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"Jong-Yil Chai"

Original Article

Catatropis indicus (Digenea: Notocotylidae) from ducks in Indonesia with a brief review of the genus Catatropis
Jong-Yil Chai, Bong-Kwang Jung, Taehee Chang, Sooji Hong, Hyejoo Shin, Marzuki Bin Muhammad Abdullah
Parasites Hosts Dis 2025;63(4):303-316.
Published online November 19, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/PHD.25045
Adult notocotylid flukes (Digenea: Notocotylidae) were recovered from the ceca of Pitalah ducks (Anas sp.) in Aceh Province, Indonesia. These flukes were morphologically characterized by a median ventral ridge with 2 lateral rows of ventral papillae and the absence of both a ventral sucker and pharynx, consistent with the characteristics of the genus Catatropis. They exhibited a genital pore located just posterior to the oral sucker, 10–11 pairs of ventral papillae, a deep and multi-lobed ovary and testes, a metraterm equal in length to the cirrus sac, and ceca bearing numerous diverticula; accordingly, they were identified as Catatropis indicus Srivastava, 1935. Adult specimens measured 3.01–3.77 mm (average 3.47 mm) in length and 0.98–1.21 mm (average 1.11 mm) in width (n=8). Uterine eggs measured 0.016–0.023 mm (average 0.019 mm) in length and 0.008–0.014 mm (average 0.012 mm) in width (n=20), each bearing 2 long polar filaments. These specimens resembled Catatropis vietnamensis Izrailskaia et al., 2019, and Catatropis pakistanensis Schuster and Wibbelt, 2012, sharing features such as a genital pore immediately posterior to the oral sucker and other morphological traits. However, they differed from C. vietnamensis by having a larger body, ceca with numerous diverticula, and a broader anterior distribution of vitelline follicles. They also differed from C. pakistanensis in possessing a longer esophagus and ceca with multiple diverticula. In 28S rDNA sequence analysis, our specimens showed 99.1% identity with both C. indicus and C. vietnamensis. In contrast, internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) sequence comparisons revealed only 96.0%–96.1% identity with C. vietnamensis (no GenBank data available for C. indicus), suggesting that our specimens are phylogenetically distant from C. vietnamensis. This represents the first report of C. indicus from ducks in Indonesia. A brief review of Catatropis species is provided.
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Brief Communications

Identification of an Opisthorchis viverrini-like liver fluke from Myanmar: Metacercariae recovered from snakehead fish and adults from an experimentally infected hamster
Woon-Mok Sohn, Bong-Kwang Jung, Keon-Hoon Lee, Sung-Jong Hong, Seung-Hwan Seo, Thi Thi Htoon, Htay Htay Tin, Eun-Hee Shin, Jong-Yil Chai
Parasites Hosts Dis 2025;63(2):174-181.
Published online May 26, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/PHD.24063
A novel fluke species, morphologically resembling Opisthorchis viverrini, was discovered in the Yangon Region, Myanmar. Metacercariae were found in the muscle tissue of 2 snakehead fish species, Mi and Channa striata. The metacercariae were elliptical (average 165×122 μm, n=10), having 2 suckers and a large excretory bladder. Experimental infection of a hamster resulted in the recovery of adult flukes from the bile ducts at day 50 post-infection. Adult flukes were lanceolate, with dimensions of 3.8–6.0 (average 5.1) mm by 1.1–1.2 (1.2) mm (n=10). Morphological characteristics included an oral sucker slightly smaller than the ventral sucker, a long uterus not extending anterior to the ventral sucker, vitelline follicles reaching the anterior ovary level, and 2 deeply lobed testes (4 lobes anteriorly, 5 posteriorly). Eggs were ovoid to elliptical, measuring 26.3–27.5 (26.9) μm in length and 13.8–15.0 (14.6) μm in width (n=10). Despite the close morphological resemblance to O. viverrini, our specimens displayed significant differences, including a more spiraled seminal vesicle, a longer uterus occupying 50%–60% of the body length, a less distinct grouping of vitelline follicles (forming 7–8 groups on each side in O. viverrini), vitelline follicles restricted to the ovary level (beyond the posterior end of the ovary or at anterior testis level in O. viverrini), and smaller metacercariae. We tentatively categorize our specimens as an O. viverrini-like liver fluke potentially parasitizing mammals or birds, highlighting the need for further research. Rigorous molecular analyses and identification of natural definitive hosts are essential to clarify the taxonomic status of this novel parasite.

Citations

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  • Toward resolving cryptic diversity in opisthorchiid flukes: Molecular clarification of an Opisthorchis viverrini-like parasite in Myanmar is urgently needed
    Schawanya Kaewpitoon Rattanapitoon, Chutharat Thanchonnang, Nathkapach Kaewpitoon Rattanapitoon
    Parasites, Hosts and Diseases.2025; 63(3): 284.     CrossRef
  • 2,058 View
  • 83 Download
  • 1 Web of Science
  • Crossref
Prevalence of parasitic infections in stray cats from Gimpo-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
Sooji Hong, Hyejoo Shin, Seungwan Ryoo, Chung-Won Lee, Jae-Young Park, Jong-Yil Chai, Bong-Kwang Jung
Parasites Hosts Dis 2025;63(2):182-187.
Published online May 26, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/PHD.24061
Stray cats serve as reservoir hosts for various zoonotic parasites, posing a significant risk of transmission to humans. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of parasitic infections in stray cats from Gimpo-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea. A total of 101 fecal and 237 blood (serum) samples were collected from 237 stray cats captured through the trapneuter-return program in 2021. The samples were analyzed using microscopy, nested-PCR, and ELISA to detect parasitic infections. Fecal examination revealed that Toxocara cati eggs were present in 26.7% (27/101) of samples, while eggs of Spirometra sp. (2%), Clonorchis sinensis (1%), and Trichuris sp. (1%) were also detected. PCR analysis identified Toxoplasma gondii DNA in 17 (16.8%) fecal samples, while genetic markers of Cryptosporidium felis and Enterocytozoon bieneusi were each detected in 4 (4%) samples. Positive rates of IgM and IgG were 21.9% (52/237) and 21.1% (50/237) in serological tests for T. gondii-specific antibodies. This study confirms the widespread presence of zoonotic parasites in stray cats from Gimpo-si, highlighting the potential public health risks associated with these infections. Continuous surveillance and control measures are essential from a One Health perspective to reduce the risk of zoonotic transmission.

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  • Molecular detection of Toxoplasma gondii in wild oysters and seawater on the southeast coast of South Korea
    Hyejoo Shin, Sooji Hong, Seungwan Ryoo, Jong-Yil Chai, Bong-Kwang Jung
    Food Microbiology.2026; 134: 104925.     CrossRef
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  • Crossref
Development of the head collar and collar spines during the larval stages of Isthmiophora hortensis (Digenea: Echinostomatidae)
Woon-Mok Sohn, Won-Jae Jung, Eun-Hee Shin, Jong-Yil Chai
Parasites Hosts Dis 2024;62(1):145-150.
Published online February 23, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/PHD.23122
It is uncertain when the head collar and collar spines of Isthmiophora hortensis (Digenea: Echinostomatidae), a zoonotic echinostome species in Far Eastern Asia, develop during its larval stages. In this study, the appearance of the head collar and collar spines was studied using light and scanning electron microscopy in cercariae and metacercariae experimentally obtained from freshwater snails (Lymnaea pervia) and tadpoles (Rana nigromaculata), respectively. The cercariae were shed from the snail on day 30 after exposure to laboratory-hatched miracidia. Metacercariae were obtained from the experimental tadpoles at 3, 6, 12, 15, 20, 24, 26, and 30 h after exposure to the cercariae. The head collar was already visible in the cercarial stage, although its degree of development was weak. However, collar spines did not appear in the cercarial stage and even in the early metacercarial stage less than 24 h postinfection in tadpoles. Collar spines became visible in the metacercariae when they grew older than 24 h. It was concluded that the head collar of I. hortensis developed early in the cercarial stage, but the development of collar spines did not occur until the worms became 24-h-old metacercariae in our experimental setting. Counting the number of collar spines was concluded as an unfeasible diagnostic method for I. hortensis cercariae when they are shed from the snail host.
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  • 1 Web of Science

Original Article

Morphological and molecular characteristics of Paralecithodendrium longiforme (Digenea: Lecithodendriidae) adults and cercariae from Chinese pipistrelle bats and viviparid snails in Thailand
Thitichai Arttra, Pheravut Wongsawad, Chalobol Wongsawad, Nattawadee Nantarat, Preeyaporn Butboonchoo, Jong-Yil Chai
Parasites Hosts Dis 2024;62(1):85-97.
Published online February 23, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/PHD.23106
This study aimed to describe the morphological and molecular characteristics of Paralecithodendrium longiforme (Digenea: Lecithodendriidae) adults and cercariae isolated in Thailand. Adult flukes were isolated from the Chinese pipistrelle bat (Hypsugo sp.), and cercariae were detected in the viviparid snail (Filopaludina martensi martensi) from Chiang Mai province. The morphological characteristics were observed and described using conventional methods, and the molecular characteristics with internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) and 28S rDNA gene sequences. The adult flukes were fusiform, 0.84–0.98 mm in length, and 0.37–0.49 mm in width, and were distinguishable from other species by the presence of longitudinal uterine coils. The cercariae were nonvirgulate xiphidiocercariae, with the oral sucker bigger than the acetabulum, the tail without fin fold, a body size of 117.5–138.3 × 48.3–52.2 µm, and a tail size of 100.7–103.7 × 15.0–18.9 µm. Molecular studies revealed that the adults and cercariae shared 99.3% (ITS2) and 99.6% (28S rDNA) homology with each other. They were phylogenetically close to P. longiforme with an identity of 94.5% for ITS2 and 98.7% for 28S rDNA. This study provides new information on the natural definitive host and first intermediate host of P. longiforme in Thailand. The discovery of its cercarial stage in Filopaludina snails highlights the importance of monitoring the associated second intermediate host and prevention and control of this potentially zoonotic trematode.

Citations

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  • Bithyniid snails (Gastropoda: Bithyniidae) infected with Xiphidiocercariae in Thailand include a new record of Bithynia siamensis siamensis as the intermediate host of Plagiorchis and Paralecithodendrium
    Abdulhakam Dumidae, Jiranun Ardpairin, Supawan Pansri, Chanatinat Homkaew, Mayura Nichitcharoen, Aunchalee Thanwisai, Apichat Vitta, Hudson Alves Pinto
    PLOS ONE.2025; 20(2): e0317052.     CrossRef
  • 4,316 View
  • 107 Download
  • 1 Web of Science
  • Crossref

Review

Paleoparasitology research on ancient helminth eggs and larvae in the Republic of Korea
Jong-Yil Chai, Min Seo, Dong Hoon Shin
Parasites Hosts Dis 2023;61(4):345-387.
Published online November 28, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/PHD.23085
Paleoparasitology is a discipline that applies existing conventional and molecular techniques to study parasites found in ancient ruins. This review focuses on the history of the discovery of parasites (mostly helminth eggs and larvae) in archaeological soil samples and mummies in Korea from the Three Kingdoms Period to the Joseon Dynasty (100 BCE-1910 CE). We also briefly review important milestones in global paleoparasitology. The helminth species reported so far in Korea included Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, Strongyloides stercoralis (larva), Trichostrongylus sp. (larva), Paracapillaria philippinensis (syn. Capillaria philippinensis), Enterobius vermicularis, Fasciola hepatica, dicrocoeliids, Paragonimus westermani, Clonorchis sinensis, Metagonimus yokogawai, Pygidiopsis summa, Gymnophalloides seoi, Isthmiophora hortensis, Dibothriocephalus nihonkaiensis (syn. Diphyllobothrium nihonkaiense), and Taenia spp. tapeworms. The findings obtained by Korean paleoparasitologists/archaeologists have brought about deep insight into the status of helminthic infections in Korea’s past populations. Continued paleoparasitological research is essential for further understanding of ancient parasites and parasitic diseases in Korea.

Citations

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  • Imported parasitic diseases in the Republic of Korea: status and issues
    Jong-Yil Chai
    Journal of the Korean Medical Association.2025; 68(1): 52.     CrossRef
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  • 224 Download
  • 1 Web of Science
  • Crossref

Brief Communication

Standard- and large-sized eggs of Trichuris trichiura in the feces of schoolchildren in the Yangon Region, Myanmar: Morphological and molecular analyses
Seungwan Ryoo, Bong-Kwang Jung, Sooji Hong, Hyejoo Shin, Hyemi Song, Hyun-Seung Kim, Jin-Youp Ryu, Woon-Mok Sohn, Sung-Jong Hong, Thi Thi Htoon, Htay Htay Tin, Jong-Yil Chai
Parasites Hosts Dis 2023;61(3):317-324.
Published online August 21, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/PHD.23059
Standard- and large-sized eggs of Trichuris trichiura were found in the feces of schoolchildren in Yangon, Myanmar during epidemiological surveys and mass deworming with albendazole in 2017-2019. The standard-sized eggs were identified as those of T. trichiura, but it was necessary to exclude the possibility of the large-sized eggs belonging to Trichuris vulpis, a dog whipworm. We conducted morphological and molecular studies to determine the species of the 2 types of Trichuris eggs. Individual eggs of both sizes were isolated from Kato-Katz fecal smears (n=20) and mechanically destroyed using a 23G injection needle. Nuclear DNA was extracted, and the 18S rRNA region was sequenced in 15 standard-sized eggs and 15 large-sized eggs. The average size of standard-sized eggs (T. trichiura) was 55.2×26.1 μm (range: 51.7-57.6×21.3-28.0 μm; n=97), whereas the size of large-sized eggs was 69.3×32.0 μm (range: 65.1-76.4×30.1-34.5 μm; n=20), slightly smaller than the known size of T. vulpis. Regarding standard-sized eggs, the 18S rRNA nucleotide sequences exhibited 100% homology with T. trichiura deposited in GenBank and 88.6-90.5% homology with T. vulpis. Regarding large-sized eggs, the nucleotide sequences showed 99.8-100% homology with T. trichiura in GenBank and 89.6-90.7% homology with T. vulpis. Both standard- and large-sized eggs of Trichuris spp. found in Myanmar schoolchildren during 2017-2019 were morphologically and molecularly confirmed to belong to T. trichiura. The conversion of eggs from smaller to large sizes might be due to anthelmintic treatments with albendazole.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  Crossref logo
  • Paleoparasitology research on ancient helminth eggs and larvae in the Republic of Korea
    Jong-Yil Chai, Min Seo, Dong Hoon Shin
    Parasites, Hosts and Diseases.2023; 61(4): 345.     CrossRef
  • 8,931 View
  • 101 Download
  • 2 Web of Science
  • Crossref

Original Articles

Trematode metacercariae and adults in cyprinoid fish from Khun Thale Swamp in Surat Thani province, Thailand
Kanda Kamchoo, Jong-Yil Chai
Parasites Hosts Dis 2023;61(2):163-171.
Published online May 23, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/PHD.23030
The present study aimed to determine the infection status of trematode metacercariae and adults in cyprinoid fish from the Khun Thale Swamp in Surat Thani, Southern Thailand, with epidemiologic and faunistic viewpoints. In 2020, 577 fish in 15 species were collected in the summer (February–April) and rainy (September–November) seasons. Fish were individually examined for trematode metacercariae in the whole body and adults in the gastrointestinal tract using a stereomicroscope. Three species of digenetic trematode metacercariae, i.e., Haplorchis taichui, Haplorchoides mehrai, and Centrocestus formosanus, were detected in the muscle, fin, and/or scale of fish. Two species of adult flukes, including Rohdella siamensis and Helostomatis cyprinorum, were collected in the intestines. The prevalence of overall trematode infections was 32.4% (187/577 fish), which was higher in the rainy season (41.4%; 118/285) than in the summer season (23.6%; 69/292). The metacercariae of H. taichui and H. mehrai were detected in 7 fish species each, and those of C. formosanus were found only in Rasbora toneri. The aspidogastrean trematode R. siamensis (adult) was detected in Babonymus gonionotus. A digenean species, H. cyprinorum (adult), was found in Labiobarbus siamensis and Osteochilus vittatus. The present study has first confirmed that the metacercariae of heterophyid flukes, including H. taichui, H. mehrai, and C. formosanus, and adults of R. siamensis (Aspidogastrea) and H. cyprinorum (Digenea) are infected in some species of the cyprinoid fish from the Khun Thale Swamp in Surat Thani, Thailand.

Citations

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  • Influences of parasitic stress on the health condition of African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus): Biochemical and histopathological alterations
    Hadeer Abd El-hak Rashed, Nahla S. El-Shenawy, Nadia A. El-Fahla
    Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology.2025; 262: 111677.     CrossRef
  • 4,134 View
  • 188 Download
  • 2 Web of Science
  • Crossref
Prevalence of head louse infestation among primary schoolchildren in the Republic of Korea: nationwide observation of trends in 2011-2019
Seungwan Ryoo, Sooji Hong, Taehee Chang, Hyejoo Shin, Jae Young Park, Jeonggyu Lee, Eun-Hee Nah, Eun Hee Lee, Bong-Kwang Jung, Jong-Yil Chai
Parasites Hosts Dis 2023;61(1):53-59.
Published online February 22, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/PHD.22134
Head louse infestation is a significant public health problem across the world, particularly among preschool and primary schoolchildren. This study investigated the trends of head louse infestation in the Republic of Korea over a 9-year period (2011-2019), targeting primary schoolchildren in 3 areas of Seoul, 4 other large cities, and 9 provinces. A survey was administered annually by the health staff of each regional office (n= 16) of the Korea Association of Health Promotion (KAHP). The branch offices of KAHP examined a total of 51,508 primary schoolchildren, comprising 26,532 boys and 24,976 girls. Over the 9-year survey, a total of 1,107 (2.1%) schoolchildren tested positive for adults and/or nits of Pediculus humanus capitis. The prevalence was 2.8% (133/4,727) in 2011-2012 and gradually decreased to 0.8% (49/6,461) in 2019 (P< 0.05). Head lice were found more frequently in girls (3.0%; 746/24,976) than in boys (1.4%; 361/26,532) (P< 0.05). In terms of geographic localities, the highest infestation rate, 4.7% (average prevalence over 9 years), was observed in southern Seoul (Gangnam branch of KAHP), whereas the lowest infestation rate, 0.7%, was seen in Gyeongsang (north and south provinces) and western Seoul. Although the prevalence decreased significantly during the 9-year period, head louse infestation remains a health and hygiene issue among primary schoolchildren in the Republic of Korea. Regular surveys along with health education are needed to further improve children’s hair hygiene.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  Crossref logo
  • Prevalence and Risk Factors of Head Lice Among Schoolchildren in Kirkuk
    Fatema W. Abdul Aziz
    Academia Open.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • A case of co-infection with head lice and varicella in a child: considerations for rational management
    O.V. Shvaratska, V.V. Mavrutenkov, T.V. Svyatenko, O.M. Yakunina
    CHILD`S HEALTH.2024; 19(1): 30.     CrossRef
  • Prevalence and associated factors of head lice infestation among primary school children in low- and middle-income countries: systematic review and meta-analysis
    Amare Mebrat Delie, Mihret Melese, Liknaw Workie Limenh, Dereje Esubalew, Nigus Kassie Worku, Eneyew Talie Fenta, Mickiale Hailu, Alemwork Abie, Molla Getie Mehari, Tenagnework Eseyneh Dagnaw
    BMC Public Health.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Epidemiology of pediculosis in the school-going children of district Hyderabad, Sindh, Pakistan
    Saima Naz, Maria Rebecca, Ahmad Kamran Khan, Irfan Ahmed
    International Journal of Tropical Insect Science.2023; 43(5): 1811.     CrossRef
  • Head lice infestation and the role of some cognitive‐behavioral factors in its spread and prevention among adolescent girls: A cross‐sectional study in Northwest Iran
    Towhid Babazadeh, Khalil Maleki Chollou, Sanaz Abedi‐Nerbin, Salar Abedi‐Nerbin, Farzaneh Shahnavaz‐Yoshanluie, Soheila Ranjbaran
    Health Science Reports.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • 8,176 View
  • 188 Download
  • 3 Web of Science
  • Crossref

Brief Communication

Updates on parasite infection prevalence in the Joseon period based on parasitological studies of human coprolites isolated from archaeological sites in the cities of Euijeongbu, Gumi, and Wonju
Chang Seok Oh, Jong-Yil Chai, Sori Min, Kyong Taek Oh, Jeonghwan Seol, Mi Kyung Song, Dong Hoon Shin, Min Seo
Parasites Hosts Dis 2023;61(1):89-93.
Published online February 22, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/PHD.22129
Parasite infection rates estimated by examining ancient coprolites can provide insights into parasitism in Joseon society. Using newly discovered Joseon period cases is essential to regularly update the parasite infection rates and reinforce the reliability of our previous estimations. In the present study, we investigated parasite infections in Joseon coprolites newly isolated from the cities of Euijeongbu, Gumi, and Wonju. We then updated the overall parasite infection rates of Joseon period samples (n= 30) as follows: 86.7% (26/30) for Trichuris trichiura, 56.7% (17/30) for Ascaris lumbricoides, 30.0% (9/30) for Clonorchis sinensis, and 30.0% (9/30) for Paragonimus westermani. The parasite infection rates in the Joseon society, estimated through coprolite examination, were very similar to those determined previously despite the addition of new cases to the existing data pool.

