
Parasites & Vectors.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
Morphological and Molecular Diagnosis of Necator americanus and Ancylostoma ceylanicum Recovered from Villagers in Northern Cambodia
Taehee Chang, Bong-Kwang Jung, Woon-Mok Sohn, Sooji Hong, Hyejoo Shin, Seungwan Ryoo, Jeonggyu Lee, Keon Hoon Lee, Virak Khieu, Rekol Huy, Jong-Yil Chai
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2020; 58(6): 619.     CrossRef
Low-Grade Endemicity of Opisthorchiasis, Yangon, Myanmar
Woon-Mok Sohn, Bong-Kwang Jung, Sung-Jong Hong, Keon-Hoon Lee, Jong-Bok Park, Hyun-Seung Kim, Seon Cho, Thi Thi Htoon, Htay Htay Tin, Jong-Yil Chai
Emerging Infectious Diseases.2019; 25(7): 1435.     CrossRef
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Kyly C Whitfield, Hou Kroeun, Tim Green, Frank T Wieringa, Mam Borath, Prak Sophonneary, Jeffrey R Measelle, Dare Baldwin, Lisa N Yelland, Shalem Leemaqz, Kathleen Chan, Jelisa Gallant
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Rutchanee Rodpai, Issarapong Phosuk, Penchom Janwan, Tongjit Thanchomnang, Pewpan M. Intapan, Sakhone Laymanivong, Win Pa Pa Aung, Witthaya Anamnart, Oranuch Sanpool, Adulsak Wijit, Wanchai Maleewong, Lakkhana Sadaow
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Parasites & Vectors.2018;[Epub]     CrossRef
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Pisit Suntaravitun, Amornrat Dokmaikaw
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Acta Tropica.2018; 185: 149.     CrossRef
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Win Pa Pa Aung, Thi Thi Htoon, Htay Htay Tin, Kyi Kyi Thinn, Oranuch Sanpool, Jurairat Jongthawin, Lakkhana Sadaow, Issarapong Phosuk, Rutchanee Rodpai, Pewpan M. Intapan, Wanchai Maleewong, Petr Heneberg
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Prominent IL-12 Production and Tumor Reduction in Athymic Nude Mice after Toxoplasma gondii Lysate Antigen Treatment

Kyoung-Ho Pyo, Bong-Kwang Jung, Chun-Feng Xin, You-Won Lee, Jong-Yil Chai, Eun-Hee Shin

Korean J Parasitol 2014;52(6):605-612.
Published online December 23, 2014

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2014.52.6.605

Abstract

PDF

Toxoplasma gondii is an intracellular protozoan parasite that causes a Th1 cellular immunity. Our previous study showed that T. gondii lysate antigen (TLA) treatment in S180 tumor-bearing mice resulted in tumor reduction by suppressing CD31 expression, a marker of angiogenesis. In the present study, to investigate tumor suppressive effect of TLA under the absence of T lymphocytes, athymic nude mice were compared with euthymic mice in the anti-tumorigenic effect triggered by TLA in CT26 tumors. According to the results, intratumorally injected TLA reduced tumor growth and TIMP-1 level, a metastatic marker, in both euthymic and athymic mice. TLA treatment led to a sharp increase in IL-12 expression in serum cytokine profiling of athymic mice, and increased MyD88 signals in macrophages derived from the bone marrow, implying the activation of innate immunity. The selective induction of IL-12 by TLA treatment had an anti-tumorigenic effect.

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Pooja Jain, Sradhanjali Mohapatra, Uzma Farooq, Nazia Hassan, Mohd. Aamir Mirza, Zeenat Iqbal
Current Cancer Drug Targets.2025; 25(1): 38.     CrossRef
Bug as a drug: Unveiling anti-cancer properties of Toxoplasma gondii and its therapeutic prospects in cancer immunotherapy
Yie Wei Chua, Sek Chuen Chow
Acta Tropica.2025; 267: 107684.     CrossRef
From pathogen to cure: exploring the antitumor potential of Toxoplasma gondii
Parisa Alipanahi, Arezou Khosrojerdi, Abdol Satar Pagheh, Kareem Hatam-Nahavandi, Ehsan Ahmadpour
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Maha M. Eissa, Marwa H. El-Faham, Nahla El Skhawy
Infectious Agents and Cancer.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
Evaluation of Antitumor Effects of Toxoplasma gondii Different Antigens on Ehrlich Solid Carcinoma in Mice
Salwa S. Younis, Basma M. Elmansory, Hend A. Elrefaey, Nahla A. Nasef, Sara H. Elakshar, Radwa A. Awad, Ghada A. Gamea
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Zhi Zheng, Xiao Lu, Dong Zhou, Xu-feng Deng, Quan-xing Liu, Xiao-bing Liu, Jiao Zhang, Yan-qi Li, Hong Zheng, Ji-gang Dai
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Yujun Xie, Jinyan Wang, Yafei Wang, Yalin Wen, Yanping Pu, Benfan Wang
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Maha M. Eissa, Ahmed Ebada Salem, Nahla El Skhawy
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Ragab M. Fereig, Mosaab A. Omar, Abdullah F. Alsayeqh
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Seung-Hwan Seo, Sang-Gyun Kim, Ji-Hun Shin, Do-Won Ham, Eun-Hee Shin
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2020; 21(18): 6642.     CrossRef
Increase in the nuclear localization of PTEN by the Toxoplasma GRA16 protein and subsequent induction of p53‐dependent apoptosis and anticancer effect
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Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine.2019; 23(5): 3234.     CrossRef
Characteristics of Infection Immunity Regulated by Toxoplasma gondii to Maintain Chronic Infection in the Brain
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Journal of Immunology Research.2018; 2018: 1.     CrossRef
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Vanessa Estato, Joice Stipursky, Fabiana Gomes, Tally C. Mergener, Edwards Frazão-Teixeira, Silvana Allodi, Eduardo Tibiriçá, Helene S. Barbosa, Daniel Adesse
The American Journal of Pathology.2018; 188(11): 2674.     CrossRef
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