Citations

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  • A parasitological study on the possible toilet ruins of the Japanese colonial period in Korea
    Jieun Kim, Min Seo, Hisashi Fujita, Jong Yil Chai, Jin Woo Park, Jun Won Jang, In Soo Jang, Dong Hoon Shin
    Parasites, Hosts and Diseases.2023; 61(2): 198.     CrossRef
  • Paleoparasitology research on ancient helminth eggs and larvae in the Republic of Korea
    Jong-Yil Chai, Min Seo, Dong Hoon Shin
    Parasites, Hosts and Diseases.2023; 61(4): 345.     CrossRef
  • 3,705 View
  • 164 Download
  • 2 Web of Science
  • Crossref

Original Article

Failure of Repeated MDA with Albendazole for Trichuriasis Control in Schoolchildren of the Yangon Region, Myanmar
Sooji Hong, Bong-Kwang Jung, Hyemi Song, Jaeeun Cho, Woon-Mok Sohn, Sung-Jong Hong, Jin-Youp Ryu, Hyun-Seung Kim, Mun-Hyoo Jeong, Thi Thi Htoon, Htay Htay Tin, Jong-Yil Chai
Korean J Parasitol 2021;59(6):607-613.
Published online December 22, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2021.59.6.607
Soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections are still a considerable challenge in Myanmar. We undertook a control program for STH infections (especially Trichuris trichiura) among schoolchildren in Myanmar using mass drug administration (MDA) and health education. Around 1,700 schoolchildren from 15 primary schools in 3 suburban districts (Shwe Pyi Thar, Twantay, and Kyauktan) of the Yangon Region were subjected in this study during 2017-2019. All of the schoolchildren in each school were orally administered albendazole (400 mg in a single dose) 2, 3, and 4 times a year in 2017, 2018, and 2019, respectively. The results revealed that the egg positive rate of any intestinal helminths (including STH) was reduced from 37.6% (649/1,724) in 2017 to 22.8% (352/1,542) in 2019. The egg positive rate of Ascaris lumbricoides was decreased remarkably from 23.3% (402/1,724) in 2017 to 3.6% (56/1,542) in 2019. However, that of T. trichiura was only slightly reduced from 26.9% (464/1,724) in 2017 to 20.2% (312/1,542) in 2019. The intensity of infection with A. lumbricoides and T. trichiura was both more or less reduced, and the proportion of light infection cases with A. lumbricoides and T. trichiura increased from 35.6% in 2017 to 64.3% in 2019 and from 70.3% in 2017 to 81.7% in 2019, respectively. The results indicated that repeated MDAs (2-4 times a year for 3 years) using albendazole on schoolchildren in Myanmar failed to control T. trichiura infection. For a successful control of trichuriasis in Myanmar, new MDA strategies, using a modified albendazole regimen (multiple daily doses for 2 or 3 days) or an alternative anthelmintic drug, such as oxantel pamoate, is strongly recommended.

Citations

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  • Assessing soil-transmitted helminths and Schistosoma mansoni infections using parasitological indicators after seven years of preventive chemotherapy among school-age children in Mizan-Aman town
    Mitiku Abera, Tariku Belay, Daniel Emana, Zeleke Mekonnen, Uwem Friday Ekpo
    PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases.2025; 19(5): e0013058.     CrossRef
  • Standard- and large-sized eggs of Trichuris trichiura in the feces of schoolchildren in the Yangon Region, Myanmar: Morphological and molecular analyses
    Seungwan Ryoo, Bong-Kwang Jung, Sooji Hong, Hyejoo Shin, Hyemi Song, Hyun-Seung Kim, Jin-Youp Ryu, Woon-Mok Sohn, Sung-Jong Hong, Thi Thi Htoon, Htay Htay Tin, Jong-Yil Chai
    Parasites, Hosts and Diseases.2023; 61(3): 317.     CrossRef
  • 4,556 View
  • 100 Download
  • 2 Web of Science
  • Crossref

Brief Communications

Prevalence and Intensity of Opisthorchis viverrini Metacercarial Infection in Fish from Phnom Penh, Takeo, and Kandal Provinces, Cambodia
Woon-Mok Sohn, Seung-Ho Choi, Bong-Kwang Jung, Sooji Hong, Seungwan Ryoo, Taehee Chang, Keon Hoon Lee, Byoung-Kuk Na, Sung-Jong Hong, Virak Khieu, Jong-Yil Chai
Korean J Parasitol 2021;59(5):531-536.
Published online October 22, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2021.59.5.531
The prevalence and intensity of Opisthorchis viverrini metacercariae (OvMc) were investigated in fish from 3 southern administrative regions along the Mekong River in Cambodia, i.e., Phnom Penh, Takeo, and Kandal Provinces from 2017 to 2020. A total of 295 freshwater fish (24 species) were transported to our laboratory with ice and examined using the artificial digestion method. In Phnom Penh, among 4 fish species positive for OvMc, 9 (23.7%) of 38 specimens examined were infected, and their intensity of infection averaged 4.3 metacercariae per infected fish. In Takeo Province, among 10 fish species positive for OvMc, 24 (38.1%) out of 63 fish examined were infected, and their intensity of infection was av. 14.4 metacercariae per infected fish. In particular, all of 3 Osteochilus schlegelii fish examined were infected, and their infection intensity was high, 34.7 metacercariae per fish. In Kandal Province, among 6 fish species positive for OvMc, 46 (90.2%) out of 51 specimens examined were infected, and their infection intensity was 24.0 metacercaraie per infected fish. All fish of Systomus orphoides (n=17), Barbonymus altus (n=14), and Rasbora aurotaenia (n=2) were infected, and their intensity of infection averaged 37.7, 21.6, and 18.5 metacercariae per fish, respectively. Metacercariae of Haplochis yokogawai, Haplorchis taichui, and Centrocestus formosanus were detected in fish from Takeo and Kandal Provinces. From these results, it has been confirmed that a variety of fish species from Phnom Penh, Takeo, and Kandal Provinces are commonly infected with OvMc, and preventive measures to avoid human O. viverrini infection should be performed in Cambodia.

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    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2024; 21(12): 1621.     CrossRef
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    Ana Allende, Avelino Alvarez‐Ordóñez, Valeria Bortolaia, Sara Bover‐Cid, Alessandra De Cesare, Wietske Dohmen, Laurent Guillier, Lieve Herman, Liesbeth Jacxsens, Maarten Nauta, Lapo Mughini‐Gras, Jakob Ottoson, Luisa Peixe, Fernando Perez‐Rodriguez, Panag
    EFSA Journal.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
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Detection of Gnathostoma spinigerum Advanced 3rd-Stage Larvae in the Chinese Edible Frog, Hoplobatrachus rugulosus, from Local Markets in Phnom Penh, Cambodia
Woon-Mok Sohn, Bong-Kwang Jung, Sooji Hong, Seungwan Ryoo, Keon Hoon Lee, Virak Khieu, Jong-Yil Chai
Korean J Parasitol 2021;59(5):519-522.
Published online October 22, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2021.59.5.519
The Chinese edible frogs, Hoplobatrachus rugulosus (n=20), and the striped snakehead fish, Channa striata (n=34), were purchased from local markets in 3 administrative regions of Cambodia (Phnom Penh, Pursat, and Takeo Provinces) from May 2017 to April 2019, and their infection status with Gnathostoma sp. larvae was investigated. The frogs and fish were transported to the laboratory with ice and examined using the artificial digestion method. Advanced 3rd-stage larvae (AdL3) of Gnathostoma spinigerum, 24 in total number (1-6 larvae/frog), were detected from 6 (60.0%) out of 10 frogs purchased from Phnom Penh. No gnathostome larvae were detected in 10 frogs purchased from Takeo Province and 34 snakeheads from Phnom Penh, Pursat, and Takeo Provinces. AdL3 isolated from the frogs were 2.55- 3.90 mm long and 0.31-0.36 mm wide. They had a characteristic head bulb (0.081×0.191 mm in average size) with 4 rows of hooklets, a muscular long esophagus (0.950-1.230 mm long), and 2 pairs of cervical sacs (0.530-0.890 mm long). The average number of hooklets in the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th rows was 41, 45, 48, and 51, respectively. These features were consistent with G. spinigerum AdL3. By the present study, it has been first confirmed that the Chinese edible frog, H. rugulosus, from Phnom Penh serves as a second intermediate host for G. spinigerum, although their intensity of infection was not so high compared to other previously reported localities.

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  • A Global Review of the Zoonotic Potential and Disease Risks of Amphibian Parasites in Bullfrog Aquaculture
    Meiqi Weng, Xinhua Liu, Chenxi Zhang, Rui Shu, Andrew Wang, Haotian Zhang, Xingqiang Wang, Huirong Yang, Jinyong Zhang
    Reviews in Aquaculture.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Zoonotic disease risk at traditional food markets
    Frida E. Sparaciari, Cadhla Firth, Erik A. Karlsson, Paul F. Horwood, Suchetana Mukhopadhyay
    Journal of Virology.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Biological Hazards and Indicators Found in Products of Animal Origin in Cambodia from 2000 to 2022: A Systematic Review
    Shwe Phue San, Rortana Chea, Delia Grace, Kristina Roesel, Sothyra Tum, Stephen Young, Tumnoon Charaslertrangsi, Nazanin Zand, Shetty Seetharama Thombathu, Ra Thorng, Leab Kong, Kuok Fidero, Linda Nicolaides
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2024; 21(12): 1621.     CrossRef
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  • 67 Download
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Enterobius vermicularis Infection among Preschool Children: A 12-Year (2008-2019) Survey in Large Cities and Provinces of the Republic of Korea
Hyejoo Shin, Bong-Kwang Jung, Seungwan Ryoo, Sooji Hong, Taehee Chang, Jiyeon Park, Keon Hoon Lee, Jeonggyu Lee, Jae Young Park, Hoo-Gn Jeoung, Jae Hyun Cho, Jong-Yil Chai
Korean J Parasitol 2021;59(4):421-426.
Published online August 18, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2021.59.4.421
A 12-year nationwide survey (2008-2019) was performed to investigate the prevalence of Enterobius vermicularis infection among preschool children in Seoul, 4 large cites (Busan, Incheon, Daegu, and Ulsan), and 9 provinces (grouped into 5 localities) in the Republic of Korea (=Korea). The survey was carried out once a year by 16 regional offices of the Korea Association of Health Promotion. The cello-tape perianal swab method (1 smear per child) was applied to detect eggs of E. vermicularis and other helminths. According to the results, the egg positive rate of E. vermicularis infection in 2008-2009 was 1.8-2.0%, but it decreased gradually to 0.6% in 2019 (P<0.05). The prevalence was significantly higher in boys (0.7-5.0%, mean 1.8%) than in girls (0.5-2.8%, mean 1.3%) (P<0.05). The 2 most southern localities, Jejudo (Province) and Jeolla-do (inclusive of Jeollabuk-do and Jeollanam-do) and a mid-western province, Gyeonggi-do, revealed higher prevalences, whereas Seoul and Gangwon-do showed lower prevalences. The results indicate that a low-grade prevalence of E. vermicularis infection (less than 4%) has been maintained for the recent 12 years among preschool children in Korea. Continuous monitoring of enterobiasis in the child age group is necessary in Korea.

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  • Parasitoses intestinales infantiles
    P. Bourée
    EMC - Traité de médecine AKOS.2025; 28(3): 1.     CrossRef
  • Enterobius vermicularis infection and its risk factors among rural schoolchildren in Zhejiang Province: a cross-sectional study
    Jialie Jin, Wei Ruan, Wenjie Xu, Xuan Zhang, Kegen Yu, Hualiang Chen, Jiaqi Zhang, Jimin Sun, Jianmin Jiang, Xiaoxiao Wang
    Parasitology Research.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Hend Abd El-Halim Mansour, Al- Shaimaa Mohsen Sadek
    Discover Applied Sciences.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Alexander K.C. Leung, Joseph M. Lam, Benjamin Barankin, Alex H.C. Wong, Kin F. Leong, Kam L. Hon
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  • Parasitosis intestinales en niños
    P. Bourée
    EMC - Tratado de Medicina.2025; 29(4): 1.     CrossRef
  • Parassitosi intestinali infantili
    P. Bourée
    EMC - AKOS - Trattato di Medicina.2025; 27(4): 1.     CrossRef
  • 2023년 국내 장내기생충 감염 조사
    명노 이, 정원 주, 선옥 백, 영주 이, 은솔 이, 희일 이
    Public Health Weekly Report.2024; 17(28): 1227.     CrossRef
  • Association Between Anthropometric and Hematological Parameters and the Diagnosis of Intestinal Parasitosis in Low-Income Children
    Bruno Freire, Alessandra Marques Sohn, Ricardo Rojas-Humpire, Salomon Huancahuire-Vega
    Children.2024; 11(12): 1416.     CrossRef
  • Positive rates for Enterobius vermicularis eggs among preschool children in Yeosu-si, Jeollanam-do, Korea (2017-2021)
    Myoung-Ro Lee, Hee-Eun Shin, Seon-Ok Back, Young-Ju Lee, Jung-Won Ju, Chun Soon Park, Hee-Il Lee
    Parasites, Hosts and Diseases.2023; 61(1): 84.     CrossRef
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  • 5 Web of Science
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Case Report

Helminth Eggs Detected in Soil Samples of a Possible Toilet Structure Found at the Capital Area of Ancient Baekje Kingdom of Korea
Chang Seok Oh, Sang-Yuck Shim, Yongjun Kim, Jong Ha Hong, Jong-Yil Chai, Hisashi Fujita, Min Seo, Dong Hoon Shin
Korean J Parasitol 2021;59(4):393-397.
Published online August 18, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2021.59.4.393
Although research conducted in East Asia has uncovered parasite eggs from ancient toilets or cesspits, data accumulated to date needs to be supplemented by more archaeoparasitological studies. We examined a total of 21 soil samples from a toilet-like structure at the Hwajisan site, a Baekje-period royal villa, in present-day Korea. At least 4 species of helminth eggs, i.e., Trichuris trichiura, Ascaris lumbricoides, Clonorchis sinensis, and Trichuris sp. (or Trichuris vulpis) were detected in 3 sediment samples of the structure that was likely a toilet used by Baekje nobles. The eggs of T. trichiura were found in all 3 samples (no. 1, 4, and 5); and A. lumbricoides eggs were detected in 2 samples (no. 4 and 5). C. sinensis and T. vulpis-like eggs were found in no. 5 sample. From the findings of this study, we can suppose that the soil-transmitted helminths were prevalent in ancient Korean people, including the nobles of Baekje Kingdom during the 5th to 7th century.

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  • Clonorchis sinensis and Cholangiocarcinoma
    Eun-Min Kim, Sung-Tae Hong
    Journal of Korean Medical Science.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Problems in Japanese archaeoparasitology: Analysis of paleo-parasitic eggs from Hachinohe Castle
    Hisashi Fujita, Masako Funaba, Shiori O. Fujisawa
    Parasites, Hosts and Diseases.2025; 63(3): 278.     CrossRef
  • Paleoparasitology research on ancient helminth eggs and larvae in the Republic of Korea
    Jong-Yil Chai, Min Seo, Dong Hoon Shin
    Parasites, Hosts and Diseases.2023; 61(4): 345.     CrossRef
  • 4,333 View
  • 104 Download
  • 3 Web of Science
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Original Article

Acanthoparyphium shinanense n. sp. (Digenea: Echinostomatidae) from Experimental Chicks Infected with Metacercariae Encysted in Brackish Water Clams in the Republic of Korea
Seungwan Ryoo, Bong-Kwang Jung, Taehee Chang, Sooji Hong, Hyejoo Shin, Jong-Yil Chai
Korean J Parasitol 2021;59(4):341-353.
Published online August 18, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2021.59.4.341
Acanthoparyphium shinanense n. sp. (Digenea: Echinostomatidae) is described from chicks experimentally infected with the metacercariae encysted in 2 brackish water clam species, Ruditapes philippinarum and Coecella chinensis, in the Republic of Korea. The metacercariae were round to oval, armed with 23 collar spines, and 0.216 (0.203-0.226) mm in diameter. From 5 chicks experimentally infected each with 200 metacercariae, 34 juvenile (5-day-old worms) and 104 adult flukes (7-day-old worms) were harvested from their small intestines, with the average worm recovery rate of 13.8%. The adult flukes were 3.18 (2.89-3.55) mm long and 0.68 (0.61-0.85) mm wide, with an elongated, posteriorly tapering body, and a prominent head collar armed with 23 collar spines arranged in a single uninterrupted row. The posterior testis of A. shinanense was longitudinally elongated, which is similar to Acanthoparyphium spinulosum Johnston, 1917 but unique from the other closely related species, including Acanthoparyphium tyosenense Yamaguti, 1939, Acanthoparyphium kurogamo Yamaguti, 1939, and Acanthoparyphium marilae Yamaguti, 1934. The eggs of A. shinanense were larger than those of A. spinulosum, and the anterior extent of 2 lateral groups of vitellaria was slightly more limited in A. shinanense than in A. spinulosum. Molecular analysis of nuclear and mitochondrial genes revealed low homology with A. spinulosum from USA (96.1% in 5.8S rRNA) and Ukraine (97.9% in 28S rRNA), Acanthoparyphium n. sp. from USA (98.0% in 28S rRNA), and Acanthoparyphium sp. from Australia, Kuwait, and New Zealand. Biological characteristics, including its first intermediate host and natural definitive hosts, as well as its zoonotic capability, should be elucidated.

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  • Supplemental Description of Caballerotrema annulatum (Diesing, 1850) Ostrowski de Núñez and Sattmann, 2002 (Digenea: Caballerotrematidae) from a New Host (Electrophorus Cf. Varii) and Locality (Amazon River, Colombia) with Phylogenetic Analysis and Emende
    Kamila Cajiao-Mora, John H. Brule, Haley R. Dutton, Stephen A. Bullard
    Journal of Parasitology.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
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Mini Review

Albendazole and Mebendazole as Anti-Parasitic and Anti-Cancer Agents: an Update
Jong-Yil Chai, Bong-Kwang Jung, Sung-Jong Hong
Korean J Parasitol 2021;59(3):189-225.
Published online June 21, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2021.59.3.189
The use of albendazole and mebendazole, i.e., benzimidazole broad-spectrum anthelmintics, in treatment of parasitic infections, as well as cancers, is briefly reviewed. These drugs are known to block the microtubule systems of parasites and mammalian cells leading to inhibition of glucose uptake and transport and finally cell death. Eventually they exhibit ovicidal, larvicidal, and vermicidal effects on parasites, and tumoricidal effects on hosts. Albendazole and mebendazole are most frequently prescribed for treatment of intestinal nematode infections (ascariasis, hookworm infections, trichuriasis, strongyloidiasis, and enterobiasis) and can also be used for intestinal tapeworm infections (taeniases and hymenolepiasis). However, these drugs also exhibit considerable therapeutic effects against tissue nematode/cestode infections (visceral, ocular, neural, and cutaneous larva migrans, anisakiasis, trichinosis, hepatic and intestinal capillariasis, angiostrongyliasis, gnathostomiasis, gongylonemiasis, thelaziasis, dracunculiasis, cerebral and subcutaneous cysticercosis, and echinococcosis). Albendazole is also used for treatment of filarial infections (lymphatic filariasis, onchocerciasis, loiasis, mansonellosis, and dirofilariasis) alone or in combination with other drugs, such as ivermectin or diethylcarbamazine. Albendazole was tried even for treatment of trematode (fascioliasis, clonorchiasis, opisthorchiasis, and intestinal fluke infections) and protozoan infections (giardiasis, vaginal trichomoniasis, cryptosporidiosis, and microsporidiosis). These drugs are generally safe with few side effects; however, when they are used for prolonged time (>14-28 days) or even only 1 time, liver toxicity and other side reactions may occur. In hookworms, Trichuris trichiura, possibly Ascaris lumbricoides, Wuchereria bancrofti, and Giardia sp., there are emerging issues of drug resistance. It is of particular note that albendazole and mebendazole have been repositioned as promising anti-cancer drugs. These drugs have been shown to be active in vitro and in vivo (animals) against liver, lung, ovary, prostate, colorectal, breast, head and neck cancers, and melanoma. Two clinical reports for albendazole and 2 case reports for mebendazole have revealed promising effects of these drugs in human patients having variable types of cancers. However, because of the toxicity of albendazole, for example, neutropenia due to myelosuppression, if high doses are used for a prolonged time, mebendazole is currently more popularly used than albendazole in anti-cancer clinical trials.

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Brief Communication

Occurrence of a Hybrid Between Taenia saginata and Taenia asiatica Tapeworms in Cambodia
Taehee Chang, Bong-Kwang Jung, Sooji Hong, Hyejoo Shin, Seungwan Ryoo, Jeonggyu Lee, Keon Hoon Lee, Hansol Park, Keeseon S. Eom, Virak Khieu, Rekol Huy, Woon-Mok Sohn, Jong-Yil Chai
Korean J Parasitol 2021;59(2):179-182.
Published online April 22, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2021.59.2.179
Human infection with Taenia asiatica or a hybrid between Taenia saginata and T. asiatica has not been reported in Cambodia. We detected for the first time a hybrid form between T. saginata and T. asiatica in Preah Vihear Province, Cambodia. An adult tapeworm specimen, i.e., 75 cm long strobila without scolex, was expelled from a 27-year-old man after praziquantel medication and purging. It was morphologically indistinguishable between T. saginata and T. asiatica. Several proglottids were molecularly analyzed to confirm the tapeworm species. The mitochondrial gene encoding cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) and nuclear genes encoding elongation factor-1α (ef1) and ezrin-radixin-moesin (ERM)-like protein (elp) were sequenced, and a single-allele analysis was performed to confirm the haploid genotype. The results revealed that our sample showed a discrepancy between the mitochondrial and 2 nuclear genes. It possessed homozygous sequences typical of T. saginata at cox1 and ef1 loci. However, it was heterozygous at the elp locus, with 1 allele in T. asiatica (elpA) and 1 in T. saginata (elpC), which indicates that it is a hybrid between T. saginata and T. asiatica. The present results confirmed the presence of a hybrid between T. saginata and T. asiatica in Cambodia and strongly suggest the existence of also ‘pure’ T. asiatica in Cambodia.

Citations

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  • Molecular Identification and Appraisal of the Genetic Variation of Taenia saginata in Central Regions of Vietnam
    Giang Tran Thi, Ilenia Azzena, Fabio Scarpa, Piero Cossu, Cong Danh Le, Phuong Anh Ton Nu, Thi Minh Chau Ngo, Daria Sanna, Marco Casu
    Life.2022; 12(1): 70.     CrossRef
  • Case Report: Molecular Diagnosis Revealing an Intestinal Infection of a Hybridized Tapeworm (Taenia saginata and Taenia asiatica) to Human in Yunnan, China
    Kan-Kan Chu, Ye Qiu, Ce-Heng Liao, Zhi You, Zuo-Shun He, Wen Fang, Hong-Ying Li, Peter Daszak, Jun-Jie Hu, Yun-Zhi Zhang, Xing-Yi Ge
    Frontiers in Gastroenterology.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • 5,428 View
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Case Report

Two Helminthic Cases of Human Mummy Remains from Joseon-Period Graves in Korea
Chang Seok Oh, Hyejin Lee, Jieun Kim, Jong Ha Hong, Soon Chul Cha, Jong-Yil Chai, Cheol Min Ha, Ryang-Ji Kang, Do-Seon Lim, Dong Hoon Shin, Min Seo
Korean J Parasitol 2021;59(2):149-152.
Published online April 22, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2021.59.2.149
Our previous research on coprolite specimens from the mummies of Joseon Dynasty (1392-1910 CE) has revealed various species of parasite eggs. Herein, we added 2 new helminthic cases of human remains from Joseon-period graves in the Republic of Korea (Korea). The organic materials precipitated on the hip bones of 2 half-mummied cases (Goryeong and Gwangmyeong cases) were collected, rehydrated, and examined by a microscope. In the sample from Goryeong-gun (gun=County), ova of Trichuris trichiura, Clonorchis sinensis, and Metagonimus spp. were detected, and eggs of T. trichiura and A. lumbricoides were found from the sample of Gwangmyeong-si (si=City). By adding this outcome to the existing data pool, we confirm our previous estimates of Joseon-period parasite infection rates. The overall rates of A. lumbricoides, T. trichiura, and C. sinensis decreased dramatically from Joseon to the modern period. In Goryeong mummy specimen, we also found Metagonimus spp. eggs that has rarely been detected in archaeological samples so far.

Citations

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  • Updates on parasite infection prevalence in the Joseon period based on parasitological studies of human coprolites isolated from archaeological sites in the cities of Euijeongbu, Gumi, and Wonju
    Chang Seok Oh, Jong-Yil Chai, Sori Min, Kyong Taek Oh, Jeonghwan Seol, Mi Kyung Song, Dong Hoon Shin, Min Seo
    Parasites, Hosts and Diseases.2023; 61(1): 89.     CrossRef
  • Paleoparasitology research on ancient helminth eggs and larvae in the Republic of Korea
    Jong-Yil Chai, Min Seo, Dong Hoon Shin
    Parasites, Hosts and Diseases.2023; 61(4): 345.     CrossRef
  • Ancient DNA of Metagonimus yokogawai Recovered from Joseon Period Human Remains Newly Discovered at Goryeong County in South Korea
    Chang Seok Oh, Jong Ha Hong, Jong Yil Chai, Mi Kyung Song, Ho-Jin Jang, Min Seo, Dong Hoon Shin
    Acta Parasitologica.2022; 67(1): 539.     CrossRef
  • Genetic Analysis of Ancient Clonorchis sinensis Eggs Attained from Goryeong Mummy of Joseon Dynasty Period
    Chang Seok Oh, Min Seo, Hye Jin Lee, Myeung Ju Kim, Do-Seon Lim, Dong Hoon Shin
    Journal of Parasitology.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Current status of Clonorchis sinensis and clonorchiasis in Korea: epidemiological perspectives integrating the data from human and intermediate hosts
    Won Gi Yoo, Woon-Mok Sohn, Byoung-Kuk Na
    Parasitology.2022; 149(10): 1296.     CrossRef
  • 5,485 View
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  • 5 Web of Science
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Brief Communication

Parvatrema duboisi (Digenea: Gymnophallidae) Life Cycle Stages in Manila Clams, Ruditapes philippinarum, from Aphae-do (Island), Shinan-gun, Korea
Bong-Kwang Jung, Taehee Chang, Hyejoo Shin, Seungwan Ryoo, Sooji Hong, Jeonggyu Lee, Hyemi Song, Jaeeun Cho, Deok-Gyu Kim, Hojong Jun, Min-Jae Kim, Eun Jeong Won, Eun-Taek Han, Eun-Hee Shin, Jong-Yil Chai
Korean J Parasitol 2021;59(1):83-88.
Published online February 19, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2021.59.1.83
Life cycle stages, including daughter sporocysts, cercariae, and metacercariae, of Parvatrema duboisi (Dollfus, 1923) Bartoli, 1974 (Digenea: Gymnophallidae) have been found in the Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum from Aphaedo (Island), Shinan-gun, Jeollanam-do, Korea. The daughter sporocysts were elongated sac-like and 307-570 (av. 395) μm long and 101-213 (av. 157) μm wide. Most of the daughter sporocysts contained 15-20 furcocercous cercariae each. The cercariae measured 112-146 (av. 134) μm in total length and 35-46 (av. 40) μm in width, with 69-92 (av. 85) μm long body and 39-54 (av. 49) μm long tail. The metacercariae were 210-250 (av. 231) μm in length and 170-195 (av. 185) μm in width, and characterized by having a large oral sucker, genital pore some distance anterior to the ventral sucker, no ventral pit, and 1 compact or slightly lobed vitellarium, strongly suggesting P. duboisi. The metacercariae were experimentally infected to ICR mice, and adults were recovered at day 7 post-infection. The adult flukes were morphologically similar to the metacercariae except in the presence of up to 20 eggs in the uterus. The daughter sporocysts and metacercariae were molecularly (ITS1-5.8S rDNA-ITS2) analyzed to confirm the species, and the results showed 99.8-99.9% identity with P. duboisi reported from Kyushu, Japan and Gochang, Korea. These results confirmed the presence of various life cycle stages of P. duboisi in the Manila clam, R. philippinarum, playing the role of the first as well as the second intermediate host, on Aphae-do (Island), Shinan-gun, Korea.

Citations

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  • Spatial patterns of trematode-induced pits on bivalve skeletons: Challenges and prospects for research on parasite-host dynamics
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  • Pearl formation associated with gymnophallid metacercariae in Mytilus galloprovincialis from the Northwestern Adriatic coast: Preliminary observations
    Erica Marchiori, Francesco Quaglio, Giovanni Franzo, Ginevra Brocca, Sonja Aleksi, Pietrogiovanni Cerchier, Rudi Cassini, Federica Marcer
    Journal of Invertebrate Pathology.2023; 196: 107854.     CrossRef
  • Molecular phylogeny, distribution, and pathogenicity of a novel thraustochytrid protist in the Manila clam, Ruditapes philippinarum, on the west and south coasts of Korea
    Biyun Zhao, Seung-Hyeon Kim, Dae-Woong Koh, S.D.N.K. Bathige, Kwang-Sik Choi, Kyung-Il Park
    Aquaculture.2023; 575: 739779.     CrossRef
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    C. Bommarito, M. Wahl, D.W. Thieltges, C. Pansch, M. Zucchetta, F. Pranovi
    Parasitology.2022; 149(1): 15.     CrossRef
  • Effects of larval trematode parasitism on the reproductive capacity of Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum in a sandy-mud tidal flat on the west coast of Korea
    Young-Ghan Cho, Hye-Mi Lee, Jeong-Hwa Kim, Jong-Seop Shin, Hee-Do Jeung, Kwang-Sik Choi
    Frontiers in Marine Science.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Hye-Mi Lee, Kyung-Il Park, Hyun-Sung Yang, Kwang-Sik Choi
    Ocean Science Journal.2021; 56(3): 307.     CrossRef
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Original Articles

Echinostoma mekongi: Discovery of Its Metacercarial Stage in Snails, Filopaludina martensi cambodjensis, in Pursat Province, Cambodia
Jong-Yil Chai, Woon-Mok Sohn, Jaeeun Cho, Bong-Kwang Jung, Taehee Chang, Keon Hoon Lee, Virak Khieu, Rekol Huy
Korean J Parasitol 2021;59(1):47-53.
Published online February 19, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2021.59.1.47
Echinostoma mekongi was reported as a new species in 2020 based on specimens collected from humans in Kratie and Takeo Province, Cambodia. In the present study, its metacercarial stage has been discovered in Filopaludina martensi cambodjensis snails purchased from a local market nearby the Tonle Sap Lake, Pursat Province, Cambodia. The metacercariae were fed orally to an experimental hamster, and adult flukes were recovered at day 20 post-infection. They were morphologically examined using light and scanning electron microscopes and molecularly analyzed by sequencing of their mitochondrial cox1 and nad1 genes. A total of 115 metacercariae (1-8 per snail) were detected in 60 (60.0%) out of 100 Filopaludina snails examined. The metacercariae were round, 174 ?m in average diameter (163-190 ?m in range), having a thin cyst wall, a head collar armed with 37 collar spines, and characteristic excretory granules. The adult flukes were elongated, ventrally curved, 7.3 (6.4-8.2)×1.4 (1.1-1.7) mm in size, and equipped with 37 collar spines on the head collar (dorsal spines in 2 alternating rows), being consistent with E. mekongi. In phylogenetic analyses, the adult flukes showed 99.0-100% homology based on cox1 sequences and 98.9-99.7% homology based on nad1 sequences with E. mekongi. The results evidenced that F. martensi cambodjensis snails act as the second intermediate host of E. mekongi, and hamsters can be used as a suitable experimental definitive host. As local people favor to eat undercooked snails, these snails seem to be an important source of human infection with E. mekongi in Cambodia.

Citations

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  • High Prevalence of Echinostoma mekongi Infection in Schoolchildren and Adults, Kandal Province, Cambodia
    Bong-Kwang Jung, Taehee Chang, Seungwan Ryoo, Sooji Hong, Jeonggyu Lee, Sung-Jong Hong, Woon-Mok Sohn, Virak Khieu, Rekol Huy, Jong-Yil Chai
    Emerging Infectious Diseases.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Biological Hazards and Indicators Found in Products of Animal Origin in Cambodia from 2000 to 2022: A Systematic Review
    Shwe Phue San, Rortana Chea, Delia Grace, Kristina Roesel, Sothyra Tum, Stephen Young, Tumnoon Charaslertrangsi, Nazanin Zand, Shetty Seetharama Thombathu, Ra Thorng, Leab Kong, Kuok Fidero, Linda Nicolaides
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2024; 21(12): 1621.     CrossRef
  • High diversity of trematode metacercariae that parasitize freshwater gastropods in Bangkok, Thailand, and their infective situations, morphologies and phylogenetic relationships
    Pichit Wiroonpan, Thapana Chontananarth, Jong-Yil Chai, Watchariya Purivirojkul
    Parasitology.2022; 149(7): 913.     CrossRef
  • General overview of the current status of human foodborne trematodiasis
    Jong-Yil Chai, Bong-Kwang Jung
    Parasitology.2022; 149(10): 1262.     CrossRef
  • 5,463 View
  • 129 Download
  • 5 Web of Science
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Echinostoma miyagawai Ishii, 1932 (Echinostomatidae) from Ducks in Aceh Province, Indonesia with Special Reference to Its Synonymy with Echinostoma robustum Yamaguti, 1935
Jong-Yil Chai, Bong-Kwang Jung, Taehee Chang, Hyejoo Shin, Jaeeun Cho, Jin-Youp Ryu, Hyun-Seung Kim, Kwanghoon Park, Mun-Hyoo Jeong, Eui-Hyug Hoang, Marzuki Bin Muhammad Abdullah
Korean J Parasitol 2021;59(1):35-45.
Published online February 19, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2021.59.1.35
Adult echinostomes having 37 collar spines collected from the intestine of Pitalah ducks in Aceh Province, Indonesia in 2018 were morphologically and molecularly determined to be Echinostoma miyagawai Ishii, 1932 (Digenea: Echinostomatidae). Among 20 ducks examined, 7 (35.0%) were found to be infected with this echinostome, and the number of flukes collected was 48 in total with average 6.9 (1-17) worms per duck. The adult flukes were 7.2 (6.1-8.5) mm in length and 1.2 (1.0-1.4) mm in width (pre-ovarian or testicular level) and characterized by having a head collar armed with 37 collar spines (dorsal spines arranged in 2 alternating rows), including 5 end group spines, and variable morphology of the testes, irregularly or deeply lobed (3-5 lobes) at times with horizontal extension. The eggs within the worm uterus were 93 (79-105) ?m long and 62 (56-70) ?m wide. These morphological features were consistent with both E. miyagawai and Echinostoma robustum, for which synonymy to each other has been raised. Sequencing of 2 mitochondrial genes, cox1 and nad1, revealed high homology with E. miyagawai (98.6-100% for cox1 and 99.0-99.8% for nad1) and also with E. robustum (99.3-99.8% for nad1) deposited in GenBank. We accepted the synonymy between the 2 species and diagnosed our flukes as E. miyagawai (syn. E. robustum) with redescription of its morphology. Further studies are required to determine the biological characteristics of E. miyagawai in Aceh Province, Indonesia, including the intermediate host and larval stage information.

Citations

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  • Development of a duplex loop-mediated isothermal amplification together with lateral flow dipstick assay for the detection and discrimination of parasitic infections in chickens between cestodes belonging to genus Raillietina and trematodes in family Echi
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    Sergei A. Vlasenkov, Mikhail Yu. Shchelkanov, Sergey G. Sokolov
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  • Development and utilization of a visual loop-mediated isothermal amplification coupled with a lateral flow dipstick (LAMP-LFD) assay for rapid detection of Echinostomatidae metacercaria in edible snail samples
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    International Journal of Food Microbiology.2024; 418: 110732.     CrossRef
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  • A new species ofEchinostoma(Trematoda: Echinostomatidae) from the ‘revolutum’ group found in Brazil: refuting the occurrence ofEchinostoma miyagawai(=E. robustum) in the Americas
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  • Echinostoma mekongi: Discovery of Its Metacercarial Stage in Snails, Filopaludina martensi cambodjensis, in Pursat Province, Cambodia
    Jong-Yil Chai, Woon-Mok Sohn, Jaeeun Cho, Bong-Kwang Jung, Taehee Chang, Keon Hoon Lee, Virak Khieu, Rekol Huy
    The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2021; 59(1): 47.     CrossRef
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Brief Communications

Larval Gnathostomes and Zoonotic Trematode Metacercariae in Fish from a Local Market in Yangon City, Myanmar
Jong-Yil Chai, Bong-Kwang Jung, Keon Hoon Lee, Jin-Youp Ryu, Hyeon-Seung Kim, Sung-Jong Hong, Thi Thi Htoon, Htay Htay Tin, Byoung-Kuk Na, Woon-Mok Sohn
Korean J Parasitol 2020;58(6):701-707.
Published online December 29, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2020.58.6.701
A survey was performed to investigate the infection status of zoonotic helminth larvae in fish from a local market of North Dagon District in Yangon City, Myanmar. A total of 486 fish in 13 species were collected 8 times from December 2015 to December 2019. All fish were transported under ice to a laboratory in Korea and examined for helminth larvae using artificial digestion method. Larval gnathostomes and metacercariae of more than 8 zoonotic trematode species, i.e., Opisthorchis viverrini, Haplorchis taichui, H. pumilio, H. yokogawai, Centrocestus spp., Stellantchasmus falcatus, Pygidiopsis cambodiensis, and Procerovum sp., were detected. Larval gnathostomes were found in 58 (16.0%) out of 362 fish of 6 species, with mean intensity of 2.8 per fish infected. Metacercariae of O. viverrini were detected in 10 (2.9%) out of 349 fish of 5 species, with mean intensity of 16.9 per fish infected. Metacercarial prevalences of 4 intestinal flukes, H. taichui, H. pumilio, H. yokogawai, and Centrocestus spp., were 16.8%, 26.0%, 12.5%, and 15.0% in the positive fish species, respectively, and mean metacercarial intensity was 63.3, 26.8, 86.2, and 8.7 per fish infected. Metacercariae of S. falcatus and P. cambodiensis were detected only from the mullet, Chelon macrolepis. Metacercariae of Procerovum sp. were found in Channa striata and Anabas testudineus. Collectively, it was confirmed that the fish were infected with gnathostome larvae and metacercariae of O. viverrini and intestinal flukes in Yangon City, Myanmar.

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  • Identification of an Opisthorchis viverrini-like liver fluke from Myanmar: Metacercariae recovered from snakehead fish and adults from an experimentally infected hamster
    Woon-Mok Sohn, Bong-Kwang Jung, Keon-Hoon Lee, Sung-Jong Hong, Seung-Hwan Seo, Thi Thi Htoon, Htay Htay Tin, Eun-Hee Shin, Jong-Yil Chai
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    EFSA Journal.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Detection of Gnathostoma spinigerum Advanced 3rd-Stage Larvae in the Chinese Edible Frog, Hoplobatrachus rugulosus, from Local Markets in Phnom Penh, Cambodia
    Woon-Mok Sohn, Bong-Kwang Jung, Sooji Hong, Seungwan Ryoo, Keon Hoon Lee, Virak Khieu, Jong-Yil Chai
    The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2021; 59(5): 519.     CrossRef
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Infection Status of Gnathostoma spinigerum Larvae in Asian Swamp Eels, Monopterus albus, Purchased from Local Markets in Cambodia
Jong-Yil Chai, Bong-Kwang Jung, Keon Hoon Lee, Sung-Jong Hong, Virak Khieu, Byoung-Kuk Na, Woon-Mok Sohn
Korean J Parasitol 2020;58(6):695-699.
Published online December 29, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2020.58.6.695
Present study was performed to know the infection status of Gnathostoma sp. larvae in swamp eels from Cambodia. We purchased total 30 Asian swamp eels, Monopterus albus, from local markets in Pursat and Takeo Provinces and Phnom Penh on May and November 2017 and May 2018. All collected eels were transferred to our laboratory with ice and each of them was examined by artificial digestion method. A total of 15 larval gnathostomes (1-5 larvae) were detected from 55.6% (5/9) swamp eels in Pursat Province. No larval gnathostomes were found in 21 swamp eels in Takeo Province and Phnom Penh. The advanced third-stage larvae (AdL3) detected were 2.575-3.825 (3.250) mm in length and 0.375-0.425 (0.386) mm in width. They had the characteristic head bulb (av. 0.104×0.218 mm) with 4 rows of hooklets, long muscular esophagus (1.048 mm), and 2 pairs of cervical sacs (0.615 mm). The number of hooklets in 4 rows on the head bulb was 41, 44, 47, and 50. In scanning electron microscopy, characteristic features were 4 rows of hooklets on the head bulb, cervical papillae, tegumental spines regularly arranged in transverse striations, and anus. The larval gnathostomes were identified as AdL3 of Gnathostoma spinigerum based on the morphological characters. By the present study, it has been confirmed that G. spinigerum larvae are infected in Asian swamp eels, M. albus, in Pursat Province, Cambodia.

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    Shwe Phue San, Rortana Chea, Delia Grace, Kristina Roesel, Sothyra Tum, Stephen Young, Tumnoon Charaslertrangsi, Nazanin Zand, Shetty Seetharama Thombathu, Ra Thorng, Leab Kong, Kuok Fidero, Linda Nicolaides
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2024; 21(12): 1621.     CrossRef
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    Wijak Kongwattananon, Thanaporn Wiriyabanditkul, Waraluck Supwatjariyakul, Thanapong Somkijrungroj
    Ocular Immunology and Inflammation.2023; 31(5): 1092.     CrossRef
  • Detection of Gnathostoma spinigerum Advanced 3rd-Stage Larvae in the Chinese Edible Frog, Hoplobatrachus rugulosus, from Local Markets in Phnom Penh, Cambodia
    Woon-Mok Sohn, Bong-Kwang Jung, Sooji Hong, Seungwan Ryoo, Keon Hoon Lee, Virak Khieu, Jong-Yil Chai
    The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2021; 59(5): 519.     CrossRef
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Original Articles

Morphological and Molecular Characteristics of Clinostomid Metacercariae from Korea and Myanmar
Eun Jeong Won, Yu Jeong Lee, Moon-Ju Kim, Jong-Yil Chai, Byoung-Kuk Na, Woon-Mok Sohn
Korean J Parasitol 2020;58(6):635-645.
Published online December 29, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2020.58.6.635
Morphological and molecular characterization of clinostomid metacercariae (CMc) was performed with the specimens collected in fish from Korea and Myanmar. Total 6 batches of clinostomid specimens by the fish species and geographical localities, 5 Korean and 1 Myanmar isolates, were analyzed with morphological (light microscopy and SEM) and molecular methods (the cytochrome c oxidase 1 gene and internal transcribed spacer 1/5.8S rRNA sequence). There were some morphological variations among CMc specimens from Korea. However, some morphometrics, i.e., the size of worm body and each organ, ratio of body length to body width, and morphology of cecal lumens, were considerably different between the specimens from Korea and Myanmar. The surface ultrastructures were somewhat different between the specimens from Korea and Myanmar. The CO1 sequences of 5 Korean specimens ranging 728-736 bp showed 99.6-100% identity with Clinostomum complanatum (GenBank no. KM923964). They also showed 99.9-100% identity with C. complanatum (FJ609420) in the ITS1 sequences ranging 692-698 bp. Meanwhile, the ITS1 sequences of Myanmar specimen showed 99.9% identity with Euclinostomum heterostomum (KY312847). Five sequences from Korean specimens clustered with the C. complanatum genes, but not clustered with Myanmar specimens. Conclusively, it was confirmed that CMc from Korea were morphologically and molecularly identical with C. complanatum and those from Myanmar were E. heterostomum.

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  • Population structure of Clinostomum complanatum (Trematoda: Digenea) with new data on haplotype diversity of flukes from Slovakia and Italy
    Ľudmila Juhásová, Eva Čisovská Bazsalovicsová, Monica Caffara, Alžbeta Radačovská, Andrea Gustinelli, Lucia Dinisová, Yaroslav Syrota, Ivica Králová-Hromadová
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  • Genetic variation of the freshwater snail Indoplanorbis exustus (Gastropoda: Planorbidae) in Thailand, inferred from 18S and 28S rDNA sequences
    Abdulhakam Dumidae, Chanakan Subkrasae, Jiranun Ardpairin, Supawan Pansri, Chanatinat Homkaew, Aunchalee Thanwisai, Apichat Vitta
    Parasitology Research.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Asmaa M. I. Abuzeid, Mahmoud M. Hefni, Amal K. El-Gayar, Yue Huang, Guoqing Li
    Parasitology Research.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Freshwater pulmonate snails and their potential role as trematode intermediate host in a cercarial dermatitis outbreak in Southern Thailand
    Thanaporn Wongpim, Jirayus Komsuwan, Chanyanuch Janmanee, Piyawan Thongchot, Sukhonta Limsampan, Nattarinee Wichiannarat, Wiyada Chaowatut, Saranphat Suwanrat, Wivitchuta Dechruksa, Nuanpan Veeravechsukij, Matthias Glaubrecht, Duangduen Krailas
    Evolutionary Systematics.2023; 7(2): 293.     CrossRef
  • Cercarial dermatitis outbreak caused by ruminant parasite with intermediate snail host: schistosome in Chana, South Thailand
    Duangduen Krailas, Suluck Namchote, Jirayus Komsuwan, Thanaporn Wongpim, Kitja Apiraksena, Matthias Glaubrecht, Pichaya Sonthiporn, Choopong Sansawang, Sirirat Suwanrit
    Evolutionary Systematics.2022; 6(2): 151.     CrossRef
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    Carmen De Tena Ramírez
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    Shokoofeh Shamsi, Diane P. Barton, Scott Day, Juliet Masiga, Xiaocheng Zhu, Matthew McLellan
    Parasitology Research.2021; 120(8): 2793.     CrossRef
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  • 140 Download
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Morphological and Molecular Diagnosis of Necator americanus and Ancylostoma ceylanicum Recovered from Villagers in Northern Cambodia
Taehee Chang, Bong-Kwang Jung, Woon-Mok Sohn, Sooji Hong, Hyejoo Shin, Seungwan Ryoo, Jeonggyu Lee, Keon Hoon Lee, Virak Khieu, Rekol Huy, Jong-Yil Chai
Korean J Parasitol 2020;58(6):619-625.
Published online December 29, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2020.58.6.619
Human hookworm infections caused by adult Ancylostoma spp. and Necator americanus are one of the most important tropical diseases. We performed a survey of intestinal helminths using the Kato-Katz fecal examination technique targeting 1,156 villagers residing in 2 northern provinces (Preah Vihear and Stung Treng) of Cambodia in 2018. The results revealed a high overall egg positive rate of intestinal helminths (61.9%), and the egg positive rate of hookworms was 11.6%. Nine of the hookworm egg positive cases in Preah Vihear Province were treated with 5-10 mg/kg pyrantel pamoate followed by purging with magnesium salts, and a total of 65 adult hookworms were expelled in diarrheic stools. The adult hookworms were analyzed morphologically and molecularly to confirm the species. The morphologies of the buccal cavity and dorsal rays on the costa were observed with a light microscope, and the nucleotide sequences of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) gene were analyzed. The majority of the hookworm adults (90.7%) were N. americanus, whereas the remaining 9.3% were Ancylostoma ceylanicum, a rare hookworm species infecting humans. The results revealed a high prevalence of hookworm infections among people in a northern part of Cambodia, suggesting the necessity of a sustained survey combined with control measures against hookworm infections.

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    Uniqueky Gratis Mawrie, Riviarynthia Kharkongor, María Martínez Valladares, Stella Kepha, Sitara S. R. Ajjampur, Rajiv Sarkar, Rachel Pullan, Muhammad Asaduzzaman
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    Meysam Sharifdini, Aida Vafae Eslahi, Majid Pirestani, Ali Asghari, Giovanni Sgroi, Elham Hajialilo, Arian Ghannadi Karimi, Anastasia Diakou, Milad Badri
    BMC Veterinary Research.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Integrated Eco-Health approach significantly reduces helminth infections in endemic Khong islands with emphasis on Schistosoma mekongi
    Somphou Sayasone, Youthanavanh Vonghachack, Shang Xia, Shan Lv, Xiao-Nong Zhou, Peter Odermatt
    Infectious Diseases of Poverty.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Meiningtiyas Indriyanti, Sayono Sayono, Wahyu Handoyo, Tri Dewi Kristini, Didik Sumanto
    International Journal of Medical Parasitology and Epidemiology Sciences.2024; 5(1): 11.     CrossRef
  • High endemicity of Opisthorchis viverrini infection among people in northern Cambodia confirmed by adult worm expulsion
    Bong-Kwang Jung, Sooji Hong, Taehee Chang, Jaeeun Cho, Seungwan Ryoo, Keon Hoon Lee, Jeonggyu Lee, Woon-Mok Sohn, Sung-Jong Hong, Virak Khieu, Rekol Huy, Jong-Yil Chai
    Scientific Reports.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Fang Fang Xu, Yu Fei Niu, Wen Qing Chen, Sha Sha Liu, Jing Ru Li, Peng Jiang, Zhong Quan Wang, Jing Cui, Xi Zhang
    Parasites & Vectors.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
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  • 216 Download
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Morphology and Molecular Identification of Echinostoma revolutum and Echinostoma macrorchis in Freshwater Snails and Experimental Hamsters in Upper Northern Thailand
Preeyaporn Butboonchoo, Chalobol Wongsawad, Pheravut Wongsawad, Jong-Yil Chai
Korean J Parasitol 2020;58(5):499-511.
Published online October 22, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2020.58.5.499
Echinostome metacercariae were investigated in freshwater snails from 26 districts in 7 provinces of upper northern Thailand. The species identification was carried out based on the morphologies of the metacercariae and adult flukes harvested from experimental hamsters, and on nucleotide sequences of internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide dehydrogenase subunit 1 (nad1) genes. Twenty-four out of 26 districts were found to be infected with echinostome metacercariae in freshwater snails with the prevalence of 40.4%. The metacercariae were found in all 6 species of snails, including Filopaludina martensi martensi (21.9%), Filopaludina doliaris (50.8%), F. sumatrensis polygramma (61.3%), Bithynia siamensis siamensis (14.5%), Bithynia pulchella (38.0%), and Anenthome helena (4.9%). The echinostome metacercariae found in these snails were identified as Echinostoma revolutum (37-collar-spined) and Echinostoma macrorchis (45-collar-spined) morphologically and molecularly. The 2-week-old adult flukes of E. revolutum revealed unique features of the cirrus sac extending to middle of the ventral sucker and smooth testes. E. macrorchis adults revealed the cirrus sac close to the right lateral margin of the ventral sucker and 2 large and elliptical testes with slight indentations and pointed posterior end of the posterior testis. The ITS2 and nad1 sequences confirmed the species identification of E. revolutum, and the sequences of E. macrorchis have been deposited for the first time in Gen-Bank. The presence of the life cycle of E. macrorchis is a new record in Thailand and the snail F. doliaris as their second intermediate host seems to be new among the literature.

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  • Filling the void: Morphological and molecular phylogenetic analyses of helminths assemblage from the Egyptian egret Bubulcus ibis
    Nada A. Ibrahim, Ismail M. Shalaby, Mahi A. Ghobashy, Azza A. Taeleb, Elham A. Elkhawass
    Parasitology International.2025; 104: 102972.     CrossRef
  • The Nuclear Ribosomal Transcription Units of Two Echinostomes and Their Taxonomic Implications for the Family Echinostomatidae
    Yu Cao, Ye Li, Zhong-Yan Gao, Bo-Tao Jiang
    Biology.2025; 14(8): 1101.     CrossRef
  • Prevalence of Foodborne Trematodes in Small Indigenous Fish Species in Local Markets of Phnom Penh, Cambodia
    Domenico Caruso, Lin Kong, Samnang Keo, Sreyni Yoeurn, Samphal Seng
    Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases.2024; 24(3): 141.     CrossRef
  • Morphological and molecular characteristics of Paralecithodendrium longiforme (Digenea: Lecithodendriidae) adults and cercariae from Chinese pipistrelle bats and viviparid snails in Thailand
    Thitichai Arttra, Pheravut Wongsawad, Chalobol Wongsawad, Nattawadee Nantarat, Preeyaporn Butboonchoo, Jong-Yil Chai
    Parasites, Hosts and Diseases.2024; 62(1): 85.     CrossRef
  • Development and utilization of a visual loop-mediated isothermal amplification coupled with a lateral flow dipstick (LAMP-LFD) assay for rapid detection of Echinostomatidae metacercaria in edible snail samples
    Wasin Panich, Phonkawin Jaruboonyakorn, Awika Raksaman, Thanawan Tejangkura, Thapana Chontananarth
    International Journal of Food Microbiology.2024; 418: 110732.     CrossRef
  • Genetic diversity and population structure of the helminths intermediate host Anentome helena (von dem Busch, 1847) in northern Thailand
    Nithinan Chomchoei, Chalobol Wongsawad, Preeyaporn Butboonchoo, Nattawadee Nantarat
    Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine.2024; 17(12): 536.     CrossRef
  • Morphological and DNA analyses reveal cryptic diversity in Anentome wykoffi (Brandt, 1974) (Gastropoda: Nassariidae), with descriptions of two new species from Thailand
    Nithinan Chomchoei, Thierry Backeljau, Piyatida Pimvichai, Ting Hui Ng, Nattawadee Nantarat, Gonzalo Giribet
    Invertebrate Systematics.2023; 37(11): 755.     CrossRef
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    Pichit Wiroonpan, Thapana Chontananarth, Jong-Yil Chai, Watchariya Purivirojkul
    Parasitology.2022; 149(7): 913.     CrossRef
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    A. Stanicka, R. Maciaszek, A. Cichy, J. Templin, W. Świderek, E. Żbikowska, A. M. Labecka
    The European Zoological Journal.2022; 89(1): 601.     CrossRef
  • Morphological and molecular characterization of larval trematodes infecting the assassin snail genusAnentomein Thailand
    N. Chomchoei, T. Backeljau, B. Segers, C. Wongsawad, P. Butboonchoo, N. Nantarat
    Journal of Helminthology.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
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  • 234 Download
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Brief Communications

Larval Gnathostomes and Spargana in Chinese Edible Frogs, Hoplobatrachus rugulosus, from Myanmar: Potential Risk of Human Infection
Jong-Yil Chai, Bong-Kwang Jung, Jin-Youp Ryu, Hyun-Seung Kim, Sung-Jong Hong, Thi Thi Htoon, Htay Htay Tin, Byoung-Kuk Na, Woon-Mok Sohn
Korean J Parasitol 2020;58(4):467-473.
Published online August 25, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2020.58.4.467
Chinese edible frogs, Hoplobatrachus rugulosus, were examined to estimate the potential risks of human gnathostomiasis and sparganosis in Myanmar. A total of 20 frogs were purchased in a local market of Yangon and examined with naked eyes and the artificial digestion method after skin peeling in June 2018 and June 2019. Larvae of gnathostomes and Spirometra (=spargana) were detected in 15 (75.0%) and 15 (75.0%) frogs with average intensities of 10.5 and 6.3 larvae per infected frog, respectively. Gnathostome larvae were 2.75-3.80 (av. 3.30) mm long and 0.29-0.36 (0.33) mm wide. They had a characteristic head bulb with 4 rows of hooklets, a muscular long esophagus, and 2 pairs of cervical sac. The mean number of hooklets were 41, 44, 47, and 50 on the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th row, respectively. Collected spargana were actively moving, particularly with the scolex part, and have ivory-white color and variable in size. Conclusively, it has been first confirmed that Chinese edible frogs, H. rugulosus, are highly infected with larval gnathostomes and spargana in this study. Consuming these frogs is considered a potential risk of human gnathostomiasis and sparganosis in Myanmar.

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    CA. V. Torralba, E. F. Gamalinda, L. A. Estaño
    Helminthologia.2023; 60(4): 385.     CrossRef
  • Echinostoma mekongi: Discovery of Its Metacercarial Stage in Snails, Filopaludina martensi cambodjensis, in Pursat Province, Cambodia
    Jong-Yil Chai, Woon-Mok Sohn, Jaeeun Cho, Bong-Kwang Jung, Taehee Chang, Keon Hoon Lee, Virak Khieu, Rekol Huy
    The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2021; 59(1): 47.     CrossRef
  • Detection of Gnathostoma spinigerum Advanced 3rd-Stage Larvae in the Chinese Edible Frog, Hoplobatrachus rugulosus, from Local Markets in Phnom Penh, Cambodia
    Woon-Mok Sohn, Bong-Kwang Jung, Sooji Hong, Seungwan Ryoo, Keon Hoon Lee, Virak Khieu, Jong-Yil Chai
    The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2021; 59(5): 519.     CrossRef
  • Larval Gnathostomes and Zoonotic Trematode Metacercariae in Fish from a Local Market in Yangon City, Myanmar
    Jong-Yil Chai, Bong-Kwang Jung, Keon Hoon Lee, Jin-Youp Ryu, Hyeon-Seung Kim, Sung-Jong Hong, Thi Thi Htoon, Htay Htay Tin, Byoung-Kuk Na, Woon-Mok Sohn
    The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2020; 58(6): 701.     CrossRef
  • 6,875 View
  • 102 Download
  • 4 Web of Science
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Neuroprotective Effect of Chronic Intracranial Toxoplasma gondii Infection in a Mouse Cerebral Ischemia Model
Seung Hak Lee, Bong-Kwang Jung, Hyemi Song, Han Gil Seo, Jong-Yil Chai, Byung-Mo Oh
Korean J Parasitol 2020;58(4):461-466.
Published online August 25, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2020.58.4.461
Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular protozoan parasite that can invade various organs in the host body, including the central nervous system. Chronic intracranial T. gondii is known to be associated with neuroprotection against neurodegenerative diseases through interaction with host brain cells in various ways. The present study investigated the neuroprotective effects of chronic T. gondii infection in mice with cerebral ischemia experimentally produced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) surgery. The neurobehavioral effects of cerebral ischemia were assessed by measurement of Garcia score and Rotarod behavior tests. The volume of brain ischemia was measured by triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining. The expression levels of related genes and proteins were determined. After cerebral ischemia, corrected infarction volume was significantly reduced in T. gondii infected mice, and their neurobehavioral function was significantly better than that of the uninfection control group. Chronic T. gondii infection induced the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α) in the brain before MCAO. T. gondii infection also increased the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor after the cerebral ischemia. It is suggested that chronic intracerebral infection of T. gondii may be a potential preconditioning strategy to reduce neural deficits associated with cerebral ischemia and induce brain ischemic tolerance through the regulation of HIF-1α expression.

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  • Seroprevalence of latent toxoplasmosis and its association with clinical outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke; a case-control study in northeastern Iran
    Amirali Ghahremani, Hasan Namdar Ahmadabad, Reza shafiei
    Experimental Parasitology.2025; 276: 109003.     CrossRef
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  • 95 Download
  • 1 Web of Science
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Case Report

Two Human Cases of Echinococcus ortleppi Infection in the Lung and Heart in Vietnam
Nguyen Van De, Pham Ngoc Minh, Le Van Duyet, Nguyen Ngoc Bich, Trinh Nam Son, Bong-Kwang Jung, Jong-Yil Chai
Korean J Parasitol 2020;58(4):451-456.
Published online August 25, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2020.58.4.451
This is a report of 2 cases of human hydatidosis caused by Echinococcus ortleppi in Vietnam. The patients were a 12-year-old male (case 1) having a cyst of 10.0×9.0 cm size in the lung and a 50-year-old female with a 3.0×3.3 cm-sized cyst in the heart. Eosinophilia was 33.7% in the male and 45.8% in the female patient. C-reactive protein was increased to 16.5 mg/L in the male and 18.2 mg/L in the female. Both patients were positive for ELISA at OD=2.5 and 3.1, respectively. Echinococcus protoscolices were collected from the cysts by amniocentesis and surgery. The protoscolices were identified as E. ortleppi by morphology and analysis of mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase 1 (nad1) gene sequence. Both patients were cured by surgical resection of the hydatid cyst combined with albendazole medication. The E. ortleppi infection in lung is the second report, and the other in the heart is the first in Vietnam.

Citations

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  • Current Perspectives on Cystic Echinococcosis: A Systematic Review
    Hawkar A. Nasralla, Berun A. Abdalla, Hiwa O. Abdullah, Sasan M. Ahmed, Fahmi H. Kakamad, Shvan H. Mohammed, Rawezh Q. Salih, Dahat A. Hussein, Tomas M. Mikael, Marwan N. Hassan, Hunar A. Hassan, Suhaib H. Kakamad, Kayhan A. Najar, Karukh K.
    Judi Clinical Journal.2025; 1(1): 12.     CrossRef
  • Epidemiological study on bovine cystic echinococcosis: Abattoir survey, cyst characterization and its economic impact at Mekaneyesuse municipality abattoir, Northwest Ethiopia
    Belete Sendekie, Beyenech Gebeyehu, Abebe Mihret, Tesfu Kassa, Nigatu Kebede
    Parasite Epidemiology and Control.2024; 25: e00355.     CrossRef
  • Echinococcus ortleppi infection in humans: An emerging zoonosis in Asia
    Ayako Yoshida, Takao Irie, Lan-Anh Le, Khanh-Linh Bui, Yukifumi Nawa
    Parasitology International.2024; 103: 102949.     CrossRef
  • An overview of human helminthioses in Vietnam: Their prevention, control and lessons learnt
    Hung Manh Nguyen, Dung Trung Do, Stephen E. Greiman, Ha Van Nguyen, Hien Van Hoang, Toan Quoc Phan, Phuc Pham-Duc, Henry Madsen
    Acta Tropica.2023; 238: 106753.     CrossRef
  • First report of Echinococcus ortleppi and genotype G6 of E. canadensis cluster from southern Punjab, Pakistan and a global overview on genetic structure and host adaptation of E. ortleppi
    Hira Muqaddas, Naunain Mehmood, Urmas Saarma, Ammarah Usman, Fahad Ahmed, Antonio Varcasia, Maria Francesca Sini, Muhammad Irfan Ullah
    Acta Tropica.2023; 244: 106951.     CrossRef
  • Vietnam: Neglected tropical diseases in an emerging and accelerating economy
    Kala Pham, Peter J Hotez, Aaron R. Jex
    PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases.2022; 16(2): e0010140.     CrossRef
  • Species and genotypes belonging to Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato complex causing human cystic echinococcosis in Europe (2000–2021): a systematic review
    Adriano Casulli, Alessandro Massolo, Urmas Saarma, Gérald Umhang, Federica Santolamazza, Azzurra Santoro
    Parasites & Vectors.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Cardiac hydatid cysts in a young man: A case report and a literature review
    Mircea Bajdechi, Dalia Manolache, Adrian Tudor, Mihnea Orghidan, Adriana Gurghean
    Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Genetic Characterization of Echinococcus granulosus Sensu Lato in Livestock and Human Isolates from North of Iran Indicates the Presence of E. ortleppi in Cattle
    Khadijeh Nematdoost, Keyhan Ashrafi, Bijan Majidi-Shad, Eshrat Beigom Kia, Arash Zeinali, Meysam Sharifdini
    Acta Parasitologica.2021; 66(2): 446.     CrossRef
  • First Report of Echinococcus ortleppi in Free-Living Wild Boar (Sus scrofa) from Portugal
    Teresa Letra Mateus, Maria João Gargaté, Anabela Vilares, Idalina Ferreira, Manuela Rodrigues, Catarina Coelho, Madalena Vieira-Pinto
    Microorganisms.2021; 9(6): 1256.     CrossRef
  • Extracellular vesicles of Echinococcus granulosus have therapeutic effects in allergic airway inflammation
    Mi Jin Jeong, Shin Ae Kang, Jun Ho Choi, Da In Lee, Hak Sun Yu
    Parasite Immunology.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Terminologie à utiliser pour l’étude et la prise en charge des échinococcoses : adaptation du consensus international à la langue française
    A.P. Bellanger, K. Achour, S. Barkati, C. Bastid, S. Bresson-Hadni, B. Delaere, C. Dziri, B. Gottstein, M. Kachani, G. Mantion, G. Umhang, M. Wallon, D.A. Vuitton
    Bulletin de l'Académie Nationale de Médecine.2021; 205(8): 1028.     CrossRef
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Original Articles

Echinostoma mekongi n. sp. (Digenea: Echinostomatidae) from Riparian People along the Mekong River in Cambodia
Jaeeun Cho, Bong-Kwang Jung, Taehee Chang, Woon-Mok Sohn, Muth Sinuon, Jong-Yil Chai
Korean J Parasitol 2020;58(4):431-443.
Published online August 25, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2020.58.4.431
Echinostoma mekongi n. sp. (Digenea: Echinostomatidae) is described based on adult flukes collected from humans residing along the Mekong River in Cambodia. Total 256 flukes were collected from the diarrheic stool of 6 echinostome egg positive villagers in Kratie and Takeo Province after praziquantel treatment and purging. Adults of the new species were 9.0-13.1 (av. 11.3) mm in length and 1.3-2.5 (1.9) mm in maximum width and characterized by having a head collar armed with 37 collar spines (dorsal spines arranged in 2 alternative rows), including 5 end group spines. The eggs in feces and worm uterus were 98-132 (117) μm long and 62-90 (75) μm wide. These morphological features closely resembled those of Echinostoma revolutum, E. miyagawai, and several other 37-collar-spined Echinostoma species. However, sequencing of the nuclear ITS (ITS1-5.8S rRNA-ITS2) and 2 mitochondrial genes, cox1 and nad1, revealed unique features distinct from E. revolutum and also from other 37-collar-spined Echinostoma group available in GenBank (E. bolschewense, E. caproni, E. cinetorchis, E. deserticum, E. miyagawai, E. nasincovae, E. novaezealandense, E. paraensei, E. paraulum, E. robustum, E. trivolvis, and Echinostoma sp. IG). Thus, we assigned our flukes as a new species, E. mekongi. The new species revealed marked variation in the morphology of testes (globular or lobulated), and smaller head collar, collar spines, oral and ventral suckers, and cirrus sac compared to E. revolutum and E. miyagawai. Epidemiological studies regarding the geographical distribution and its life history, including the source of human infections, remain to be performed.

Citations

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  • The Nuclear Ribosomal Transcription Units of Two Echinostomes and Their Taxonomic Implications for the Family Echinostomatidae
    Yu Cao, Ye Li, Zhong-Yan Gao, Bo-Tao Jiang
    Biology.2025; 14(8): 1101.     CrossRef
  • Prevalence of Foodborne Trematodes in Small Indigenous Fish Species in Local Markets of Phnom Penh, Cambodia
    Domenico Caruso, Lin Kong, Samnang Keo, Sreyni Yoeurn, Samphal Seng
    Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases.2024; 24(3): 141.     CrossRef
  • High Prevalence of Echinostoma mekongi Infection in Schoolchildren and Adults, Kandal Province, Cambodia
    Bong-Kwang Jung, Taehee Chang, Seungwan Ryoo, Sooji Hong, Jeonggyu Lee, Sung-Jong Hong, Woon-Mok Sohn, Virak Khieu, Rekol Huy, Jong-Yil Chai
    Emerging Infectious Diseases.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Development and utilization of a visual loop-mediated isothermal amplification coupled with a lateral flow dipstick (LAMP-LFD) assay for rapid detection of Echinostomatidae metacercaria in edible snail samples
    Wasin Panich, Phonkawin Jaruboonyakorn, Awika Raksaman, Thanawan Tejangkura, Thapana Chontananarth
    International Journal of Food Microbiology.2024; 418: 110732.     CrossRef
  • First molecular insights into gastrointestinal helminths of domestic birds in the Caspian Sea Littoral of Iran with an emphasis on the One Health concern
    Aida Vafae Eslahi, Majid Pirestani, Armin Aligolzadeh, Oskar Nowak, Elham Hajialilo, Pourya Fathollahzadeh, Fahimeh Hajiaghaee, Milad Badri, Luís Manuel Madeira de Carvalho
    Veterinary Parasitology: Regional Studies and Reports.2024; 51: 101035.     CrossRef
  • Characterization of Echinostoma spp. (Trematoda: Echinostomatidae Looss, 1899) infecting ducks in south-eastern Australia
    Madeleine Ray, Michael Trinidad, Nidhish Francis, Shokoofeh Shamsi
    International Journal of Food Microbiology.2024; 421: 110754.     CrossRef
  • Genetic diversity and population structure of the helminths intermediate host Anentome helena (von dem Busch, 1847) in northern Thailand
    Nithinan Chomchoei, Chalobol Wongsawad, Preeyaporn Butboonchoo, Nattawadee Nantarat
    Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine.2024; 17(12): 536.     CrossRef
  • High endemicity of Opisthorchis viverrini infection among people in northern Cambodia confirmed by adult worm expulsion
    Bong-Kwang Jung, Sooji Hong, Taehee Chang, Jaeeun Cho, Seungwan Ryoo, Keon Hoon Lee, Jeonggyu Lee, Woon-Mok Sohn, Sung-Jong Hong, Virak Khieu, Rekol Huy, Jong-Yil Chai
    Scientific Reports.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • High diversity of trematode metacercariae that parasitize freshwater gastropods in Bangkok, Thailand, and their infective situations, morphologies and phylogenetic relationships
    Pichit Wiroonpan, Thapana Chontananarth, Jong-Yil Chai, Watchariya Purivirojkul
    Parasitology.2022; 149(7): 913.     CrossRef
  • Neglected food-borne trematodiases: echinostomiasis and gastrodiscoidiasis
    Rafael Toledo, María Álvarez-Izquierdo, J. Guillermo Esteban, Carla Muñoz-Antoli
    Parasitology.2022; 149(10): 1319.     CrossRef
  • General overview of the current status of human foodborne trematodiasis
    Jong-Yil Chai, Bong-Kwang Jung
    Parasitology.2022; 149(10): 1262.     CrossRef
  • Echinostoma mekongi: Discovery of Its Metacercarial Stage in Snails, Filopaludina martensi cambodjensis, in Pursat Province, Cambodia
    Jong-Yil Chai, Woon-Mok Sohn, Jaeeun Cho, Bong-Kwang Jung, Taehee Chang, Keon Hoon Lee, Virak Khieu, Rekol Huy
    The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2021; 59(1): 47.     CrossRef
  • Echinostoma miyagawai Ishii, 1932 (Echinostomatidae) from Ducks in Aceh Province, Indonesia with Special Reference to Its Synonymy with Echinostoma robustum Yamaguti, 1935
    Jong-Yil Chai, Bong-Kwang Jung, Taehee Chang, Hyejoo Shin, Jaeeun Cho, Jin-Youp Ryu, Hyun-Seung Kim, Kwanghoon Park, Mun-Hyoo Jeong, Eui-Hyug Hoang, Marzuki Bin Muhammad Abdullah
    The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2021; 59(1): 35.     CrossRef
  • Acanthoparyphium shinanense n. sp. (Digenea: Echinostomatidae) from Experimental Chicks Infected with Metacercariae Encysted in Brackish Water Clams in the Republic of Korea
    Seungwan Ryoo, Bong-Kwang Jung, Taehee Chang, Sooji Hong, Hyejoo Shin, Jong-Yil Chai
    The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2021; 59(4): 341.     CrossRef
  • Taxonomy of Echinostoma revolutum and 37-Collar-Spined Echinostoma spp.: A Historical Review
    Jong-Yil Chai, Jaeeun Cho, Taehee Chang, Bong-Kwang Jung, Woon-Mok Sohn
    The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2020; 58(4): 343.     CrossRef
  • 7,553 View
  • 148 Download
  • 17 Web of Science
  • Crossref
Seroprevalence of Tissue and Luminal Helminths among Patients in Hanoi Medical University Hospital, Vietnam, 2018
Nguyen Van De, Pham Ngoc Minh, Nguyen Ngoc Bich, Jong-Yil Chai
Korean J Parasitol 2020;58(4):387-392.
Published online August 25, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2020.58.4.387
A serological survey was performed using ELISA to estimate the prevalence of tissue and luminal helminthic infections among hospital patients in Hanoi region, Vietnam. An overall seroprevalence of tissue and luminal helminthiases was 64.0% (95% CI 61.2-66.8) among 1,120 patients who visited Hanoi Medical University Hospital, Vietnam in 2018. The highest seroprevalence was observed against Toxocara spp. (59.0%), followed by Strongyloides stercoralis (46.3%), Gnathostoma spp. (25.5%), cysticercus (12.8%), Angiostrongylus cantonensis (10.5%), Fasciola spp. (11.1%), and Clonorchis sinensis (8.7%). Mono-infection by one species (11.1%) was lower than multiple infections (53.0%) (P<0.05). The seroprevalence in males (59.3%) was lower than in females (66.2%) but not statistically significant (P>0.05). Children (<15 years) revealed lower seroprevalence (34.0%) than adults (68.4%), and the age group 51-70 years revealed the highest seroprevalence (76.0%). Among the seropositive patients, eosinophilia (≥8.0%) was noted in 80.2%. The present results suggested active transmission of various tissue and luminal helminths among people in Hanoi, Vietnam.

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  • Seroprevalence and associated risk factors of human fascioliasis in Yen Bai and Thanh Hoa provinces, Vietnam
    Thao Thi Bich Nguyen, Hafid Dahma, Veronique Dermauw, Dung Thi Bui, Bertrand Losson, Pierre Dorny, Dung Trung Do, Olivier Vandenberg
    Parasitology International.2026; 112: 103219.     CrossRef
  • Toxocara seroprevalence among suspected patients across different geographical regions in Vietnam: A retrospective study
    Trinh Thi Que, Tran Van Chieu, Trieu Thuy Anh, Pham Van Ngai, Pham Van Tran, Nguyen Thai Son, Do Ngoc Anh
    Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The seroprevalence of toxocariasis and related risk factors in children in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam: results from a school-based cross-sectional study
    Thieu V Ha, Tien T N Vo, Duy K H Dang, Y M L Tran, Thanh V Kim, Duc H Le, Lan-Anh T Do, Hong K Tang
    Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.2024; 118(6): 384.     CrossRef
  • Fasciola spp. in Southeast Asia: A systematic review
    Vinh Hoang Quang, Bruno Levecke, Dung Do Trung, Brecht Devleesschauwer, Binh Vu Thi Lam, Kathy Goossens, Katja Polman, Steven Callens, Pierre Dorny, Veronique Dermauw, Krystyna Cwiklinski
    PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases.2024; 18(1): e0011904.     CrossRef
  • Fascioliasis, una zoonosis emergente en Perú y el mundo: factores asociados a la infección en niños de edad escolar
    A. Valderrama–Pomé
    Revista de la Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y de Zootecnia.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Prevalence of Strongyloides in Southeast Asia: a systematic review and meta-analysis with implications for public health and sustainable control strategies
    Abigail Hui En Chan, Teera Kusolsuk, Dorn Watthanakulpanich, Wallop Pakdee, Pham Ngoc Doanh, Azlin Mohd Yasin, Paron Dekumyoy, Urusa Thaenkham
    Infectious Diseases of Poverty.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Seroprevalence of toxocariasis among allergic patients in Kuwait and its association with eosinophilia
    Mohammad Al-Awadhi, Wafaa Jamal
    Parasite Epidemiology and Control.2022; 18: e00260.     CrossRef

  • Human Fascioliasis: Current Epidemiological Status and Strategies for Diagnosis, Treatment, and Control


    Maria Alejandra Caravedo, Miguel Cabada
    Research and Reports in Tropical Medicine.2020; Volume 11: 149.     CrossRef
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  • 112 Download
  • 9 Web of Science
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Invited Review

Taxonomy of Echinostoma revolutum and 37-Collar-Spined Echinostoma spp.: A Historical Review
Jong-Yil Chai, Jaeeun Cho, Taehee Chang, Bong-Kwang Jung, Woon-Mok Sohn
Korean J Parasitol 2020;58(4):343-371.
Published online August 25, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2020.58.4.343
Echinostoma flukes armed with 37 collar spines on their head collar are called as 37-collar-spined Echinostoma spp. (group) or ‘Echinostoma revolutum group’. At least 56 nominal species have been described in this group. However, many of them were morphologically close to and difficult to distinguish from the other, thus synonymized with the others. However, some of the synonymies were disagreed by other researchers, and taxonomic debates have been continued. Fortunately, recent development of molecular techniques, in particular, sequencing of the mitochondrial (nad1 and cox1) and nuclear genes (ITS region; ITS1-5.8S-ITS2), has enabled us to obtain highly useful data on phylogenetic relationships of these 37-collar-spined Echinostoma spp. Thus, 16 different species are currently acknowledged to be valid worldwide, which include E. revolutum, E. bolschewense, E. caproni, E. cinetorchis, E. deserticum, E. lindoense, E. luisreyi, E. mekongi, E. miyagawai, E. nasincovae, E. novaezealandense, E. paraensei, E. paraulum, E. robustum, E. trivolvis, and Echinostoma sp. IG of Georgieva et al., 2013. The validity of the other 10 species is retained until further evaluation, including molecular analyses; E. acuticauda, E. barbosai, E. chloephagae, E. echinatum, E. jurini, E. nudicaudatum, E. parvocirrus, E. pinnicaudatum, E. ralli, and E. rodriguesi. In this review, the history of discovery and taxonomic debates on these 26 valid or validity-retained species are briefly reviewed.

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  • Development of a duplex loop-mediated isothermal amplification together with lateral flow dipstick assay for the detection and discrimination of parasitic infections in chickens between cestodes belonging to genus Raillietina and trematodes in family Echi
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    Thanh Hoa Le, Linh Thi Khanh Pham, Dong Van Quyen, Khue Thi Nguyen, Huong Thi Thanh Doan, Weerachai Saijuntha, David Blair
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  • Development and utilization of a visual loop-mediated isothermal amplification coupled with a lateral flow dipstick (LAMP-LFD) assay for rapid detection of Echinostomatidae metacercaria in edible snail samples
    Wasin Panich, Phonkawin Jaruboonyakorn, Awika Raksaman, Thanawan Tejangkura, Thapana Chontananarth
    International Journal of Food Microbiology.2024; 418: 110732.     CrossRef
  • First molecular insights into gastrointestinal helminths of domestic birds in the Caspian Sea Littoral of Iran with an emphasis on the One Health concern
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    Egie E. Enabulele, Scott P. Lawton, Anthony J. Walker, Ruth S. Kirk, Hudson Alves Pinto
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  • A new species ofEchinostoma(Trematoda: Echinostomatidae) from the ‘revolutum’ group found in Brazil: refuting the occurrence ofEchinostoma miyagawai(=E. robustum) in the Americas
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    The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2021; 59(1): 35.     CrossRef
  • Echinostoma mekongi: Discovery of Its Metacercarial Stage in Snails, Filopaludina martensi cambodjensis, in Pursat Province, Cambodia
    Jong-Yil Chai, Woon-Mok Sohn, Jaeeun Cho, Bong-Kwang Jung, Taehee Chang, Keon Hoon Lee, Virak Khieu, Rekol Huy
    The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2021; 59(1): 47.     CrossRef
  • On the Helminth Fauna of the Muskrat (Ondatra zibethicus (Linnaeus, 1766)) in the Barnim District of Brandenburg State/Germany
    Rolf K. Schuster, Peter Specht, Siegfried Rieger
    Animals.2021; 11(8): 2444.     CrossRef
  • Echinostoma mekongi n. sp. (Digenea: Echinostomatidae) from Riparian People along the Mekong River in Cambodia
    Jaeeun Cho, Bong-Kwang Jung, Taehee Chang, Woon-Mok Sohn, Muth Sinuon, Jong-Yil Chai
    The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2020; 58(4): 431.     CrossRef
  • 9,451 View
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  • 19 Web of Science
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Brief Communications

Molecular Detection and Subtyping of Human Blastocystis and the Clinical Implications: Comparisons between Diarrheal and Non-diarrheal Groups in Korean Populations
Moon-Ju Kim, Eun Jeong Won, Soo Hyun Kim, Jong Hee Shin, Jong-Yil Chai
Korean J Parasitol 2020;58(3):321-326.
Published online June 26, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2020.58.3.321
Blastocystis has recently been recognized as the most common eukaryotic microbe of the human gut. We investigated the prevalence of Blastocystis and their subtypes in diarrheal and non-diarrheal groups and the associated clinical parameters. A total of 324 stool samples were obtained from 196 diarrheal and 128 non-diarrheal subjects. Blastocystis subtypes were determined by sequencing the small subunit ribosomal DNA (SSU rRNA) gene. Demographic, clinical and laboratory data were collected and analyzed by diarrhea and Blastocystis status. The overall rate of Blastocystis positivity was 9.0% (29/324) but was significantly higher in the non-diarrheal group (18.0% vs. 3.1%, P<0.0001). Of the 6 Blastocystis-positive diarrheal patients, 3 (50.0%), none (0.0%), 2 (33.3%), and 1 (16.7%) were infected with subtypes ST1, ST2, ST3, and multiple subtypes, respectively. Of the 23 Blastocystis-positive non-diarrheal patients, 4 (17.4%), 1 (4.3%), and 18 (78.3%) were infected with subtypes ST1, ST2, and ST3, respectively. Blastocystis was less common in the diarrheal than the non-diarrheal group (odds ratio, 0.144; 95% confidence interval, 0.057?0.365, P<0.001). Of the 3 subtypes, ST3 was more frequently observed in the non-diarrheal than diarrheal group (78.3% vs. 33.3%, P=0.0341). Collectively, Blastocystis was found in both the diarrheal and non-diarrheal groups and ST3 was the most common subtype in Korea.

Citations

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  • Effect of antibiotic administration on Blastocystis persistence and gut microbiome–metabolome dynamics in an irritable bowel syndrome longitudinal case study
    Jamie M. Newton, William J.S. Edwards, Gary S. Thompson, Eleni Gentekaki, Anastasios D. Tsaousis
    Access Microbiology .2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • A Systematic Review about the Efficacy of Antiparasitic Agents in the Treatment of Blastocystis Species
    Özlem Ulusan Bağcı, Gülay Aral Akarsu
    Acta Parasitologica.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Molecular Prevalence of Blastocystis sp. from Patients with Diarrhea in the Republic of Korea
    Ji-Young Kwon, Jong-Hoon Choi, Hee-Il Lee, Jung-Won Ju, Myoung-Ro Lee
    Microorganisms.2024; 12(3): 523.     CrossRef
  • Subtype Distribution of Blastocystis spp. in Patients with Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Northern Spain
    Cristina Matovelle, Joaquín Quílez, María Teresa Tejedor, Antonio Beltrán, Patricia Chueca, Luis Vicente Monteagudo
    Microorganisms.2024; 12(6): 1084.     CrossRef
  • Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis: Epidemiology of Human Blastocystis spp. Infection in Malaysia
    Vinoth Kumarasamy, Arutchelvan Rajamanikam, Deepa Anbazhagan, Wahib Mohammed Atroosh, Meram Azzani, Vetriselvan Subramaniyan, Syamsa Rizal Abdullah
    Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease.2023; 8(8): 415.     CrossRef
  • Prevalence of Blastocystis and Dientamoeba fragilis in diarrheal patients in Corum, Türkiye
    Ayşe Semra Gureser, Djursun Karasartova, Fakhiriddin Sarzhanov, Nezahat Kosar, Aysegul Taylan-Ozkan, Funda Dogruman-Al
    Parasitology Research.2023; 122(12): 2977.     CrossRef
  • First Report ofBlastocystisspp. Infection in Pet Birds in Henan Province, Central China
    Changwei Su, Xuefang Mei, Lai Wei, Fuqiang Zhang, Jiawen Wang, Yuan Chang, Mingyong Wang, Xiaowei Tian, Zhenchao Zhang, Xiangrui Li, Shuai Wang
    Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases.2022; 22(7): 370.     CrossRef
  • Prevalence and Associated Factors of Blastocystis sp. Infection in Patients with Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Spain: A Case-Control Study
    Cristina Matovelle, María Teresa Tejedor, Luis Vicente Monteagudo, Antonio Beltrán, Joaquín Quílez
    Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease.2022; 7(9): 226.     CrossRef
  • Prevalence and molecular subtyping of Blastocystis sp. in rabbits in Henan, Central China
    Changwei Su, Xuefang Mei, Xia Feng, Fuqiang Zhang, Pei Wang, Bo He, Fuyang Xu, Zishan Yang, Xiaowei Tian, Zhenchao Zhang, Xiangrui Li, Shuai Wang
    Folia Parasitologica.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Molecular identification and subtyping of Blastocystis sp. in hospital patients in Central China
    Junqiang Li, Haiju Dong, Md Robiul Karim, Xianli Yang, Liqin Chao, Shuai Liu, Hairong Song, Longxian Zhang
    European Journal of Protistology.2021; 79: 125796.     CrossRef
  • Genotypes of Blastocystis sp. among elderly health checkup people in South Korea with a questionnaire on risk factors
    Taehee Chang, Bong-Kwang Jung, Hyejoo Shin, Sooji Hong, Seungwan Ryoo, Jeonggyu Lee, Seihee Han, Sun Min Park, Min-Suk Rhee, Heejin Kimm, Sun Ha Jee, Jong-Yil Chai
    Parasitology Research.2021; 120(9): 3297.     CrossRef
  • The Coexistence of Blastocystis spp. in Humans, Animals and Environmental Sources from 2010–2021 in Asia
    Adedolapo Aminat Rauff-Adedotun, Farah Haziqah Meor Termizi, Nurshafarina Shaari, Ii Li Lee
    Biology.2021; 10(10): 990.     CrossRef
  • Metabolic Fluctuations in the Human Stool Obtained from Blastocystis Carriers and Non-Carriers
    Emma L. Betts, Jamie M. Newton, Gary S. Thompson, Fakhriddin Sarzhanov, Vasana Jinatham, Moon-Ju Kim, Siam Popluechai, Funda Dogruman-Al, Eun-Jeong Won, Eleni Gentekaki, Anastasios D. Tsaousis
    Metabolites.2021; 11(12): 883.     CrossRef
  • Gut Microbiome Profiles in Colonizations with the Enteric Protozoa Blastocystis in Korean Populations
    Moon-Ju Kim, Yu Jeong Lee, Tae-Jong Kim, Eun Jeong Won
    Microorganisms.2021; 10(1): 34.     CrossRef
  • Genetic Analysis of Zoonotic Gastrointestinal Protozoa and Microsporidia in Shelter Cats in South Korea
    Dongmi Kwak, Min-Goo Seo
    Pathogens.2020; 9(11): 894.     CrossRef
  • 5,651 View
  • 141 Download
  • 16 Web of Science
  • Crossref
Molecular Diagnosis of Taenia saginata Tapeworms from Two Residents of Northern Cambodia
Taehee Chang, Bong-Kwang Jung, Woon-Mok Sohn, Sooji Hong, Hyejoo Shin, Seungwan Ryoo, Jeonggyu Lee, Keon Hoon Lee, Virak Khieu, Rekol Huy, Jong-Yil Chai
Korean J Parasitol 2020;58(2):201-204.
Published online April 30, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2020.58.2.201
Taenia saginata infection has seldom been reported in Cambodia. In this study, we performed a survey of intestinal parasites in 1,156 residents of Preah Vihear and Stung Treng Provinces in 2018. The results revealed that 26 (2.4%) cases were positive for Taenia spp. eggs. In order to obtain the strobilae of the tapeworms, 2 patients in Preah Vihear were treated with praziquantel and purged with magnesium salts. The proglottids expelled after the medication were morphologically and molecularly analyzed to determine the species. The main uterine lateral braches in gravid proglottids were >15 in number suggesting that they are either T. saginata or Taenia asiatica. The sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) gene and 2 nuclear loci, elongation factor-1 alpha (ef1) and ezrin-radixin-moesin-like protein (elp), were identical to the sequences of T. saginata available in GenBank but distant from Taenia solium, T. asiatica, and T. saginata-T. asiatica hybrid. This is the first report of the presence of T. saginata in the northern part of Cambodia bordering Lao PDR based on a molecular confirmation.

Citations

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  • High endemicity of Opisthorchis viverrini infection among people in northern Cambodia confirmed by adult worm expulsion
    Bong-Kwang Jung, Sooji Hong, Taehee Chang, Jaeeun Cho, Seungwan Ryoo, Keon Hoon Lee, Jeonggyu Lee, Woon-Mok Sohn, Sung-Jong Hong, Virak Khieu, Rekol Huy, Jong-Yil Chai
    Scientific Reports.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Occurrence of a Hybrid Between Taenia saginata and Taenia asiatica Tapeworms in Cambodia
    Taehee Chang, Bong-Kwang Jung, Sooji Hong, Hyejoo Shin, Seungwan Ryoo, Jeonggyu Lee, Keon Hoon Lee, Hansol Park, Keeseon S. Eom, Virak Khieu, Rekol Huy, Woon-Mok Sohn, Jong-Yil Chai
    The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2021; 59(2): 179.     CrossRef
  • Morphological and Molecular Diagnosis of Necator americanus and Ancylostoma ceylanicum Recovered from Villagers in Northern Cambodia
    Taehee Chang, Bong-Kwang Jung, Woon-Mok Sohn, Sooji Hong, Hyejoo Shin, Seungwan Ryoo, Jeonggyu Lee, Keon Hoon Lee, Virak Khieu, Rekol Huy, Jong-Yil Chai
    The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2020; 58(6): 619.     CrossRef
  • 7,756 View
  • 155 Download
  • 6 Web of Science
  • Crossref
Effect of Mass Drug Administration with a Single Dose of Albendazole on Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura Infection among Schoolchildren in Yangon Region, Myanmar
Jong-Yil Chai, Woon-Mok Sohn, Sung-Jong Hong, Bong-Kwang Jung, Sooji Hong, Seon Cho, Jong-Bok Park, In-Sung Kim, Sunkyoung Kim, Keon-Hoon Lee, Hoo-Gn Jeoung, Thi Thi Htoon, Htay Htay Tin
Korean J Parasitol 2020;58(2):195-200.
Published online April 30, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2020.58.2.195
Soil-transmitted helminths, including Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura, are important intestinal parasites mostly affecting younger people in developing countries. In 2014-2015, we performed mass fecal examinations targeting a total of 2,227 schoolchildren in 3 districts (South Dagon, North Dagon, and Hlaing-thar-yar) of Yangon Region, Myanmar, using the Kato-Katz thick smear technique. The egg positive children were subjected to a mass drug administration (MDA) using a single oral dose of 400 mg albendazole. The pre-treatment egg positive rate (EPG/person) of A. lumbricoides averaged 17.2% (15,532); it was 25.2% (21,796), 14.2% (11,816), and 12.8% (12,983) in 3 districts, respectively, and that of T. trichiura averaged 19.4% (1,074), and was 24.1% (1,040), 12.3% (852), and 21.2% (1,330) in 3 districts, respectively. Follow-up fecal examinations performed 4 months post-MDA revealed considerable decreases of A. lumbricoides prevalence (EPG/person) to av. 8.3% (12,429), and 13.7% (17,640), 8.0% (7,797), and 4.5% (11,849) in 3 districts, respectively. However, T. trichiura did not show any recognizable decrease in the prevalence (EPG/person) remaining at av. 18.2% (862), and 18.5% (888), 11.5% (812), and 23.3% (887) in 3 districts, respectively. The results demonstrated difficulty in short-term control of T. trichiura by MDA using albendazole and suggested necessity of either a long-term MDA (>10 years) or changing the albendazole regimen into 2~3-day course (total 800 or 1,200 mg), or using an alternative drug/drug combination.

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    Nikunja Kumar Das, Sahjid Mukhida, Sriram Kannuri, Sameena Khan, Rajashri Patil
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    Rizqiani Amalia Kusumasari, Hanindyo Adi, Tri Baskoro Tunggul Satoto, Abdul Wahab, E. Elsa Herdiana Murhandarwati
    BMC Public Health.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Epidemiology of soil-transmitted helminthiasis among school-aged children in pastoralist communities of Kenya: A cross-sectional study
    Richelle W. Kihoro, Damaris Mulewa, Collins Okoyo, Dominic Ayaa, Agnes Korir, Doris W. Njomo, Charles Mwandawiro, Janet Masaku, Emmanuel Timmy Donkoh
    PLOS ONE.2024; 19(5): e0304266.     CrossRef
  • Standard- and large-sized eggs of Trichuris trichiura in the feces of schoolchildren in the Yangon Region, Myanmar: Morphological and molecular analyses
    Seungwan Ryoo, Bong-Kwang Jung, Sooji Hong, Hyejoo Shin, Hyemi Song, Hyun-Seung Kim, Jin-Youp Ryu, Woon-Mok Sohn, Sung-Jong Hong, Thi Thi Htoon, Htay Htay Tin, Jong-Yil Chai
    Parasites, Hosts and Diseases.2023; 61(3): 317.     CrossRef
  • Parasitic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Track and Liver
    Annie L. Braseth, David E. Elliott, M. Nedim Ince
    Gastroenterology Clinics of North America.2021; 50(2): 361.     CrossRef
  • Albendazole and Mebendazole as Anti-Parasitic and Anti-Cancer Agents: an Update
    Jong-Yil Chai, Bong-Kwang Jung, Sung-Jong Hong
    The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2021; 59(3): 189.     CrossRef
  • Occurrence of gastrointestinal helminths and the first molecular detection of Ancylostoma ceylanicum, Trichuris trichiura, and Trichuris vulpis in dogs in Myanmar
    Lat Lat Htun, Sandar Thu Rein, Shwe Yee Win, Nyein Chan Soe, Su Su Thein, Yadanar Khaing, Yu Nandi Thaw, Hla Myet Chel, Myint Myint Hmoon, Saw Bawm
    Parasitology Research.2021; 120(10): 3619.     CrossRef
  • Failure of Repeated MDA with Albendazole for Trichuriasis Control in Schoolchildren of the Yangon Region, Myanmar
    Sooji Hong, Bong-Kwang Jung, Hyemi Song, Jaeeun Cho, Woon-Mok Sohn, Sung-Jong Hong, Jin-Youp Ryu, Hyun-Seung Kim, Mun-Hyoo Jeong, Thi Thi Htoon, Htay Htay Tin, Jong-Yil Chai
    The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2021; 59(6): 607.     CrossRef
  • Necrotizing pancreatitis due to Ascaris lumbricoides: Causes, diagnosis, and current treatment
    Silvia Carolina Barbosa Valenzuela, Maite Lubian Nieto del Río, Daniela Ramirez, José Ariza Daza, Wilmar Montañez Coronado, Laura Alvarado
    Revista colombiana de Gastroenterología.2021; 36(4): 514.     CrossRef
  • Larval Gnathostomes and Zoonotic Trematode Metacercariae in Fish from a Local Market in Yangon City, Myanmar
    Jong-Yil Chai, Bong-Kwang Jung, Keon Hoon Lee, Jin-Youp Ryu, Hyeon-Seung Kim, Sung-Jong Hong, Thi Thi Htoon, Htay Htay Tin, Byoung-Kuk Na, Woon-Mok Sohn
    The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2020; 58(6): 701.     CrossRef
  • 6,790 View
  • 157 Download
  • 8 Web of Science
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Immunogenicity of Exosomes from Dendritic Cells Stimulated with Toxoplasma gondii Lysates in Ocularly Immunized Mice
Bong-Kwang Jung, Eun-Do Kim, Hyemi Song, Jong-Yil Chai, Kyoung Yul Seo
Korean J Parasitol 2020;58(2):185-189.
Published online April 30, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2020.58.2.185
Immunogenicity of dendritic cell-derived exosomes stimulated with Toxoplasma gondii lysates (TLA exo), mixed with cholera toxin as an adjuvant, was investigated in mice immunized via 2 mucosal routes (ocular vs intranasal). BALB/c mice were injected 3 times with TLA exo vaccine at 2 week interval, and the levels of IgG in serum and IgA in tear, saliva, feces, and vaginal wash were measured. To observe the expression of T. gondii-specific B1 gene, mice infected with ME49 T. gondii cysts were immunized with TLA exo or PBS exo (not stimulated with TLA), and their brain tissues were examined. The mice vaccinated via intranasal route elicited significantly higher humoral and mucosal immune responses compared with mice treated with PBS alone. Also, mice immunized via ocular route (by eyedrop) induced significantly higher T. gondii-specific IgG in serum and IgA in tear and feces in comparison with PBS controls. B1 gene expression was significantly lower in TLA exo vaccinated mice than in PBS or PBS exo vaccinated mice. These results demonstrated that ocular immunization of mice with TLA exo vaccine has the potential to stimulate systemic or local antibody responses. This study also highlighted an advantage of an eyedrop vaccine as an alternative for T. gondii intranasal vaccines.

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    Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy.2023; 162: 114615.     CrossRef
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    Journal of Reproductive Immunology.2023; 158: 103957.     CrossRef
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    Jihei Sara Lee, Sangchul Yoon, Soo Jung Han, Eun-Do Kim, Jiyeon Kim, Hae-Sol Shin, Kyoung Yul Seo
    Expert Review of Vaccines.2022; 21(1): 91.     CrossRef
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    Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Advanced Science.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
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Original Article

Effectiveness of Mass Drug Administration on Neglected Tropical Diseases in Schoolchildren in Zanzibar, Tanzania
Ju Yeong Kim, Seobo Sim, Eun Joo Chung, Han-Jong Rim, Jong-Yil Chai, Duk-Young Min, Keeseon S. Eom, Khalfan A. Mohammed, Iddi S. Khamis, Tai-Soon Yong
Korean J Parasitol 2020;58(2):109-119.
Published online April 30, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2020.58.2.109
Soil-transmitted helminths and Schistosoma haematobium affect more than 3 billion people globally and mainly occur in sub-Saharan Africa. The present study assessed the overall infection status of a 1716-student cohort of school-children in Zanzibar and applied mass drug administration (MDA) to the cohort from 2007 to 2009. Schools in Pemba, Zanzibar, had a much higher prevalence of soil-transmitted helminth infections than those in Unguja, and the Chaani, Ghana, and Machui schools of Unguja exhibited high S. haematobium infection rates. The MDA program only partially controlled parasite infections, owing to high rates of re-infection. The infection rate of S. haematobium across all 10 schools, for example, was only reduced by 1.8%, and even this change not significant, even though the S. haematobiuminfection rates of the Chaani and Mzambarauni schools were significantly reduced from 64.4 and 23.4%, respectively, at the first screening, to 7.3 and 2.3% at the last screening. The overall infection rate of Ascaris lumbricoides was reduced from 36.0% at the first screening to 22.6% at the last screening. However, the infection rates for both Trichuris trichiuraand hookworm were generally unaffected by MDA. In the future, parasite control programs should involve strategically designed MDA schedules and holistic intervention (e.g., sanitation improvement, hygiene behavior changes, and control of intermediated hosts).

Citations

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    Maryline Vere, Wilma ten Ham-Baloyi, Paula Ezinne Melariri, Raquel Inocencio da Luz
    PLOS ONE.2024; 19(5): e0301464.     CrossRef
  • Soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections in the Wolaita zone in Southern Ethiopia: mid-stage evaluation of the Geshiyaro project and progress towards the interruption of transmission
    Birhan Mengistu, Ewnetu Firdawek Liyew, Melkie Chernet, Geremew Tasew, Rosie Maddren, Benjamin Collyer, Ufaysa Anjulo, Adugna Tamiru, Kathryn Forbes, Zelalem Mehari, Kebede Deribe, Teshale Yadeta, Mihretab Salasibew, Getachew Tollera, Roy Anderson
    Parasites & Vectors.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Parasitic helminth infections in humans modulate Trefoil Factor levels in a manner dependent on the species of parasite and age of the host
    Babatunde Adewale, Jonathan R. Heintz, Christopher F. Pastore, Heather L. Rossi, Li-Yin Hung, Nurudeen Rahman, Jeff Bethony, David Diemert, James Ayorinde Babatunde, De’Broski R. Herbert, Subash Babu
    PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases.2021; 15(10): e0009550.     CrossRef
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  • 181 Download
  • 4 Web of Science
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Brief Communications

Morphological and Molecular Confirmation of Parvatrema duboisi Metacercariae in the Manila Clam Ruditapes philippinarum from Gochang-gun, Korea
Taehee Chang, Bong-Kwang Jung, Hyejoo Shin, Sooji Hong, Jeonggyu Lee, Deok-Gyu Kim, Laddawan Patarwut, Woon-Mok Sohn, Jong-Yil Chai
Korean J Parasitol 2020;58(1):87-91.
Published online February 29, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2020.58.1.87
Gymnophallid metacercariae found in the Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum (‘Banjirak’ in Korean) from Gochang-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Korea were morphologically and molecularly confirmed to be Parvatrema duboisi (Dollfus, 1923) Bartoli, 1974. The metacercariae were morphologically characterized by having a large oral sucker, small ventral sucker, genital pore some distance anterior to the ventral sucker, no ventral pit, and 1 compact or slightly lobed vitellarium, which were all compatible with P. duboisi. Some of the metacercariae were experimentally fed to mice, and adult flukes were recovered at day 7 post-infection. The morphology of the adult flukes was basically the same as that of the metacercariae except for the presence of uterine eggs; the uterus was filled with up to 40 eggs. The nucleotide sequences (1,193 bp) from ITS regions (ITS1, 5.8S rDNA, and ITS2) of the metacercariae showed 99.7% identity with P. duboisi and 75.7% identity with Gymnophalloides seoi deposited in GenBank. These results confirmed the presence of P. duboisi metacercariae in the Manila clam R. philippinarum in an estuary region of Gochang-gun, Korea.

Citations

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  • Survey of trematodes in Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum on the west coast of Korea: A preliminary study
    Cuong Thanh Le, Hee-Do Jeung, Young-Ghan Cho, Kwang-Sik Choi
    Journal of Invertebrate Pathology.2024; 206: 108172.     CrossRef
  • Description of a New Species of Bacciger (Digenea: Gymnophalloidea) Infecting the American Gizzard Shad, Dorosoma cepedianum (Lesueur, 1818), and Molecular Characterization of Cercaria rangiae Wardle, 1983, with Molecular Phylogeny of Related Digenea
    Stephen S. Curran, Micah B. Warren, Stephen A. Bullard
    Comparative Parasitology.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Parvatrema duboisi (Digenea: Gymnophallidae) Life Cycle Stages in Manila Clams, Ruditapes philippinarum, from Aphae-do (Island), Shinan-gun, Korea
    Bong-Kwang Jung, Taehee Chang, Hyejoo Shin, Seungwan Ryoo, Sooji Hong, Jeonggyu Lee, Hyemi Song, Jaeeun Cho, Deok-Gyu Kim, Hojong Jun, Min-Jae Kim, Eun Jeong Won, Eun-Taek Han, Eun-Hee Shin, Jong-Yil Chai
    The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2021; 59(1): 83.     CrossRef
  • Morphological and molecular characterization of larval digenean trematodes (Parvatrema: Gymnophallidae) and their pathological effects on the clam Leukoma thaca (=Protothaca thaca) (Bivalvia:Veneridae) (Molina, 1782) from northern Chile
    Diana Montenegro, María Soledad Romero, María Teresa González
    Parasitology International.2021; 80: 102238.     CrossRef
  • 5,869 View
  • 87 Download
  • 4 Web of Science
  • Crossref
Intestinal Flukes Recovered from a Herring Gull, Larus argentatus, in the Republic of Korea
Young-Il Lee, Min Seo, Jong-Yil Chai
Korean J Parasitol 2020;58(1):81-86.
Published online February 29, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2020.58.1.81
Trematode specimens were collected from the intestine of a herring gull, Larus argentatus, which was found in a critical condition on the shore of a small island (Yubu-do, Seocheon-gun, Chungcheongnam-do) located at the western coast of the Korean peninsula. Total 11 specimens of intestinal flukes, including 3 Cryptocotyle lingua (Heterophyidae), 1 Himasthla alincia (Echinostomatidae), 5 Cardiocephaloides medioconiger (Strigeidae), and 2 Diplostomum spathaceum (Diplostomidae), were recovered. C. lingua was morphologically characterized by the presence of a large ventrogenital apparatus and 2 obliquely tandem testes. H. alincia had an elongated body and a head collar equipped with 31 collar spines. C. medioconiger had a bisegmented body and a voluminous copulatory bursa containing the seminal vesicle and ejaculatory duct. D. spathaceum also had a bisegmented body and its vitellaria extended up to the anterior border of the tribocytic organ. It is of note that C. lingua is potentially zoonotic that can occur in birds and humans. Three of them, i.e., C. lingua, C. medioconiger, and D. spathaceum, are new trematode fauna in Korea. Studies on trematode fauna of migratory birds should be continued in Korea.

Citations

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  • Identification tools of Diplostomum spathaceum Rudolphi, 1819 (Diplostomida: Diplostomidae), a trematode parasite of herring gull (Larus argentatus)
    E. Alshehri, R. Abdel-Gaber, S. Al-Quraishy
    Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Infection of Atlantic tripletail Lobotes surinamensis (Teleostei: Lobotidae) by brain metacercariae Cardiocephaloides medioconiger (Digenea: Strigeidae)
    Isaure de Buron, Kristina M. Hill-Spanik, Tiffany Baker, Gabrielle Fignar, Jason Broach
    PeerJ.2023; 11: e15365.     CrossRef
  • Biogeographical Aspects of Helminths Parasitizing Barents Sea Birds: Spatial Distribution and Host Preferences
    V. V. Kuklin
    Biology Bulletin.2022; 49(9): 1570.     CrossRef
  • Cryptokotyle lühe, 1899 (trematoda: heterophyidae): special characteristics of developmental biology and epizootiology
    S. Honcharov, N. Soroka, A. Dubovyi, M. Galat
    Agricultural Science and Practice.2022; 9(1): 50.     CrossRef
  • Cryptocotyle lata (Trematoda: Heterophyidae) Adult from a Korean Raccoon Dog, Nyctereutes procyonoides koreensis
    Heon Woo Lee, Eui Ju Hong, Hyeon Cheol Kim, Si Yun Ryu, Bae Keun Park
    The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2021; 59(6): 645.     CrossRef
  • 7,696 View
  • 141 Download
  • 8 Web of Science
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Echinostoma aegyptica (Trematoda: Echinostomatidae) Infection in Five Riparian People in Savannakhet Province, Lao PDR
Jong-Yil Chai, Bong-Kwang Jung, Taehee Chang, Hyejoo Shin, Woon-Mok Sohn, Keeseon S. Eom, Tai-Soon Yong, Duk-Young Min, Bounlay Phammasack, Bounnaloth Insisiengmay, Han-Jong Rim
Korean J Parasitol 2020;58(1):67-72.
Published online February 29, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2020.58.1.67
Human infection with Echinostoma aegyptica Khalil and Abaza, 1924 (Trematoda: Echinostomatidae) is extremely rare. In this study, we confirmed E. aegyptica infection in 5 riparian residents living along the Mekong River in Savannakhet Province, Lao PDR. The patients revealed eggs of Opisthorchis viverrini/minute intestinal flukes, echinostomes, and other parasites in fecal examinations using the Kato-Katz technique. Following treatment with praziquantel 30-40 mg/kg and pyrantel pamoate 10-15 mg/kg in a single dose and purging with magnesium salts, adult specimens of various helminth species were collected. Among the trematodes, echinostome flukes of 4.5-7.6 mm in length (n = 134; av. 22.3 specimens per case) were of taxonomic interest and subjected in this study. The flukes were morphologically characterized by having total 43-45 collar spines arranged in 2 alternating rows (corner spines usually 5 on each side) and compatible with previous descriptions of E. aegyptica. The patients were mixed-infected with other helminths, so specific clinical manifestations due to this echinostome fluke were difficult to determine. The present paper describes for the first time human E. aegyptica infections in Lao PDR. This is the second report of human infection (2nd-6th cases) with E. aegyptica in the world following the first one from China.

Citations

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  • High endemicity of Opisthorchis viverrini infection among people in northern Cambodia confirmed by adult worm expulsion
    Bong-Kwang Jung, Sooji Hong, Taehee Chang, Jaeeun Cho, Seungwan Ryoo, Keon Hoon Lee, Jeonggyu Lee, Woon-Mok Sohn, Sung-Jong Hong, Virak Khieu, Rekol Huy, Jong-Yil Chai
    Scientific Reports.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Neglected food-borne trematodiases: echinostomiasis and gastrodiscoidiasis
    Rafael Toledo, María Álvarez-Izquierdo, J. Guillermo Esteban, Carla Muñoz-Antoli
    Parasitology.2022; 149(10): 1319.     CrossRef
  • Echinostoma mekongi n. sp. (Digenea: Echinostomatidae) from Riparian People along the Mekong River in Cambodia
    Jaeeun Cho, Bong-Kwang Jung, Taehee Chang, Woon-Mok Sohn, Muth Sinuon, Jong-Yil Chai
    The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2020; 58(4): 431.     CrossRef
  • 8,078 View
  • 121 Download
  • 5 Web of Science
  • Crossref

Original Articles

Infections of Digenetic Trematode Metacercariae in Wrestling Halfbeak, Dermogenys pusilla from Bangkok Metropolitan Region in Thailand
Laddawan Patarwut, Thapana Chontananarth, Jong-Yil Chai, Watchariya Purivirojkul
Korean J Parasitol 2020;58(1):27-35.
Published online February 29, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2020.58.1.27
This study aimed to investigate metacercarial infections in the wrestling halfbeak, Dermogenys pusilla, collected from Bangkok metropolitan region of Thailand. A total of 4,501 fish from 78 study sites were commonly examined with muscle compression and digestion methods (only head part of fish) during September 2017 to July 2018. The overall prevalence of metacercarial infection was 86.1% (3,876/4,501 individuals), and the mean intensity was 48.9 metacercariae per fish infected. Four species, i.e., Posthodiplostomum sp., Stellantchasmus falcatus, Cyathocotylidae fam. sp., and Centrocestus formosanus, of digenetic trematode metacercariae (DTM) were detected. The prevalences were 65.8%, 52.0%, 2.1%, and 1.2%, respectively and their mean intensities were 23.1, 51.6, 1.4, and 3.2 per fish infected, respectively. The seasonal prevalences were 81.0% in winter, 87.8% in summer and 87.4% in rainy, and the mean intensities were 38.9, 46.6, and 55.2 metacercariae per fish infected, respectively. Conclusively, it was confirmed that the wrestling halfbeak play the role of second intermediate hosts of 4 species of digenetic trematodes including S. falcatus and Posthodiplostomum sp. in Bangkok metropolitan region. And then the metacercariae of C. formosanus and Cyathocotylidae fam. sp. are to be first found in the wrestling halfbeak by this study.

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  • Systemic infection of Prohemistomum vivax and Cyanodiplostomum encysted metacercariae in African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) from a heavily polluted drain at Giza, Egypt: morphological, molecular and histopathological study
    Alaa Eldin Eissa, Olfat A. Mahdy, Eman M. Abouelhassan, Rabia A. El Zlitne, Abdulsalam Abu Mhara, Asmaa K. Al-Mokaddem, Eman H. Rashwan, Reham H. Ragab, Nehal A. Younis
    Parasitology International.2026; 111: 103159.     CrossRef
  • Loop‐Mediated Isothermal Amplification Combined With Lateral‐Flow Dipstick for Detection of Centrocestus formosanus in Ornamental Fish
    Metawee Sabaijai, Thanawan Tejangkura, Thapana Chontananarth
    Journal of Fish Diseases.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Molecular detection of the zoonotic trematode Centrocestus formosanus (Nishigori, 1924) (Opisthorchiida, Heterophyidae) in Central Europe
    Ľubomír Šmiga, Júlia Šmigová, Federica Berrilli, Ingrid Papajová, Peter Lazár, Isabel Guadano-Procesi
    Veterinary Research Communications.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Prevalence of Foodborne Trematodes in Small Indigenous Fish Species in Local Markets of Phnom Penh, Cambodia
    Domenico Caruso, Lin Kong, Samnang Keo, Sreyni Yoeurn, Samphal Seng
    Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases.2024; 24(3): 141.     CrossRef
  • Alterations in histopathology and stress-associated gene expression induced by infection with Prohemistomum vivax encysted metacercariae in Nile tilapia
    Shimaa Abdelkhalek, Marwa M. Attia, Marwa A. Ibrahim, Reda M. S. Korany, Mohamed Abdelsalam, Dalia A. Abdel-moneam
    Aquaculture International.2024; 32(4): 5107.     CrossRef
  • Global distribution of zoonotic digenetic trematodes: a scoping review
    Yue Hu, Rong-Jian Zhan, Shi-Lin Lu, Yi-Yang Zhang, Min-Yu Zhou, Hui Huang, Ding-Ding Wang, Tao Zhang, Zi-Xin Huang, Yun-Fei Zhou, Zhi-Yue Lv
    Infectious Diseases of Poverty.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Prevalence and identification of cyathocotylid trematodes infecting African catfish in Egypt
    Asmaa M. I. Abuzeid, Mahmoud M. Hefni, Amal K. El-Gayar, Yue Huang, Guoqing Li
    Parasitology Research.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Identification and prevalence investigation of cyathocotylid trematode (Trematoda: Digenea: Cyathocotylidae) in Carassius auratus in Wuhu, China
    Feng Jiang, Wanyu Zhang, Yang Pan, Xudong Yu, Jiacheng Cao, Ningning Du, Mengyi Zhu, Shengli Gu, Xiaodong Zhan
    Veterinary Research Communications.2023; 47(3): 1185.     CrossRef
  • High diversity of trematode metacercariae that parasitize freshwater gastropods in Bangkok, Thailand, and their infective situations, morphologies and phylogenetic relationships
    Pichit Wiroonpan, Thapana Chontananarth, Jong-Yil Chai, Watchariya Purivirojkul
    Parasitology.2022; 149(7): 913.     CrossRef
  • Immune pathogenesis in pigeons during experimental Prohemistomum vivax infection
    Asmaa M. I. Abuzeid, Mahmoud M. Hefni, Yue Huang, Long He, Tingting Zhuang, Guoqing Li
    Frontiers in Veterinary Science.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Cercarial trematodes in freshwater snails from Bangkok, Thailand: prevalence, morphological and molecular studies and human parasite perspective
    Pichit Wiroonpan, Thapana Chontananarth, Watchariya Purivirojkul
    Parasitology.2021; 148(3): 366.     CrossRef
  • 9,807 View
  • 185 Download
  • 13 Web of Science
  • Crossref
Morphological and Molecular Characteristics of Anisakis typica Larvae in Two Species of Threadfin Bream, Nemipterus hexodon and N. japonicus, from the Gulf of Thailand
Rattanachai Tunya, Chalobol Wongsawad, Pheravut Wongsawad, Jong-Yil Chai
Korean J Parasitol 2020;58(1):15-25.
Published online February 29, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2020.58.1.15
The third stage larvae (L3) of Anisakis typica were detected in 2 species of threadfin bream, Nemipterus hexodon and N. japonicus, from the Gulf of Thailand, and were morphologically and molecularly characterized. Total 100 threadfin breams, 50 Nemipterus hexodon and 50 N. japonicus, were examined with naked eyes after the opening of abdominal cavity with scissors. Almost all infected larvae remained alive and active even the fish were transported for 1-2 days. Anisakid larvae were exclusively distributed in the body cavity and rarely in the liver. The prevalence of A. typica L3 were 68.0% and 60.0% in N. hexodon and N. japonicus and their infection intensities were 3.5 and 4.2 per fish infected each. Morphological and morphometric analysis were performed by viewing specimens under both a light microscope and a scanning electron microscope. Interestingly, the protruded mucron of Anisakis typica under SEM showed a distinct cylindrical shape that differed from the cone shape of A. simplex. The protruded mucron could be used to identify A. typica L3 larvae in the future. A comparison of the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 rDNA nucleotide sequences of these species revealed high blast scores with A. typica. Conclusively, it was confirmed that A. typica L3 are prevalent in threadfin breams from the Gulf of Thailand, and their morphological and molecular characters are something different from those of other anisakid larvae, including A. simplex and A. pegreffii.

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  • Invasion dynamics and ecological impacts of Anisakis typica in commercial fish from the Western Pacific Ocean
    Dhito Dwi Pramardika, Fadjar Satrija, Sulistiono Sulistiono, Risa Tiuria, Arifin Budiman Nugraha
    Veterinary World.2025; : 1365.     CrossRef
  • HOST SPECIFICITY, INFECTION DYNAMICS, AND ALLERGENICITY IN Anisakis SPP. INFESTATION: A REVIEW
    RUO YI LAM , MING SHE SEE , FAIZAH SHAROM-HARRISON, HAZLINA AHAMAD ZAKERI, NOR OMAIMA HARUN
    Universiti Malaysia Terengganu Journal of Undergraduate Research.2024; 6(2): 62.     CrossRef
  • Morphological and molecular identification of third-stage larvae of Anisakis typica (Nematoda: Anisakidae) from Red Sea coral trout, Plectropomus areolatus
    Nesma Abbas Mostafa, Fathy Abdel-Ghaffar, Hamed Omar Fayed, Ayat Adel Hassan
    Parasitology Research.2023; 122(3): 705.     CrossRef
  • Morphological and Molecular Characterization of Anisakid Nematode Larvae (Nematoda: Anisakidae) in the Black Cusk eel Genypterus maculatus from the Southeastern Pacific Ocean off Peru
    Jhon Darly Chero, Luis Ñacari, Celso Luis Cruces, David Fermín Lopez, Edson Cacique, Ruperto Severino, Jorge Lopez, José Luis Luque, Gloria Saéz
    Diversity.2023; 15(7): 820.     CrossRef
  • Occurrence of Anisakis larvae in Atlantic horse mackerel (Trachurus trachurus) sold in the city of Marrakesh, Morocco
    Abdelkader Biary, Salma Berrouch, Oussama Dehhani, Abdelmalek Maarouf, Pierre Sasal, Brahim Mimouni, Jamaleddine Hafid
    Regional Studies in Marine Science.2023; 67: 103189.     CrossRef
  • Anisakiasis in the Upper Esophagus: A Case Report
    Eiji Kamba, Takashi Murakami, Hiroya Ueyama, Tomoyoshi Shibuya, Mariko Hojo, Ken Yamaji, Akihito Nagahara
    Medicina.2023; 59(10): 1888.     CrossRef
  • Ascaridoid nematodes infecting commercially important marine fish and squid species from Bangladesh waters in the Bay of Bengal
    Miguel Bao, Paolo Cipriani, Lucilla Giulietti, Mohammad Ashraful Alam, Marialetizia Palomba, Simonetta Mattiucci, Arne Levsen
    Food and Waterborne Parasitology.2022; 27: e00157.     CrossRef
  • Intraspecific Genetic Variation of Anisakis typica in Indian Mackerel Caught from the Gulf of Thailand, Samut Songkhram Province
    Tanawat Chaiphongpachara, Poom Adisakwattana, Nantana Suwandittakul, Daiji Endoh
    The Scientific World Journal.2022; 2022: 1.     CrossRef
  • Prevalence and Molecular Characterization of Ascaridoid Parasites of Philippine Decapterus species
    Tres Tinna M. Dela Cruz, Kennesa Klariz R. Llanes, Joliesa Mae S. Toledo, Junard A. Catabay, Raffy Jay C. Fornillos, Ian Kendrich C. Fontanilla, Vachel Gay V. Paller
    Journal of Nematology.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Anisakid nematodes in Trichiurus lepturus and Saurida undosquamis (Teleostea) from the South-West Indian Ocean: Genetic evidence for the existence of sister species within Anisakis typica (s.l.), and food-safety considerations
    Paolo Cipriani, Lucilla Giulietti, Salome Daniel Shayo, Julia E. Storesund, Miguel Bao, Marialetizia Palomba, Simonetta Mattiucci, Arne Levsen
    Food and Waterborne Parasitology.2022; 28: e00177.     CrossRef
  • First morphological and molecular identification of third-stage larvae of Anisakis typica (Nematoda: Anisakidae) from marine fishes in Vietnamese water
    Hoang Van Hien, Bui Thi Dung, Ha Duy Ngo, Pham Ngoc Doanh
    Journal of Nematology.2021; 53(1): 1.     CrossRef
  • First report on molecular identification of Anisakis simplex in Oncorhynchus nerka from the fish market, with taxonomical issues within Anisakidae
    Alina E. Safonova, Anastasia N. Voronova, Konstantin S. Vainutis
    Journal of Nematology.2021; 53(1): 1.     CrossRef
  • Morphological study and molecular epidemiology of Anisakis larvae in mackerel fish
    Vipavinee Cheypanya, Pheravut Wongsawad, Chalobol Wongsawad, Nattawadee Nantarat
    Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine.2021; 14(5): 214.     CrossRef
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  • 227 Download
  • 12 Web of Science
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Book Review

Human Parasitic Diseases: A Diagnostic Atlas
Jong-Yil Chai
Korean J Parasitol 2020;58(1):103-103.
Published online February 29, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2020.58.1.103
  • 4,700 View
  • 211 Download

Brief Communications

Survey of Gymnophalloides seoi Metacercariae in Natural and Cultured Oysters from Several Western Coastal Areas, Korea
Taehee Chang, Bong-Kwang Jung, Hyemi Song, Jaeeun Cho, Sooji Hong, Keon-Hoon Lee, Eui-Hyug Hoang, Jisu Kang, Jini Lim, Hana Lee, Jong-Yil Chai
Korean J Parasitol 2019;57(6):705-708.
Published online December 31, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2019.57.6.705
Gymnophalloides seoi (Digenea: Gymnophallidae) is a human intestinal trematode contracted by eating raw oysters (Crassostrea gigas) in the Republic of Korea (=Korea). It has been known to be highly endemic in Aphae Island, Shinan-gun, Jeollanam-do (Province). However, recent epidemiological status of G. seoi has not been reported since the 1990s. In this study, we investigated the prevalence of G. seoi metacercariae in natural and cultured oysters collected from 3 islands and 2 coastal areas in western parts of Korea. The oysters were examined using the artificial digestion method followed by stereomicroscopy. The overall positive rate of G. seoi metacercariae in natural oysters was 66.0% (99/150), and the oysters collected from Yubu Island showed the highest infection rate (74.0%). However, the metacercarial density per oyster was relatively low (1.5-2.4 per oyster). By contrast, no metacercaria was found in cultured oysters purchased from 2 coastal areas in Chungcheongnam-do. Thus, we could confirm that natural oysters produced from 3 western coastal islands are infected with G. seoi metacercariae, whereas cultured oysters purchased from 2 coastal areas were free from infection.

Citations

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  • High sensitivity detection of Clonorchis sinensis and Gymnophalloides seoi in food by new real-time gene amplification method
    Min Ji Hong, Mi-Gyeong Kim, Doo Won Seo, Hyun Mi Jung, Hyun-Ja Han, Seung Hwan Kim, Insun Joo
    Food Science and Biotechnology.2025; 34(14): 3417.     CrossRef
  • 5,623 View
  • 88 Download
  • 1 Web of Science
  • Crossref
Anisakid Larvae from Anchovies in the South Coast of Korea
Taehee Chang, Bong-Kwang Jung, Sooji Hong, Hyejoo Shin, Jeonggyu Lee, Laddawan Patarwut, Jong-Yil Chai
Korean J Parasitol 2019;57(6):699-704.
Published online December 31, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2019.57.6.699
Anisakiasis (anisakidosis) refers to a foodborne zoonosis caused by ingesting raw or undercooked marine fish or cephalopods infected with anisakid larvae. The present study was performed to investigate the prevalence of anisakid larvae in anchovies (Engraulis japonica) purchased from 2 local markets in Gyeongsangnam-do, the Republic of Korea (=Korea), during 2018-2019. Anchovies were transported to our laboratory and examined by pepsin-HCl artificial digestion technique followed by microscopic observations and molecular analyses. The overall prevalence of anisakid larvae was 19.5% (39/200), from which a total of 51 larvae (av. 1.3 larvae/infected anchovy) were recovered. Sequencing of the larvae targeting the ITS region, including ITS1, 5.8S rRNA, and ITS2 genes confirmed the species of larvae as Anisakis pegreffii (54.9%; 28/51), Hysterothylacium sinense (23.5%; 12/51), and Hysterothylacium aduncum (21.5%; 11/51). The results suggested that anchovies could be a potential source of human anisakiasis in Korea.

Citations

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  • Occurrence and molecular identification of anisakid nematodes in anchovies from the Gulf of California, Mexico
    Dania López-Moreno, Marta Valmaseda-Angulo, Jesús Servando Hernández-Orts, José A. Cruz-Barraza, Emigdio Marín-Enríquez, Rebeca Sánchez-Cárdenas, Marlenne Manzano-Sarabia, Felipe Amezcua, Juan R.F. Vallarta-Zarate, Francisco N. Morales-Serna
    Food Control.2026; 180: 111657.     CrossRef
  • Genetic analyses of Anisakis pegreffii (Nematoda: Anisakidae) from the East Asian finless porpoise Neophocaena asiaeorientalis sunameri (Cetacea: Phocoenidae) in Korean waters
    Sunmin Kim, Jong Yoon Jeon, Kyunglee Lee, Hyunjoo Lee, Han Chan Park, Kyung Eun Lee, Hang Lee, Sung Bin Lee, Sang Wha Kim, Se Chang Park, Seongjun Choe, Heejeong Youn
    Parasitology Research.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Diatoms-endoparasite association in fish from the marine pacific coast of Colombia (Buenaventura)
    Vanessa Potosi-Pai, Carlos E. Agudelo Morales, Javier Antonio Benavides-Montaño, Shawky M. Aboelhadid
    PLOS ONE.2024; 19(12): e0312015.     CrossRef
  • 9,475 View
  • 166 Download
  • 3 Web of Science
  • Crossref

Original Article

Echinostoma macrorchis Metacercariae in Cipangopaludina chinensis malleata from Xiengkhuang Province, Lao PDR and Morphologies of Adults from Experimental Animals
Woon-Mok Sohn, Byoung-Kuk Na, Dongmin Lee, Keeseon S. Eom, Tai-Soon Yong, Jong-Yil Chai, Duk-Young Min
Korean J Parasitol 2019;57(6):657-664.
Published online December 31, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2019.57.6.657
We identified the echinostome metacercariae in Chinese mystery snails, Cipangopaludina chinensis malleata, from Xiengkhuang Province, Lao PDR with morphologies of adult worms recovered. Total 20 snails were examined with artificial digestion method and then the collected metacercariae were orally infected to a mouse and a rat. Adult worms recovered from experimental animals were observed with a light microscope and a SEM. The metacercariae were round, 125×123 ?m in average size, with a moderately thick cyst wall, collar spines distributed in the head collar and excretory granules in 2 canals of excretory tube. Adult flukes (3-week-old in a rat) were elongated, ventrally curved and 5.310×1.023 mm in average size. Head collar distinct, bearing 43 collar spines with 5 end group ones on each side. Oral sucker subterminal, prepharynx very short, pharynx well developed, and esophagus relatively short. Cirrus sac well developed, with a saccular seminal vesicle, and ventral sucker very large. Ovary round and on the median line of the body. Testes tandom and elongated. Eggs operculated, elliptical and 90×57 ?m in average size. In the SEM observation, the head crown prominent, with 43 collar spines resembled with horns of younger stag. Scale-like tegumental spines were densely distributed on the surface between the head collar and ventral sucker, and their densities were decreased posteriorly. Conclusively, the metacercariae detected in C. chinensis malleata from Lao PDR were identified as those of Echinostoma macrorchis based on the morphological characteristics of adult worms.

Citations

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  • Development of a duplex loop-mediated isothermal amplification together with lateral flow dipstick assay for the detection and discrimination of parasitic infections in chickens between cestodes belonging to genus Raillietina and trematodes in family Echi
    Wasin Panich, Thanawan Tejangkura, Thapana Chontananarth
    Research in Veterinary Science.2025; 185: 105539.     CrossRef
  • The Nuclear Ribosomal Transcription Units of Two Echinostomes and Their Taxonomic Implications for the Family Echinostomatidae
    Yu Cao, Ye Li, Zhong-Yan Gao, Bo-Tao Jiang
    Biology.2025; 14(8): 1101.     CrossRef
  • Development and utilization of a visual loop-mediated isothermal amplification coupled with a lateral flow dipstick (LAMP-LFD) assay for rapid detection of Echinostomatidae metacercaria in edible snail samples
    Wasin Panich, Phonkawin Jaruboonyakorn, Awika Raksaman, Thanawan Tejangkura, Thapana Chontananarth
    International Journal of Food Microbiology.2024; 418: 110732.     CrossRef
  • High diversity of trematode metacercariae that parasitize freshwater gastropods in Bangkok, Thailand, and their infective situations, morphologies and phylogenetic relationships
    Pichit Wiroonpan, Thapana Chontananarth, Jong-Yil Chai, Watchariya Purivirojkul
    Parasitology.2022; 149(7): 913.     CrossRef
  • Unravelling another mystery: Parasite escape and host‐switching vary spatially in non‐indigenous populations of Japanese mystery snails
    Amy E. Fowler, Grace A. Loonam, April M. H. Blakeslee
    Freshwater Biology.2022; 67(8): 1316.     CrossRef
  • Snail-borne zoonotic trematodes in edible viviparid snails obtained from wet markets in Northern Thailand
    K. Chantima, C. Rika
    Journal of Helminthology.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • 5,867 View
  • 93 Download
  • 7 Web of Science
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Letter to the Editor

Reconsideration of Dr. Allen’s Report about Hemoptysis Patients from High Prevalence of Archaeoparasitological Paragonimiasis in Korea
Min Seo, Jong-Yil Chai, Jong Ha Hong, Dong Hoon Shin
Korean J Parasitol 2019;57(6):635-638.
Published online December 31, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2019.57.6.635
Horace N. Allen, an American physician, was a Presbyterian missionary to Korea. In 1886, he wrote the annual report of the Korean government hospital, summarizing patient statistics according to outpatient and inpatient classification for the first ever in Korean history. In the report, he speculated that hemoptysis cases of outpatient might have been mainly caused by distoma. Allen’s conjecture was noteworthy because only a few years lapsed since the first scientific report of paragonimiasis. However, he was not sure of his assumption either because it was not evidently supported by proper microscopic or post-mortem examinations. In this letter, we thus revisit his assumption with our parasitological data recently obtained from Joseon period mummies.

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  • Paleoparasitology research on ancient helminth eggs and larvae in the Republic of Korea
    Jong-Yil Chai, Min Seo, Dong Hoon Shin
    Parasites, Hosts and Diseases.2023; 61(4): 345.     CrossRef
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Brief Communications

Differential Change in the Prevalence of the Ascaris, Trichuris and Clonorchis infection Among Past East Asian Populations
Xiaoya Zhan, Hui-Yuan Yeh, Dong Hoon Shin, Jong-Yil Chai, Min Seo, Piers D. Mitchell
Korean J Parasitol 2019;57(6):601-605.
Published online December 31, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2019.57.6.601
As we learn more about parasites in ancient civilizations, data becomes available that can be used to see how infection may change over time. The aim of this study is to assess how common certain intestinal parasites were in China and Korea in the past 2000 years, and make comparisons with prevalence data from the 20th century. This allows us to go on to investigate how and why changes in parasite prevalence may have occurred at different times. Here we show that Chinese liver fluke (Clonorchis sinensis) dropped markedly in prevalence in both Korea and China earlier than did roundworm (Ascaris lumbricoides) and whipworm (Trichuris trichiura). We use historical evidence to determine why this was the case, exploring the role of developing sanitation infrastructure, changing use of human feces as crop fertilizer, development of chemical fertilizers, snail control programs, changing dietary preferences, and governmental public health campaigns during the 20th century.

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  • Ancient parasite analysis: Exploring infectious diseases in past societies
    Piers D. Mitchell
    Journal of Archaeological Science.2024; 170: 106067.     CrossRef
  • Updates on parasite infection prevalence in the Joseon period based on parasitological studies of human coprolites isolated from archaeological sites in the cities of Euijeongbu, Gumi, and Wonju
    Chang Seok Oh, Jong-Yil Chai, Sori Min, Kyong Taek Oh, Jeonghwan Seol, Mi Kyung Song, Dong Hoon Shin, Min Seo
    Parasites, Hosts and Diseases.2023; 61(1): 89.     CrossRef
  • Liver Fluke Infection Throughout Human Evolution
    Tianyi Wang, Piers D. Mitchell
    Gastro Hep Advances.2022; 1(4): 500.     CrossRef
  • Current status of Clonorchis sinensis and clonorchiasis in Korea: epidemiological perspectives integrating the data from human and intermediate hosts
    Won Gi Yoo, Woon-Mok Sohn, Byoung-Kuk Na
    Parasitology.2022; 149(10): 1296.     CrossRef
  • The what, how and why of archaeological coprolite analysis
    Lisa-Marie Shillito, John C. Blong, Eleanor J. Green, Eline N. van Asperen
    Earth-Science Reviews.2020; 207: 103196.     CrossRef
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Echinochasmus caninus n. comb. (Trematoda: Echinostomatidae) Infection in Eleven Riparian People in Khammouane Province, Lao PDR
Jong-Yil Chai, Taehee Chang, Bong-Kwang Jung, Hyejoo Shin, Woon-Mok Sohn, Keeseon S. Eom, Tai-Soon Yong, Duk-Young Min, Bounlay Phammasack, Bounnaloth Insisiengmay, Han-Jong Rim
Korean J Parasitol 2019;57(4):451-456.
Published online August 31, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2019.57.4.451
Adult specimens of Echinochasmus caninus n. comb. (Verma, 1935) (Trematoda: Echinostomatidae) (syn. Episthmium caninum Yamaguti, 1958) were recovered from 11 riparian people who resided along the Mekong River in Khammouane Province, Lao PDR. In fecal examinations done by the Kato-Katz technique, the cases revealed eggs of Opisthorchis viverrini/minute intestinal flukes, hookworms, and in 2 cases echinostome eggs. To recover the adult helminths, praziquantel 30-40 mg/kg and pyrantel pamoate 10-15 mg/kg in a single dose were given and purged with magnesium salts. Various species of trematodes (including O. viverrini and Haplorchis spp.), cestodes, and nematodes were recovered from their diarrheic stools. Among the trematodes, small echinostome flukes (n=42; av. 3.8 specimens per case) of 0.7-1.2 mm in length are subjected in this study. They are morphologically characterized by having 24 collar spines interrupted dorsally and anterior extension of vitellaria from the cirrus sac or genital pore level to the posterior end of the body. Particularly based on this extensive distribution of vitellaria, the specific diagnosis was made as Echinochasmus caninus. The cases were co-infected with various other helminth parasites; thus, clinical manifestations specific for this echinostome infection were difficult to determine. The present paper describes for the first time human E. caninus infections in Lao PDR. Our cases marked the 4-14th human infections with this echinostome around the world following the 3 previous cases reported from Thailand.

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    Rafael Toledo, María Álvarez-Izquierdo, J. Guillermo Esteban, Carla Muñoz-Antoli
    Parasitology.2022; 149(10): 1319.     CrossRef
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    Jong-Yil Chai, Bong-Kwang Jung
    Parasitology.2022; 149(10): 1262.     CrossRef
  • Echinostoma aegyptica (Trematoda: Echinostomatidae) Infection in Five Riparian People in Savannakhet Province, Lao PDR
    Jong-Yil Chai, Bong-Kwang Jung, Taehee Chang, Hyejoo Shin, Woon-Mok Sohn, Keeseon S. Eom, Tai-Soon Yong, Duk-Young Min, Bounlay Phammasack, Bounnaloth Insisiengmay, Han-Jong Rim
    The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2020; 58(1): 67.     CrossRef
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    The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2020; 58(4): 431.     CrossRef
  • Echinostoma macrorchis Metacercariae in Cipangopaludina chinensis malleata from Xiengkhuang Province, Lao PDR and Morphologies of Adults from Experimental Animals
    Woon-Mok Sohn, Byoung-Kuk Na, Dongmin Lee, Keeseon S. Eom, Tai-Soon Yong, Jong-Yil Chai, Duk-Young Min
    The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2019; 57(6): 657.     CrossRef
  • 8,206 View
  • 155 Download
  • 7 Web of Science
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